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Brasil GA, Silva-Cutini MDA, Moraes FDSA, Pereira TDMC, Vasquez EC, Lenz D, Bissoli NS, Endringer DC, de Lima EM, Biancardi VC, Maia JF, de Andrade TU. The benefits of soluble non-bacterial fraction of kefir on blood pressure and cardiac hypertrophy in hypertensive rats are mediated by an increase in baroreflex sensitivity and decrease in angiotensin-converting enzyme activity. Nutrition 2018; 51-52:66-72. [PMID: 29605766 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2017.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Revised: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We aimed to evaluate whether long-term treatment with the soluble non-bacterial fraction of kefir affects mean arterial pressure (MAP) and cardiac hypertrophy through the modulation of baroreflex sensitivity, ACE activity, and the inflammatory-to-anti-inflammatory cytokine ratio in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). METHODS SHRs were treated with the soluble non-bacterial kefir fraction (SHR-kefir) or with kefir vehicle (SHR-soluble fraction of milk). Normotensive control Wistar Kyoto animals received the soluble fraction of milk. All treatments were administered by gavage (0.3 mL/100g/body weight), once daily for eight weeks. At the end, after basal MAP and Heart Rate (HT) measurement, barorreflex sensitivity was evaluated through in bolus administrations of sodium nitroprusside and phenylephrine (AP50 [arterial pressure 50%], the lower plateau, and HR range were measured). ACE activity and cytokines (TNF-α and IL-10) were evaluated by ELISA. Cardiac hypertrophy was analysed morphometrically. RESULTS Compared to SHR control, SHR-kefir exhibited a significant decrease in both MAP (SHR: 184 ± 5; SHR-Kefir: 142 ± 8 mmHg), and HR (SHR: 360 ± 10; SHR-kefir: 310 ± 14 bpm). The non-bacterial fraction of kefir also reduced cardiac hypertrophy, TNF-α-to-IL10 ratio, and ACE activity in SHRs. SHR-kefir baroreflex sensitivity, resulted in a partial but significant recovery of baroreflex gain, as demonstrated by improvements in AP50, the lower plateau, and HR range. CONCLUSION In summary, our results indicate that long-term administration of the non-bacterial fraction of kefir promotes a significant decrease in both MAP and HR, by improving baroreflex, and reduces cardiac hypertrophy in SHRs, likely via ACE inhibition, and reduction of the TNF-α-to-IL10 ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mirian de Almeida Silva-Cutini
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, University Vila Velha, Vila Velha, ES, Brazil; Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, Auburn University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn, Alabama, USA
| | | | | | | | - Dominik Lenz
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, University Vila Velha, Vila Velha, ES, Brazil
| | - Nazaré Souza Bissoli
- Physiological Sciences Department, Health Sciences Center Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | | | | | - Vinícia Campana Biancardi
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, Auburn University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn, Alabama, USA
| | - June Ferreira Maia
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, University Vila Velha, Vila Velha, ES, Brazil
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Mueller PJ, Clifford PS, Crandall CG, Smith SA, Fadel PJ. Integration of Central and Peripheral Regulation of the Circulation during Exercise: Acute and Chronic Adaptations. Compr Physiol 2017; 8:103-151. [DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c160040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Huang Q, Cai B. Exosomes as New Intercellular Mediators in Development and Therapeutics of Cardiomyocyte Hypertrophy. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 998:91-100. [PMID: 28936734 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-4397-0_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial hypertrophy is a common cardiac condition in response to hemodynamic and neurohormonal alterations. Pathological hypertrophic growth in hearts caused the decline of cardiac functions, and finally developed into congestive heart failure. The exosomes are small membrane vesicles which are secreted by various cells and play important roles in cellular communication, migration, proliferation and differentiation. Recent studies uncovered that the exosomes from cardiac fibroblasts and other tissues participates in the development of myocardial hypertrophy. Nevertheless, cardiac progenitor cells and mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomes confer protective action on myocardial hypertrophy. Thus, the exosomes serve as new intercellular mediators between cardiomyocytes and other cells, and show broad application potential in the diagnostic and therapy of cardiomyocyte hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Second Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 157# Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang Province, China.,Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Benzhi Cai
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Second Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 157# Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang Province, China. .,Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang Province, China.
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Stockigt F, Pohlmann S, Nickenig G, Schwab JO, Schrickel JW. Induced and spontaneous heart rate turbulence in mice: influence of coupling interval. Europace 2014; 16:1092-8. [DOI: 10.1093/europace/eut357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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