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Chen S, Wu S, Lin B. The potential therapeutic value of the natural plant compounds matrine and oxymatrine in cardiovascular diseases. Front Cardiovasc Med 2024; 11:1417672. [PMID: 39041001 PMCID: PMC11260750 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1417672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Matrine (MT) and Oxymatrine (OMT) are two natural alkaloids derived from plants. These bioactive compounds are notable for their diverse pharmacological effects and have been extensively studied and recognized in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases in recent years. The cardioprotective effects of MT and OMT involve multiple aspects, primarily including antioxidative stress, anti-inflammatory actions, anti-atherosclerosis, restoration of vascular function, and inhibition of cardiac remodeling and failure. Clinical pharmacology research has identified numerous novel molecular mechanisms of OMT and MT, such as JAK/STAT, Nrf2/HO-1, PI3 K/AKT, TGF-β1/Smad, and Notch pathways, providing new evidence supporting their promising therapeutic potential against cardiovascular diseases. Thus, this review aims to investigate the potential applications of MT and OMT in treating cardiovascular diseases, encompassing their mechanisms, efficacy, and safety, confirming their promise as lead compounds in anti-cardiovascular disease drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bin Lin
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wenzhou Central Hospital, Wenzhou, China
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Li F, Yan K, Wu L, Zheng Z, Du Y, Liu Z, Zhao L, Li W, Sheng Y, Ren L, Tang C, Zhu L. Single-cell RNA-seq reveals cellular heterogeneity of mouse carotid artery under disturbed flow. Cell Death Discov 2021; 7:180. [PMID: 34282126 PMCID: PMC8290019 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-021-00567-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Disturbed blood flow (d-flow) has been known to induce changes of the cells in the arterial wall, increasing the risk of atherosclerosis. However, the heterogeneity of the vascular cell populations under d-flow remains less understood. To generate d-flow in vivo, partial carotid artery ligation (PCL) was performed. Seven days after ligation, single-cell RNA sequencing of nine left carotid arteries (LCA) from the PCL group (10,262 cells) or control group (14,580 cells) was applied and a single-cell atlas of gene expression was constructed. The integrated analysis identified 15 distinct carotid cell clusters, including 10 d-flow-relevant subpopulations. Among endothelial cells, at least four subpopulations were identified, including Klk8hi ECs, Lrp1hi ECs, Dkk2hi ECs, and Cd36hi ECs. Analysis of GSVA and single-cell trajectories indicated that the previously undescribed Dkk2hi ECs subpopulation was mechanosensitive and potentially transformed from Klk8hi ECs under d-flow. D-flow-induced Spp1hi VSMCs subpopulation that appeared to be endowed with osteoblast differentiation, suggesting a role in arterial stiffness. Among the infiltrating cell subpopulations, Trem2hi Mφ, Birc5hi Mφ, DCs, CD4+ T cells, CXCR6+ T cells, NK cells, and granulocytes were identified under d-flow. Of note, the novel Birc5hi Mφ was identified as a potential contributor to the accumulation of macrophages in atherosclerosis. Finally, Dkk2hi ECs, and Cd36hi ECs were also found in the proatherosclerotic area of the aorta where the d-flow occurs. In conclusion, we presented a comprehensive single-cell atlas of all cells in the carotid artery under d-flow, identified previously unrecognized cell subpopulations and their gene expression signatures, and suggested their specialized functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengchan Li
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kunmin Yan
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lili Wu
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhong Zheng
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yun Du
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ziting Liu
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Luyao Zhao
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Li
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yulan Sheng
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lijie Ren
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chaojun Tang
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Vascular Diseases, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Li Zhu
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Vascular Diseases, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.
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Yan W, Chen S, Zhao Y, Ye X. Fisetin inhibits the proliferation of gastric cancer cells and induces apoptosis through suppression of ERK 1/2 activation. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:8442-8446. [PMID: 29805580 PMCID: PMC5950579 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the effect of fisetin on proliferation and apoptosis of gastric cancer cells, as well as the underlying mechanism. Proliferation in SGC7901 cancer and GES-1 normal cells was analyzed using a CCK-8 assay. Apoptosis was analyzed using an Annexin V/Propidium Iodide apoptosis kit and phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2 was analyzed by western blot assay. Treatment of SGC7901 cells with various concentrations (1, 5, 10, 15 and 20 µM) of fisetin for 48 h resulted in a concentration dependent reduction in proliferation. Flow cytometry revealed a marked increase in apoptosis from 5 µM concentration of fisetin after 48 h. The percentage of apoptotic cells increased to 87% following treatment with 15 µM fisetin for 48 h, compared with 2% in control. Treatment of SGC7901 cells with fisetin for 48 h resulted in a reduction in the activation of ERK 1/2 in a concentration-dependent manner. The reduction in activation of ERK 1/2 was significant following treatment with 15 µM fisetin for 48 h. The inhibitory effect of fisetin on activation of ERK 1/2 was further demonstrated using the ERK 1/2 inhibitor, PD98059. The results indicated a significant reduction in the proliferation of SGC7901 cells following treatment with PD98059 (P<0.002). The reduction by PD98059 administration was comparable to that observed following fisetin treatment for 48 h. In conclusion, the current study demonstrates that fisetin inhibits the proliferation of gastric cancer cells and induces apoptosis through suppression of ERK 1/2 activation. Thus, fisetin may have therapeutic applications in the treatment of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weixin Yan
- Institute of Robotics, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P.R. China
| | - Shouhui Chen
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, P.R. China
| | - Yiyang Zhao
- Institute of Robotics, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Ye
- UM-SJTU Joint Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P.R. China
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Zhang GL, Jiang L, Yan Q, Liu RH, Zhang L. Anti-tumor effect of matrine combined with cisplatin on rat models of cervical cancer. ASIAN PAC J TROP MED 2015; 8:1055-1059. [PMID: 26706679 DOI: 10.1016/j.apjtm.2015.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Revised: 10/20/2015] [Accepted: 11/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To observe the anti-tumor effect of matrine combined with cisplatin on U14 rat models of cervical cancer. METHODS A total of 80 female Kunming rats were used to establish U14 rat models of cervical cancer and then divided into groups I, II, III, IV, with 20 rats in each. For Group I, the control group, injection of normal saline was given around the tumors. For Group II, injection of 2 mg/kg cisplatin was given around the tumors. For Group III, injection of 75 mg/kg matrine was given around the tumors while the combined injection of matrine and cisplatin was given for Group IV with the same doses as Groups II and III. The animals were sacrificed 10 d after the injection and tumors were taken out for the comparisons of tumor weights after injection and calculation of anti-tumor rates, while thymus and spleen were taken for thymus index and spleen index. Blood in eyeball was collected for determination of changes in serum creatinine and urea nitrogen levels. Sections of tumor issue were prepared and morphological changes in tumor tissue cells were observed by using immunohistochemistry technique. RESULTS After injection, the thymus index and spleen index in Groups III and IV were significantly higher than those in Groups I and II (P < 0.05) while the two indexes in Group II were significantly lower than Group I (P < 0.05). The tumor weights in Groups II and IV were significantly smaller than those in Groups I and III (P < 0.05) with significantly higher anti-tumor rates than Groups I and III (P < 0.05). The serum creatinine and urea nitrogen levels in Groups III and IV were significantly lower than Group II (P < 0.05) and the two indicators in Group III were significantly lower than those in Group IV (P < 0.05). The observation under the histological microscope showed densely arranged tumor cells in Group I, growing as a crumby structure and diffuse appearance, with hyperchromatic and large nuclei, and abundant cytoplasm. In the case of Group II, it showed less tumor cells, with extensive degenerative necrosis, sparse arrangement and karyopyknosis as well as karyoclasis. For Group III, necrosis of tumor cells in different sizes and heterogeneous color in nuclei were observed. For Group IV, the number of tumor cells was significantly smaller than Groups I and III and the tumor cells presented an appearance of crumby structure as cancer nests, with more proliferation of connective tissue. CONCLUSIONS The treatment of matrine combined with cisplatin can significantly improve the anti-tumor effect on U14 rats with cervical cancer, which can be a new option for the treatment for cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guan-Li Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yantaishan Hospital Affiliated to Taishan Medical University, Yantai 264000, Shandong Province, PR China
| | - Ling Jiang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yantaishan Hospital Affiliated to Taishan Medical University, Yantai 264000, Shandong Province, PR China.
| | - Qian Yan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yantaishan Hospital Affiliated to Taishan Medical University, Yantai 264000, Shandong Province, PR China
| | - Rong-Hui Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yantaishan Hospital Affiliated to Taishan Medical University, Yantai 264000, Shandong Province, PR China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yantaishan Hospital Affiliated to Taishan Medical University, Yantai 264000, Shandong Province, PR China
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Zou DB, Wei X, Hu RL, Yang XP, Zuo L, Zhang SM, Zhu HQ, Zhou Q, Gui SY, Wang Y. Melatonin inhibits the Migration of Colon Cancer RKO cells by Down-regulating Myosin Light Chain Kinase Expression through Cross-talk with p38 MAPK. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2015; 16:5835-42. [DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2015.16.14.5835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Fan TT, Cheng Y, Wang YF, Gui SY, Chen FH, Zhou Q, Wang Y. A novel all-trans retinoid acid derivative N-(3-trifluoromethyl- phenyl)- retinamide inhibits lung adenocarcinoma A549 cell migration through down-regulating expression of myosin light chain kinase. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2015; 15:7687-92. [PMID: 25292047 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2014.15.18.7687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To observe the effects of a novel all-trans retinoid acid (ATRA) derivative, N-(3-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)- retinamide (ATPR), on lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells and to explore the potential mechanism of ATPR inhibiting of A549 cell migration. MATERIALS AND METHODS The cytotoxicity of ATRA and ATPR on A549 cells was assessed using MTT assay. Wound healing assays were used to analyze the influences of ATRA, ATPR, ML-7 (a highly selective inhibitor of myosin light chain kinase (MLCK)), PMA (an activator of MAPKs) and PD98059 (a selective inhibitor of ERK1/2) on the migration of A549 cells. Expression of MLCK and phosphorylation of myosin light chain (MLC) were assessed by Western blotting. RESULTS ATRA and ATPR inhibited the proliferation of A549 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner, and the effect of ATPR was much more remarkable compared with ATRA. Relative migration rate and migration distance of A549 cells both decreased significantly after treatment with ATPR or ML-7. The effect on cell migration of PD98059 combining ATPR treatment was more notable than that of ATPR alone. Moreover, compared with control groups, the expression levels of MLCK and phosphorylated MLC in A549 cells were both clearly reduced in ATRA and ATPR groups. CONCLUSIONS ATPR could suppress the migration and invasion of A549 cells, and the mechanism might be concerned with down- regulating the expression of MLCK in the ERK-MAPK signaling pathway, pointing to therapeutic prospects in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Ting Fan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China E-mail : ,
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