1
|
Dupont L, Santangelo V, Azevedo RT, Panasiti MS, Aglioti SM. Reputation risk during dishonest social decision-making modulates anterior insular and cingulate cortex activity and connectivity. Commun Biol 2023; 6:475. [PMID: 37120439 PMCID: PMC10148859 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-04827-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023] Open
Abstract
To explore the neural underpinnings of (dis)honest decision making under quasi-ecological conditions, we used an fMRI adapted version of a card game in which deceptive or truthful decisions are made to an opponent, with or without the risk of getting caught by them. Dishonest decisions were associated to increased activity in a cortico-subcortical circuit including the bilateral anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), anterior insula (AI), left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, supplementary motor area, and right caudate. Crucially, deceptive immoral decisions under reputation risk enhanced activity of - and functional connectivity between - the bilateral ACC and left AI, suggesting the need for heightened emotional processing and cognitive control when making immoral decisions under reputation risk. Tellingly, more manipulative individuals required less involvement of the ACC during risky self-gain lies but more involvement during other-gain truths, pointing to the need of cognitive control only when going against one's own moral code.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lennie Dupont
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome and CLN2S@Sapienza, Italian Institute of Technology, Rome, Italy.
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy.
| | - Valerio Santangelo
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
- Department of Philosophy, Social Sciences & Education, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Ruben T Azevedo
- Keynes College, School of Psychology, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent, UK
| | - Maria Serena Panasiti
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome and CLN2S@Sapienza, Italian Institute of Technology, Rome, Italy
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Salvatore Maria Aglioti
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome and CLN2S@Sapienza, Italian Institute of Technology, Rome, Italy.
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wen J, Zheng J, Ma R. Impact of Knowledge Hiding Behaviors on Workplace Invincibility: Mediating Role of Psychological Contract Breach. Front Psychol 2022; 12:809683. [PMID: 35145462 PMCID: PMC8823662 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.809683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, knowledge hiding has gained much popularity in the knowledge management literature. Apart from that, antecedents and consequences of knowledge hiding are being scrutinized at present. There have been many studies on the triggering forces of knowledge hiding; however, the uncivil behaviors at the workplace have led the organizations and employees in trouble due to its possible associating factors, which is well explained by social influence theory. One such factor that this study has identified is knowledge hiding behavior at the workplace. This is a quantitative cross-sectional study based on a survey. The population taken in this study is the middle and low-level managerial staff of the software houses located in China. The respondents were selected based on convenient random sampling, and a sample size of 287 is used in this study. The data collected were employed with the partial least square structural equation modeling using Smart-PLS 3. The findings of this study show that apart from evasive hiding, playing dumb and rationalized hiding plays a significant role in predicting workplace incivility. In addition, psychological contract breach (PCB) has been taken as the mediating variable. The violation of psychological contracts among employees can indulge them in negative feelings that may convert to workplace incivility at any available opportunity of revenge which is well explained by social influence theory. Workplace incivility cannot be completely eradicated from the organizations; however, it can be controlled by making relevant policies. The civility among the employees can be attained by due managerial interventions and training of the employees considering the protection of victims and due punishment to the perpetrator.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junqi Wen
- School of Labor and Human Resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Jiafeng Zheng
- Graduate School of Architecture, Planning and Preservation, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Ruijun Ma
- School of Labor and Human Resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Ruijun Ma,
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Pinti P, Devoto A, Greenhalgh I, Tachtsidis I, Burgess PW, de C Hamilton AF. The role of anterior prefrontal cortex (area 10) in face-to-face deception measured with fNIRS. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2021; 16:129-142. [PMID: 32577765 PMCID: PMC7812627 DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsaa086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Anterior prefrontal cortex (PFC, Brodmann area 10) activations are often, but not always, found in neuroimaging studies investigating deception, and the precise role of this area remains unclear. To explore the role of the PFC in face-to-face deception, we invited pairs of participants to play a card game involving lying and lie detection while we used functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to record brain activity in the PFC. Participants could win points for successfully lying about the value of their cards or for detecting lies. We contrasted patterns of brain activation when the participants either told the truth or lied, when they were either forced into this or did so voluntarily and when they either succeeded or failed to detect a lie. Activation in the anterior PFC was found in both lie production and detection, unrelated to reward. Analysis of cross-brain activation patterns between participants identified areas of the PFC where the lead player’s brain activity synchronized their partner’s later brain activity. These results suggest that during situations that involve close interpersonal interaction, the anterior PFC supports processing widely involved in deception, possibly relating to the demands of monitoring one’s own and other people’s behaviour.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paola Pinti
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK.,Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, London WC1N 3AZ, UK
| | - Andrea Devoto
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, London WC1N 3AZ, UK
| | - Isobel Greenhalgh
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, London WC1N 3AZ, UK
| | - Ilias Tachtsidis
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Paul W Burgess
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, London WC1N 3AZ, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Lin XA, Wang C, Zhou J, Sai L, Fu G. Neural correlates of spontaneous deception in a non-competitive interpersonal scenario: A functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) study. Brain Cogn 2021; 150:105704. [PMID: 33640738 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2021.105704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 11/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to examine neural correlates of spontaneous deception in a non-competitive interpersonal situation, and the difference in neural correlates between spontaneous deception and instructed deception using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). We used a modified poker game in which participants freely decided whether sending a piece of truthful/deceptive information to other participants. In the instructed session, participants sent truthful/deceptive information per the instructions. In this non-competitive interpersonal situation in the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), deception produced higher neural activities than truth-telling. In addition, spontaneous deception exhibited higher neural activities than instructed deception in the frontopolar area, DLPFC, and frontal eye fields. Spontaneous truth-telling produced higher neural activities than instructed truth-telling in frontal eye fields and frontopolar area. This study provides evidence about neural correlates of spontaneous deception during non-competitive interpersonal scenarios and the difference between spontaneous deception and instructed deception.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Allison Lin
- Institutes of Psychological Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Research in Assessment of Cognitive Impairments, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Chongxiang Wang
- Institutes of Psychological Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Institutes of Psychological Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liyang Sai
- Institutes of Psychological Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Research in Assessment of Cognitive Impairments, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Genyue Fu
- Institutes of Psychological Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Research in Assessment of Cognitive Impairments, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China; Department of Psychology, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Liang Y, Fu G, Yu R, Bi Y, Ding XP. The Role of Reward System in Dishonest Behavior: A Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Study. Brain Topogr 2020; 34:64-77. [PMID: 33135142 DOI: 10.1007/s10548-020-00804-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies showed that the cortical reward system plays an important role in deceptive behavior. However, how the reward system activates during the whole course of dishonest behavior and how it affects dishonest decisions remain unclear. The current study investigated these questions. One hundred and two participants were included in the final analysis. They completed two tasks: monetary incentive delay (MID) task and an honesty task. The MID task served as the localizer task and the honesty task was used to measure participants' deceptive behaviors. Participants' spontaneous responses in the honesty task were categorized into three conditions: Correct-Truth condition (tell the truth after guessing correctly), Incorrect-Truth condition (tell the truth after guessing incorrectly), and Incorrect-Lie condition (tell lies after guessing incorrectly). To reduce contamination from neighboring functional regions as well as to increase sensitivity to small effects (Powell et al., Devel Sci 21:e12595, 2018), we adopted the individual functional channel of interest (fCOI) approach to analyze the data. Specially, we identified the channels of interest in the MID task in individual participants and then applied them to the honesty task. The result suggested that the reward system showed different activation patterns during different phases: In the pre-decision phase, the reward system was activated with the winning of the reward. During the decision and feedback phase, the reward system was activated when people made the decisions to be dishonest and when they evaluated the outcome of their decisions. Furthermore, the result showed that neural activity of the reward system toward the outcome of their decision was related to subsequent dishonest behaviors. Thus, the present study confirmed the important role of the reward system in deception. These results can also shed light on how one could use neuroimaging techniques to perform lie-detection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yibiao Liang
- Department of Psychology, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China.,Psychology Department, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Genyue Fu
- Department of Psychology, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Runxin Yu
- Department of Psychology, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China.,Nuralogix (Hangzhou) Artificial Intelligence Company Limited, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yue Bi
- Department of Psychology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xiao Pan Ding
- Department of Psychology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zheltyakova M, Kireev M, Korotkov A, Medvedev S. Neural mechanisms of deception in a social context: an fMRI replication study. Sci Rep 2020; 10:10713. [PMID: 32612101 PMCID: PMC7329834 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-67721-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Deception is a form of manipulation aimed at misleading another person by conveying false or truthful messages. Manipulative truthful statements could be considered as sophisticated deception and elicit an increased cognitive load. However, only one fMRI study reported its neural correlates. To provide independent evidence for sophisticated deception, we carried out an fMRI study replicating the experimental paradigm and Bayesian statistical approach utilized in that study. During the experiment, participants played a game against an opponent by sending deliberate deceptive or honest messages. Compared to truth-telling, deceptive intentions, regardless of how they were fulfilled, were associated with increased BOLD signals in the bilateral temporoparietal junction (TPJ), left precuneus, and right superior temporal sulcus (STS). The right TPJ participates in the attribution of mental states, acting in a social context, and moral behaviour. Moreover, the other revealed brain areas have been considered nodes in the theory of mind brain neural system. Therefore, the obtained results reflect an increased demand for socio‑cognitive processes associated with deceptive intentions. We replicated the original study showing the involvement of the right TPJ and expanded upon it by revealing the involvement of the left TPJ, left precuneus and right STS in actions with deceptive intentions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maya Zheltyakova
- N.P. Bechtereva Institute of the Human Brain, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Maxim Kireev
- N.P. Bechtereva Institute of the Human Brain, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia.
| | - Alexander Korotkov
- N.P. Bechtereva Institute of the Human Brain, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Svyatoslav Medvedev
- N.P. Bechtereva Institute of the Human Brain, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Leue A, Beauducel A. A meta-analysis of the P3 amplitude in tasks requiring deception in legal and social contexts. Brain Cogn 2019; 135:103564. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2019.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/05/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
8
|
Can fMRI discriminate between deception and false memory? A meta-analytic comparison between deception and false memory studies. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2019; 104:43-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
|
9
|
Internal cost of spontaneous deception revealed by ERPs and EEG spectral perturbations. Sci Rep 2019; 9:5402. [PMID: 30931993 PMCID: PMC6443694 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-41962-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Abundant literature has studied the behavioral and neural correlates of deception, but little research has focused on the internal cost of spontaneous deception. In the present study, the event-related potential and event-related spectral perturbations techniques were used to measure the internal cost of spontaneous deception by having participants perform a sender–receiver task in which they decided whether to send deceptive messages to increase their payoff from the task. Several important main findings emerged from this study. We observed a reward positivity (RewP) after senders sent the message, suggesting an integration of reward with associated cost after response in our task. Furthermore, spontaneous deception decreased the amplitude of the RewP and power in the delta and beta bands, whereas it increased the amplitude of power in the theta band, indicating that deception carried an internal cost that devalued individuals’ rewards.
Collapse
|
10
|
Cui F, Wu S, Wu H, Wang C, Jiao C, Luo Y. Altruistic and self-serving goals modulate behavioral and neural responses in deception. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2018; 13:63-71. [PMID: 29149322 PMCID: PMC5793826 DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsx138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
People tell lies not only for their own self-interests but sometimes also to help others. Little is known about the ways in which different types of goals modulate behaviors and neural responses in deception. The present study investigated the neural processes associated with spontaneous deception that occurs with altruistic reasons (i.e. the money would be donated to charity), self-serving reasons (i.e. the participant receives all of the money) and mixed goals (i.e. the money would be equally split between the participant and the charity). Altruistic motivation for deception reduced the intensity of moral conflict and the subsequent mental cost of resolving this conflict, reflected by a smaller N2–P3 effect in the purely altruistic condition. When making decisions about whether to lie, self-interest was a stronger motivator than others’ interests, and the participants tended to lie more for themselves than for others. When the lie could be mutually beneficial for both of the self and others, the participants tended to lie even when they knew that they could be easily caught, but they actually lied for their own self-interest rather than for altruistic reasons. These findings shed light on the neural basis of ‘good lies’ and decision-making in mutually beneficial situations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fang Cui
- College of Psychology and Sociology.,Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Affective and Social Cognitive Science, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Song Wu
- College of Psychology and Sociology
| | - Haiyan Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | | | - Can Jiao
- College of Psychology and Sociology
| | - Yuejia Luo
- College of Psychology and Sociology.,Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Affective and Social Cognitive Science, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.,Shenzhen Institute of Neuroscience, Shenzhen, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Aljawarneh NMS, Atan T. Linking Tolerance to Workplace Incivility, Service Innovative, Knowledge Hiding, and Job Search Behavior: The Mediating Role of Employee Cynicism. NEGOTIATION AND CONFLICT MANAGEMENT RESEARCH 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/ncmr.12136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nader Mohammad Saleh Aljawarneh
- Department of Business Administration; Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences; Cyprus International University; Lefkosa Cyprus
| | - Tarik Atan
- Department of Business Administration; Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences; Cyprus International University; Lefkosa Cyprus
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Matsuda I, Nittono H. A concealment-specific frontal negative slow wave is generated from the right prefrontal cortex in the Concealed Information Test. Biol Psychol 2018; 135:194-203. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2018.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Revised: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
13
|
Bègue I, Blakemore R, Klug J, Cojan Y, Galli S, Berney A, Aybek S, Vuilleumier P. Metacognition of visuomotor decisions in conversion disorder. Neuropsychologia 2018; 114:251-265. [PMID: 29698734 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2018.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Revised: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Motor conversion disorder (CD) entails genuine disturbances in the subjective experience of patients who maintain they are unable to perform a motor function, despite lack of apparent neurological damage. Abilities by which individuals assess their own capacities during performance in a task are called metacognitive, and distinctive impairment of such abilities is observed in several disorders of self-awareness such as blindsight and anosognosia. In CD, previous research has focused on the recruitment of motor and emotional brain systems, generally linking symptoms to altered limbic-motor interactions; however, metacognitive function has not been studied to our knowledge. Here we tested ten CD patients and ten age-gender matched controls during a visually-guided motor paradigm, previously employed in healthy controls (HC), allowing us to probe for motor awareness and metacognition. Participants had to draw straight trajectories towards a visual target while, unbeknownst to them, deviations were occasionally introduced in the reaching trajectory seen on the screen. Participants then reported both awareness of deviations and confidence in their response. Activity in premotor and cingulate cortex distinguished between conscious and unconscious movement corrections in controls better than patients. Critically, whereas controls engaged the left superior precuneus and middle temporal region during confidence judgments, CD patients recruited bilateral parahippocampal and amygdalo-hippocampal regions instead. These results reveal that distinct brain regions subserve metacognitive monitoring for HC and CD, pointing to different mechanisms and sources of information used to monitor and form confidence judgments of motor performance. While brain systems involved in sensory-motor integration and vision are more engaged in controls, CD patients may preferentially rely on memory and contextual associative processing, possibly accounting for how affect and memories can imbue current motor experience in these patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Indrit Bègue
- Laboratory of Neurology and Imaging of Cognition, Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, University of Geneva, Switzerland; Swiss Center for Affective Studies, University of Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry, University Hospitals of Geneva, Switzerland; Geneva Neuroscience Center, University of Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Rebekah Blakemore
- Laboratory of Neurology and Imaging of Cognition, Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, University of Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Julian Klug
- Laboratory of Neurology and Imaging of Cognition, Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, University of Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Yann Cojan
- Laboratory of Neurology and Imaging of Cognition, Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, University of Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Silvio Galli
- Laboratory of Neurology and Imaging of Cognition, Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, University of Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Alexandre Berney
- Service of Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Selma Aybek
- Laboratory of Neurology and Imaging of Cognition, Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, University of Geneva, Switzerland; Geneva Neuroscience Center, University of Geneva, Switzerland; Neurology Department, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Patrik Vuilleumier
- Laboratory of Neurology and Imaging of Cognition, Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, University of Geneva, Switzerland; Swiss Center for Affective Studies, University of Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry, University Hospitals of Geneva, Switzerland; Geneva Neuroscience Center, University of Geneva, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Kireev M, Korotkov A, Medvedeva N, Masharipov R, Medvedev S. Deceptive but Not Honest Manipulative Actions Are Associated with Increased Interaction between Middle and Inferior Frontal gyri. Front Neurosci 2017; 11:482. [PMID: 28912675 PMCID: PMC5583606 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2017.00482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The prefrontal cortex is believed to be responsible for execution of deceptive behavior and its involvement is associated with greater cognitive efforts. It is also generally assumed that deception is associated with the inhibition of default honest actions. However, the precise neurophysiological mechanisms underlying this process remain largely unknown. The present study was aimed to use functional magnetic resonance imaging to reveal the underlying functional integration within the prefrontal cortex during the task which requires that subjects to deliberately mislead an opponent through the sequential execution of deceptive and honest claims. To address this issue, we performed psychophysiological interaction (PPI) analysis, which allows for statistical assessment of changes in functional relationships between active brain areas in changing psychological contexts. As a result the whole brain PPI-analysis established that both manipulative honest and deceptive claiming were associated with an increase in connectivity between the left middle frontal gyrus and right temporo-parietal junction (rTPJ). Taking into account the role played by rTPJ in processes associated with the theory of mind the revealed data can reflect possible influence of socio-cognitive context on the process of selecting manipulative claiming regardless their honest or deceptive nature. Direct comparison between deceptive and honest claims revealed pattern enhancement of coupling between the left middle frontal gyrus and the left inferior frontal gyrus. This finding provided evidence that the execution of deception relies to a greater extent on higher-order hierarchically-organized brain mechanisms of executive control required to select between two competing deceptive or honest task sets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maxim Kireev
- N.P. Bechtereva Institute of the Human Brain, Russian Academy of SciencesSt. Petersburg, Russia
- Faculty of Liberal Arts and Sciences, St. Petersburg State UniversitySt. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Alexander Korotkov
- N.P. Bechtereva Institute of the Human Brain, Russian Academy of SciencesSt. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Natalia Medvedeva
- N.P. Bechtereva Institute of the Human Brain, Russian Academy of SciencesSt. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Ruslan Masharipov
- N.P. Bechtereva Institute of the Human Brain, Russian Academy of SciencesSt. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Svyatoslav Medvedev
- N.P. Bechtereva Institute of the Human Brain, Russian Academy of SciencesSt. Petersburg, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Fu H, Qiu W, Ma H, Ma Q. Neurocognitive mechanisms underlying deceptive hazard evaluation: An event-related potentials investigation. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0182892. [PMID: 28793344 PMCID: PMC5549904 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0182892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Deceptive behavior is common in human social interactions. Researchers have been trying to uncover the cognitive process and neural basis underlying deception due to its theoretical and practical significance. We used Event-related potentials (ERPs) to investigate the neural correlates of deception when the participants completed a hazard judgment task. Pictures conveying or not conveying hazard information were presented to the participants who were then requested to discriminate the hazard content (safe or hazardous) and make a response corresponding to the cues (truthful or deceptive). Behavioral and electrophysiological data were recorded during the entire experiment. Results showed that deceptive responses, compared to truthful responses, were associated with longer reaction time (RT), lower accuracy, increased N2 and reduced late positive potential (LPP), suggesting a cognitively more demanding process to respond deceptively. The decrement in LPP correlated negatively with the increment in RT for deceptive relative to truthful responses, regardless of hazard content. In addition, hazardous information evoked larger N1 and P300 than safe information, reflecting an early processing bias and a later evaluative categorization process based on motivational significance, respectively. Finally, the interaction between honesty (truthful/deceptive) and safety (safe/hazardous) on accuracy and LPP indicated that deceptive responses towards safe information required more effort than deceptive responses towards hazardous information. Overall, these results demonstrate the neurocognitive substrates underlying deception about hazard information.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huijian Fu
- School of Management, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- Laboratory of Managerial Psychology and Behavior, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenwei Qiu
- School of Management, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiying Ma
- School of Management, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- Laboratory of Managerial Psychology and Behavior, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingguo Ma
- Institute of Neural Management Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Neuromanagement Laboratory, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Noguchi Y, Oizumi R. Electric stimulation of the right temporo-parietal junction induces a task-specific effect in deceptive behaviors. Neurosci Res 2017; 128:33-39. [PMID: 28728912 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2017.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Revised: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
How the brain generates a lie is an important and unsolved issue in neuroscience. Previous studies indicated that mentalizing, the ability to understand and manipulate the mental states of others, plays a critical role in successful deception. Accordingly, recent neuroimaging studies reported deception-related activity in the right temporo-parietal junction (rTPJ), a brain region closely related to the mentalizing ability. Detailed functions of rTPJ in deception, however, remain unclear. In the present study, we investigated a causal relationship between rTPJ and deception using transcranial direct-current stimulation (tDCS). Subjects received anodal tDCS to their rTPJ or V1 (control) and then performed three tasks in which they aimed to deceive another participant to get monetary rewards. In one of the three tasks, we found a significant decrease in a rate of successful deception when rTPJ was stimulated, indicating that neural enhancement of rTPJ caused poorer (not better) deceptive performances. Our results suggest that, in some tasks involving selfish (money-motivated) lying, neural processing in rTPJ does not contribute to successful deception through the metalizing ability. Rather, it would be related to the self-monitoring of morally-unacceptable behaviors (lying). The neural enhancement of rTPJ therefore increased the psychological resistance to lying, resulting in poorer deceptive performances.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasuki Noguchi
- Department of Psychology, Graduate School of Humanities, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe 657-8501, Japan.
| | - Rei Oizumi
- Department of Psychology, Graduate School of Humanities, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Yin L, Hu Y, Dynowski D, Li J, Weber B. The good lies: Altruistic goals modulate processing of deception in the anterior insula. Hum Brain Mapp 2017; 38:3675-3690. [PMID: 28432782 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.23623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2016] [Revised: 03/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
When it comes to lies, the beneficiaries of one's dishonesty play an important role in the decision-making process. Altruistic lies that are made with the intention of benefiting others are a specific type of lies and very common in real life. While it has been shown that altruistic goals influence (dis)honest behaviors, the neural substrates of this effect is still unknown. To reveal how the brain integrates altruistic goals into (dis)honest decisions, this study used functional magnetic resonance imaging to examine the neural activity of participants in a real incentivized context while they were making (dis)honest decisions. We manipulated the beneficiaries of individuals' decisions (self vs. a charity) and whether the choices of higher payoffs involved deception or not. While finding that participants lied more often to benefit charities than for themselves, we observed that the altruistic goal of benefiting a charity, compared with the self-serving goal, reduced the activity in the anterior insula (AI) when lying to achieve higher payoffs. Furthermore, the degree of altruistic goal-induced reduction of AI activity was positively correlated with the degree of altruistic goal-induced reduction of honesty concerns. These results suggest that the AI serves as a neural hub in modulating the effect of altruistic goals on deception, which shed light on the underlying neural mechanism of altruistic lies. Hum Brain Mapp 38:3675-3690, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Yin
- Department of Psychology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.,Center for Economics and Neuroscience, University of Bonn, Bonn, 53127, Germany.,Department of Epileptology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, 53127, Germany
| | - Yang Hu
- Center for Economics and Neuroscience, University of Bonn, Bonn, 53127, Germany
| | - Dennis Dynowski
- Department of Psychology, University of Bonn, Bonn, 53111, Germany
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Psychology and Beijing Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.,PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Bernd Weber
- Center for Economics and Neuroscience, University of Bonn, Bonn, 53127, Germany.,Department of Epileptology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, 53127, Germany.,Department of NeuroCognition/Imaging, Life&Brain Research Center, Bonn, 53127, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Shen Q, Teo M, Winter E, Hart E, Chew SH, Ebstein RP. To Cheat or Not To Cheat: Tryptophan Hydroxylase 2 SNP Variants Contribute to Dishonest Behavior. Front Behav Neurosci 2016; 10:82. [PMID: 27199691 PMCID: PMC4852200 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2016.00082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 04/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Although, lying (bear false witness) is explicitly prohibited in the Decalogue and a focus of interest in philosophy and theology, more recently the behavioral and neural mechanisms of deception are gaining increasing attention from diverse fields especially economics, psychology, and neuroscience. Despite the considerable role of heredity in explaining individual differences in deceptive behavior, few studies have investigated which specific genes contribute to the heterogeneity of lying behavior across individuals. Also, little is known concerning which specific neurotransmitter pathways underlie deception. Toward addressing these two key questions, we implemented a neurogenetic strategy and modeled deception by an incentivized die-under-cup task in a laboratory setting. The results of this exploratory study provide provisional evidence that SNP variants across the tryptophan hydroxylase 2 (TPH2) gene, that encodes the rate-limiting enzyme in the biosynthesis of brain serotonin, contribute to individual differences in deceptive behavior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Shen
- College of Economics and Management, Zhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou, China; Department of Management Science and Engineering, School of Management, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou, China
| | - Meijun Teo
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, National University of Singapore Singapore, Singapore
| | - Eyal Winter
- Center for the Study of Rationality, Hebrew UniversityJerusalem, Israel; Department of Economics, Hebrew UniversityJerusalem, Israel
| | - Einav Hart
- Philosophy, Politics and Economics Program, University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Soo H Chew
- Department of Economics, Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, National University of SingaporeSingapore, Singapore; Lab for Behavioral Biological × Economics and the Social Science, National University of SingaporeSingapore, Singapore
| | - Richard P Ebstein
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, National University of SingaporeSingapore, Singapore; Lab for Behavioral Biological × Economics and the Social Science, National University of SingaporeSingapore, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Sun D, Lee TMC, Wang Z, Chan CCH. Unfolding the Spatial and Temporal Neural Processing of Making Dishonest Choices. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0153660. [PMID: 27096474 PMCID: PMC4838301 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0153660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 04/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
To understand the neural processing that underpins dishonest behavior in an economic exchange game task, this study employed both functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and event-related potential (ERP) methodologies to examine the neural conditions of 25 participants while they were making either dishonest or honest choices. It was discovered that dishonest choices, contrary to honest choices, elicited stronger fMRI activations in bilateral striatum and anterior insula. It also induced fluctuations in ERP amplitudes within two time windows, which are 270–30 milliseconds before and 110–290 milliseconds after the response, respectively. Importantly, when making either dishonest or honest choices, human and computer counterparts were associated with distinct fMRI activations in the left insula and different ERP amplitudes at medial and right central sites from 80 milliseconds before to 250 milliseconds after the response. These results support the hypothesis that there would be distinct neural processing during making dishonest decisions, especially when the subject considers the interests of the counterpart. Furthermore, the fMRI and ERP findings, together with ERP source reconstruction, clearly delineate the temporal sequence of the neural processes of a dishonest decision: the striatum is activated before response, then the left insula is involved around the time of response, and finally the thalamus is activated after response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Delin Sun
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Laboratory of Cognitive Affective Neuroscience, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tatia M. C. Lee
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Laboratory of Cognitive Affective Neuroscience, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- The State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- * E-mail: (TMCL); (CCHC)
| | - Zhaoxin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics (MOE & STCSM), Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chetwyn C. H. Chan
- Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
- * E-mail: (TMCL); (CCHC)
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Yin L, Weber B. Can beneficial ends justify lying? Neural responses to the passive reception of lies and truth-telling with beneficial and harmful monetary outcomes. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2015; 11:423-32. [PMID: 26454816 DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsv127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2015] [Accepted: 10/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Can beneficial ends justify morally questionable means? To investigate how monetary outcomes influence the neural responses to lying, we used a modified, cheap talk sender-receiver game in which participants were the direct recipients of lies and truthful statements resulting in either beneficial or harmful monetary outcomes. Both truth-telling (vs lying) as well as beneficial (vs harmful) outcomes elicited higher activity in the nucleus accumbens. Lying (vs truth-telling) elicited higher activity in the supplementary motor area, right inferior frontal gyrus, superior temporal sulcus and left anterior insula. Moreover, the significant interaction effect was found in the left amygdala, which showed that the monetary outcomes modulated the neural activity in the left amygdala only when truth-telling rather than lying. Our study identified a neural network associated with the reception of lies and truth, including the regions linked to the reward process, recognition and emotional experiences of being treated (dis)honestly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Yin
- Center for Economics and Neuroscience (CENs), University of Bonn, Nachtigallenweg 86, Department of Epileptology, University Hospital Bonn, and
| | - Bernd Weber
- Center for Economics and Neuroscience (CENs), University of Bonn, Nachtigallenweg 86, Department of Epileptology, University Hospital Bonn, and Life & Brain Center, Department of NeuroCognition, University of Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Sun D, Chan CC, Hu Y, Wang Z, Lee TM. Neural correlates of outcome processing post dishonest choice: An fMRI and ERP study. Neuropsychologia 2015; 68:148-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2015.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2014] [Revised: 12/19/2014] [Accepted: 01/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
|