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Size and Fluorescence Properties of Algal Photosynthetic Antenna Proteins Estimated by Microscopy. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23020778. [PMID: 35054961 PMCID: PMC8775774 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Antenna proteins play a major role in the regulation of light-harvesting in photosynthesis. However, less is known about a possible link between their sizes (oligomerization state) and fluorescence intensity (number of photons emitted). Here, we used a microscopy-based method, Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy (FCS), to analyze different antenna proteins at the particle level. The direct comparison indicated that Chromera Light Harvesting (CLH) antenna particles (isolated from Chromera velia) behaved as the monomeric Light Harvesting Complex II (LHCII) (from higher plants), in terms of their radius (based on the diffusion time) and fluorescence yields. FCS data thus indicated a monomeric oligomerization state of algal CLH antenna (at our experimental conditions) that was later confirmed also by biochemical experiments. Additionally, our data provide a proof of concept that the FCS method is well suited to measure proteins sizes (oligomerization state) and fluorescence intensities (photon counts) of antenna proteins per single particle (monomers and oligomers). We proved that antenna monomers (CLH and LHCIIm) are more "quenched" than the corresponding trimers. The FCS measurement thus represents a useful experimental approach that allows studying the role of antenna oligomerization in the mechanism of photoprotection.
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2
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Wolf BM, Blankenship RE. Far-red light acclimation in diverse oxygenic photosynthetic organisms. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2019; 142:349-359. [PMID: 31222688 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-019-00653-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Oxygenic photosynthesis has historically been considered limited to be driven by the wavelengths of visible light. However, in the last few decades, various adaptations have been discovered that allow algae, cyanobacteria, and even plants to utilize longer wavelength light in the far-red spectral range. These adaptations provide distinct advantages to the species possessing them, allowing the effective utilization of shade light under highly filtered light environments. In prokaryotes, these adaptations include the production of far-red-absorbing chlorophylls d and f and the remodeling of phycobilisome antennas and reaction centers. Eukaryotes express specialized light-harvesting pigment-protein complexes that use interactions between pigments and their protein environment to spectrally tune the absorption of chlorophyll a. If these adaptations could be applied to crop plants, a potentially significant increase in photon utilization in lower shaded leaves could be realized, improving crop yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin M Wolf
- Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA.
| | - Robert E Blankenship
- Departments of Biology and Chemistry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
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3
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Litvín R, Bína D, Herbstová M, Pazderník M, Kotabová E, Gardian Z, Trtílek M, Prášil O, Vácha F. Red-shifted light-harvesting system of freshwater eukaryotic alga Trachydiscus minutus (Eustigmatophyta, Stramenopila). PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2019; 142:137-151. [PMID: 31375979 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-019-00662-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Survival of phototrophic organisms depends on their ability to collect and convert enough light energy to support their metabolism. Phototrophs can extend their absorption cross section by using diverse pigments and by tuning the properties of these pigments via pigment-pigment and pigment-protein interaction. It is well known that some cyanobacteria can grow in heavily shaded habitats by utilizing far-red light harvested with far-red-absorbing chlorophylls d and f. We describe a red-shifted light-harvesting system based on chlorophyll a from a freshwater eustigmatophyte alga Trachydiscus minutus (Eustigmatophyceae, Goniochloridales). A comprehensive characterization of the photosynthetic apparatus of T. minutus is presented. We show that thylakoid membranes of T. minutus contain light-harvesting complexes of several sizes differing in the relative amount of far-red chlorophyll a forms absorbing around 700 nm. The pigment arrangement of the major red-shifted light-harvesting complex is similar to that of the red-shifted antenna of a marine alveolate alga Chromera velia. Evolutionary aspects of the algal far-red light-harvesting complexes are discussed. The presence of these antennas in eustigmatophyte algae opens up new ways to modify organisms of this promising group for effective use of far-red light in mass cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radek Litvín
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 1760, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
- Biology Centre, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Branišovská 31, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - David Bína
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 1760, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
- Biology Centre, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Branišovská 31, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
| | - Miroslava Herbstová
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 1760, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
- Biology Centre, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Branišovská 31, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Marek Pazderník
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 1760, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
- Institute of Microbiology, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Opatovický mlýn, 379 81, Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Kotabová
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 1760, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
- Institute of Microbiology, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Opatovický mlýn, 379 81, Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - Zdenko Gardian
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 1760, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
- Biology Centre, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Branišovská 31, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Trtílek
- PSI (Photon Systems Instruments), spol. s r.o. Drásov 470, 664 24, Drásov, Czech Republic
| | - Ondřej Prášil
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 1760, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
- Institute of Microbiology, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Opatovický mlýn, 379 81, Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - František Vácha
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 1760, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
- Biology Centre, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Branišovská 31, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
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4
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Büchel C. Light harvesting complexes in chlorophyll c-containing algae. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2019; 1861:148027. [PMID: 31153887 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2019.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Besides the so-called 'green lineage' of eukaryotic photosynthetic organisms that include vascular plants, a huge variety of different algal groups exist that also harvest light by means of membrane intrinsic light harvesting proteins (Lhc). The main taxa of these algae are the Cryptophytes, Haptophytes, Dinophytes, Chromeridae and the Heterokonts, the latter including diatoms, brown algae, Xanthophyceae and Eustigmatophyceae amongst others. Despite the similarity in Lhc proteins between vascular plants and these algae, pigmentation is significantly different since no Chl b is bound, but often replaced by Chl c, and a large diversity in carotenoids functioning in light harvesting and/or photoprotection is present. Due to the presence of Chl c in most of the taxa the name 'Chl c-containing organisms' has become common, however, Chl b-less is more precise since some harbour Lhc proteins that only bind one type of Chl, Chl a. In recent years huge progress has been made about the occurrence and function of Lhc in diatoms, so-called fucoxanthin chlorophyll proteins (FCP), where also the first molecular structure became available recently. In addition, especially energy transfer amongst the unusual pigments bound was intensively studied in many of these groups. This review summarises the present knowledge about the molecular structure, the arrangement of the different Lhc in complexes, the excitation energy transfer abilities and the involvement in photoprotection of the different Lhc systems in the so-called Chl c-containing organisms. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Light harvesting, edited by Dr. Roberta Croce.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Büchel
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue Straße 9, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany.
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Kuthanová Trsková E, Belgio E, Yeates AM, Sobotka R, Ruban AV, Kaňa R. Antenna proton sensitivity determines photosynthetic light harvesting strategy. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2018; 69:4483-4493. [PMID: 29955883 PMCID: PMC6093471 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ery240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Photoprotective non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) represents an effective way to dissipate the light energy absorbed in excess by most phototrophs. It is often claimed that NPQ formation/relaxation kinetics are determined by xanthophyll composition. We, however, found that, for the alveolate alga Chromera velia, this is not the case. In the present paper, we investigated the reasons for the constitutive high rate of quenching displayed by the alga by comparing its light harvesting strategies with those of a model phototroph, the land plant Spinacia oleracea. Experimental results and in silico studies support the idea that fast quenching is due not to xanthophylls, but to intrinsic properties of the Chromera light harvesting complex (CLH) protein, related to amino acid composition and protein folding. The pKa for CLH quenching was shifted by 0.5 units to a higher pH compared with higher plant antennas (light harvesting complex II; LHCII). We conclude that, whilst higher plant LHCIIs are better suited for light harvesting, CLHs are 'natural quenchers' ready to switch into a dissipative state. We propose that organisms with antenna proteins intrinsically more sensitive to protons, such as C. velia, carry a relatively high concentration of violaxanthin to improve their light harvesting. In contrast, higher plants need less violaxanthin per chlorophyll because LHCII proteins are more efficient light harvesters and instead require co-factors such as zeaxanthin and PsbS to accelerate and enhance quenching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliška Kuthanová Trsková
- Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Opatovický mlýn, Třeboň, Czech Republic
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Science, Branišovská, České Budějovice, Czech republic
| | - Erica Belgio
- Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Opatovický mlýn, Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - Anna M Yeates
- Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Opatovický mlýn, Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - Roman Sobotka
- Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Opatovický mlýn, Třeboň, Czech Republic
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Science, Branišovská, České Budějovice, Czech republic
| | - Alexander V Ruban
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Radek Kaňa
- Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Opatovický mlýn, Třeboň, Czech Republic
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Science, Branišovská, České Budějovice, Czech republic
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Umetani I, Kunugi M, Yokono M, Takabayashi A, Tanaka A. Evidence of the supercomplex organization of photosystem II and light-harvesting complexes in Nannochloropsis granulata. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2018; 136:49-61. [PMID: 28856533 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-017-0438-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 08/27/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Diverse light-harvesting complexes (LHCs) have been found in photosynthetic microalgae that originated from secondary endosymbiosis involving primary red algae. However, the associations between LHCs and photosystem I (PSI) and photosystem II (PSII) in these microalgae are not fully understood. Eustigmatophyta is a red algal lineage that appears to have a unique organization in its photosynthetic machinery, consisting of only chlorophyll a and carotenoids that are atypical compared with other closely related groups. In this study, the supramolecular organization of pigment-protein complexes in the eustigmatophyte alga, Nannochloropsis granulata was investigated using Clear Native (CN) PAGE coupled with two-dimensional (2D) SDS-PAGE. Our results showed two slowly migrating green bands that corresponded to PSII supercomplexes, which consisted of reaction centers and LHCs. These green bands were also characterized as PSII complexes by their low temperature fluorescence emission spectra. The protein subunits of the PSII-LHC resolved by 2D CN/SDS-PAGE were analyzed by mass spectrometry, and four different LHC proteins were identified. Phylogenetic analysis of the identified LHC protein sequences revealed that they belonged to four different Lhc groups; (1) stress-related Lhcx proteins, (2) fucoxanthin chlorophyll a/c-binding Lhcf proteins, (3) red-shifted Chromera light-harvesting proteins (Red-CLH), and (4) Lhcr proteins, which are commonly found in organisms possessing red algal plastids. This is the first report showing evidence of a pigment-protein supercomplex consisting of PSII and LHCs, and to identify PSII-associated LHC proteins in Nannochloropsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ikumi Umetani
- Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University, N19 W8 Kita-Ku, Sapporo, 060-0819, Japan
- Department of Natural Sciences and Environmental Health, University College of Southeast Norway, Gullbringvegen 36, 3880, Bø, Norway
| | - Motoshi Kunugi
- Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University, N19 W8 Kita-Ku, Sapporo, 060-0819, Japan
| | - Makio Yokono
- Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University, N19 W8 Kita-Ku, Sapporo, 060-0819, Japan
| | - Atsushi Takabayashi
- Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University, N19 W8 Kita-Ku, Sapporo, 060-0819, Japan.
| | - Ayumi Tanaka
- Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University, N19 W8 Kita-Ku, Sapporo, 060-0819, Japan
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7
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Khoroshyy P, Bína D, Gardian Z, Litvín R, Alster J, Pšenčík J. Quenching of chlorophyll triplet states by carotenoids in algal light-harvesting complexes related to fucoxanthin-chlorophyll protein. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2018; 135:213-225. [PMID: 28669083 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-017-0416-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 06/16/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We have used time-resolved absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy with nanosecond resolution to study triplet energy transfer from chlorophylls to carotenoids in a protective process that prevents the formation of reactive singlet oxygen. The light-harvesting complexes studied were isolated from Chromera velia, belonging to a group Alveolata, and Xanthonema debile and Nannochloropsis oceanica, both from Stramenopiles. All three light-harvesting complexes are related to fucoxanthin-chlorophyll protein, but contain only chlorophyll a and no chlorophyll c. In addition, they differ in the carotenoid content. This composition of the complexes allowed us to study the quenching of chlorophyll a triplet states by different carotenoids in a comparable environment. The triplet states of chlorophylls bound to the light-harvesting complexes were quenched by carotenoids with an efficiency close to 100%. Carotenoid triplet states were observed to rise with a ~5 ns lifetime and were spectrally and kinetically homogeneous. The triplet states were formed predominantly on the red-most chlorophylls and were quenched by carotenoids which were further identified or at least spectrally characterized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petro Khoroshyy
- Department of Chemical Physics and Optics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, 121 16, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - David Bína
- Biological Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Zdenko Gardian
- Biological Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Radek Litvín
- Biological Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Alster
- Department of Chemical Physics and Optics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, 121 16, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Pšenčík
- Department of Chemical Physics and Optics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, 121 16, Prague 2, Czech Republic.
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8
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Wolf BM, Niedzwiedzki DM, Magdaong NCM, Roth R, Goodenough U, Blankenship RE. Characterization of a newly isolated freshwater Eustigmatophyte alga capable of utilizing far-red light as its sole light source. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2018; 135:177-189. [PMID: 28547584 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-017-0401-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Oxygenic phototrophs typically utilize visible light (400-700 nm) to drive photosynthesis. However, a large fraction of the energy in sunlight is contained in the far-red region, which encompasses light beyond 700 nm. In nature, certain niche environments contain high levels of this far-red light due to filtering by other phototrophs, and in these environments, organisms with photosynthetic antenna systems adapted to absorbing far-red light are able to thrive. We used selective far-red light conditions to isolate such organisms in environmental samples. One cultured organism, the Eustigmatophyte alga Forest Park Isolate 5 (FP5), is able to absorb far-red light using a chlorophyll (Chl) a-containing antenna complex, and is able to grow under solely far-red light. Here we characterize the antenna system from this organism, which is able to shift the absorption of Chl a to >705 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin M Wolf
- Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, 1 Brookings Dr., St. Louis, MO, USA
- Photosynthetic Antenna Research Center, Washington University in St. Louis, 1 Brookings Dr., St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University in St. Louis, 1 Brookings Dr., St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Dariusz M Niedzwiedzki
- Photosynthetic Antenna Research Center, Washington University in St. Louis, 1 Brookings Dr., St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Nikki Cecil M Magdaong
- Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, 1 Brookings Dr., St. Louis, MO, USA
- Photosynthetic Antenna Research Center, Washington University in St. Louis, 1 Brookings Dr., St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University in St. Louis, 1 Brookings Dr., St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Robyn Roth
- Washington University Center for Cellular Imaging, Washington University in St. Louis, 1 Brookings Dr., St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Ursula Goodenough
- Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, 1 Brookings Dr., St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Robert E Blankenship
- Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, 1 Brookings Dr., St. Louis, MO, USA.
- Photosynthetic Antenna Research Center, Washington University in St. Louis, 1 Brookings Dr., St. Louis, MO, USA.
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University in St. Louis, 1 Brookings Dr., St. Louis, MO, USA.
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9
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Belgio E, Trsková E, Kotabová E, Ewe D, Prášil O, Kaňa R. High light acclimation of Chromera velia points to photoprotective NPQ. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2018; 135:263-274. [PMID: 28405863 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-017-0385-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
It has previously been shown that the long-term treatment of Arabidopsis thaliana with the chloroplast inhibitor lincomycin leads to photosynthetic membranes enriched in antennas, strongly reduced in photosystem II reaction centers (PSII) and with enhanced nonphotochemical quenching (NPQ) (Belgio et al. Biophys J 102:2761-2771, 2012). Here, a similar physiological response was found in the microalga Chromera velia grown under high light (HL). In comparison to cells acclimated to low light, HL cells displayed a severe re-organization of the photosynthetic membrane characterized by (1) a reduction of PSII but similar antenna content; (2) partial uncoupling of antennas from PSII; (3) enhanced NPQ. The decrease in the number of PSII represents a rather unusual acclimation response compared to other phototrophs, where a smaller PSII antenna size is more commonly found under high light. Despite the diminished PSII content, no net damage could be detected on the basis of the Photosynthesis versus irradiance curve and electron transport rates pointing at the excess capacity of PSII. We therefore concluded that the photoinhibition is minimized under high light by a lower PSII content and that cells are protected by NPQ in the antennas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica Belgio
- Centre Algatech, Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Opatovický mlýn, 379 81, Třeboň, Czech Republic.
| | - Eliška Trsková
- Centre Algatech, Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Opatovický mlýn, 379 81, Třeboň, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 31, 37005, Czech Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Kotabová
- Centre Algatech, Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Opatovický mlýn, 379 81, Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - Daniela Ewe
- Centre Algatech, Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Opatovický mlýn, 379 81, Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - Ondřej Prášil
- Centre Algatech, Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Opatovický mlýn, 379 81, Třeboň, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 31, 37005, Czech Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Radek Kaňa
- Centre Algatech, Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Opatovický mlýn, 379 81, Třeboň, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 31, 37005, Czech Budejovice, Czech Republic
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10
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Extensive gain and loss of photosystem I subunits in chromerid algae, photosynthetic relatives of apicomplexans. Sci Rep 2017; 7:13214. [PMID: 29038514 PMCID: PMC5643376 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-13575-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In oxygenic photosynthesis the initial photochemical processes are carried out by photosystem I (PSI) and II (PSII). Although subunit composition varies between cyanobacterial and plastid photosystems, the core structures of PSI and PSII are conserved throughout photosynthetic eukaryotes. So far, the photosynthetic complexes have been characterised in only a small number of organisms. We performed in silico and biochemical studies to explore the organization and evolution of the photosynthetic apparatus in the chromerids Chromera velia and Vitrella brassicaformis, autotrophic relatives of apicomplexans. We catalogued the presence and location of genes coding for conserved subunits of the photosystems as well as cytochrome b6f and ATP synthase in chromerids and other phototrophs and performed a phylogenetic analysis. We then characterised the photosynthetic complexes of Chromera and Vitrella using 2D gels combined with mass-spectrometry and further analysed the purified Chromera PSI. Our data suggest that the photosynthetic apparatus of chromerids underwent unique structural changes. Both photosystems (as well as cytochrome b6f and ATP synthase) lost several canonical subunits, while PSI gained one superoxide dismutase (Vitrella) or two superoxide dismutases and several unknown proteins (Chromera) as new regular subunits. We discuss these results in light of the extraordinarily efficient photosynthetic processes described in Chromera.
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Büchel C, Wilhelm C, Wagner V, Mittag M. Functional proteomics of light-harvesting complex proteins under varying light-conditions in diatoms. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2017; 217:38-43. [PMID: 28709708 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2017.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Revised: 06/08/2017] [Accepted: 06/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Comparative proteome analysis of subcellular compartments like thylakoid membranes and their associated supercomplexes can deliver important in-vivo information on the molecular basis of physiological functions which go far beyond to that what can be learnt from transcriptional-based gene expression studies. For instance, the finding that light intensity influences mainly the relative stoichiometry of subunits could be obtained only by high resolution proteome analysis. The high sensitivity of LC-ESI-MS/MS based proteome analysis allows the determination of proteins in very small subfractions along with their non-labeled semi quantitative analysis. This provides insights in the protein-protein interactions of supercomplexes that are the operative units in intact cells. Here, we have focused on functional proteome approaches for the identification of microalgal light-harvesting complex proteins in chloroplasts and the eyespot in general and in detail for those of diatoms that are exposed to varying light conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Büchel
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Christian Wilhelm
- Institute of Biology, Department of Plant Physiology, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Volker Wagner
- Institute of General Botany and Plant Physiology, Friedrich Schiller University, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Maria Mittag
- Institute of General Botany and Plant Physiology, Friedrich Schiller University, 07743 Jena, Germany.
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12
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Herbstová M, Bína D, Kaňa R, Vácha F, Litvín R. Red-light phenotype in a marine diatom involves a specialized oligomeric red-shifted antenna and altered cell morphology. Sci Rep 2017; 7:11976. [PMID: 28931902 PMCID: PMC5607283 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-12247-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2016] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Diatoms greatly contribute to carbon fixation and thus strongly influence the global biogeochemical balance. Capable of chromatic acclimation (CA) to unfavourable light conditions, diatoms often dominate benthic ecosystems in addition to their planktonic lifestyle. Although CA has been studied at the molecular level, our understanding of this phenomenon remains incomplete. Here we provide new data to better explain the acclimation-associated changes under red-enhanced ambient light (RL) in diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum, known to express a red-shifted antenna complex (F710). The complex was found to be an oligomer of a single polypeptide, Lhcf15. The steady-state spectroscopic properties of the oligomer were also studied. The oligomeric assembly of the Lhcf15 subunits is required for the complex to exhibit a red-shifted absorption. The presence of the red antenna in RL culture coincides with the development of a rounded phenotype of the diatom cell. A model summarizing the modulation of the photosynthetic apparatus during the acclimation response to light of different spectral quality is proposed. Our study suggests that toggling between alternative organizations of photosynthetic apparatus and distinct cell morphologies underlies the remarkable acclimation capacity of diatoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miroslava Herbstová
- Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, Branišovská 31, 37005, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - David Bína
- Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, Branišovská 31, 37005, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 1760, 37005, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Radek Kaňa
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 1760, 37005, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
- Institute of Microbiology, Algatech Centre CAS, Opatovický mlýn, 379 81, Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - František Vácha
- Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, Branišovská 31, 37005, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 1760, 37005, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Radek Litvín
- Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, Branišovská 31, 37005, České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 1760, 37005, České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
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Bína D, Gardian Z, Herbstová M, Litvín R. Modular antenna of photosystem I in secondary plastids of red algal origin: a Nannochloropsis oceanica case study. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2017; 131:255-266. [PMID: 27734239 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-016-0315-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 10/05/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Photosystem I (PSI) is a multi-subunit integral pigment-protein complex that performs light-driven electron transfer from plastocyanin to ferredoxin in the thylakoid membrane of oxygenic photoautotrophs. In order to achieve the optimal photosynthetic performance under ambient irradiance, the absorption cross section of PSI is extended by means of peripheral antenna complexes. In eukaryotes, this role is played mostly by the pigment-protein complexes of the LHC family. The structure of the PSI-antenna supercomplexes has been relatively well understood in organisms harboring the primary plastid: red algae, green algae and plants. The secondary endosymbiotic algae, despite their major ecological importance, have so far received less attention. Here we report a detailed structural analysis of the antenna-PSI association in the stramenopile alga Nannochloropsis oceanica (Eustigmatophyceae). Several types of PSI-antenna assemblies are identified allowing for identification of antenna docking sites on the PSI core. Instances of departure of the stramenopile system from the red algal model of PSI-Lhcr structure are recorded, and evolutionary implications of these observations are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Bína
- Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, Biology Centre CAS, Branišovská 31, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 1760, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Zdenko Gardian
- Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, Biology Centre CAS, Branišovská 31, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 1760, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslava Herbstová
- Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, Biology Centre CAS, Branišovská 31, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 1760, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Radek Litvín
- Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, Biology Centre CAS, Branišovská 31, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 1760, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
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14
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High photochemical trapping efficiency in Photosystem I from the red clade algae Chromera velia and Phaeodactylum tricornutum. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2017; 1858:56-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2016.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Revised: 10/06/2016] [Accepted: 10/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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15
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Litvín R, Bína D, Herbstová M, Gardian Z. Architecture of the light-harvesting apparatus of the eustigmatophyte alga Nannochloropsis oceanica. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2016; 130:137-150. [PMID: 26913864 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-016-0234-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2015] [Accepted: 02/12/2016] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
We present proteomic, spectroscopic, and phylogenetic analysis of light-harvesting protein (Lhc) function in oleaginous Nannochloropsis oceanica (Eustigmatophyta, Stramenopila). N. oceanica utilizes Lhcs of multiple classes: Lhcr-type proteins (related to red algae LHCI), Lhcv (VCP) proteins (violaxanthin-containing Lhcs related to Lhcf/FCP proteins of diatoms), Lhcx proteins (related to Lhcx/LhcSR of diatoms and green algae), and Lhc proteins related to Red-CLH of Chromera velia. Altogether, 17 Lhc-type proteins of the 21 known from genomic data were found in our proteomic analyses. Besides Lhcr-type antennas, a RedCAP protein and a member of the Lhcx protein subfamily were found in association with Photosystem I. The free antenna fraction is formed by trimers of a mixture of Lhcs of varied origins (Lhcv, Lhcr, Lhcx, and relatives of Red-CLH). Despite possessing several proteins of the Red-CLH-type Lhc clade, N. oceanica is not capable of chromatic adaptation under the same conditions as the diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum or C. velia. In addition, a naming scheme of Nannochloropsis Lhcs is proposed to facilitate further work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radek Litvín
- Biology Centre CAS, Branišovská 31, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 1760, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
| | - David Bína
- Biology Centre CAS, Branišovská 31, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 1760, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslava Herbstová
- Biology Centre CAS, Branišovská 31, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 1760, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Zdenko Gardian
- Biology Centre CAS, Branišovská 31, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 1760, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
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16
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Llansola-Portoles MJ, Uragami C, Pascal AA, Bina D, Litvin R, Robert B. Pigment structure in the FCP-like light-harvesting complex from Chromera velia. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2016; 1857:1759-1765. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2016.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2016] [Revised: 08/13/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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17
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Bína D, Herbstová M, Gardian Z, Vácha F, Litvín R. Novel structural aspect of the diatom thylakoid membrane: lateral segregation of photosystem I under red-enhanced illumination. Sci Rep 2016; 6:25583. [PMID: 27149693 PMCID: PMC4857733 DOI: 10.1038/srep25583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Spatial segregation of photosystems in the thylakoid membrane (lateral heterogeneity) observed in plants and in the green algae is usually considered to be absent in photoautotrophs possessing secondary plastids, such as diatoms. Contrary to this assumption, here we show that thylakoid membranes in the chloroplast of a marine diatom, Phaeodactylum tricornutum, contain large areas occupied exclusively by a supercomplex of photosystem I (PSI) and its associated Lhcr antenna. These membrane areas, hundreds of nanometers in size, comprise hundreds of tightly packed PSI-antenna complexes while lacking other components of the photosynthetic electron transport chain. Analyses of the spatial distribution of the PSI-Lhcr complexes have indicated elliptical particles, each 14 × 17 nm in diameter. On larger scales, the red-enhanced illumination exerts a significant effect on the ultrastructure of chloroplasts, creating superstacks of tens of thylakoid membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Bína
- Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, Biology Centre CAS, Department of Photosynthesis, Branišovská 31, České Budějovice, 37005, Czech Republic.,Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Branišovská 1760, České Budějovice, 37005, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslava Herbstová
- Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, Biology Centre CAS, Department of Photosynthesis, Branišovská 31, České Budějovice, 37005, Czech Republic.,Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Branišovská 1760, České Budějovice, 37005, Czech Republic
| | - Zdenko Gardian
- Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, Biology Centre CAS, Department of Photosynthesis, Branišovská 31, České Budějovice, 37005, Czech Republic.,Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Branišovská 1760, České Budějovice, 37005, Czech Republic
| | - František Vácha
- Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, Biology Centre CAS, Department of Photosynthesis, Branišovská 31, České Budějovice, 37005, Czech Republic.,Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Branišovská 1760, České Budějovice, 37005, Czech Republic
| | - Radek Litvín
- Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, Biology Centre CAS, Department of Photosynthesis, Branišovská 31, České Budějovice, 37005, Czech Republic.,Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Branišovská 1760, České Budějovice, 37005, Czech Republic
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18
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Kaňa R, Kotabová E, Kopečná J, Trsková E, Belgio E, Sobotka R, Ruban AV. Violaxanthin inhibits nonphotochemical quenching in light-harvesting antenna of Chromera velia. FEBS Lett 2016; 590:1076-85. [PMID: 26988983 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.12130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2015] [Revised: 02/24/2016] [Accepted: 02/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) is a photoprotective mechanism in light-harvesting antennae. NPQ is triggered by chloroplast thylakoid lumen acidification and is accompanied by violaxanthin de-epoxidation to zeaxanthin, which further stimulates NPQ. In the present study, we show that violaxanthin can act in the opposite direction to zeaxanthin because an increase in the concentration of violaxanthin reduced NPQ in the light-harvesting antennae of Chromera velia. The correlation overlapped with a similar relationship between violaxanthin and NPQ as observed in isolated higher plant light-harvesting complex II. The data suggest that violaxanthin in C. velia can act as an inhibitor of NPQ, indicating that violaxanthin has to be removed from the vicinity of the protein to reach maximal NPQ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radek Kaňa
- Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Třeboň, Czech Republic.,Faculty of Sciences, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Kotabová
- Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Třeboň, Czech Republic.,Faculty of Sciences, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Kopečná
- Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - Eliška Trsková
- Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Třeboň, Czech Republic.,Faculty of Sciences, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Erica Belgio
- Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Třeboň, Czech Republic.,School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, UK
| | - Roman Sobotka
- Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Třeboň, Czech Republic.,Faculty of Sciences, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Alexander V Ruban
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, UK
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19
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Efficient light-harvesting using non-carbonyl carotenoids: Energy transfer dynamics in the VCP complex from Nannochloropsis oceanica. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2016; 1857:370-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2015.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2015] [Revised: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 12/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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20
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Keşan G, Durchan M, Tichý J, Minofar B, Kuznetsova V, Fuciman M, Šlouf V, Parlak C, Polívka T. Different Response of Carbonyl Carotenoids to Solvent Proticity Helps To Estimate Structure of the Unknown Carotenoid from Chromera velia. J Phys Chem B 2015; 119:12653-63. [PMID: 26362118 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b08152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In order to estimate the possible structure of the unknown carbonyl carotenoid related to isofucoxanthin from Chromera velia denoted as isofucoxanthin-like carotenoid (Ifx-l), we employed steady-state and ultrafast time-resolved spectroscopic techniques to investigate spectroscopic properties of Ifx-l in various solvents. The results were compared with those measured for related carotenoids with known structure: fucoxanthin (Fx) and isofucoxanthin (Ifx). The experimental data were complemented by quantum chemistry calculations and molecular modeling. The data show that Ifx-l must have longer effective conjugation length than Ifx. Yet, the magnitude of polarity-dependent changes in Ifx-l is larger than for Ifx, suggesting significant differences in structure of these two carotenoids. The most interesting spectroscopic feature of Ifx-l is its response to solvent proticity. The transient absorption data show that (1) the magnitude of the ICT-like band of Ifx-l in acetonitrile is larger than in methanol and (2) the S1/ICT lifetime of Ifx-l in acetonitrile, 4 ps, is markedly shorter than in methanol (10 ps). This is opposite behavior than for Fx and Ifx whose S1/ICT lifetimes are always shorter in protic solvent methanol (20 and 13 ps) than in aprotic acetonitrile (30 and 17 ps). Comparison with other carbonyl carotenoids reported earlier showed that proticity response of Ifx-l is consistent with presence of a conjugated lactone ring. Combining the experimental data and quantum chemistry calculations, we estimated a possible structure of Ifx-l.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gürkan Keşan
- Institute of Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia , Branišovská 1760, 37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Milan Durchan
- Institute of Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia , Branišovská 1760, 37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic.,Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, Biological Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences , České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Tichý
- Institute of Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia , Branišovská 1760, 37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic.,Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, Biological Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences , České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Babak Minofar
- Institute of Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia , Branišovská 1760, 37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic.,Center for Nanobiology and Structural Biology, Institute of Microbiology and Global Change Research Center, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic , Nové Hrady, Czech Republic
| | - Valentyna Kuznetsova
- Institute of Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia , Branišovská 1760, 37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Marcel Fuciman
- Institute of Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia , Branišovská 1760, 37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Václav Šlouf
- Institute of Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia , Branišovská 1760, 37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Cemal Parlak
- Department of Physics, Dumlupınar University , Kütahya, Turkey
| | - Tomáš Polívka
- Institute of Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia , Branišovská 1760, 37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic.,Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, Biological Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences , České Budějovice, Czech Republic
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21
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Herbstová M, Bína D, Koník P, Gardian Z, Vácha F, Litvín R. Molecular basis of chromatic adaptation in pennate diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2015; 1847:534-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2015.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2014] [Revised: 02/25/2015] [Accepted: 02/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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22
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Mann M, Hoppenz P, Jakob T, Weisheit W, Mittag M, Wilhelm C, Goss R. Unusual features of the high light acclimation of Chromera velia. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2014; 122:159-169. [PMID: 24906888 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-014-0019-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2014] [Accepted: 05/21/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, the high light (HL) acclimation of Chromera velia (Chromerida) was studied. HL-grown cells exhibited an increased cell volume and dry weight compared to cells grown at medium light (ML). The chlorophyll (Chl) a-specific absorption spectra ([Formula: see text]) of the HL cells showed an increased absorption efficiency over a wavelength range from 400 to 750 nm, possibly due to differences in the packaging of Chl a molecules. In HL cells, the size of the violaxanthin (V) cycle pigment pool was strongly increased. Despite a higher concentration of de-epoxidized V cycle pigments, non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) of the HL cells was slightly reduced compared to ML cells. The analysis of NPQ recovery during low light (LL) after a short illumination with excess light showed a fast NPQ relaxation and zeaxanthin epoxidation. Purification of the pigment-protein complexes demonstrated that the HL-synthesized V was associated with the chromera light-harvesting complex (CLH). However, the difference absorption spectrum of HL minus ML CLH, together with the 77 K fluorescence excitation spectra, suggested that the additional V was not protein bound but localized in a lipid phase associated with the CLH. The polypeptide analysis of the pigment-protein complexes showed that one out of three known LHCr proteins was associated in higher concentration with photosystem I in the HL cells, whereas in ML cells, it was enriched in the CLH fraction. In conclusion, the acclimation of C. velia to HL illumination shows features that are comparable to those of diatoms, while other characteristics more closely resemble those of higher plants and green algae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Mann
- Institute of Biology, University of Leipzig, Johannisallee 21-23, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
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23
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Durchan M, Keşan G, Šlouf V, Fuciman M, Staleva H, Tichý J, Litvín R, Bína D, Vácha F, Polívka T. Highly efficient energy transfer from a carbonyl carotenoid to chlorophyll a in the main light harvesting complex of Chromera velia. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2014; 1837:1748-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2014.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2014] [Revised: 06/01/2014] [Accepted: 06/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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24
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Gardian Z, Litvín R, Bína D, Vácha F. Supramolecular organization of fucoxanthin-chlorophyll proteins in centric and pennate diatoms. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2014; 121:79-86. [PMID: 24715699 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-014-9998-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2013] [Accepted: 03/24/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Fucoxanthin-chlorophyll proteins (FCP) are the major light-harvesting proteins of diatom algae, a major contributor to marine carbon fixation. FCP complexes from representatives of centric (Cyclotella meneghiniana) and pennate (Phaeodactylum tricornutum) diatoms were prepared by sucrose gradient centrifugation and studied by means of electron microscopy followed by single particle analysis. The oligomeric FCP from a centric diatom were observed to take the form of unusual chain-like or circular shapes, a very unique supramolecular assembly for such antennas. The existence of the often disputed oligomeric form of FCP in pennate diatoms has been confirmed. Contrary to the centric diatom FCP, pennate diatom FCP oligomers are very similar to oligomeric antennas from related heterokont (Stramenopila) algae. Evolutionary aspects of the presence of novel light-harvesting protein arrangement in centric diatoms are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zdenko Gardian
- Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, Biology Centre ASCR, Branisovska 31, 37005, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
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25
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Bína D, Gardian Z, Herbstová M, Kotabová E, Koník P, Litvín R, Prášil O, Tichý J, Vácha F. Novel type of red-shifted chlorophyll a antenna complex from Chromera velia: II. Biochemistry and spectroscopy. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2014; 1837:802-10. [PMID: 24486443 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2014.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2013] [Revised: 01/13/2014] [Accepted: 01/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A novel chlorophyll a containing pigment-protein complex expressed by cells of Chromera velia adapted to growth under red/far-red illumination [1]. Purification of the complex was achieved by means of anion-exchange chromatography and gel-filtration. The antenna is shown to be an aggregate of ~20kDa proteins of the light-harvesting complex (LHC) family, unstable in the isolated form. The complex possesses an absorption maximum at 705nm at room temperature in addition to the main chlorophyll a maximum at 677nm producing the major emission band at 714nm at room temperature. The far-red absorption is shown to be the property of the isolated aggregate in the intact form and lost upon dissociation. The purified complex was further characterized by circular dichroism spectroscopy and fluorescence spectroscopy. This work thus identified the third different class of antenna complex in C. velia after the recently described FCP-like and LHCr-like antennas. Possible candidates for red antennas are identified in other taxonomic groups, such as eustigmatophytes and the relevance of the present results to other known examples of red-shifted antenna from other organisms is discussed. This work appears to be the first successful isolation of a chlorophyll a-based far-red antenna complex absorbing above 700nm unrelated to LHCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Bína
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 31, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic; Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, Biology Centre ASCR, Branišovská 31, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Zdenko Gardian
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 31, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic; Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, Biology Centre ASCR, Branišovská 31, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslava Herbstová
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 31, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic; Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, Biology Centre ASCR, Branišovská 31, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Kotabová
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 31, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic; Institute of Microbiology ASCR, Centrum Algatech, Laboratory of Photosynthesis, Opatovický mlýn, 379 81 Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - Peter Koník
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 31, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Radek Litvín
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 31, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic; Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, Biology Centre ASCR, Branišovská 31, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Ondřej Prášil
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 31, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic; Institute of Microbiology ASCR, Centrum Algatech, Laboratory of Photosynthesis, Opatovický mlýn, 379 81 Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Tichý
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 31, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic; Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, Biology Centre ASCR, Branišovská 31, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - František Vácha
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 31, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic; Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, Biology Centre ASCR, Branišovská 31, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
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Kotabová E, Jarešová J, Kaňa R, Sobotka R, Bína D, Prášil O. Novel type of red-shifted chlorophyll a antenna complex from Chromera velia. I. Physiological relevance and functional connection to photosystems. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2014; 1837:734-43. [PMID: 24480388 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2014.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2013] [Revised: 01/14/2014] [Accepted: 01/21/2014] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Chromera velia is an alveolate alga associated with scleractinian corals. Here we present detailed work on chromatic adaptation in C. velia cultured under either blue or red light. Growth of C. velia under red light induced the accumulation of a light harvesting antenna complex exhibiting unusual spectroscopic properties with red-shifted absorption and atypical 710nm fluorescence emission at room temperature. Due to these characteristic features the complex was designated "Red-shifted Chromera light harvesting complex" (Red-CLH complex). Its detailed biochemical survey is described in the accompanying paper (Bina et al. 2013, this issue). Here, we show that the accumulation of Red-CLH complex under red light represents a slow acclimation process (days) that is reversible with much faster kinetics (hours) under blue light. This chromatic adaptation allows C. velia to maintain all important parameters of photosynthesis constant under both light colors. We further demonstrated that the C. velia Red-CLH complex is assembled from a 17kDa antenna protein and is functionally connected to photosystem II as it shows variability of chlorophyll fluorescence. Red-CLH also serves as an additional locus for non-photochemical quenching. Although overall rates of oxygen evolution and carbon fixation were similar for both blue and red light conditions, the presence of Red-CLH in C. velia cells increases the light harvesting potential of photosystem II, which manifested as a doubled oxygen evolution rate at illumination above 695nm. This data demonstrates a remarkable long-term remodeling of C. velia light-harvesting system according to light quality and suggests physiological significance of 'red' antenna complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Kotabová
- Institute of Microbiology ASCR, Centrum Algatech, Laboratory of Photosynthesis, Opatovický mlýn, 379 81 Třeboň, Czech Republic; Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 31, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
| | - Jana Jarešová
- Institute of Microbiology ASCR, Centrum Algatech, Laboratory of Photosynthesis, Opatovický mlýn, 379 81 Třeboň, Czech Republic; Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 31, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
| | - Radek Kaňa
- Institute of Microbiology ASCR, Centrum Algatech, Laboratory of Photosynthesis, Opatovický mlýn, 379 81 Třeboň, Czech Republic; Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 31, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
| | - Roman Sobotka
- Institute of Microbiology ASCR, Centrum Algatech, Laboratory of Photosynthesis, Opatovický mlýn, 379 81 Třeboň, Czech Republic; Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 31, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
| | - David Bína
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 31, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic; Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, Biology Centre ASCR, Branišovská 31, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
| | - Ondřej Prášil
- Institute of Microbiology ASCR, Centrum Algatech, Laboratory of Photosynthesis, Opatovický mlýn, 379 81 Třeboň, Czech Republic; Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 31, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
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