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Dong Z, Wang G, Lu S, Dai L, Huang S, Liu Y. Intentional-Deception Detection Based on Facial Muscle Movements in an Interactive Social Context. Pattern Recognit Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.patrec.2022.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Shuster A, Levy DJ. Contribution of self- and other-regarding motives to (dis)honesty. Sci Rep 2020; 10:15844. [PMID: 32985527 PMCID: PMC7522268 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-72255-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Why would people tell the truth when there is an obvious gain in lying and no risk of being caught? Previous work suggests the involvement of two motives, self-interest and regard for others. However, it remains unknown if these motives are related or distinctly contribute to (dis)honesty, and what are the neural instantiations of these motives. Using a modified Message Game task, in which a Sender sends a dishonest (yet profitable) or honest (less profitable) message to a Receiver, we found that these two motives contributed to dishonesty independently. Furthermore, the two motives involve distinct brain networks: the LPFC tracked potential value to self, whereas the rTPJ tracked potential losses to other, and individual differences in motives modulated these neural responses. Finally, activity in the vmPFC represented a balance of the two motives unique to each participant. Taken together, our results suggest that (dis)honest decisions incorporate at least two separate cognitive and neural processes-valuation of potential profits to self and valuation of potential harm to others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Shuster
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
- Coller School of Management, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
| | - Dino J Levy
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Coller School of Management, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Chen ZX, Xue L, Liang CY, Wang LL, Mei W, Zhang Q, Zhao H. Specific marker of feigned memory impairment: The activation of left superior frontal gyrus. J Forensic Leg Med 2015; 36:164-71. [PMID: 26479324 DOI: 10.1016/j.jflm.2015.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Revised: 08/03/2015] [Accepted: 09/04/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Faking memory impairment means normal people complain lots of memory problems without organic damage in forensic assessments. Using alternative forced-choice paradigm, containing digital or autobiographical information, previous neuroimaging studies have indicated that faking memory impairment could cause the activation in the prefrontal and parietal regions, and might involve a fronto-parietal-subcortical circuit. However, it is still unclear whether different memory types have influence on faking or not. Since different memory types, such as long-term memory (LTM) and short-term memory (STM), were found supported by different brain areas, we hypothesized that feigned STM or LTM impairment had distinct neural activation mapping. Besides that, some common neural correlates may act as the general characteristic of feigned memory impairment. To verify this hypothesis, the functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) combined with an alternative word forced-choice paradigm were used in this study. A total of 10 right-handed participants, in this study, had to perform both STW and LTM tasks respectively under answering correctly, answering randomly and feigned memory impairment conditions. Our results indicated that the activation of the left superior frontal gyrus and the left medial frontal gyrus was associated with feigned LTM impairment, whereas the left superior frontal gyrus, the left precuneus and the right anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) were highly activated while feigning STM impairment. Furthermore, an overlapping was found in the left superior frontal gyrus, and it suggested that the activity of the left superior frontal gyrus might be acting as a specific marker of feigned memory impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Xiang Chen
- Faculty of Forensic Medicine, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Li Xue
- Faculty of Forensic Medicine, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chun-Yu Liang
- Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Li-Li Wang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei Mei
- Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Mental Health Center, Medical College, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Hu Zhao
- Faculty of Forensic Medicine, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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Raffard S, Capdevielle D, Boulenger JP, Gely-Nargeot MC, Bayard S. Can individuals with schizophrenia be instructed to deliberately feign memory deficits? Cogn Neuropsychiatry 2015; 19:414-26. [PMID: 24650282 DOI: 10.1080/13546805.2014.896251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Neuropsychological tests are increasingly applied in research studies and clinical practice in psychiatry. In this context, the detection of poor effort is crucial to adequately interpret data. We measured schizophrenia patients' performance on a memory test designed to detect excessive malingering (the "21-Item Test"), before examining whether a second group of schizophrenia patients would excessively malinger on this test when given an incentive to feign memory impairment. METHODS Two independent studies including respectively 49 schizophrenia patients and 100 controls (study 1) and 25 schizophrenia patients and 25 controls (study 2) were conducted. In study 1, participants were asked to complete the 21-Item Test to the best of their ability. In study 2, participants were given a hypothetical scenario in which having a memory impairment would be financially advantageous for them, before completing the 21-Item Test. RESULTS In study 1, no participant scored at levels indicative of excessive malingering. In study 2, 84% of controls but only 36% of patients scored at excessive levels of malingering, and these patients had higher executive functioning than patients who did not excessively malinger, although it should be noted that a significantly greater proportion of patients excessively malingered in study 2 compared to study 1. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that schizophrenia patients do not normally feign excessive memory impairment during psychological testing. Furthermore, they are less able and/or less inclined to excessively malinger than controls in situations where a memory impairment would be advantageous, perhaps indicating a better ability to malinger without detection. Potential clinical implications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphane Raffard
- a Laboratory Epsylon , University Montpellier 3 , EA 4425, Boulevard Henri IV, Montpellier , France
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Jiang W, Liu H, Zeng L, Liao J, Shen H, Luo A, Hu D, Wang W. Decoding the processing of lying using functional connectivity MRI. Behav Brain Funct 2015; 11:1. [PMID: 25595193 PMCID: PMC4316800 DOI: 10.1186/s12993-014-0046-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2014] [Accepted: 12/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Previous functional MRI (fMRI) studies have demonstrated group differences in brain activity between deceptive and honest responses. The functional connectivity network related to lie-telling remains largely uncharacterized. Methods In this study, we designed a lie-telling experiment that emphasized strategy devising. Thirty-two subjects underwent fMRI while responding to questions in a truthful, inverse, or deceitful manner. For each subject, whole-brain functional connectivity networks were constructed from correlations among brain regions for the lie-telling and truth-telling conditions. Then, a multivariate pattern analysis approach was used to distinguish lie-telling from truth-telling based on the functional connectivity networks. Results The classification results demonstrated that lie-telling could be differentiated from truth-telling with an accuracy of 82.81% (85.94% for lie-telling, 79.69% for truth-telling). The connectivities related to the fronto-parietal networks, cerebellum and cingulo-opercular networks are most discriminating, implying crucial roles for these three networks in the processing of deception. Conclusions The current study may shed new light on the neural pattern of deception from a functional integration viewpoint. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12993-014-0046-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weixiong Jiang
- Department of Radiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, P.R. China. .,College of Mechatronics and Automation, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan, 410073, P.R. China. .,Department of Information Science and Engineering, Hunan First Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410205, P.R. China.
| | - Huasheng Liu
- Department of Radiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, P.R. China.
| | - Lingli Zeng
- College of Mechatronics and Automation, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan, 410073, P.R. China.
| | - Jian Liao
- Department of Radiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, P.R. China.
| | - Hui Shen
- College of Mechatronics and Automation, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan, 410073, P.R. China.
| | - Aijing Luo
- Key Laboratory of Medical Information Research (Central South University), College of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, 410083, P.R. China.
| | - Dewen Hu
- College of Mechatronics and Automation, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan, 410073, P.R. China.
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Radiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, P.R. China. .,Key Laboratory of Medical Information Research (Central South University), College of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, 410083, P.R. China.
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Seron X. Lying in neuropsychology. Neurophysiol Clin 2014; 44:389-403. [PMID: 25306079 DOI: 10.1016/j.neucli.2014.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2013] [Revised: 01/22/2014] [Accepted: 04/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The issue of lying occurs in neuropsychology especially when examinations are conducted in a forensic context. When a subject intentionally either presents non-existent deficits or exaggerates their severity to obtain financial or material compensation, this behaviour is termed malingering. Malingering is discussed in the general framework of lying in psychology, and the different procedures used by neuropsychologists to evidence a lack of collaboration at examination are briefly presented and discussed. When a lack of collaboration is observed, specific emphasis is placed on the difficulty in unambiguously establishing that this results from the patient's voluntary decision.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Seron
- Université catholique de Louvain, institut de psychologie, 70, avenue du Cor-de-Chasse, 1170 Bruxelles, Belgium.
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