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LaRosa SK, Stone XA, Fenninger AA, Harshaw NS, Hoffman KM, Moore KG, Perea LL. Effects of Time of Arrival on Trauma Patient Outcomes. Am Surg 2024; 90:2188-2193. [PMID: 38647268 DOI: 10.1177/00031348241248694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Arriving during "off hours" to the hospital can put patients at greater risk of complications or mortality given lesser staff. Our goal was to investigate this in trauma patients with an Injury Severity Score (ISS) of >15. We hypothesized that the patients admitted late at night and/or during the weekend, would have worse outcomes, delays to the operating room (OR), and longer lengths of stay (LOS) compared to those who arrive on a weekday during the day. METHODS We performed a retrospective study from 8/1/2019 to 8/1/2022 of all trauma patients with an ISS >15 at our Level 1 Trauma Center. Patients <18 years, dead on arrival, or transferred out were excluded. Univariate and multivariable analysis were performed comparing weekday vs weekend arrivals, day vs night shift arrivals, and with patients grouped as weekday day, weekday night, weekend day, and weekend night. The primary outcome was mortality. RESULTS 953 patients met inclusion criteria. The patients that arrived on the weekend and at night were significantly younger than their counterparts. A significantly greater percentage of Black patients arrived during night shift. Mortality, hospital LOS, and ICU LOS did not differ based on day or time of arrival. CONCLUSION Contrary to our hypothesis, our study did not find a significant difference in outcomes when evaluating based on a patient's time of arrival. This gives credence that our mature trauma center can provide the same level of care despite the time of a severely injured patient's time of arrival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha K LaRosa
- Department of Surgery, Division of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, Penn Medicine Lancaster General Health, Lancaster, PA, USA
| | - Xander A Stone
- Department of Surgery, Division of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, Penn Medicine Lancaster General Health, Lancaster, PA, USA
| | - Ashley A Fenninger
- Department of Surgery, Division of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, Penn Medicine Lancaster General Health, Lancaster, PA, USA
| | - Nathaniel S Harshaw
- Department of Surgery, Division of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, Penn Medicine Lancaster General Health, Lancaster, PA, USA
| | - Kathryn M Hoffman
- Department of Surgery, Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Katherine G Moore
- Department of Surgery, Division of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, Penn Medicine Lancaster General Health, Lancaster, PA, USA
| | - Lindsey L Perea
- Department of Surgery, Division of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, Penn Medicine Lancaster General Health, Lancaster, PA, USA
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Lin PC, Liu CY, Tzeng IS, Hsieh TH, Chang CY, Hou YT, Chen YL, Chien DS, Yiang GT, Wu MY. The impact of holiday season and weekend effect on traumatic injury mortality: Evidence from a 10-year analysis. Tzu Chi Med J 2022; 35:69-77. [PMID: 36866355 PMCID: PMC9972933 DOI: 10.4103/tcmj.tcmj_20_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Trauma is one of the leading causes of death and its incidence increases annually. The "weekend effect" and "holiday season effect" on traumatic injury mortality remain controversial, whereby traumatic injury patients admitted during weekends and/or holiday season have a higher risk of in-hospital death. The present study is aimed to explore the association between "weekend effect" and "holiday season effect" and mortality in traumatic injury population. Materials and Methods This retrospective descriptive study included patients from the Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital Trauma Database between January 2009 and June 2019. The exclusion criterion was age of < 20 years. The primary outcome was the in-hospital mortality rate. The secondary outcomes included intensive care unit (ICU) admission, ICU re-admission, length of stay (LOS) in the ICU, ICU admission duration ≥ 14 days, total hospital LOS, total hospital LOS ≥ 14 days, need for surgery, and re-operation rate. Results In this study, 11,946 patients were included in the analysis, and 8143 (68.2%) patients were admitted on weekdays, 3050 (25.5%) on weekends, and 753 (6.3%) on holidays. Multivariable logistic regression revealed that the admission day was not associated with an increased risk of in-hospital mortality. In other clinical outcome analyses, we found no significant increase in the risk of in-hospital mortality, ICU admission, ICU LOS ≥ 14 days, or total LOS ≥ 14 days in the weekend and holiday season groups. The subgroup analysis showed that the association between holiday season admission and in-hospital mortality was noted only in the elderly and shock condition populations. The holiday season duration did not differ in terms of in-hospital mortality. Longer holiday season duration was also not associated with an increased risk of in-hospital mortality, ICU LOS ≥14 days, and total LOS ≥14 days. Conclusion In this study, we did not find any evidence that weekend and holiday season admissions in the traumatic injury population were associated with an increased risk of mortality. In other clinical outcome analyses, there was no significant increase in the risk of in-hospital mortality, ICU admission, ICU LOS ≥ 14 days, or total LOS ≥ 14 days in the weekend and holiday season groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Chen Lin
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei, Taiwan,Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Yuan Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei, Taiwan,Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - I-Shiang Tzeng
- Department of Research, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Han Hsieh
- Department of Research, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Yu Chang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei, Taiwan,Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Yueh-Tseng Hou
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei, Taiwan,Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Long Chen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei, Taiwan,Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Da-Sen Chien
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei, Taiwan,Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Giou-Teng Yiang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei, Taiwan,Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Yu Wu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei, Taiwan,Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan,Address for correspondence: Dr. Meng-Yu Wu, Department of Emergency Medicine, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, 289, Jianguo Road, Xindian District, New Taipei, Taiwan. E-mail:
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