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Pawar AY, Patil SS, More PS, Jadhav PR, Bhavar SR. Preparation and characterization of nanocochelate by using phosphatidylcholine as lipid carrier for enhancement of permeability and bioavailability of rosuvastatin. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2022; 47:2004-2012. [PMID: 35658764 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2022.2087081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Rosuvastatin (ROS) is a class of antihyperlipidemic agents belonging to the class of statins with poor permeability, which results in low oral bioavailability, i.e. 20%. The objective of the present study was to improve the permeability and bioavailability of ROS by developing nanocochelates using naturally biocompatible phosphatidylcholine, a type of lipid which is used as Ca 2+ cations for the calcification process. SIGNIFICANCE For the loaded ROS, the trapping method was used to build nanocochelates to boost the intestinal permeability of phosphatidylcholine and divalent choline is a calcium chloride cationic solution. METHODS Nine different formulations have been produced and with varying lipid and cationic solution concentrations. The formulation of nanocochelates characterized by scanning electron microscopy, particle size, and zeta potential. Permeability studies have been conducted to determine the permeability improvement property of nanocochelates. The pharmacokinetic study was performed in Wistar albino rats to determine the bioavailability enhancement potential of nanocochlelates. RESULTS The concentration of optimum lipid, calcium chloride was found to be 80 mg, 200 ul respectively which improve permeability by 3.44 times as compared to the marketed formulation. The in-vitro drug release over a prolonged period i.e.12 hours. Which was substantially better than the traditional formulation of tablets. Nearly five fold enhancement in bioavailability was observed in case of optimized formulation as compared to the marketed formulation (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION The findings suggest that the use of natural lipid carrier by nanocochelates of Rosuvastatin was promising the oral delivery approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashish Yashwantrao Pawar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi Vidyamandir's Pharmacy College, Panchavati, Nashik.,Affiliated to Savitribai Phule Pune University, (State University), Maharashtra State, India -422 003
| | - Sagar S Patil
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi Vidyamandir's Pharmacy College, Panchavati, Nashik.,Affiliated to Savitribai Phule Pune University, (State University), Maharashtra State, India -422 003
| | - Prajakta S More
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi Vidyamandir's Pharmacy College, Panchavati, Nashik.,Affiliated to Savitribai Phule Pune University, (State University), Maharashtra State, India -422 003
| | - Pallavi R Jadhav
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi Vidyamandir's Pharmacy College, Panchavati, Nashik.,Affiliated to Savitribai Phule Pune University, (State University), Maharashtra State, India -422 003
| | - Snehal R Bhavar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi Vidyamandir's Pharmacy College, Panchavati, Nashik.,Affiliated to Savitribai Phule Pune University, (State University), Maharashtra State, India -422 003
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Mansi IA, English JL, Alvarez CA, Mortensen EM, Pugh M. Statins in survivors of traumatic brain injury: a propensity score-matched analysis. Brain Inj 2020; 34:1367-1374. [DOI: 10.1080/02699052.2020.1802663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ishak A. Mansi
- Medical Service, VA North Texas Health System, Dallas, Texas, USA
- Departments of Internal Medicine and Population and Data Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | | | - Carlos A. Alvarez
- Medical Service, VA North Texas Health System, Dallas, Texas, USA
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Eric M. Mortensen
- Medical Service, VA North Texas Health System, Dallas, Texas, USA
- School of Medicine, University of Connecticut, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - M.J Pugh
- Informatics, Decision Enhancement, and Analytic Sciences Center, VA Salt Lake City Health Care System and Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake city, Utah, USA
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Husain I, Khan S, Khan S, Madaan T, Kumar S, Najmi AK. Unfolding the pleiotropic facades of rosuvastatin in therapeutic intervention of myriads of neurodegenerative disorders. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2018; 46:283-291. [PMID: 30290001 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Revised: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Rosuvastatin, a 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitor, and one of the most popular antihyperlipidemic medications have been found to possess pharmacodynamic activities much different from its usual indication. Recent research studies have revealed the efficacy of rosuvastatin in attenuating neuroinflammation, reducing the progression of Alzheimer's disease, providing protection against cerebral ischaemia and spinal cord injury as well as ameliorating epilepsy. Mechanisms behind the neuroprotective potential of rosuvastatin can be attributed to its pleiotropic effects, independent of its ability to inhibit HMG-CoA reductase. These processes include modulation of several cellular pathways, isoprenylation, effects on oxidative stress, nitrosative levels, inflammation, and immune response. This review aims to assimilate and summarize recent findings on the pharmacological actions of rosuvastatin in attenuating neurological disorders in order to guide future research in this space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibraheem Husain
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, India
| | - Sana Khan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, India
| | - Saba Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, India
| | - Tushar Madaan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, India
| | - Sanjeev Kumar
- Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Abul K Najmi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, India
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Abd El-Aal SA, Abd El-Fattah MA, El-Abhar HS. CoQ10 Augments Rosuvastatin Neuroprotective Effect in a Model of Global Ischemia via Inhibition of NF-κB/JNK3/Bax and Activation of Akt/FOXO3A/Bim Cues. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:735. [PMID: 29081748 PMCID: PMC5645536 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 09/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Statins were reported to lower the Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) content upon their inhibition of HMG-CoA reductase enzyme and both are known to possess neuroprotective potentials; therefore, the aim is to assess the possible use of CoQ10 as an adds-on therapy to rosuvastatin to improve its effect using global I/R model. Rats were allocated into sham, I/R, rosuvastatin (10 mg/kg), CoQ10 (10 mg/kg) and their combination. Drugs were administered orally for 7 days before I/R. Pretreatment with rosuvastatin and/or CoQ10 inhibited the hippocampal content of malondialdehyde, nitric oxide, and boosted glutathione and superoxide dismutase. They also opposed the upregulation of gp91phox, and p47phox subunits of NADPH oxidase. Meanwhile, both agents reduced content/expression of TNF-α, iNOS, NF-κBp65, ICAM-1, and MPO. Besides, all regimens abated cytochrome c, caspase-3 and Bax, but increased Bcl-2 in favor of cell survival. On the molecular level, they increased p-Akt and its downstream target p-FOXO3A, with the inhibition of the nuclear content of FOXO3A to downregulate the expression of Bim, a pro-apoptotic gene. Additionally, both treatments downregulate the JNK3/c-Jun signaling pathway. The effect of the combination regimen overrides that of either treatment alone. These effects were reflected on the alleviation of the hippocampal damage in CA1 region inflicted by I/R. Together, these findings accentuate the neuroprotective potentials of both treatments against global I/R by virtue of their rigorous multi-pronged actions, including suppression of hippocampal oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis with the involvement of the Akt/FOXO3A/Bim and JNK3/c-Jun/Bax signaling pathways. The study also nominates CoQ10 as an adds-on therapy with statins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A Abd El-Aal
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, October 6 University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mai A Abd El-Fattah
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hanan S El-Abhar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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The Protective Effect of Curcumin on a Spinal Cord Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Model. Ann Vasc Surg 2017; 42:285-292. [DOI: 10.1016/j.avsg.2016.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Revised: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Hwang JY, Min SW, Jeon YT, Hwang JW, Park SH, Kim JH, Han SH. Effect of coenzyme Q10 on spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury. J Neurosurg Spine 2015; 22:432-8. [DOI: 10.3171/2014.12.spine14487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECT
Spinal cord ischemia remains a serious complication of thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm surgery. Coenzyme Q10, a potent antioxidant, has been reported to exert a neuroprotective effect. In the present study, we evaluated the effect of coenzyme Q10 pretreatment on spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury.
METHODS
Male Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with either 300 mg/kg coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10 group, n = 12) or saline (control and sham groups, n = 12 for each group) for 5 days before ischemia. Spinal cord ischemia was induced in the control and CoQ10 groups. Neurological function was assessed using the Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan (BBB) motor rating scale until 7 days after reperfusion, and then the spinal cord was harvested for histopathological examinations and an evaluation of malondialdehyde level.
RESULTS
On post-reperfusion Day 1, the CoQ10 group showed higher BBB scores compared with those in the control group, although the difference was not significant. However, on Day 2, the CoQ10 group showed a significantly higher BBB score than the control group (14.0 [10.3–15.0] vs 8.0 [5.0–9.8], median [IQR], respectively; p = 0.021), and this trend was maintained until Day 7 (17.5 [16.0–18.0] vs 9.0 [6.5–12.8], respectively; p < 0.001). Compared with the control group, the CoQ10 group had more normal motor neurons (p = 0.003), fewer apoptotic changes (p = 0.003) and a lower level of tissue malondialdehyde (p = 0.024).
CONCLUSIONS
Pretreatment with 300 mg/kg coenzyme Q10 resulted in significantly improved neurological function and preservation of more normal motor neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Young Hwang
- 1Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center; and
| | - Seong-Won Min
- 1Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center; and
| | - Young-Tae Jeon
- 2Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Won Hwang
- 2Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Heon Park
- 2Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Hee Kim
- 2Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hee Han
- 2Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
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Trocha M, Merwid-Ląd A, Chlebda E, Sozański T, Pieśniewska M, Gliniak H, Szeląg A. Influence of ezetimibe on selected parameters of oxidative stress in rat liver subjected to ischemia/reperfusion. Arch Med Sci 2014; 10:817-24. [PMID: 25276169 PMCID: PMC4175761 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2013.38087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2011] [Revised: 02/21/2012] [Accepted: 04/01/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) is considered to be one of the main causes of liver damage after transplantation. The authors evaluated the effect of ezetimibe on selected oxidative stress parameters in ischemic/reperfused (I/R) rat liver. MATERIAL AND METHODS Rats were administered ezetimibe (5 mg/kg) (groups E and E-I/R) or saline solution (groups C and C-I/R) intragastrically for 21 days. Livers of animals in groups C-I/R and E-I/R were subjected to 60 min of partial ischemia (left lateral and median lobes) followed by 4 h of reperfusion. Alanine and asparagine aminotransferase (ALT, AST) activity was determined in blood before I/R and during reperfusion (at 15 and 240 min). After the reperfusion period, malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were determined in liver homogenates using colorimetric methods. RESULTS Ezetimibe caused a significant increase in GSH level in groups subjected to I/R (E-I/R (99.91 ±9.01) vs. C-I/R (90.51 ±8.87), p < 0.05). Additionally, under I/R the decrease of GPx activity in the drug-treated group was lower compared to the non-treated group (E-I/R (3.88 ±1.11) vs. E (5.31 ±1.83), p = 0.076). Neither ezetimibe nor I/R affected SOD or MDA levels. I/R produced a significant increase in aminotransferase levels (ALT240-0: C-I/R (42.23 ±43.56) vs. C (9.75 ±11.09), and E-I/R (39.85 ±26.53) vs. E (4.38 ±1.36), p < 0.05 in both cases; AST 240-0: E-I/R (53.87 ±17.23) vs. E (24.10 ±9.66), p < 0.05) but no effect of ezetimibe on those enzymes was found. CONCLUSIONS Ezetimibe demonstrates antioxidant properties in rat livers subjected to I/R. However, neither a hepatoprotective nor a hepatotoxic effect of ezetimibe was demonstrated, regardless of I/R.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anna Merwid-Ląd
- Department of Pharmacology, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland
| | - Ewa Chlebda
- Department of Pharmacology, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland
| | - Tomasz Sozański
- Department of Pharmacology, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland
| | | | - Halina Gliniak
- Department of Pharmacology, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland
| | - Adam Szeląg
- Department of Pharmacology, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland
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Kahveci R, Gökçe EC, Gürer B, Gökçe A, Kisa U, Cemil DB, Sargon MF, Kahveci FO, Aksoy N, Erdoğan B. Neuroprotective effects of rosuvastatin against traumatic spinal cord injury in rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2014; 741:45-54. [PMID: 25084223 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2014.07.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2014] [Revised: 07/18/2014] [Accepted: 07/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Rosuvastatin, which is a potent statin, has never been studied in traumatic spinal cord injury. The aim of this study was to investigate whether rosuvastatin treatment could protect the spinal cord after experimental spinal cord injury. Rats were randomized into the following five groups of eight animals each: control, sham, trauma, rosuvastatin, and methylprednisolone. In the control group, no surgical intervention was performed. In the sham group, only laminectomy was performed. In all the other groups, the spinal cord trauma model was created by the occlusion of the spinal cord with an aneurysm clip. In the spinal cord tissue, caspase-3 activity, tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels, myeloperoxidase activity, malondialdehyde levels, nitric oxide levels, and superoxide dismutase levels were analyzed. Histopathological and ultrastructural evaluations were also performed. Neurological evaluation was performed using the Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan locomotor scale and the inclined-plane test.After traumatic spinal cord injury, increases in caspase-3 activity, tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels, myeloperoxidase activity, malondialdehyde levels, and nitric oxide levels were detected. In contrast, the superoxide dismutase levels were decreased. After the administration of rosuvastatin, decreases were observed in the tissue caspase-3 activity, tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels, myeloperoxidase activity, malondialdehyde levels, and nitric oxide levels. In contrast, tissue superoxide dismutase levels were increased. Furthermore, rosuvastatin treatment showed improved results concerning the histopathological scores, the ultrastructural score and the functional tests. Biochemical, histopathological, ultrastructural analysis and functional tests revealed that rosuvastatin exhibits meaningful neuroprotective effects against spinal cord injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramazan Kahveci
- Ministry of Health, Kirikkale Yüksek İhtisas Hospital, Department of Neurosurgery, Kirikkale, Turkey
| | - Emre Cemal Gökçe
- Turgut Ozal University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Bora Gürer
- Ministry of Health, Fatih Sultan Mehmet Education and Research Hospital, Department of Neurosurgery, Beyin Cerrahi Servisi, 34752 Ataşehir, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Aysun Gökçe
- Ministry of Health, Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Education and Research Hospital, Department of Pathology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Uçler Kisa
- Kirikkale University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Kirikkale, Turkey
| | - Duran Berker Cemil
- Turgut Ozal University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Fevzi Sargon
- Hacettepe University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Anatomy, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Fatih Ozan Kahveci
- Bülent Ecevit University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Zonguldak, Turkey
| | - Nurkan Aksoy
- Kirikkale University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Kirikkale, Turkey
| | - Bülent Erdoğan
- Turgut Ozal University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery, Ankara, Turkey
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Pathak NN, Balaganur V, Lingaraju MC, Kant V, Latief N, More AS, Kumar D, Kumar D, Tandan SK. Atorvastatin attenuates neuropathic pain in rat neuropathy model by down-regulating oxidative damage at peripheral, spinal and supraspinal levels. Neurochem Int 2014; 68:1-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2014.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2013] [Revised: 01/28/2014] [Accepted: 01/30/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Kurtoglu T, Basoglu H, Ozkisacik EA, Cetin NK, Tataroglu C, Yenisey C, Discigil B. Effects of Cilostazol on Oxidative Stress, Systemic Cytokine Release, and Spinal Cord Injury in a Rat Model of Transient Aortic Occlusion. Ann Vasc Surg 2014; 28:479-88. [DOI: 10.1016/j.avsg.2013.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2013] [Revised: 08/13/2013] [Accepted: 08/13/2013] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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Ji Y, Meng B, Yuan C, Yang H, Zou J. Monitoring somatosensory evoked potentials in spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury. Neural Regen Res 2013; 8:3087-94. [PMID: 25206629 PMCID: PMC4158706 DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2013.33.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2013] [Accepted: 09/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
It remains unclear whether spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury caused by ischemia and other non-mechanical factors can be monitored by somatosensory evoked potentials. Therefore, we monitored spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury in rabbits using somatosensory evoked potential detection technology. The results showed that the somatosensory evoked potential latency was significantly prolonged and the amplitude significantly reduced until it disappeared during the period of spinal cord ischemia. After reperfusion for 30–180 minutes, the amplitude and latency began to gradually recover; at 360 minutes of reperfusion, the latency showed no significant difference compared with the pre-ischemic value, while the somatosensory evoked potential amplitude in-creased, and severe hindlimb motor dysfunctions were detected. Experimental findings suggest that changes in somatosensory evoked potential latency can reflect the degree of spinal cord ischemic injury, while the amplitude variations are indicators of the late spinal cord reperfusion injury, which provide evidence for the assessment of limb motor function and avoid iatrogenic spinal cord injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Ji
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Bin Meng
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Chenxi Yuan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Huilin Yang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jun Zou
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu Province, China
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Hu JR, Lv GH, Yin BL. Altered microRNA expression in the ischemic-reperfusion spinal cord with atorvastatin therapy. J Pharmacol Sci 2013; 121:343-6. [PMID: 23514788 DOI: 10.1254/jphs.12235sc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
We explored the neuroprotection by atorvastatin in the ischemia/reperfusion model of rat and its microRNA-related mechanisms. At first, we uncovered a previously unknown alteration in temporal expression of a large set of microRNAs following spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). The target genes for the differentially expressed microRNAs include genes encoding components that are involved in the inflammation, apoptosis, and neural damage that are known to play important roles in IRI. Atorvastatin pretreatment restored part of the up or down regulations. These findings suggest that altered expression of microRNAs may contribute to the mechanism of neuroprotection of statins in spinal cord IRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Rui Hu
- Department of Spine Surgery, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, PR China
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Liu ZQ, Xing SS, Zhang W. Neuroprotective effect of curcumin on spinal cord in rabbit model with ischemia/reperfusion. J Spinal Cord Med 2013; 36:147-52. [PMID: 23809530 PMCID: PMC3595963 DOI: 10.1179/2045772312y.0000000028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ischemic/reperfusion (I/R) injury of the spinal cord is a serious complication that can result from thoracoabdominal aortic surgery. OBJECTIVE To investigate the neuroprotective effect of curcumin against I/R injury in a rabbit model. METHODS A total of 36 rabbits were randomly divided into three groups: sham, I/R, and curcumin-treated group. Rabbits were subject to 30-min aortic occlusion to induce transient spinal cord ischemia. Neurological function was observed after reperfusion and spinal cord segment (L3-L5) was collected for histopathological evaluation. Malondialdehyde (MDA) and total superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were also assayed. RESULTS Rabbits in I/R group were induced to paraplegia. While after 48-hour treatment, compared with I/R group, curcumin significantly improved neurological function, reduced cell apoptosis and MDA levels as well as increased SOD activity (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that curcumin, at least in an animal model, can attenuate transient spinal cord ischemic injury potentially via reducing oxidative damage, which may provide a novel approach in the treatment of spinal cord ischemic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Qiang Liu
- Jining Medical College, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Shan-Shan Xing
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China,Correspondence to: Wei Zhang, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
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Hwang J, Han JI, Han S. Effect of pretreatment with simvastatin on spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2012; 27:79-85. [PMID: 22445180 DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2012.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2011] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the pretreatment effect of simvastatin on spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury. DESIGN Prospective, interventional study. SETTING University research laboratory. PARTICIPANTS Forty-five male Sprague-Dawley rats. INTERVENTIONS Rats were treated with oral simvastatin, 10 mg/kg (simvastatin group; n = 15) or saline (control group; n = 15) for 5 days before ischemia. Spinal cord ischemia was induced using a balloon-tipped catheter placed in the proximal descending aorta in the control and simvastatin groups, but not in the sham group (n = 15). MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Neurologic function was assessed daily using the motor deficit index until 7 days after reperfusion. After the last neurologic evaluation, a histologic examination of the spinal cord was performed. At day 1 after reperfusion, the simvastatin group showed a significantly lower motor deficit index compared with the control group (2.0, 2.0-2.0, v 4.0, 3.5-5.0; p < 0.001). This trend was sustained at day 7 (2.0, 1.5-2.0, v 4.0, 3.0-4.0; p < 0.001). The simvastatin group displayed a significantly larger number of normal motor neurons compared with the control group (mean ± SD, 31.7 ± 6.1 v 20.4 ± 4.4; p < 0.001). However, compared with the sham group, the simvastatin group displayed fewer intact motor neurons (sham group, 38.5 ± 5.1; p = 0.005). CONCLUSIONS Pretreatment with simvastatin, 10 mg/kg, given orally for 5 days before the ischemia-reperfusion insult, improved the neurologic outcome and preserved more normal motor neurons compared with the control group in a rat model of spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyoung Hwang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University, Bundang Hospital, Seongnamsi, Gyeonggido, Korea
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