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Dai M, Yang J, Wang Z, Xue F, Wang Y, Hu E, Gong Y, Routledge MN, Qiao B. Aquaporins alteration revealed kidney damages in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion rats. Heliyon 2024; 10:e31532. [PMID: 38807874 PMCID: PMC11130722 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Restoration of blood supply is a desired goal for the treatment of acute ischemic stroke. However, the restoration often leads to cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIR/I), which greatly increases the risk of non-neural organ damage. In particular, the acute kidney injury might be one of the most common complications. Aims The study aimed to understand the damage occurred and the potential molecular mechanisms. Methods The study was explored on the CIR/I rats generated by performing middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/Reperfusion). The rats were evaluated with injury on the brains, followed by the non-neural organs including kidneys, livers, colons and stomachs. They were examined further with histopathological changes, and gene expression alterations by using RT-qPCR of ten aquaporins (Aqps) subtypes including Aqp1~Aqp9 and Aqp11. Furthermore, the Aqps expression profiles were constructed for each organ and analyzed by performing Principle Component Analysis. In addition, immunohistochemistry was explored to look at the protein expression of Aqp1, Aqp2, Aqp3 and Aqp4 in the rat kidneys. Results There was a prominent down-regulation profile in the MCAO/Reperfusion rat kidneys. The protein expression of Aqp1, Aqp2, Aqp3 and Aqp4 was decreased in the kidneys of the MCAO/Reperfusion rats. We suggested that the kidney was in the highest risk to be damaged following the CIR/I. Down-regulation of Aqp2, Aqp3 and Aqp4 was involved in the acute kidney injury induced by the CIR/I.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Dai
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Modern Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, No. 229 TaiBai North Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710069, PR China
- Shaanxi Traditional Chinese Medicine Innovation Engineering Technology Research Center, No. 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710069, PR China
| | - Jinglei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Modern Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, No. 229 TaiBai North Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710069, PR China
- Shaanxi Traditional Chinese Medicine Innovation Engineering Technology Research Center, No. 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710069, PR China
| | - Zhaoyang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Modern Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, No. 229 TaiBai North Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710069, PR China
- Shaanxi Traditional Chinese Medicine Innovation Engineering Technology Research Center, No. 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710069, PR China
| | - Fangli Xue
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Modern Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, No. 229 TaiBai North Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710069, PR China
- Shaanxi Traditional Chinese Medicine Innovation Engineering Technology Research Center, No. 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710069, PR China
| | - Yourui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Modern Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, No. 229 TaiBai North Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710069, PR China
- Shaanxi Traditional Chinese Medicine Innovation Engineering Technology Research Center, No. 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710069, PR China
| | - Enjie Hu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Modern Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, No. 229 TaiBai North Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710069, PR China
- Shaanxi Traditional Chinese Medicine Innovation Engineering Technology Research Center, No. 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710069, PR China
| | - Yunyun Gong
- School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
| | - Michael N. Routledge
- School of Medicine, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE1 7RH, United Kingdom
- Jiangsu University, Sch Food & Biol Engn, Zhenjiang, 212013, PR China
| | - Boling Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Modern Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, No. 229 TaiBai North Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710069, PR China
- Shaanxi Traditional Chinese Medicine Innovation Engineering Technology Research Center, No. 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710069, PR China
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Olanlokun JO, Abiodun OW, Adegbuyi AT, Koorbanally NA, Olorunsogo OO. Mefloquine-curcumin combinations improve host mitochondrial respiration and decrease mitotoxic effects of mefloquine in Plasmodium berghei-infected mice. CURRENT RESEARCH IN PHARMACOLOGY AND DRUG DISCOVERY 2024; 6:100180. [PMID: 38725654 PMCID: PMC11081784 DOI: 10.1016/j.crphar.2024.100180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Plasmodium infection is a health challenge. Although, antiplasmodial drugs kill the parasites, information on the effects of infection and drugs on the expression of some genes is limited. Malaria was induced in two different studies using NK65 (chloroquine-susceptible, study 1), and ANKA (chloroquine-resistant, study 2) strains of Plasmodium berghei in 30 male Swiss mice (n = 5) in each study. Mice orally received 10 mL/kg distilled water, (infected control), Mefloquine (MF) (10 mg/kg), MF and Curcumin (CM) (25 mg/kg), MF and CM (50 mg/kg), CM (25 mg/kg) and CM (50 mg/kg). Five mice (un-infected) were used as the control. After treatment, total Ribonucleic acid (RNA) was isolated from liver and erythrocytes while Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)-free RNA were converted to cDNA. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) amplification was performed and relative expressions of FIKK12, AQP3, P38 MAPK, NADH oxidoreductase, and cytochrome oxidase expressions were determined. Markers of glycolysis, toxicity and antioxidants were determined using ELISA assays. While the expression of FIKK12 was blunted by MF in the susceptible study, co-treatment with curcumin (25 mg/kg) yielded the same results in the chloroquine-resistant study. Similar results were obtained on AQP3 in both studies. Curcumin decreased P38 MAPK in both studies. Plasmodium infection decreased NADH oxidoreductase and cytochrome oxidase but mefloquine-curcumin restored the expression of these genes. While glycolysis and toxicity were inhibited, antioxidant systems improved in the treated groups. Curcumin is needed for effective therapeutic efficacy and prevention of toxicity. Plasmodium infection and treatment modulate the expressions of some genes in the host. Curcumin combination with mefloquine modulates the expression of some genes in the host.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Oludele Olanlokun
- Laboratories for Biomemebrane Research and Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Oshireku Wisdom Abiodun
- Laboratories for Biomemebrane Research and Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | | | - Neil Anthony Koorbanally
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban, 4000, South Africa
| | - Olufunso Olabode Olorunsogo
- Laboratories for Biomemebrane Research and Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
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Chambers BE, Weaver NE, Lara CM, Nguyen TK, Wingert RA. (Zebra)fishing for nephrogenesis genes. Tissue Barriers 2024; 12:2219605. [PMID: 37254823 PMCID: PMC11042071 DOI: 10.1080/21688370.2023.2219605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Kidney disease is a devastating condition affecting millions of people worldwide, where over 100,000 patients in the United States alone remain waiting for a lifesaving organ transplant. Concomitant with a surge in personalized medicine, single-gene mutations, and polygenic risk alleles have been brought to the forefront as core causes of a spectrum of renal disorders. With the increasing prevalence of kidney disease, it is imperative to make substantial strides in the field of kidney genetics. Nephrons, the core functional units of the kidney, are epithelial tubules that act as gatekeepers of body homeostasis by absorbing and secreting ions, water, and small molecules to filter the blood. Each nephron contains a series of proximal and distal segments with explicit metabolic functions. The embryonic zebrafish provides an ideal platform to systematically dissect the genetic cues governing kidney development. Here, we review the use of zebrafish to discover nephrogenesis genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brooke E. Chambers
- Department of Biological Sciences, Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Center for Zebrafish Research, Boler-Parseghian Center for Rare and Neglected Diseases, Warren Center for Drug Discovery, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana (IN), USA
| | - Nicole E. Weaver
- Department of Biological Sciences, Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Center for Zebrafish Research, Boler-Parseghian Center for Rare and Neglected Diseases, Warren Center for Drug Discovery, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana (IN), USA
| | - Caroline M. Lara
- Department of Biological Sciences, Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Center for Zebrafish Research, Boler-Parseghian Center for Rare and Neglected Diseases, Warren Center for Drug Discovery, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana (IN), USA
| | - Thanh Khoa Nguyen
- Department of Biological Sciences, Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Center for Zebrafish Research, Boler-Parseghian Center for Rare and Neglected Diseases, Warren Center for Drug Discovery, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana (IN), USA
| | - Rebecca A. Wingert
- Department of Biological Sciences, Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Center for Zebrafish Research, Boler-Parseghian Center for Rare and Neglected Diseases, Warren Center for Drug Discovery, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana (IN), USA
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Michałek K, Oberska P, Murawski M, Schwarz T, Tomaszewska E, Muszyński S, Świątkiewicz M, Korytkowski Ł, Bonior J, Zelent M, Ayomide DSA, Grabowska M. Kidney morphology and renal expression of aquaporins 2, 3 and 4 during cerulein - Induced chronic pancreatitis in pigs. Adv Med Sci 2023; 68:306-313. [PMID: 37708639 DOI: 10.1016/j.advms.2023.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is associated with serious complications and reduced quality of life. Kidney failure is a frequent complication of acute pancreatitis (AP), however limited information is available regarding the impact of CP on this condition. In the kidney, 9 aquaporins (AQPs) are expressed to maintain body water homeostasis and concentrate urine. The purpose of this study was to morphologically assess and analyze the location and expression of AQP2, AQP3 and AQP4 and determine whether CP affects renal structure and expression of AQPs in collecting duct (CD) principal cells. MATERIALS/METHODS CP was induced in domestic pigs through intramuscular injections of cerulein (1 μg/kg bw/day for 6 days; n = 5); pigs without CP (n = 5) were used as a control group. Kidney samples were collected 6 weeks after the last injection and subjected to histological examination. Expression of AQPs was determined by immunohistochemistry and Western blot. RESULTS The kidneys of animals with CP exhibited moderate changes, including glomerular enlargement, increased collagen percentage, numerous stromal erythrorrhages and inflammatory infiltrations compared to control group. Although the total abundance of AQP2 in the CD decreased in pigs after cerulein administration, the difference was not statistically significant. Expression of AQP3 and AQP4 was limited to the basolateral membrane of the CD cells. AQP4 abundance remained relatively stable in both groups, while AQP3 expression increased nearly three-fold in pigs with CP. CONCLUSION This study identified morphological alterations and a statistically significant increase in the expression of renal AQP3 when pigs developed CP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Michałek
- Department of Physiology, Cytobiology and Proteomics, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Patrycja Oberska
- Department of Physiology, Cytobiology and Proteomics, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Poland
| | - Maciej Murawski
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Biotechnology and Fisheries, University of Agriculture in Kraków, Poland
| | - Tomasz Schwarz
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Ethology, University of Agriculture in Kraków, Poland
| | - Ewa Tomaszewska
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Poland
| | - Siemowit Muszyński
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Environmental Biology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Świątkiewicz
- National Research Institute of Animal Production, Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science Balice, Poland
| | - Łukasz Korytkowski
- National Research Institute of Animal Production, Department of Reproductive Biotechnology and Cryoconservation, Balice, Poland
| | - Joanna Bonior
- Department of Medical Physiology, Institute of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland
| | - Mateusz Zelent
- Department of Physiology, Cytobiology and Proteomics, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Poland
| | - David Salako-Adeoye Ayomide
- Department of Physiology, Cytobiology and Proteomics, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Poland
| | - Marta Grabowska
- Department of Histology and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
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Aquaporins Display a Diversity in their Substrates. J Membr Biol 2023; 256:1-23. [PMID: 35986775 DOI: 10.1007/s00232-022-00257-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Aquaporins constitute a family of transmembrane proteins that function to transport water and other small solutes across the cell membrane. Aquaporins family members are found in diverse life forms. Aquaporins share the common structural fold consisting of six transmembrane alpha helices with a central water-transporting channel. Four such monomers assemble together to form tetramers as their biological unit. Initially, aquaporins were discovered as water-transporting channels, but several studies supported their involvement in mediating the facilitated diffusion of different solutes. The so-called water channel is able to transport a variety of substrates ranging from a neutral molecule to a charged molecule or a small molecule to a bulky molecule or even a gas molecule. This article gives an overview of a diverse range of substrates conducted by aquaporin family members. Prime focus is on human aquaporins where aquaporins show a wide tissue distribution and substrate specificity leading to various physiological functions. This review also highlights the structural mechanisms leading to the transport of water and glycerol. More research is needed to understand how one common fold enables the aquaporins to transport an array of solutes.
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Qiu Z, Jiang T, Li Y, Wang W, Yang B. Aquaporins in Urinary System. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1398:155-177. [PMID: 36717493 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-19-7415-1_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
There are at least eight aquaporins (AQPs) expressed in the kidney. Including AQP1 expressed in proximal tubules, thin descending limb of Henle and vasa recta; AQP2, AQP3, AQP4, AQP5, and AQP6 expressed in collecting ducts; AQP7 expressed in proximal tubules; AQP8 expressed in proximal tubules and collecting ducts; and AQP11 expressed in the endoplasmic reticulum of proximal tubular epithelial cells. Over years, researchers have constructed different AQP knockout mice and explored the effect of AQP knockout on kidney function. Thus, the roles of AQPs in renal physiology are revealed, providing very useful information for addressing fundamental questions about transepithelial water transport and the mechanism of near isoosmolar fluid reabsorption. This chapter introduces the localization and function of AQPs in the kidney and their roles in different kidney diseases to reveal the prospects of AQPs in further basic and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- College of Basic Medicine, Beihua University, Jilin, China
| | - Yingjie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Weiling Wang
- Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Baoxue Yang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.
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Zwiech R, Bruzda-Zwiech A, Balcerczak E, Szczepańska J, Krygier A, Małachowska B, Michałek D, Szmajda-Krygier D. A potential link between AQP3 and SLC14A1 gene expression level and clinical parameters of maintenance hemodialysis patients. BMC Nephrol 2022; 23:297. [PMID: 36038817 PMCID: PMC9426232 DOI: 10.1186/s12882-022-02922-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The transport of water and urea through the erythrocyte membrane is facilitated by aquaporins such as aquaglyceroporin (AQP3), and type B urea transporters (UT-B). As they may play an important role in osmotic balance of maintenance hemodialysis (HD) patients, the aim of the present study was to determine whether any relationship exists between the expression of their genes and the biochemical / clinical parameters in HD patients. Methods AQP3 and UT-B (SLC14A1) gene expression was evaluated using RT-qPCR analysis in 76 HD patients and 35 participants with no kidney failure. Results The HD group demonstrated significantly higher median expression of AQP3 and UT-B (Z = 2.16; P = 0.03 and Z = 8.82; p < 0.0001, respectively) than controls. AQP3 negatively correlated with pre-dialysis urea serum concentration (R = -0.22; P = 0.049) and sodium gradient (R = -0.31; P = 0.04); however, no significant UT-B correlations were observed. Regarding the cause of end-stage kidney disease, AQP3 expression positively correlated with erythropoietin dosages in the chronic glomerulonephritis (GN) subgroup (R = 0.6; P = 0.003), but negatively in the diabetic nephropathy subgroup (R = -0.59; P = 0.004). UT-B positively correlated with inter-dialytic weight gain% in the GN subgroup (R = 0.47; P = 0.03). Conclusion Maintenance hemodialysis seems significantly modify AQP3 and UT-B expression but their link to clinical and biochemical parameters needs further large-scale evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafał Zwiech
- Dialysis Department, Norbert Barlicki Memorial Teaching Hospital, No. 1, Lodz, Poland
| | | | - Ewa Balcerczak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Joanna Szczepańska
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Adrian Krygier
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Beata Małachowska
- Department of Biostatistics and Translational Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Dominika Michałek
- Department of Biostatistics and Translational Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Dagmara Szmajda-Krygier
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
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Treadmill Exercise Training Ameliorates Functional and Structural Age-Associated Kidney Changes in Male Albino Rats. ScientificWorldJournal 2021; 2021:1393372. [PMID: 34887703 PMCID: PMC8651424 DOI: 10.1155/2021/1393372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is a biological process that impacts multiple organs. Unfortunately, kidney aging affects the quality of life with high mortality rate. So, searching for innovative nonpharmacological modality improving age-associated kidney deterioration is important. This study aimed to throw more light on the beneficial effect of treadmill exercise on the aged kidney. Thirty male albino rats were divided into three groups: young (3-4 months old), sedentary aged (23-24 months old), and exercised aged (23-24 months old, practiced moderate-intensity treadmill exercise 5 days/week for 8 weeks). The results showed marked structural alterations in the aged kidney with concomitant impairment of kidney functions and increase in arterial blood pressure with no significant difference in kidney weight. Also, it revealed that treadmill exercise alleviated theses effects in exercised aged group with reduction of urea and cystatin C. Exercise training significantly decreased glomerulosclerosis index, tubular injury score, and % area of collagen deposition. Treadmill exercise exerted its beneficial role via a significant reduction of C-reactive protein and malondialdehyde and increase in total antioxidant capacity. In addition, exercise training significantly decreased desmin immunoreaction and increased aquaporin-3, vascular endothelial growth factor, and beclin-1 in the aged kidney. This study clarified that treadmill exercise exerted its effects via antioxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms, podocyte protection, improving aquaporin-3 and vascular endothelial growth factor expression, and inducing autophagy in the aged kidney. This work provided a new insight into the promising role of aerobic exercise to ameliorate age-associated kidney damage.
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Unexpected localization of AQP3 and AQP4 induced by migration of primary cultured IMCD cells. Sci Rep 2021; 11:11930. [PMID: 34099798 PMCID: PMC8185088 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-91369-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Aquaporin-2-4 (AQP) are expressed in the principal cells of the renal collecting duct (CD). Beside their role in water transport across membranes, several studies showed that AQPs can influence the migration of cells. It is unknown whether this also applies for renal CD cells. Another fact is that the expression of these AQPs is highly modulated by the external osmolality. Here we analyzed the localization of AQP2-4 in primary cultured renal inner medullary CD (IMCD) cells and how osmolality influences the migration behavior of these cells. The primary IMCD cells showed a collective migration behavior and there were no differences in the migration speed between cells cultivated either at 300 or 600 mosmol/kg. Acute increase from 300 to 600 mosmol/kg led to a marked reduction and vice versa an acute decrease from 600 to 300 mosmol/kg to a marked increase in migration speed. Interestingly, none of the analyzed AQPs were localized at the leading edge. While AQP3 disappeared within the first 2-3 rows of cells, AQP4 was enriched at the rear end. Further analysis indicated that migration induced lysosomal degradation of AQP3. This could be prevented by activation of the protein kinase A, inducing localization of AQP3 and AQP2 at the leading edge and increasing the migration speed.
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Fan Y, Ma M, Feng X, Song T, Wei Q, Lin T. Overexpression of aquaporin 2 in renal tubular epithelial cells alleviates pyroptosis. Transl Androl Urol 2021; 10:2340-2350. [PMID: 34295721 PMCID: PMC8261442 DOI: 10.21037/tau-21-71] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Severe renal ischemia-reperfusion injury results in worse outcomes of kidney transplantation. Compared to the collecting duct, the proximal tubule is more likely to exhibit severe pyroptosis and damage during renal ischemia-reperfusion. Aquaporins were reported of having regulatory roles in pyroptosis. We explored whether aquaporin 2 overexpression in proximal tubular cells could alleviate ischemia-reperfusion injury related pyroptosis. Methods A renal ischemia-reperfusion model of mice was established, and human kidney 2 cells were treated with hypoxia-reoxygenation. Aquaporin 2 overexpression was achieved in human kidney 2 cells transfected with lentivirus, which were then cultured with murine cells. Renal tissues and serum of the mice, and human kidney 2 cells were subjected to histological, molecular, and biochemical examinations. Results Compared with the sham group, the renal function of the ischemia-reperfusion group was significantly decreased, and the tissue injury was severe and accompanied by more nuclear dissolved and necrosis. Besides, the expression of aquaporin 1-5 decreased significantly, while the expression of Toll-like receptor 4, caspase-1, kim-1 and interleukin 1β and 18 increased significantly in ischemia-reperfusion group. Similar results were observed in the human kidney 2 cells test. Overexpression of aquaporin 2 partially reversed the cell damage, pyroptosis, and molecular expression changes of human kidney 2 cells induced by hypoxia-reoxygenation. Conclusions Our findings suggest that aquaporin 2 overexpression can potentially reduce pyroptosis in proximal tubular cells, and thus might be a novel target for relieving pyroptosis and injury in renal ischemia-reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Fan
- Urology Department, Urology Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Organ Transplantation Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ming Ma
- Urology Department, Urology Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Organ Transplantation Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaobing Feng
- Urology Department, Urology Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Organ Transplantation Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Turun Song
- Urology Department, Urology Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Organ Transplantation Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiang Wei
- Urology Department, Urology Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tao Lin
- Urology Department, Urology Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Organ Transplantation Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Hu BC, Wu GH, Shao ZQ, Zheng Y, Liu JQ, Zhang R, Hong J, Yang XH, Sun RH, Mo SJ. Redox DAPK1 destabilizes Pellino1 to govern inflammation-coupling tubular damage during septic AKI. Am J Cancer Res 2020; 10:11479-11496. [PMID: 33052227 PMCID: PMC7546007 DOI: 10.7150/thno.49870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tubular damage initiated by inflammatory response and ischemic/hypoxic stress is a hallmark of septic acute kidney injury (AKI), albeit the molecular mechanism coupling the two events remains unclear. We investigated the intrinsic nature of tubular damage with respect to inflammatory/hypoxic stress during septic AKI. Methods: The apoptotic response of tubular cells to LPS stimuli was analyzed before and after hypoxia exposure. Cellular ubiquitination, co-immunoprecipitation, GST-pulldown, in vitro protein kinase assay, immunofluorescence and CRISPR technology were adopted to determine the molecular mechanism underlying this process. In vivo characterization was performed in wild-type and DAPK1-/- mice models of cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). Results: We found that the MyD88-dependent inflammatory response couples to tubular damage during LPS stimuli under hypoxia in a Fn14/SCFFbxw7α-dispensable manner via recruitment of caspase-8 with TRIF-RIP1 signalosome mediated by DAPK1, which directly binds to and phosphorylates Pellino1 at Ser39, leading to Pellino1 poly-ubiquitination and turnover. Either pharmacological deactivation or genetic ablation of DAPK1 makes tubular cells refractory to the LPS-induced damage in the context of hypoxia, while kinase activity of DAPK1 is essential for ruin execution. Targeting DAPK1 effectively protects mice against septic AKI and potentiates the efficacy of a MyD88 homodimerization inhibitor, ST2825. Conclusion: Our findings provide a rationale for the mechanism whereby inflammation intersects with hypoxic tubular damage during septic AKI through a previously unappreciated role of DAPK1-inducible Ser39 phosphorylation in Pellino1 turnover and underscore that combined targeting DAPK1 and MyD88 might be a feasible strategy for septic AKI management.
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Ganoderic acid A is the effective ingredient of Ganoderma triterpenes in retarding renal cyst development in polycystic kidney disease. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2020; 41:782-790. [PMID: 31911637 PMCID: PMC7468358 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-019-0329-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is one of the most common life-threatening monogenetic diseases characterized by progressive enlargement of fluid-filled renal cysts. Our previous study has shown that Ganoderma triterpenes (GT) retards PKD renal cyst development. In the present study we identified the effective ingredient of GT in suppression of kidney cyst development. Using an in vitro MDCK cystogenesis model, we identified ganoderic acid A (GA-A) as the most promising candidate among the 12 ganoderic acid (GA) monomers. We further showed that GA-A (6.25−100 μM) significantly inhibited cyst growth in MDCK cyst model and embryonic kidney cyst model in vitro, and the inhibitory effect was reversible. In kidney-specific Pkd1 knockout (kPKD) mice displaying severe cystic kidney disease, administration of GA-A (50 mg· kg−1 ·d−1, sc) significantly attenuated renal cyst development. In both MDCK cells and kidney of kPKD mice, we revealed that GA-A dose-dependently downregulated the Ras/MAPK signaling pathway. The expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) was also suppressed, suggesting a possible effect of GA-A on cell proliferation. These experimental data suggest that GA-A may be the main ingredient of GT as a potential therapeutic reagent for treating ADPKD.
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Chen S, Fang H, Li J, Shi JH, Zhang J, Wen P, Wang Z, Cao S, Yang H, Pan J, Tang H, Zhang H, Guo W, Zhang S. Donor Brain Death Leads to a Worse Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury and Biliary Injury After Liver Transplantation in Rats. Transplant Proc 2020; 52:373-382. [PMID: 31955852 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2019.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brain-dead (BD) donor is the main source for liver transplantation (LT). We aim to investigate the effect of brain death on donor liver inflammatory activity and its association with ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury and biliary tract injury after LT. MATERIAL AND METHOD A brain death model using male Lewis rats was established, in both BD and non-BD groups; livers were harvested for transplantation using a 2-cuff technique. The rats were sacrificed 12 hours (n = 10) or 4 weeks (n = 10) after transplantation. I/R injury and long-term biliary tract injury were observed after transplantation. RESULTS All rats survived for 4 weeks after transplantation. At 12 hours after BD-donor LT (BDDLT), liver injury worsened; serum transaminases, bilirubin, oxidative stress, inflammatory responses and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining level substantially increased (P < .05). At 4 weeks after BDDLT, serum bilirubin and bile lactate dehydrogenase and γ-glutamyl transpeptidase levels were elevated (P < .05). Biliary fibrosis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) were detectable and NDRG1 gene expression was decreased. CONCLUSIONS These results suggested that brain death-induced inflammatory response in donor organs and resulted in a worse I/R injury and biliary tract injury after LT in rats. The brain death-related biliary tract injury may be associated with the regulation of EMT through NDRG1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanyang Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China; Henen Key Laboratory of Digestive Organ Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China; Open and Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery Digestive Organ Transplantation at Henan University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China; Zheng Zhou Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases and Organ Transplantation, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Hongbo Fang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Ji-Hua Shi
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China; Henen Key Laboratory of Digestive Organ Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China; Open and Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery Digestive Organ Transplantation at Henan University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China; Zheng Zhou Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases and Organ Transplantation, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Jiakai Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Peihao Wen
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Zhihui Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Shengli Cao
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Han Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Jie Pan
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Hongwei Tang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China; Henen Key Laboratory of Digestive Organ Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China; Open and Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery Digestive Organ Transplantation at Henan University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China; Zheng Zhou Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases and Organ Transplantation, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Huapeng Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China; Henen Key Laboratory of Digestive Organ Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China; Open and Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery Digestive Organ Transplantation at Henan University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China; Zheng Zhou Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases and Organ Transplantation, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Wenzhi Guo
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China; Henen Key Laboratory of Digestive Organ Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China; Open and Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery Digestive Organ Transplantation at Henan University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China; Zheng Zhou Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases and Organ Transplantation, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Shuijun Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China; Henen Key Laboratory of Digestive Organ Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China; Open and Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery Digestive Organ Transplantation at Henan University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China; Zheng Zhou Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases and Organ Transplantation, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China.
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Su W, Cao R, Zhang XY, Guan Y. Aquaporins in the kidney: physiology and pathophysiology. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2019; 318:F193-F203. [PMID: 31682170 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00304.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The kidney is the central organ involved in maintaining water and sodium balance. In human kidneys, nine aquaporins (AQPs), including AQP1-8 and AQP11, have been found and are differentially expressed along the renal tubules and collecting ducts with distinct and critical roles in the regulation of body water homeostasis and urine concentration. Dysfunction and dysregulation of these AQPs result in various water balance disorders. This review summarizes current understanding of physiological and pathophysiological roles of AQPs in the kidney, with a focus on recent progress on AQP2 regulation by the nuclear receptor transcriptional factors. This review also provides an overview of AQPs as clinical biomarkers and therapeutic targets for renal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Su
- Department of Pathophysiology, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Rong Cao
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.,The Second People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Youfei Guan
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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15
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Aquaporin-1 attenuates macrophage-mediated inflammatory responses by inhibiting p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase activation in lipopolysaccharide-induced acute kidney injury. Inflamm Res 2019; 68:1035-1047. [PMID: 31529146 PMCID: PMC6823654 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-019-01285-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study was designed to investigate the role of AQP1 in the development of LPS-induced AKI and its potential regulatory mechanisms in the inflammatory responses of macrophages. Methods Male Wistar rats were injected intraperitoneally with LPS, and biochemical and histological renal damage was assessed. The levels of inflammatory mediators, macrophage markers and AQP1 in blood and kidney tissues were assessed by ELISA. RTPCR was used to assess changes in the relative levels of AQP1 mRNA induced by LPS. Western blot and immunofluorescence analyses were performed to assay the activation of the p38 MAPK and NF-κB pathways, respectively. The same detection methods were used in vitro to determine the regulatory mechanisms underlying AQP1 function. Results AQP1 mRNA levels were dramatically decreased in AKI rats following the increased expression of inflammatory factors. In vitro experiments demonstrated that silencing the AQP1 gene increased inflammatory mediator secretion, altered the classical activation of macrophages, greatly enhanced the phosphorylation of p38 and accelerated the translocation of NF-κB. Furthermore, these results were blocked by doramapimod, a p38 inhibitor. Therefore, these effects were mediated by the increased phosphorylation of p38 MAPK. Conclusion Our results suggest that altered AQP1 expression may be associated with the development of inflammation in AKI. AQP1 plays a protective role in modulating acute renal injury and can attenuate macrophage-mediated inflammatory responses by downregulating p38 MAPK activity in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells. The pharmacological targeting of AQP1-mediated p38 MAPK signalling may provide a novel treatment approach for AKI.
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Zhang Y, Su H, Zhang J, Kong J. The Effects of Ginsenosides and Anserine on the Up-Regulation of Renal Aquaporins 1–4 in Hyperuricemic Mice. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2019; 47:1133-1147. [PMID: 31311296 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x19500587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Hyperuricemia is a metabolic disease of the kidney that results in decreased uric acid excretion. Here, we aimed to investigate the effects of ginsenosides and anserine on hyperuricemia and the expression of aquaporin (AQP) 1–4, which are indicators of renal excretion. Ginsenosides and anserine were administered separately or together after the establishment of hyperuricemia with adenine in BALB/c mice. Renal function indexes such as serum uric acid, creatinine, and urea nitrogen were measured in each group of mice, and the expression of AQP1–4 in renal tissues was detected. Serum uric acid and urea nitrogen were decreased in the ginsenoside and the anserine +UA groups. Meanwhile, the uric acid excretion and clearance rate were clearly increased in the co-treatment +UA group ([Formula: see text].05). Moreover, ginsenosides or anserine ginsenosides or anserine alone and treatment with both increased the expression of AQP1–4; however, the synergistic effects were more significantly enhanced ([Formula: see text].01). We provide the first reported evidence that ginsenosides and anserine have synergistic effects on uric acid excretion. The improvement in renal function in hyperuricemic mice after treatment with ginsenosides and anserine may result from up-regulation of AQP1–4 expressions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalin Zhang
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, P. R. China
| | - Han Su
- Editorial Department of International Journal of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, P. R. China
| | - Juan Zhang
- Sinopharm Xingsha Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., Fujian Xiamen 361000, P. R. China
| | - Juan Kong
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, P. R. China
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Wang W, Geng X, Lei L, Jia Y, Li Y, Zhou H, Verkman AS, Yang B. Aquaporin-3 deficiency slows cyst enlargement in experimental mouse models of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease. FASEB J 2019; 33:6185-6196. [PMID: 30768374 PMCID: PMC6463927 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201801338rrr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Human autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is characterized by bilateral renal cysts that lead to a decline in kidney function. Previous studies reported aquaporin (AQP)-3 expression in cysts derived from collecting ducts in ADPKD. To study the role of AQP3 in cyst development, we generated 2 polycystic kidney disease (PKD) mouse models: kidney-specific Pkd1 knockout mice and inducible Pkd1 knockout mice, each without and with AQP3 deletion. In both models, kidney sizes and cyst indexes were significantly reduced in AQP3-null PKD mice compared with AQP3-expressing PKD mice, with the difference seen mainly in collecting duct cysts. AQP3-deficient kidneys showed significantly reduced ATP content, increased phosphorylated (p)-AMPK, and decreased p-ERK and p-mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). In a matrix-grown Madin-Darby canine kidney cyst model, AQP3 expression promoted cyst enlargement and was associated with increased expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1-α and glucose transporter 1 and increased glucose uptake. Our data suggest that the slowed renal cyst enlargement in AQP3 deficiency involves impaired energy metabolism in the kidney through AMPK and mTOR signaling and impaired cellular glucose uptake. These findings implicate AQP3 as a novel determinant of renal cyst enlargement and hence a potential drug target in ADPKD.-Wang, W., Geng, X., Lei, L., Jia, Y., Li, Y., Zhou, H., Verkman, A. S., Yang, B. Aquaporin-3 deficiency slows cyst enlargement in experimental mouse models of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiling Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China;,State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Beijing, China;,Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Geng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China;,State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Lei
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China;,State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Beijing, China
| | - Yingli Jia
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China;,State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Beijing, China
| | - Yingjie Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China;,State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China;,State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Beijing, China
| | - Alan S. Verkman
- Department of Medicine, University of California–San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA; ,Department of Physiology, University of California–San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Baoxue Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China;,State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Beijing, China;,Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China;,Correspondence: Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Lu, Haidian District, 211 Building of Physiology, Beijing 100191, China. E-mail:
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18
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Aquaporins in Renal Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20020366. [PMID: 30654539 PMCID: PMC6359174 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20020366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aquaporins (AQPs) are a family of highly selective transmembrane channels that mainly transport water across the cell and some facilitate low-molecular-weight solutes. Eight AQPs, including AQP1, AQP2, AQP3, AQP4, AQP5, AQP6, AQP7, and AQP11, are expressed in different segments and various cells in the kidney to maintain normal urine concentration function. AQP2 is critical in regulating urine concentrating ability. The expression and function of AQP2 are regulated by a series of transcriptional factors and post-transcriptional phosphorylation, ubiquitination, and glycosylation. Mutation or functional deficiency of AQP2 leads to severe nephrogenic diabetes insipidus. Studies with animal models show AQPs are related to acute kidney injury and various chronic kidney diseases, such as diabetic nephropathy, polycystic kidney disease, and renal cell carcinoma. Experimental data suggest ideal prospects for AQPs as biomarkers and therapeutic targets in clinic. This review article mainly focuses on recent advances in studying AQPs in renal diseases.
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Szpilbarg N, Martínez NA, Di Paola M, Reppetti J, Medina Y, Seyahian A, Castro Parodi M, Damiano AE. New Insights Into the Role of Placental Aquaporins and the Pathogenesis of Preeclampsia. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1507. [PMID: 30425647 PMCID: PMC6218616 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulated evidence suggests that an abnormal placentation and an altered expression of a variety of trophoblast transporters are associated to preeclampsia. In this regard, an abnormal expression of AQP3 and AQP9 was reported in these placentas. Recent data suggests that placental AQPs are not only water channel proteins and that may participate in relevant processes required for a normal placental development, such as cell migration and apoptosis. Recently we reported that a normal expression of AQP3 is required for the migration of extravillous trophoblast (EVT) cells. Thus, alterations in this protein might lead to an insufficient transformation of the maternal spiral arteries resulting in fluctuations of oxygen tension, a potent stimulus for oxidative damage and trophoblast apoptosis. In this context, the increase of oxygen and nitrogen reactive species could nitrate AQP9, producing the accumulation of a non-functional protein affecting the survival of the villous trophoblast (VT). This may trigger the exacerbated release of apoptotic VT fragments into maternal circulation producing the systemic endothelial dysfunction underlying the maternal syndrome. Therefore, our hypothesis is that the alteration in the expression of placental AQPs observed at the end of gestation may take place during the trophoblast stem cell differentiation, disturbing both EVT and VT cells development, or during the VT differentiation and turnover. In both situations, VT is affected and at last the maternal vascular system is activated leading to the clinical manifestations of preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Szpilbarg
- Laboratorio de Biología de la Reproducción, Instituto de Fisiología y Biofísica Bernardo Houssay (IFIBIO)-UBA-CONICET, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Nora A Martínez
- Laboratorio de Biología de la Reproducción, Instituto de Fisiología y Biofísica Bernardo Houssay (IFIBIO)-UBA-CONICET, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mauricio Di Paola
- Laboratorio de Biología de la Reproducción, Instituto de Fisiología y Biofísica Bernardo Houssay (IFIBIO)-UBA-CONICET, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Cátedra de Biología Celular y Molecular, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Julieta Reppetti
- Laboratorio de Biología de la Reproducción, Instituto de Fisiología y Biofísica Bernardo Houssay (IFIBIO)-UBA-CONICET, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Yollyseth Medina
- Laboratorio de Biología de la Reproducción, Instituto de Fisiología y Biofísica Bernardo Houssay (IFIBIO)-UBA-CONICET, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Abril Seyahian
- Laboratorio de Biología de la Reproducción, Instituto de Fisiología y Biofísica Bernardo Houssay (IFIBIO)-UBA-CONICET, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mauricio Castro Parodi
- Cátedra de Biología Celular y Molecular, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alicia E Damiano
- Laboratorio de Biología de la Reproducción, Instituto de Fisiología y Biofísica Bernardo Houssay (IFIBIO)-UBA-CONICET, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Cátedra de Biología Celular y Molecular, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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20
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Cao Y, He Y, Wei C, Li J, Qu L, Zhang H, Cheng Y, Qiao B. Aquaporins Alteration Profiles Revealed Different Actions of Senna, Sennosides, and Sennoside A in Diarrhea-Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E3210. [PMID: 30336596 PMCID: PMC6213963 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19103210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Revised: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Senna and its main components sennosides are well-known effective laxative drugs and are used in the treatment of intestinal constipation in the world. Their potential side effects have attracted more attention in clinics but have little scientific justification. In this study, senna extract (SE), sennosides (SS), and sennoside A (SA) were prepared and used to generate diarrhea rats. The diarrhea rats were investigated with behaviors, clinical signs, organ index, pathological examination, and gene expression on multiple aquaporins (Aqps) including Aqp1, Aqp2, Aqp3, Aqp4, Aqp5, Aqp6, Aqp7, Aqp8, Aqp9, and Aqp11. Using qRT-PCR, the Aqp expression profiles were constructed for six organs including colon, kidney, liver, spleen, lung, and stomach. The Aqp alteration profiles were characterized and was performed with Principle Component Analysis (PCA). The SE treatments on the rats resulted in a significant body weight loss (p < 0.001), significant increases (p < 0.001) on the kidney index (27.72%) and liver index (42.55%), and distinguished changes with up-regulation on Aqps expressions in the kidneys and livers. The SS treatments showed prominent laxative actions and down regulation on Aqps expression in the colons. The study results indicated that the SE had more influence/toxicity on the kidneys and livers. The SS showed more powerful actions on the colons. We suggest that the caution should be particularly exercised in the patients with kidney and liver diseases when chronic using senna-based products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixin Cao
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Modern Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, No. 229 TaiBai North Road, Xi'an 710069, China.
- Shaanxi Traditional Chinese Medicine Innovation Engineering Technology Research Center, No. 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an 710069, China.
| | - Ying He
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Modern Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, No. 229 TaiBai North Road, Xi'an 710069, China.
- Shaanxi Traditional Chinese Medicine Innovation Engineering Technology Research Center, No. 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an 710069, China.
| | - Cong Wei
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Modern Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, No. 229 TaiBai North Road, Xi'an 710069, China.
- Shaanxi Traditional Chinese Medicine Innovation Engineering Technology Research Center, No. 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an 710069, China.
| | - Jing Li
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Modern Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, No. 229 TaiBai North Road, Xi'an 710069, China.
- Shaanxi Traditional Chinese Medicine Innovation Engineering Technology Research Center, No. 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an 710069, China.
| | - Lejing Qu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Modern Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, No. 229 TaiBai North Road, Xi'an 710069, China.
- Shaanxi Traditional Chinese Medicine Innovation Engineering Technology Research Center, No. 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an 710069, China.
| | - Huiqin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Modern Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, No. 229 TaiBai North Road, Xi'an 710069, China.
- Shaanxi Traditional Chinese Medicine Innovation Engineering Technology Research Center, No. 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an 710069, China.
| | - Ying Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Modern Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, No. 229 TaiBai North Road, Xi'an 710069, China.
- Shaanxi Traditional Chinese Medicine Innovation Engineering Technology Research Center, No. 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an 710069, China.
| | - Boling Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Modern Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, No. 229 TaiBai North Road, Xi'an 710069, China.
- Shaanxi Traditional Chinese Medicine Innovation Engineering Technology Research Center, No. 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an 710069, China.
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Ježek P, Holendová B, Garlid KD, Jabůrek M. Mitochondrial Uncoupling Proteins: Subtle Regulators of Cellular Redox Signaling. Antioxid Redox Signal 2018; 29:667-714. [PMID: 29351723 PMCID: PMC6071544 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2017.7225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Mitochondria are the energetic, metabolic, redox, and information signaling centers of the cell. Substrate pressure, mitochondrial network dynamics, and cristae morphology state are integrated by the protonmotive force Δp or its potential component, ΔΨ, which are attenuated by proton backflux into the matrix, termed uncoupling. The mitochondrial uncoupling proteins (UCP1-5) play an eminent role in the regulation of each of the mentioned aspects, being involved in numerous physiological events including redox signaling. Recent Advances: UCP2 structure, including purine nucleotide and fatty acid (FA) binding sites, strongly support the FA cycling mechanism: UCP2 expels FA anions, whereas uncoupling is achieved by the membrane backflux of protonated FA. Nascent FAs, cleaved by phospholipases, are preferential. The resulting Δp dissipation decreases superoxide formation dependent on Δp. UCP-mediated antioxidant protection and its impairment are expected to play a major role in cell physiology and pathology. Moreover, UCP2-mediated aspartate, oxaloacetate, and malate antiport with phosphate is expected to alter metabolism of cancer cells. CRITICAL ISSUES A wide range of UCP antioxidant effects and participations in redox signaling have been reported; however, mechanisms of UCP activation are still debated. Switching off/on the UCP2 protonophoretic function might serve as redox signaling either by employing/releasing the extra capacity of cell antioxidant systems or by directly increasing/decreasing mitochondrial superoxide sources. Rapid UCP2 degradation, FA levels, elevation of purine nucleotides, decreased Mg2+, or increased pyruvate accumulation may initiate UCP-mediated redox signaling. FUTURE DIRECTIONS Issues such as UCP2 participation in glucose sensing, neuronal (synaptic) function, and immune cell activation should be elucidated. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 29, 667-714.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petr Ježek
- 1 Department of Mitochondrial Physiology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences , Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Blanka Holendová
- 1 Department of Mitochondrial Physiology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences , Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Keith D Garlid
- 2 UCLA Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA , Los Angeles, California
| | - Martin Jabůrek
- 1 Department of Mitochondrial Physiology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences , Prague, Czech Republic
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