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Kao YH, Chang CY, Lin YC, Chen PH, Lee PH, Chang HR, Chang WY, Chang YC, Wun SF, Sun CK. Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes Mitigate Acute Murine Liver Injury via Ets-1 and Heme Oxygenase-1 Up-regulation. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 19:906-918. [PMID: 37723631 DOI: 10.2174/1574888x19666230918102826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)-derived exosomes have been previously demonstrated to promote tissue regeneration in various animal disease models. This study investigated the protective effect of exosome treatment in carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced acute liver injury and delineated possible underlying mechanism. METHODS Exosomes collected from conditioned media of previously characterized human umbilical cord-derived MSCs were intravenously administered into male CD-1 mice with CCl4-induced acute liver injury. Biochemical, histological and molecular parameters were used to evaluate the severity of liver injury. A rat hepatocyte cell line, Clone-9, was used to validate the molecular changes by exosome treatment. RESULTS Exosome treatment significantly suppressed plasma levels of AST, ALT, and pro-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-6 and TNF-α, in the mice with CCl4-induced acute liver injury. Histological morphometry revealed a significant reduction in the necropoptic area in the injured livers following exosome therapy. Consistently, western blot analysis indicated marked elevations in hepatic expression of PCNA, c-Met, Ets-1, and HO-1 proteins after exosome treatment. Besides, the phosphorylation level of signaling mediator JNK was significantly increased, and that of p38 was restored by exosome therapy. Immunohistochemistry double staining confirmed nuclear Ets-1 expression and cytoplasmic localization of c-Met and HO-1 proteins. In vitro studies demonstrated that exosome treatment increased the proliferation of Clone-9 hepatocytes and protected them from CCl4-induced cytotoxicity. Kinase inhibition experiment indicated that the exosome-driven hepatoprotection might be mediated through the JNK pathway. CONCLUSION Exosome therapy activates the JNK signaling activation pathway as well as up-regulates Ets-1 and HO-1 expression, thereby protecting hepatocytes against hepatotoxin-induced cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Hsien Kao
- Department of Medical Research, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yang Chang
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chun Lin
- Department of Surgery, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 52445, Taiwan
| | - Po-Han Chen
- Department of Medical Research, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445, Taiwan
| | - Po-Huang Lee
- Department of Surgery, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 52445, Taiwan
- Committee for Integration and Promotion of Advanced Medicine and Biotechnology, E-Da Healthcare Group, Kaohsiung, 82445, Taiwan
| | - Huoy-Rou Chang
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Yu Chang
- Department of Dermatology, EDa Cancer Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445, Taiwan
- The School of Medicine for International Students, College of Medicine, IShou University, Kaohsiung, 82445, Taiwan
| | - Yo-Chen Chang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan
| | - Shen-Fa Wun
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445, Taiwan
| | - Cheuk-Kwan Sun
- Department of Medical Research, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445, Taiwan
- The School of Medicine for International Students, College of Medicine, IShou University, Kaohsiung, 82445, Taiwan
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Liu J, Jin Z, Wang X, Jakoš T, Zhu J, Yuan Y. RAGE pathways play an important role in regulation of organ fibrosis. Life Sci 2023; 323:121713. [PMID: 37088412 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
Organ fibrosis is a pathological process of fibroblast activation and excessive deposition of extracellular matrix after persistent tissue injury and therefore is a common endpoint of many organ pathologies. Multiple cellular types and soluble mediators, including chemokines, cytokines and non-peptidic factors, are implicated in fibrogenesis and the remodeling of tissue architecture. The molecular basis of the fibrotic process is complex and consists of closely intertwined signaling networks. Research has strived for a better understanding of these pathological mechanisms to potentially reveal novel therapeutic targets for fibrotic diseases. In light of new knowledge, the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) emerged as an important candidate for the regulation of a wide variety of cellular functions related to fibrosis, including inflammation, cell proliferation, apoptosis, and angiogenesis. RAGE is a pattern recognition receptor that binds a broad range of ligands such as advanced glycation end products, high mobility group box-1, S-100 calcium-binding protein and amyloid beta protein. Although the link between RAGE and fibrosis has been established, the exact mechanisms need be investigated in further studies. The aim of this review is to collect all available information about the intricate function of RAGE and its signaling cascades in the pathogenesis of fibrotic diseases within different organs. In addition, to the major ligands and signaling pathways, we discuss potential strategies for targeting RAGE in fibrosis. We emphasize the functional links between RAGE, inflammation and fibrosis that may guide further studies and the development of improved therapeutic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- Engineering Research Center of Cell & Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai 201100, China.
| | - Zhedong Jin
- Engineering Research Center of Cell & Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai 201100, China.
| | - Xiaolong Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Cell & Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai 201100, China.
| | - Tanja Jakoš
- Engineering Research Center of Cell & Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai 201100, China.
| | - Jianwei Zhu
- Engineering Research Center of Cell & Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai 201100, China.
| | - Yunsheng Yuan
- Engineering Research Center of Cell & Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai 201100, China.
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DeWulf B, Minsart L, Verdonk F, Kruys V, Piagnerelli M, Maze M, Saxena S. High Mobility Group Box 1 (HMGB1): Potential Target in Sepsis-Associated Encephalopathy. Cells 2023; 12:cells12071088. [PMID: 37048161 PMCID: PMC10093266 DOI: 10.3390/cells12071088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) remains a challenge for intensivists that is exacerbated by lack of an effective diagnostic tool and an unambiguous definition to properly identify SAE patients. Risk factors for SAE development include age, genetic factors as well as pre-existing neuropsychiatric conditions. Sepsis due to certain infection sites/origins might be more prone to encephalopathy development than other cases. Currently, ICU management of SAE is mainly based on non-pharmacological support. Pre-clinical studies have described the role of the alarmin high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) in the complex pathogenesis of SAE. Although there are limited data available about the role of HMGB1 in neuroinflammation following sepsis, it has been implicated in other neurologic disorders, where its translocation from the nucleus to the extracellular space has been found to trigger neuroinflammatory reactions and disrupt the blood–brain barrier. Negating the inflammatory cascade, by targeting HMGB1, may be a strategy to complement non-pharmacologic interventions directed against encephalopathy. This review describes inflammatory cascades implicating HMGB1 and strategies for its use to mitigate sepsis-induced encephalopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bram DeWulf
- Department of Anesthesia—Critical Care, AZ Sint-Jan Brugge Oostende AV, 8000 Bruges, Belgium
| | - Laurens Minsart
- Department of Anesthesia, Antwerp University Hospital (UZA), 2650 Edegem, Belgium
| | - Franck Verdonk
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, GRC 29, DMU DREAM, Hôpital Saint-Antoine and Sorbonne University, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 75012 Paris, France
| | - Véronique Kruys
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of the Gene, Department of Molecular Biology, Free University of Brussels (ULB), 6041 Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Michael Piagnerelli
- Department of Intensive Care, CHU-Charleroi, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 6042 Charleroi, Belgium
- Experimental Medicine Laboratory (ULB Unit 222), CHU-Charleroi, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 6110 Montigny-le-Tilleul, Belgium
| | - Mervyn Maze
- Center for Cerebrovascular Research, Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Sarah Saxena
- Department of Anesthesia—Critical Care, AZ Sint-Jan Brugge Oostende AV, 8000 Bruges, Belgium
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of the Gene, Department of Molecular Biology, Free University of Brussels (ULB), 6041 Gosselies, Belgium
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SIRT7 affects autophagy and activation of hepatic stellate cells by regulating the acetylation level of high mobility group protein 1. Immunobiology 2023; 228:152323. [PMID: 36753789 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2022.152323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Preventing the progression of hepatic fibrosis is an important strategy to improve the prognosis of liver disease. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of sirtuin7 (SIRT7) and high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) acetylation in the occurrence and development of hepatic fibrosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Hepatic fibrosis mice model was induced by CCl4. TGF-β1 was used to activated quiescent hepatic stellate cell (qHSC) into activated HSC (aHSC). Hematoxylin-eosin evaluated hepatic fibrosis in vivo, and the distribution of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) or HMGB1 was detected by immunohistochemistry or immunofluorescence. The expressions of SIRT7, autophagy related proteins, and HSC activation-related proteins were detected by Western blot. Immunoprecipitation detected the acetylation level of HMGB1. Lysine mutants of HMGB1 were constructed in vitro to explore the acetylation sites of HMGB1. RESULTS Hepatocyte autophagy and activation levels were enhanced in CCl4 group or aHSC group, and the acetylation level of HMGB1 was increased. Nuclear transfer of HMGB1 occurred in aHSC, and HMGB1was mainly distributed in cytoplasm. The expression of SIRT7 in CCl4 group or aHSC group was most significantly decreased, and knockdown of SIRT7 leads to increased levels of HSCs autophagy and activation. Overexpression of SIRT7 or interference of HMGB1 alone in aHSC can reduce the level of autophagy and activation of aHSC. However, continued overexpression of SIRT7 in shHMGB1-aHSC could not reduce the autophagy and activation levels of aHSC. Among the 11 Flag-HMGB1 mutants, the acetylation level of K86R-Flag-HMGB1 was the lowest. The acetylation level of K86R-Flag-HMGB1 did not change due to SIRT7 downregulation. CONCLUSION This study proved that SIRT7 can directly target the K86R site of HMGB1 and participate in regulating the expression and distribution of HMGB1, thus affecting the autophagy and activation level of HSCs.
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Dong H, Zhang Y, Huang Y, Deng H. Pathophysiology of RAGE in inflammatory diseases. Front Immunol 2022; 13:931473. [PMID: 35967420 PMCID: PMC9373849 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.931473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) is a non-specific multi-ligand pattern recognition receptor capable of binding to a range of structurally diverse ligands, expressed on a variety of cell types, and performing different functions. The ligand-RAGE axis can trigger a range of signaling events that are associated with diabetes and its complications, neurological disorders, cancer, inflammation and other diseases. Since RAGE is involved in the pathophysiological processes of many diseases, targeting RAGE may be an effective strategy to block RAGE signaling.
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Wan C, Gu T, Ling J, Qin Y, Luo J, Sun L, Hua L, Zhao J, Jiang S. Perfluorooctane sulfonate aggravates CCl4-induced hepatic fibrosis via HMGB1/TLR4/Smad signaling. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2022; 37:983-994. [PMID: 34990082 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) is a widespread environmental pollutant and may cause a variety of adverse health effects. The hepatotoxicity of PFOS has attracted particular attention, given the fact that the liver has one of the highest PFOS accumulations among human tissues. In this study, we revealed that subchronic PFOS exposure may exacerbate carbon tetrachloride (CCl4 )-induced liver fibrosis in animal models. Administration with 1 mg/kg PFOS every other day for 56 days dramatically enhanced CCl4 -mediated liver injury and hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation. Furthermore, PFOS exposure may promote the activation of high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1)/toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling pathway through inducing the secretion of HMGB1 from hepatocytes. PFOS exposure induced the translocation of HMGB1 from the nucleus into the cytoplasm of hepatocytes and cultured BRL-3A cells at a starting concentration of 50 μM. This process is accompanied with concurrent flux of calcium, suggesting a link between calcium signaling and HMGB1 release following PFOS exposure. Finally, we showed that PFOS-exposed conditional medium (PFOS-CM) of hepatocytes may induce the translocation of Smad2/3 in HSCs in a TLR4-dependent manner. Taken together, subchronic PFOS exposure might play a pro-fibrotic role via a HMGB1/TLR4-dependent Smad signaling in HSCs. Our findings for the first time uncovered an involvement of PFOS exposure in liver fibrosis via HMGB1/TLR4/Smad signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhua Wan
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Tianye Gu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Junyi Ling
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yi Qin
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Haimen District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Haimen, Nantong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiashan Luo
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Lingli Sun
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Lu Hua
- Department of Oncology, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, China
| | - Jianya Zhao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Shengyang Jiang
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, China
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Miyamoto T, Domoto R, Sekiguchi F, Kamaguchi R, Nishimura R, Matsuno M, Tsubota M, Fujitani M, Hatanaka S, Koizumi Y, Wang D, Nishibori M, Kawabata A. Development of hepatic impairment aggravates chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy following oxaliplatin treatment: Evidence from clinical and preclinical studies. J Pharmacol Sci 2022; 148:315-325. [PMID: 35177211 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2022.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxaliplatin often induces peripheral neuropathy, a dose-limiting adverse reaction, and in rare cases leads to sinusoidal obstruction syndrome. We thus conducted a retrospective cohort study to examine the relationship between oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy (OIPN) and hepatic impairment, and then perform a fundamental study to analyze the underlying mechanisms. Analysis of medical records in cancer patients treated with oxaliplatin indicated that laboratory test parameters of hepatic impairment including AST, ALT and APRI (AST to platelet ratio index) moderately increased during oxaliplatin treatment, which was positively correlated with the severity of OIPN (grades 1-4), and associated with later incidence of survivors with OIPN grades ≥2. In mice, hepatic injury induced by CCl4 or ethanol accelerated OIPN in mice, an effect prevented by inactivation of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), known to participate in OIPN, by the neutralizing antibody or thrombomodulin alfa capable of promoting its thrombin-dependent degradation. Oxaliplatin also aggravated the hepatic injury in mice. CCl4 released HMGB1 from cultured hepatic parenchymal cells, and oxaliplatin at clinically achievable concentrations released HMGB1 from hepatic parenchymal and non-parenchymal cells. Our clinical and preclinical data suggest that the development of mild hepatic impairment during oxaliplatin treatment is associated with later aggravation of OIPN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyoshi Miyamoto
- Laboratory of Pharmacology & Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, Higashi-Osaka, Japan; Department of Pharmacy, Seichokai Fuchu Hospital, Izumi, Japan
| | - Risa Domoto
- Laboratory of Pharmacology & Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, Higashi-Osaka, Japan
| | - Fumiko Sekiguchi
- Laboratory of Pharmacology & Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, Higashi-Osaka, Japan
| | - Riki Kamaguchi
- Laboratory of Pharmacology & Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, Higashi-Osaka, Japan
| | - Rika Nishimura
- Laboratory of Pharmacology & Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, Higashi-Osaka, Japan
| | - Misato Matsuno
- Laboratory of Pharmacology & Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, Higashi-Osaka, Japan
| | - Maho Tsubota
- Laboratory of Pharmacology & Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, Higashi-Osaka, Japan
| | | | | | - Yuichi Koizumi
- Department of Pharmacy, Seichokai Fuchu Hospital, Izumi, Japan
| | - Dengli Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Okayama, Japan
| | - Masahiro Nishibori
- Department of Translational Research and Drug Development, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Okayama, Japan
| | - Atsufumi Kawabata
- Laboratory of Pharmacology & Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, Higashi-Osaka, Japan.
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Zhong H, Gui X, Hou L, Lv R, Jin Y. From Inflammation to Fibrosis: Novel Insights into the Roles of High Mobility Group Protein Box 1 in Schistosome-Induced Liver Damage. Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11030289. [PMID: 35335612 PMCID: PMC8951358 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11030289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Schistosomiasis is a chronic helminthic disease of both humans and animals and the second most prevalent parasitic disease after malaria. Through a complex migration process, schistosome eggs trapped in the liver can lead to the formation of granulomas and subsequent schistosome-induced liver damage, which results in high mortality and morbidity. Although praziquantel can eliminate mature worms and prevent egg deposition, effective drugs to reverse schistosome-induced liver damage are scarce. High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a multifunctional cytokine contributing to liver injury, inflammation, and immune responses in schistosomiasis by binding to cell-surface Toll-like receptors and receptors for advanced glycation end products. HMGB1 is increased in the serum of patients with schistosomiasis and enables hepatic stellate cells to adopt a proliferative myofibroblast-like phenotype, which is crucial to schistosome-induced granuloma formation. Inhibition of HMGB1 was found to generate protective responses against fibrotic diseases in animal models. Clinically, HMGB1 presents a potential target for treatment of the chronic sequelae of schistosomiasis. Here, the pivotal role of HMGB1 in granuloma formation and schistosome-induced liver damage, as well the potential of HMGB1 as a therapeutic target, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoran Zhong
- National Reference Laboratory for Animal Schistosomiasis, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China; (H.Z.); (X.G.); (L.H.); (R.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Xiang Gui
- National Reference Laboratory for Animal Schistosomiasis, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China; (H.Z.); (X.G.); (L.H.); (R.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Ling Hou
- National Reference Laboratory for Animal Schistosomiasis, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China; (H.Z.); (X.G.); (L.H.); (R.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030031, China
| | - Rongxue Lv
- National Reference Laboratory for Animal Schistosomiasis, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China; (H.Z.); (X.G.); (L.H.); (R.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Yamei Jin
- National Reference Laboratory for Animal Schistosomiasis, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China; (H.Z.); (X.G.); (L.H.); (R.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +86-021-34293150
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Possible role of the HMGB1 and RAGE inflammatory pathway in primary sclerosing cholangitis. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol 2022; 46:101791. [PMID: 34400366 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinre.2021.101791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Activation of the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) and its ligand High Mobility Group Box Protein 1 (HMGB1), a nuclear protein with proinflammatory properties, has been implicated in several inflammatory disorders. OBJECTIVE To analyse the influence of RAGE and HMGB1 signalling in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC). METHODS Levels of HMGB1 and bile acid in serum and bile samples of 69 PSC patients and 32 controls were measured. Additionally, 640 patients with PSC and other liver diseases were analysed for the gain-of-function RAGE G82S SNP by PCR. Laboratory and clinical parameters were retrieved by chart review. RESULTS ELISA analysis showed significantly higher biliary HMGB1 concentrations in PSC patients (n=69, median 124,1 ng/ml) than in the control group (n=32, median 6,85 ng/ml, p<0,001). Median serum HMGB1 (n=22, median 2,4 ng/ml) was significantly lower than median biliary HMGB1 of the concomitant bile samples (n=22, median 151 ng/ml, p =0,001). There was no correlation of biliary HMGB1 levels with laboratory parameters or clinical end points. Analysis of the gain-of-function G82SSNP RAGE SNP in PSC patients showed 8 patients with heterozygote mutant alleles (8/324, 2,5%). Patients carrying the mutation developed more often dominant strictures of the large bile ducts (100.0% vs. 61.3%; p=0.04) and had reduced transplantation-free survival in the mutant allele group (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Biliary HMGB1 levels are elevated in PSC patients compared to controls and a gain-of-function SNP in RAGE is associated with development of dominant strictures and reduced survival in PSC patients.
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Wouters K, Cento AS, Gaens KH, Teunissen M, Scheijen JLJM, Barutta F, Chiazza F, Collotta D, Aragno M, Gruden G, Collino M, Schalkwijk CG, Mastrocola R. Deletion of RAGE fails to prevent hepatosteatosis in obese mice due to impairment of other AGEs receptors and detoxifying systems. Sci Rep 2021; 11:17373. [PMID: 34462492 PMCID: PMC8405685 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-96859-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs) are involved in several diseases, including NAFLD and NASH. RAGE is the main receptor mediating the pro-inflammatory signalling induced by AGEs. Therefore, targeting of RAGE has been proposed for prevention of chronic inflammatory diseases. However, the role of RAGE in the development of NAFLD and NASH remains poorly understood. We thus aimed to analyse the effect of obesity on AGEs accumulation, AGE-receptors and AGE-detoxification, and whether the absence of RAGE might improve hepatosteatosis and inflammation, by comparing the liver of lean control, obese (LeptrDb-/-) and obese RAGE-deficient (RAGE-/- LeptrDb-/-) mice. Obesity induced AGEs accumulation and RAGE expression with hepatosteatosis and inflammation in LeptrDb-/-, compared to lean controls. Despite the genetic deletion of RAGE in the LeptrDb-/- mice, high levels of intrahepatic AGEs were maintained accompanied by decreased expression of the protective AGE-receptor-1, impaired AGE-detoxifying system glyoxalase-1, and increased expression of the alternative AGE-receptor galectin-3. We also found sustained hepatosteatosis and inflammation as determined by persistent activation of the lipogenic SREBP1c and proinflammatory NLRP3 signalling pathways. Thus, RAGE targeting is not effective in the prevention of NAFLD in conditions of obesity, likely due to the direct liver specific crosstalk of RAGE with other AGE-receptors and AGE-detoxifying systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristiaan Wouters
- grid.412966.e0000 0004 0480 1382Department of Internal Medicine, MUMC, Maastricht, Limburg The Netherlands ,grid.5012.60000 0001 0481 6099Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht, Limburg The Netherlands
| | - Alessia S. Cento
- grid.7605.40000 0001 2336 6580Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Corso Raffaello 30, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Katrien H. Gaens
- grid.412966.e0000 0004 0480 1382Department of Internal Medicine, MUMC, Maastricht, Limburg The Netherlands ,grid.5012.60000 0001 0481 6099Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht, Limburg The Netherlands
| | - Margee Teunissen
- grid.412966.e0000 0004 0480 1382Department of Internal Medicine, MUMC, Maastricht, Limburg The Netherlands
| | - Jean L. J. M. Scheijen
- grid.412966.e0000 0004 0480 1382Department of Internal Medicine, MUMC, Maastricht, Limburg The Netherlands ,grid.5012.60000 0001 0481 6099Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht, Limburg The Netherlands
| | - Federica Barutta
- grid.7605.40000 0001 2336 6580Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Fausto Chiazza
- grid.16563.370000000121663741Department of Drug Sciences, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Debora Collotta
- grid.7605.40000 0001 2336 6580Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Manuela Aragno
- grid.7605.40000 0001 2336 6580Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Corso Raffaello 30, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Gabriella Gruden
- grid.7605.40000 0001 2336 6580Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Massimo Collino
- grid.7605.40000 0001 2336 6580Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Casper G. Schalkwijk
- grid.412966.e0000 0004 0480 1382Department of Internal Medicine, MUMC, Maastricht, Limburg The Netherlands ,grid.5012.60000 0001 0481 6099Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht, Limburg The Netherlands
| | - Raffaella Mastrocola
- grid.412966.e0000 0004 0480 1382Department of Internal Medicine, MUMC, Maastricht, Limburg The Netherlands ,grid.7605.40000 0001 2336 6580Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Corso Raffaello 30, 10125 Turin, Italy
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11
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Ni YA, Chen H, Nie H, Zheng B, Gong Q. HMGB1: An overview of its roles in the pathogenesis of liver disease. J Leukoc Biol 2021; 110:987-998. [PMID: 33784425 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.3mr0121-277r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is an abundant architectural chromosomal protein that has multiple biologic functions: gene transcription, DNA replication, DNA-damage repair, and cell signaling for inflammation. HMGB1 can be released passively by necrotic cells or secreted actively by activated immune cells into the extracellular milieu after injury. Extracellular HMGB1 acts as a damage-associated molecular pattern to initiate the innate inflammatory response to infection and injury by communicating with neighboring cells through binding to specific cell-surface receptors, including Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE). Numerous studies have suggested HMGB1 to act as a key protein mediating the pathogenesis of chronic and acute liver diseases, including nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, hepatocellular carcinoma, and hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury. Here, we provide a detailed review that focuses on the role of HMGB1 and HMGB1-mediated inflammatory signaling pathways in the pathogenesis of liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Ao Ni
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Nie
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China.,Clinical Molecular Immunology Center, School of Medicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Zheng
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China.,Clinical Molecular Immunology Center, School of Medicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Quan Gong
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China.,Clinical Molecular Immunology Center, School of Medicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
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12
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Tsai MS, Lee HM, Huang SC, Sun CK, Chiu TC, Chen PH, Lin YC, Hung TM, Lee PH, Kao YH. Nerve growth factor induced farnesoid X receptor upregulation modulates autophagy flux and protects hepatocytes in cholestatic livers. Arch Biochem Biophys 2020; 682:108281. [PMID: 32001246 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2020.108281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Upregulation of nerve growth factor (NGF) in parenchymal hepatocytes has been shown to exert hepatoprotective function during cholestatic liver injury. However, the modulatory role of NGF in regulation of liver autophagy remains unclear. This study aimed to scrutinize the regulatory role of NGF in hepatic expression of farnesoid X receptor (FXR), a bile acid (BA)-activated nuclear receptor, and to determine its cytoprotective effect on BA-induced autophagy and cytotoxicity. Livers of human hepatolithiasis and bile duct ligation (BDL)-induced mouse cholestasis were used for histopathological and molecular detection. The regulatory roles of NGF in autophagy flux and FXR expression, as well as its hepatoprotection against BA cytotoxicity were examined in cultured hepatocytes. FXR downregulation in human hepatolithiasis livers showed positive correlation with hepatic NGF levels. NGF administration upregulated hepatic FXR levels, while neutralization of NGF decreased FXR expression in BDL-induced cholestatic mouse livers. In vitro studies demonstrated that NGF upregulated FXR expression, increased cellular LC3 levels, and exerted hepatoprotective effect in cultured primary rat hepatocytes. Conversely, autophagy inhibition abrogated NGF-driven cytoprotection under BA exposure, suggesting involvement of NGF-modulated auophagy flux. Although FXR agonistic GW4064 stimulation did not affect auophagic LC3 levels, FXR activity inhibition significantly potentiated BA-induced cytotoxicity and increased cellular p62/SQSTM1 and Rab7 protein in SK-Hep1 hepatocytes. Moreover, FXR gene silencing abolished the protective effect of NGF under BA exposure. These findings support that NGF modulates autophagy flux via FXR upregulation and protects hepatocytes against BA-induced cytotoxicity. NGF/FXR axis is a novel therapeutic target for treatment of cholestatic liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Shian Tsai
- Department of Surgery, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Body Health and Beauty Center, Jiann-Ren Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ming Lee
- Department of Surgery, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Che Huang
- Department of Medical Research, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Cheuk-Kwan Sun
- Department of Medical Research, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Emergency Medicine, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | | | - Po-Han Chen
- Department of Medical Research, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chun Lin
- Department of Surgery, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Min Hung
- Department of Medical Research, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Committee for Integration and Promotion of Advanced Medicine and Biotechnology, E-Da Healthcare Group, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Po-Huang Lee
- Department of Surgery, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Committee for Integration and Promotion of Advanced Medicine and Biotechnology, E-Da Healthcare Group, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Ying-Hsien Kao
- Department of Medical Research, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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13
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Sarhan M, Land WG, Tonnus W, Hugo CP, Linkermann A. Origin and Consequences of Necroinflammation. Physiol Rev 2018; 98:727-780. [PMID: 29465288 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00041.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
When cells undergo necrotic cell death in either physiological or pathophysiological settings in vivo, they release highly immunogenic intracellular molecules and organelles into the interstitium and thereby represent the strongest known trigger of the immune system. With our increasing understanding of necrosis as a regulated and genetically determined process (RN, regulated necrosis), necrosis and necroinflammation can be pharmacologically prevented. This review discusses our current knowledge about signaling pathways of necrotic cell death as the origin of necroinflammation. Multiple pathways of RN such as necroptosis, ferroptosis, and pyroptosis have been evolutionary conserved most likely because of their differences in immunogenicity. As the consequence of necrosis, however, all necrotic cells release damage associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) that have been extensively investigated over the last two decades. Analysis of necroinflammation allows characterizing specific signatures for each particular pathway of cell death. While all RN-pathways share the release of DAMPs in general, most of them actively regulate the immune system by the additional expression and/or maturation of either pro- or anti-inflammatory cytokines/chemokines. In addition, DAMPs have been demonstrated to modulate the process of regeneration. For the purpose of better understanding of necroinflammation, we introduce a novel classification of DAMPs in this review to help detect the relative contribution of each RN-pathway to certain physiological and pathophysiological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maysa Sarhan
- Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, Department of Medicine III, Medical University Vienna , Vienna , Austria ; INSERM UMR_S 1109, Laboratory of Excellence Transplantex, University of Strasbourg , Strasbourg , France ; German Academy of Transplantation Medicine, Munich , Germany ; and Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus at the Technische Universität Dresden , Dresden , Germany
| | - Walter G Land
- Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, Department of Medicine III, Medical University Vienna , Vienna , Austria ; INSERM UMR_S 1109, Laboratory of Excellence Transplantex, University of Strasbourg , Strasbourg , France ; German Academy of Transplantation Medicine, Munich , Germany ; and Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus at the Technische Universität Dresden , Dresden , Germany
| | - Wulf Tonnus
- Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, Department of Medicine III, Medical University Vienna , Vienna , Austria ; INSERM UMR_S 1109, Laboratory of Excellence Transplantex, University of Strasbourg , Strasbourg , France ; German Academy of Transplantation Medicine, Munich , Germany ; and Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus at the Technische Universität Dresden , Dresden , Germany
| | - Christian P Hugo
- Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, Department of Medicine III, Medical University Vienna , Vienna , Austria ; INSERM UMR_S 1109, Laboratory of Excellence Transplantex, University of Strasbourg , Strasbourg , France ; German Academy of Transplantation Medicine, Munich , Germany ; and Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus at the Technische Universität Dresden , Dresden , Germany
| | - Andreas Linkermann
- Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, Department of Medicine III, Medical University Vienna , Vienna , Austria ; INSERM UMR_S 1109, Laboratory of Excellence Transplantex, University of Strasbourg , Strasbourg , France ; German Academy of Transplantation Medicine, Munich , Germany ; and Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus at the Technische Universität Dresden , Dresden , Germany
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14
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Hsieh CS, Chuang JH, Chou MH, Kao YH. Dexamethasone restores transforming growth factor-β activated kinase 1 expression and phagocytosis activity of Kupffer cells in cholestatic liver injury. Int Immunopharmacol 2018; 56:310-319. [PMID: 29414666 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2018.01.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2017] [Revised: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The role of transforming growth factor-β activated kinase 1 (TAK1) in modulating the function of Kupffer cells (KCs) within cholestatic livers remains unclear. This study examined the immunopharmacological action of dexamethasone (DEX) in modulating hepatic TAK1 expression and related signaling activity in a rat model of bile duct ligation-mimicked obstructive jaundice. The in vitro effects of DEX on porcine biliary extract (PBE)-modulated gene expression and phagocytosis of KCs were examined using a rat alveolar macrophage cell line (NR8383 cells). Although DEX therapy did not restore the downregulated TAK1 expression and phosphorylation, it significantly attenuated the upregulation of high-mobility group box 1 expression and caspase-3 activation in whole liver extracts of cholestatic rats, possibly via enhancing extracellular signal-regulated kinase-mediated signaling. Dual immunofluorescence staining of cholestatic livers and western detection on primary KCs isolated from cholestatic livers identified that DEX treatment indeed increased both the expression and phosphorylation levels of TAK1 in the KCs of cholestatic livers. In vitro studies using alveolar NR8383 macrophages with KC-characteristic gene expression further demonstrated that DEX not only repressed the pro-inflammatory cytokine production including with respect to interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6, but also enhanced gene expression of TAK1 and a phagocytic marker, natural-resistance-associated macrophage protein 1, under PBE-mimicked cholestatic conditions. However, WST-1 assay showed that DEX did not protect NR8383 macrophages against the PBE-induced cytotoxicity. Immunofluorescence visualization of cellular F-actin by phalloidin suggested that DEX sustained the PBE-induced phagocytosis morphology of NR8383 macrophages. In conclusion, DEX treatment may pharmacologically restore the expression and activity of TAK1 in KCs, and sustain the phagocytic phenotype of KCs in cholestatic livers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Sung Hsieh
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Department of Teaching & Research, Pu-Li Christian Hospital, Nantou, Taiwan; Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chi-Nan University, Nantou, Taiwan
| | - Jiin-Haur Chuang
- Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Huei Chou
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Center for General Education, Cheng-Shiu University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Ying-Hsien Kao
- Department of Medical Research, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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15
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Hollenbach M. The Role of Glyoxalase-I (Glo-I), Advanced Glycation Endproducts (AGEs), and Their Receptor (RAGE) in Chronic Liver Disease and Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC). Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18112466. [PMID: 29156655 PMCID: PMC5713432 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18112466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Revised: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Glyoxalase-I (Glo-I) and glyoxalase-II (Glo-II) comprise the glyoxalase system and are responsible for the detoxification of methylglyoxal (MGO). MGO is formed non-enzymatically as a by-product, mainly in glycolysis, and leads to the formation of advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs). AGEs bind to their receptor, RAGE, and activate intracellular transcription factors, resulting in the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress, and inflammation. This review will focus on the implication of the Glo-I/AGE/RAGE system in liver injury and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). AGEs and RAGE are upregulated in liver fibrosis, and the silencing of RAGE reduced collagen deposition and the tumor growth of HCC. Nevertheless, data relating to Glo-I in fibrosis and cirrhosis are preliminary. Glo-I expression was found to be reduced in early and advanced cirrhosis with a subsequent increase of MGO-levels. On the other hand, pharmacological modulation of Glo-I resulted in the reduced activation of hepatic stellate cells and therefore reduced fibrosis in the CCl₄-model of cirrhosis. Thus, current research highlighted the Glo-I/AGE/RAGE system as an interesting therapeutic target in chronic liver diseases. These findings need further elucidation in preclinical and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Hollenbach
- Department of Medicine, Neurology and Dermatology, Division of Gastroenterology and Rheumatology, University of Leipzig, Liebigstrasse 20, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany.
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16
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Xia P, Gao J, Guan W, Li J, Yu X, Wang F, He H, Deng Q, Zhou L, Yuan Y, Han W, Yu Y. Production of bioactive recombinant rat soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products (rrsRAGE) in Pichia pastoris. Protein Expr Purif 2017; 138:81-87. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2015.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Revised: 09/16/2015] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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17
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Chang YC, Lin CW, Hsieh MC, Wu HJ, Wu WS, Wu WC, Kao YH. High mobility group B1 up-regulates angiogenic and fibrogenic factors in human retinal pigment epithelial ARPE-19 cells. Cell Signal 2017; 40:248-257. [PMID: 28970183 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2017.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Revised: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxia-induced retinal neovascularization plays a central role in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy. This study aimed to investigate whether hypoxia leads to the release of nuclear high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) peptides from cultured retinal pigment epithelial ARPE-19 cells, to determine the effect of HMGB1 on angiogenic cytokine production and elucidate the involved signaling pathways. A chemical hypoxia mimetic agent, cobalt chloride, induced SIRT1 downregulation, HMGB1 nucleocytoplasmic relocation and extracellular release from ARPE-19 cells, implicating its autocrine function. Resveratrol treatment significantly reduced secretion of HMGB1 from ARPE-19 cells exposed to hypoxia. Cell proliferation and cell cycle analyses demonstrated that exogenous HMGB1 caused significant growth suppression and G1 cell cycle arrest in ARPE-19 cells. Morphological observations showed that HMGB1 enhanced adhesion, but suppressed migration of ARPE-19 cells. More intriguingly, HMGB1 up-regulated expression of angiofibrogenic factors in ARPE-19 cells, including VEGF, bFGF, TGF-β2, and CTGF. Signal profiling characterization indicated that HMGB1 triggered hyperphosphorylation of Akt, p38 MAPK, and NF-κB, but not that of ERK, JNK, and Smad2, whereas inhibition of PI3K, MAPK, or NF-κB significantly attenuated the HMGB1-driven cytokine overproduction in ARPE-19 cells. Functional neutralization with anti-TLR4 and -RAGE antibodies confirmed that both receptors were involved in the cytokine overproduction. In conclusion, chemically-mimicked hypoxia induced nucleocytoplasmic relocation and release of HMGB1 peptides, which in turn up-regulated the production of angiofibrogenic factors in RPE cells, thereby contributing to the pathogenesis of hypoxia-associated diabetic retinopathies. Conversely, blockades of intraocular HMGB1 bioavailability or signal activation may prevent angiofibrogenesis in development of diabetic retinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yo-Chen Chang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Municipal Hsiao-Kang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Wei Lin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chu Hsieh
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Horng-Jiun Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Sheng Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chuan Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Ying-Hsien Kao
- Department of Medical Research, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Medical Laboratory Science, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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18
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Ge S, Xiong Y, Wu X, Xie J, Liu F, He J, Xiang T, Cheng N, Lai L, Zhong Y. Role of growth factor receptor-bound 2 in CCl 4-induced hepatic fibrosis. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 92:942-951. [PMID: 28618656 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.05.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Revised: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 05/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Growth Factor Receptor-bound 2 (GRB2) plays a crucial role in regulation of cellular function including proliferation and differentiation, and we previously identified GRB2 as promoting HSCs (HSCs) proliferation. However, the underlying mechanisms that are involving in the regulation of GRB2 in hepatic fibrogenesis remain unknown. METHODS In the present study, we tested the function of GRB2 in hepatic fibrosis. Hepatic fibrosis was induced by subcutaneous CCl4 administration at a dose of 3mL/kg in rats. The rat HSC cell line HSC-T6 were cultured for proliferation investigation by CCK-8 and BrdU incorporation method. The levels of GRB2, HMGB1, PI3K/AKT, COL1A1 and α-SMA were analyzed by western blot or real-time PCR. RESULTS showed that the expression of GRB2 and HMGB1 was obviously increased in liver tissues of hepatic fibrosis rats accompanied by up-regulation of COL1A1 and α-SMA. In cultured HSCs, application of exogenous HMGB1 induced cell proliferation and cell proliferation rate concomitantly with up-regulation of GRB2 expression and PI3K/AKT phosphorylation. The effects of HMGB1-induced proliferation of HSCs and up-regulation of COL1A1 and α-SMA were abolished by GRB2 siRNA. HMGB1-induced proliferation of HSCs and up-regulation of COL1A1 and α-SMA was reversed in the presence of LY294002, an inhibitor of PI3K inhibitor. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that GRB2 plays an important role in CCl4-induced hepatic fibrosis by regulating HSCs' function, and up-regulation of GRB2 induced by HMGB1 is mediated via the PI3K/AKT pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanfei Ge
- Department of Infectious Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Ying Xiong
- Department of Infectious Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Xiaoping Wu
- Department of Infectious Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Jianping Xie
- Department of Infectious Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | - Fei Liu
- Department of Infectious Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | - Jinni He
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | - Tianxing Xiang
- Department of Infectious Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Na Cheng
- Department of Infectious Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Lingling Lai
- Department of Infectious Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Yuanbin Zhong
- Department of Infectious Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
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19
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Zheng QF, Bai L, Duan ZP, Han YP, Zheng SJ, Chen Y, Li JS. M2-like Kupffer cells in fibrotic liver may protect against acute insult. World J Gastroenterol 2017; 23:3655-3663. [PMID: 28611518 PMCID: PMC5449422 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v23.i20.3655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Revised: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate the mechanism of hepatoprotection conferred by liver fibrosis through evaluating the activation phenotype of kupffer cells.
METHODS Control and fibrotic mice were challenged with a lethal dose of D-GalN/lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and hepatic damage was assessed by histology, serum alanine transferase (ALT) levels, and hepatic expression of HMGB1, a potent pro-inflammatory mediator. The localization of F4/80 (a surrogate marker of KCs), HMGB1, and type I collagen (Col-1) was determined by immunofluorescence staining. The phenotype of KCs was characterized by real-time PCR. KCs isolated from control or fibrotic mice were challenged with LPS or HMGB1 peptide, and HMGB1 translocation was analyzed.
RESULTS Liver fibrosis protected mice against D-GalN/LPS challenge, as shown by improved hepatic histology and reduced elevation of ALT compared with the normal mice treated in the same way. This hepatoprotection was also accompanied by inhibition of HMGB1 expression in the liver. Co-localization of F4/80, HMGB1, and Col-1 was found in fibrotic livers, indicating the close relationship between KCs, HMGB1 and liver fibrosis. KCs isolated from fibrotic mice predominantly exhibited an M2-like phenotype. In vitro experiments showed that HMGB1 was localized in the nucleus of the majority of M2-like KCs and that the translocation of HMGB1 was inhibited following stimulation with LPS or HMGB1 peptide, while both LPS and HMGB1 peptide elicited translocation of intranuclear HMGB1 in KCs isolated from the control mice.
CONCLUSION M2-like Kupffer cells in fibrotic liver may exert a protective effect against acute insult by inhibiting the translocation of HMGB1.
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20
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Byun K, Yoo Y, Son M, Lee J, Jeong GB, Park YM, Salekdeh GH, Lee B. Advanced glycation end-products produced systemically and by macrophages: A common contributor to inflammation and degenerative diseases. Pharmacol Ther 2017; 177:44-55. [PMID: 28223234 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2017.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 210] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and their receptor have been implicated in the progressions of many intractable diseases, such as diabetes and atherosclerosis, and are also critical for pathologic changes in chronic degenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and alcoholic brain damage. Recently activated macrophages were found to be a source of AGEs, and the most abundant form of AGEs, AGE-albumin excreted by macrophages has been implicated in these diseases and to act through common pathways. AGEs inhibition has been shown to prevent the pathogenesis of AGEs-related diseases in human, and therapeutic advances have resulted in several agents that prevent their adverse effects. Recently, anti-inflammatory molecules that inhibit AGEs have been shown to be good candidates for ameliorating diabetic complications as well as degenerative diseases. This review was undertaken to present, discuss, and clarify current understanding regarding AGEs formation in association with macrophages, different diseases, therapeutic and diagnostic strategy and links with RAGE inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyunghee Byun
- Center for Genomics and Proteomics, Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon 406-840, Republic of Korea; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Gachon University Graduate School of Medicine, Incheon 406-799, Republic of Korea
| | - YongCheol Yoo
- Center for Cognition and Sociality, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 305-811, Republic of Korea
| | - Myeongjoo Son
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Gachon University Graduate School of Medicine, Incheon 406-799, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaesuk Lee
- Center for Genomics and Proteomics, Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon 406-840, Republic of Korea
| | - Goo-Bo Jeong
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Gachon University Graduate School of Medicine, Incheon 406-799, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Mok Park
- Center for Cognition and Sociality, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 305-811, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ghasem Hosseini Salekdeh
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Bonghee Lee
- Center for Genomics and Proteomics, Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon 406-840, Republic of Korea; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Gachon University Graduate School of Medicine, Incheon 406-799, Republic of Korea.
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21
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Zhang QB, Jia QA, Wang H, Hu CX, Sun D, Jiang RD, Zhang ZL. High-mobility group protein box1 expression correlates with peritumoral macrophage infiltration and unfavorable prognosis in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and cirrhosis. BMC Cancer 2016; 16:880. [PMID: 27836008 PMCID: PMC5106788 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-016-2883-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background High-mobility group protein box1 (HMGB1) is a pivotal factor in the development and progression of many types of tumor. Its role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and especially its correlation with intratumoral and peritumoral macrophage infiltration, remains obscure. We analyzed the potential roles and prognostic value of HMGB1 and explored the correlation between HMGB1 and macrophage infiltration in HCC using clinical samples. Methods We reviewed clinicopathological and follow-up data on a cohort of 149 patients with HCC complicated with Hepatitis B-related cirrhosis. We measured the expression of HMGB1 and CD68 in tumoral and peritumoral liver tissues after curative resection and assessed the impacts of the tumor-associated macrophage (TAM) count and HMGB1 expression on clinicopathologic characteristics, overall survival (OS), and recurrence-free survival (RFS). Results Ninety-four of the patients had elevated tumoral HMGB1 expression and 59 of the patients had elevated peritumoral HMGB1 expression, compared to only 4 patients with elevated peritumoral HMGB1 expression in 36 pateints with Hepatitis B virus (HBV)-negative HCC without liver cirrhosis (p < 0.001). The peritumoral HMGB1 expression levels were correlated with tumor invasiveness, BCLC stage, and recurrence. The degree of TAM infiltration was higher in peritumoral tissues with high HMGB1 expression than in peritumoral tissues with low HMGB1 expression (p < 0.001). There was no significant difference in TAM infiltration between tumoral tissues with high and low HMGB1 expression. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that intratumoral HMGB1 overexpression was associated with poor OS, but not with RFS. High peritumoral HMGB1expression and TAM count, which correlated positively with tumor size and BCLC stage, were independent prognostic factors for OS (p < 0.001 and p = 0.017, respectively) and RFS (p = 0.002 and p = 0.024, respectively). Multivariate analyses indicated peritumoral HMGB1 expression (p = 0.014) and TAM count (p = 0.037), as well as tumor differentiation (p = 0.026), to be independent significant prognostic factors for RFS. Conclusions High HMGB1 expression in peritumoral liver tissues correlated with peritumoral macrophage infiltration and had prognostic value in HCC, suggesting that peritumoral HMGB1 might show promise as a new biomarker to predict HCC progression. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12885-016-2883-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang-Bo Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua West Road, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Qing-An Jia
- Cancer Center, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Hong Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Yidu Central Hospital, Weifang Medical University, Qingzhou, 262500, China
| | - Chun-Xiao Hu
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua West Road, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Dong Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua West Road, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Run-De Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua West Road, Jinan, 250012, China.
| | - Zong-Li Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua West Road, Jinan, 250012, China.
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Li X, Jin Q, Yao Q, Xu B, Li Z, Tu C. Quercetin attenuates the activation of hepatic stellate cells and liver fibrosis in mice through modulation of HMGB1-TLR2/4-NF-κB signaling pathways. Toxicol Lett 2016; 261:1-12. [PMID: 27601294 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2016.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Revised: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of quercetin on liver fibrogenesis in mice and to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms. Mice were administered with carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) for eight weeks to induce liver fibrosis and concomitantly orally treated with quercetin (50mgkg-1day-1). Here, we demonstrated that quercetin dramatically ameliorated liver injury, inflammation, and hepatic fibrogenesis induced by CCl4. Quercetin also inhibited the activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSC) in vivo and in vitro, as evaluated by α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) expression, which is a specific marker of HSC activation. Moreover, reduced fibrosis was associated with decreased high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), toll like receptor (TLR) 2 and TLR4 genes, and protein expression. Quercetin also inhibited the cytoplasmic translocation of HMGB1 in hepatocytes of fibrotic livers. Further investigation demonstrated that quercetin treatment significantly attenuated CCl4-induced nuclear translocation of the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) p65 and inhibited degradation of IκBα (an inhibitor of NF-κB) expression in the liver compared with vehicle-treated fibrotic mice. Considered together, our data indicate that quercetin has hepatoprotective and anti-fibrotic effects in animal models of liver fibrosis, the mechanism of which may be involved in modulating the HMGB1-TLR2/4-NF-κB signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Li
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Liver Diseases, Shanghai, China; Department of Geriatrics, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Qianwen Jin
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Liver Diseases, Shanghai, China.
| | - Qunyan Yao
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Liver Diseases, Shanghai, China.
| | - Beili Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Liver Diseases, Shanghai, China.
| | - Zheng Li
- Laboratory Animal Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Chuantao Tu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Liver Diseases, Shanghai, China.
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Chang CY, Chen PH, Lu SC, Hsieh MC, Lin CW, Lee HM, Jawan B, Kao YH. Propofol-enhanced autophagy increases motility and angiogenic capacity of cultured human umbilical vascular endothelial cells. Life Sci 2015; 142:49-59. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2015.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2015] [Revised: 09/07/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Ojo OO, Ryu MH, Jha A, Unruh H, Halayko AJ. High-mobility group box 1 promotes extracellular matrix synthesis and wound repair in human bronchial epithelial cells. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2015; 309:L1354-66. [PMID: 26432865 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00054.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2015] [Accepted: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) protein that binds Toll-like receptors (e.g., TLR4) and the receptor for advanced glycated end products (RAGE). The direct effects of HMGB1 on airway structural cells are not fully known. As epithelial cell responses are fundamental drivers of asthma, including abnormal repair-restitution linked to changes in extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis, we tested the hypothesis that HMGB1 promotes bronchial epithelial cell wound repair via TLR4 and/or RAGE signaling that regulates ECM (fibronectin and the γ2-chain of laminin-5) and integrin protein abundance. To assess impact of HMGB1 we used molecular and pharmacological inhibitors of RAGE or TLR4 signaling in scratch wound, immunofluorescence, and immunoblotting assays to assess wound repair, ECM synthesis, and phosphorylation of intracellular signaling. HMGB1 increased wound closure, and this effect was attenuated by blocking RAGE and TLR4 signaling. HMGB1-induced fibronectin and laminin-5 (γ2 chain) was diminished by blocking RAGE and/or blunting TLR4 signaling. Similarly, induction of α3-integrin receptor for fibronectin and laminin-5 was also diminished by blocking TLR4 signaling and RAGE. Lastly, rapid and/or sustained phosphorylation of SMAD2, ERK1/2, and JNK signaling modulated HMGB1-induced wound closure. Our findings suggest a role for HMGB1 in human airway epithelial cell repair and restitution via multiple pathways mediated by TLR4 and RAGE that underpin increased ECM synthesis and modulation of cell-matrix adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluwaseun O Ojo
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Biology of Breathing Group, Manitoba Institute of Child Health, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Min Hyung Ryu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Biology of Breathing Group, Manitoba Institute of Child Health, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Aruni Jha
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Biology of Breathing Group, Manitoba Institute of Child Health, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Helmut Unruh
- Department of Internal Medicine,University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Section of Thoracic Surgery, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; and
| | - Andrew J Halayko
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Department of Internal Medicine,University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Biology of Breathing Group, Manitoba Institute of Child Health, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
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Cui W, Li L, Li D, Mo X, Zhou W, Zhang Z, Xu L, Zhao P, Qi L, Li P, Gao J. Total glycosides of Yupingfeng protects against bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats associated with reduced high mobility group box 1 activation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Inflamm Res 2015; 64:953-61. [PMID: 26411348 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-015-0878-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2015] [Revised: 09/11/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a fatal inflammatory disease with limited effective strategies. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a pivotal origin of myofibroblasts that secrete extracellular matrix (ECM) in the development of PF. High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), one of the mediators of inflammation, has been proved abnormal activation in the pathogenesis of PF. AIM The present study was aimed to investigate the potential effects of total glycoside of Yupingfeng (YPF-G), the natural compound extracted from Yupingfeng san, on HMGB1 activation and EMT in bleomycin-induced PF, which was a serious disease of respiratory system. METHODS The Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat model of PF was duplicated by intratracheal instillation of bleomycin (5 mg kg(-1)). After that, YPF-G (5, 10 mg kg(-1)) and prednisone (5 mg kg(-1)) were separately administered intragastrically, and then the rats were killed at days 14 and 28, respectively. Hematoxylin and eosin and Masson's trichrome staining were performed to assess the histopathologic level of lung tissues, western blotting and the common kits were utilized to investigate the hallmarks molecule expression of ECM and EMT, and the level of HMGB1 in lung tissues and serum. RESULTS We found that both dose of YPF-G markedly reduced bleomycin-induced alveolitis and PF in rats. Besides, the levels of HMGB1, laminin, hyaluronic acid, and hydroxyproline were effectively reduced. Meanwhile, the increased protein expression of HMGB1 and the mesenchymal markers including vimentin and alpha-smooth muscle actin, and the decreased protein expression of epithelial marker E-cadherin were dramatically inhibited after YPF-G treatment. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrated that YPF-G could ameliorate bleomycin-induced PF by reducing HMGB1 activation and reversing EMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Cui
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.,The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 218 Jixi Road, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China
| | - Liucheng Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 3 East Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang, China
| | - Delin Li
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, 103 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230038, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaoting Mo
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.,The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 218 Jixi Road, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China
| | - Wencheng Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.,The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 218 Jixi Road, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China
| | - Zhihui Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 218 Jixi Road, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China
| | - Liang Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, 103 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230038, Anhui, China
| | - Ping Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, 103 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230038, Anhui, China
| | - Lianwen Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjia Xiang, Jiangsu, 210009, Nanjing, China
| | - Ping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjia Xiang, Jiangsu, 210009, Nanjing, China
| | - Jian Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China. .,The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 218 Jixi Road, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China.
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26
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Choi HS, Kang JW, Lee SM. Melatonin attenuates carbon tetrachloride-induced liver fibrosis via inhibition of necroptosis. Transl Res 2015; 166:292-303. [PMID: 25936762 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2015.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2015] [Revised: 04/01/2015] [Accepted: 04/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the protective mechanisms of melatonin (MLT) associated with necroptosis signaling and damage-associated molecular patterns, which are mediated by the activation of pattern recognition receptors in liver fibrosis. Rats were given an intraperitoneal injection of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) dissolved in olive oil (1:3, vol/vol) twice a week (0.5 mL/kg) for 8 weeks. During this period, MLT was administered orally at 2.5, 5, and 10 mg/kg once a day. Chronic CCl4 administration increased hepatic hydroxyproline content and hepatocellular damage. MLT attenuated these increases. The expression levels of transforming growth factor β1 and α-smooth muscle actin that were increased by chronic CCl4 exposure were attenuated by MLT. CCl4 significantly increased receptor-interacting protein 1 (RIP1) expression, the formation of the RIP1 and RIP3 necrosome complex, and the level of mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein in liver tissue, which were attenuated by MLT. MLT also attenuated CCl4-induced increases in serum high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) and interleukin 1α, as well as the interaction between HMGB1 receptors for advanced glycation end products (RAGE). The increases in toll-like receptor 4 expression, p38, c-Jun N-terminal kinases phosphorylation, and nuclear factor κB translocation were suppressed by MLT. MLT attenuated the overexpression of RAGE, increased level of early growth response protein 1, and increased messenger RNA level of macrophage inflammatory protein 2. Our findings suggest MLT may prevent liver fibrosis by inhibiting necroptosis-associated inflammatory signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo-Sun Choi
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Jung-Woo Kang
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Sun-Mee Lee
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, Korea.
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27
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Hung TM, Yuan RH, Huang WP, Chen YH, Lin YC, Lin CW, Lai HS, Lee PH. Increased Autophagy Markers Are Associated with Ductular Reaction during the Development of Cirrhosis. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2015; 185:2454-67. [PMID: 26158232 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2015.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2014] [Revised: 05/04/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is a regulatory pathway in liver fibrosis. We investigated the roles of autophagy in human cirrhotic livers. Cirrhotic and noncirrhotic liver tissues were obtained from patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, and liver tissues from live donors served as control. Patients with cirrhotic livers had significantly increased levels of various essential autophagy-related genes compared with noncirrhotic livers. In addition, colocalization of autophagy marker microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3B (LC3B) with lysosome-associated membrane protein-1, increased levels of lysosome-associated membrane protein-2, and increased maturation of lysosomal cathepsin D were observed in cirrhotic livers. By using dual-immunofluorescence staining, we demonstrated that increased LC3B was located mainly in the cytokeratin 19-labeled ductular reaction (DR) in human cirrhotic livers and in an experimental cirrhosis induced by 2-acetylaminofluorene (AAF) with carbon tetrachloride (CCl4), indicating a conserved response to chronic liver damage. Furthermore, an AAF/CCl4-mediated increase in DR and fibrosis were attenuated after chloroquine treatment, suggesting that the autophagy-lysosome pathway was essential for AAF/CCl4-induced DR-fibrosis. In conclusion, we demonstrated that increased autophagy marker positively correlated with DR during the development of cirrhosis. Therefore, targeting autophagy may hold therapeutic value for liver cirrhosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Min Hung
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, E-DA Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ray-Hwang Yuan
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Integrated Diagnostics and Therapeutics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Pang Huang
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsuan Chen
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chun Lin
- Department of Medical Research, E-DA Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Wen Lin
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, E-DA Hospital/I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Shiee Lai
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Huang Lee
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Surgery, E-DA Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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Li LC, Li DL, Xu L, Mo XT, Cui WH, Zhao P, Zhou WC, Gao J, Li J. High-Mobility Group Box 1 Mediates Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition in Pulmonary Fibrosis Involving Transforming Growth Factor-β1/Smad2/3 Signaling. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2015; 354:302-9. [DOI: 10.1124/jpet.114.222372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2014] [Accepted: 06/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Yamagishi SI, Matsui T. Role of receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) in liver disease. Eur J Med Res 2015; 20:15. [PMID: 25888859 PMCID: PMC4328656 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-015-0090-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2014] [Accepted: 01/22/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) belongs to a immunoglobulin superfamily of cell surface molecules that could bind to a number of ligands such as advanced glycation end products, high-mobility group protein box-1, S-100 calcium-binding protein, and amyloid-β-protein, inducing a series of signal transduction cascades, and being involved in a variety of cellular function, including inflammation, proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, migration, and fibrosis. RAGE is expressed in hepatic stellate cells and hepatocytes and hepatoma cells. There is accumulating evidence that engagement of RAGE with various ligands elicits oxidative stress generation and subsequently activates the RAGE downstream pathway in the liver, thereby contributing to the development and progression of numerous types of hepatic disorders. These observations suggest that inhibition of the RAGE signaling pathway could be a novel therapeutic target for liver diseases. This article summarizes the pathological role of RAGE in hepatic insulin resistance, steatosis and fibrosis, ischemic and non-ischemic liver injury, and hepatocellular carcinoma growth and metastasis and its therapeutic interventions for these devastating disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sho-ichi Yamagishi
- Department of Pathophysiology and Therapeutics of Diabetic Vascular Complications, Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahi-machi, Kurume, 830-0011, Japan.
| | - Takanori Matsui
- Department of Pathophysiology and Therapeutics of Diabetic Vascular Complications, Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahi-machi, Kurume, 830-0011, Japan.
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Batkulwar KB, Bansode SB, Patil GV, Godbole RK, Kazi RS, Chinnathambi S, Shanmugam D, Kulkarni MJ. Investigation of phosphoproteome in RAGE signaling. Proteomics 2014; 15:245-59. [DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201400169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2014] [Revised: 08/14/2014] [Accepted: 10/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kedar B. Batkulwar
- Proteomics Facility; Division of Biochemical Sciences; CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory; Pune India
| | - Sneha B. Bansode
- Proteomics Facility; Division of Biochemical Sciences; CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory; Pune India
| | - Gouri V. Patil
- Proteomics Facility; Division of Biochemical Sciences; CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory; Pune India
| | - Rashmi K. Godbole
- Proteomics Facility; Division of Biochemical Sciences; CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory; Pune India
| | - Rubina S. Kazi
- Proteomics Facility; Division of Biochemical Sciences; CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory; Pune India
| | | | - Dhanasekaran Shanmugam
- Proteomics Facility; Division of Biochemical Sciences; CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory; Pune India
| | - Mahesh J. Kulkarni
- Proteomics Facility; Division of Biochemical Sciences; CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory; Pune India
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