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Lasalvia M, Capozzi V, Perna G. Classification of healthy and cancerous colon cells by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 321:124683. [PMID: 38908360 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.124683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is one of the most diagnosed types of cancer in developed countries. Current diagnostic methods are partly dependent on pathologist experience and laboratories instrumentation. In this study, we used Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy in transflection mode, combined with Principal Components Analysis followed by Linear Discriminant Analysis (PCA-LDA) and Partial Least Squares - Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA), to build a classification algorithm to diagnose colon cancer in cell samples, based on absorption spectra measured in two spectral ranges of the mid-infrared spectrum. In particular, PCA technique highlights small biochemical differences between healthy and cancerous cells: these are related to the larger lipid content in the former compared with the latter and to the larger relative amount of protein and nucleic acid components in the cancerous cells compared with the healthy ones. Comparison of the classification accuracy of PCA-LDA and PLS-DA methods applied to FTIR spectra measured in the 1000-1800 cm-1 (low wavenumber range, LWR) and 2700-3700 cm-1 (high wavenumber range, HWR) remarks that both algorithms are able to classify hidden class FTIR spectra with excellent accuracy (100 %) in both spectral regions. This is a hopeful result for clinical translation of infrared spectroscopy: in fact, it makes reliable the predictions obtained using FTIR measurements carried out only in the HWR, in which the glass slides used in clinical laboratories are transparent to IR radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Lasalvia
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, Università di Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Vito Capozzi
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, Università di Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Perna
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, Università di Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy.
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Karnachoriti M, Stathopoulos I, Kouri M, Spyratou E, Orfanoudakis S, Lykidis D, Lambropoulou Μ, Danias N, Arkadopoulos N, Efstathopoulos EP, Raptis YS, Seimenis I, Kontos AG. Biochemical differentiation between cancerous and normal human colorectal tissues by micro-Raman spectroscopy. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 299:122852. [PMID: 37216817 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.122852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Human colorectal tissues obtained by ten cancer patients have been examined by multiple micro-Raman spectroscopic measurements in the 500-3200 cm-1 range under 785 nm excitation. Distinct spectral profiles are recorded from different spots on the samples: a predominant 'typical' profile of colorectal tissue, as well as those from tissue topologies with high lipid, blood or collagen content. Principal component analysis identified several Raman bands of amino acids, proteins and lipids which allow the efficient discrimination of normal from cancer tissues, the first presenting plurality of Raman spectral profiles while the last showing off quite uniform spectroscopic characteristics. Tree-based machine learning experiment was further applied on all data as well as on filtered data keeping only those spectra which characterize the largely inseparable data clusters of 'typical' and 'collagen-rich' spectra. This purposive sampling evidences statistically the most significant spectroscopic features regarding the correct identification of cancer tissues and allows matching spectroscopic results with the biochemical changes induced in the malignant tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Karnachoriti
- School of Applied Mathematical and Physical Sciences, National Technical University Athens, 15780 Zografou, Athens, Greece; Department of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - I Stathopoulos
- 2(nd) Department of Radiology, Medical School, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15772 Athens, Greece
| | - M Kouri
- Department of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; 2(nd) Department of Radiology, Medical School, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15772 Athens, Greece; Medical Physics Program, University of Massachusetts Lowell, MA 01854, United States
| | - E Spyratou
- Department of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; 2(nd) Department of Radiology, Medical School, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15772 Athens, Greece
| | - S Orfanoudakis
- School of Applied Mathematical and Physical Sciences, National Technical University Athens, 15780 Zografou, Athens, Greece; Alpha Information Technology S.A., Software & System Development, 68131 Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - D Lykidis
- Laboratory of Histology-Embryology, Medical Department, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Μ Lambropoulou
- Laboratory of Histology-Embryology, Medical Department, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - N Danias
- 4(th) Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Attikon University Hospital, Univ. of Athens, 12462 Athens, Greece
| | - N Arkadopoulos
- 4(th) Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Attikon University Hospital, Univ. of Athens, 12462 Athens, Greece
| | - E P Efstathopoulos
- 2(nd) Department of Radiology, Medical School, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15772 Athens, Greece
| | - Y S Raptis
- School of Applied Mathematical and Physical Sciences, National Technical University Athens, 15780 Zografou, Athens, Greece
| | - I Seimenis
- Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - A G Kontos
- School of Applied Mathematical and Physical Sciences, National Technical University Athens, 15780 Zografou, Athens, Greece.
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Porcelli F, Verri M, De Santis S, Crescenzi A, Bianchi A, Felici AC, Sotgiu G, Romano S, Orsini M. Considerations on chemical composition of psammoma bodies: Automated detection strategy by infrared microspectroscopy in ovarian and thyroid cancer tissues. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 298:122792. [PMID: 37156176 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.122792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Ectopic calcifications are observed in many soft tissues and are associated with several diseases, including cancer. The mechanism of their formation and the correlation with disease progression are often unclear. Detailed knowledge of the chemical composition of these inorganic formations can be very helpful in better understanding their relationship with unhealthy tissue. In addition, information on microcalcifications can be very useful for early diagnosis and provide insight into prognosis. In this work the chemical composition of psammoma bodies (PBs) found in tissues of human ovarian serous tumors was examined. The analysis using Micro Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (micro-FTIR) revealed that these microcalcifications contain amorphous calcium carbonate phosphate. Moreover, some PB grains showed the presence of phospholipids. This interesting result corroborates the proposed formation mechanism reported in many studies according to which ovarian cancer cells switch to a calcifying phenotype by inducing the deposition of calcifications. In addition, other techniques as X-ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy (XRF), Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy(ICP-OES) and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX) were performed on the PBs from ovary tissues to determine the elements present. The PBs found in ovarian serous cancer showed a composition comparable to PBs isolated from papillary thyroid. Based on the chemical similarity of IR spectra, using micro-FTIR spectroscopy combined with multivariate analysis, an automatic recognition method was constructed. With this prediction model it was possible to identify PBs microcalcifications in tissues of both ovarian cancers, regardless of tumor grade, and thyroid cancer with high sensitivity. Such approach could become a valuable tool for routine macrocalcification detection because it eliminates sample staining, and the subjectivity of conventional histopathological analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Porcelli
- Department of Industrial, Electronic and Mechanical Engineering, Roma Tre University, Via Vito Volterra 62, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Martina Verri
- Pathology Unit, University Hospital Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy
| | - Serena De Santis
- Department of Industrial, Electronic and Mechanical Engineering, Roma Tre University, Via Vito Volterra 62, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Crescenzi
- Pathology Unit, University Hospital Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Anna Candida Felici
- Basic and Applied Sciences for Engineering, Sapienza University, Via A. Scarpa 16, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Sotgiu
- Department of Industrial, Electronic and Mechanical Engineering, Roma Tre University, Via Vito Volterra 62, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Susanna Romano
- Department of Industrial, Electronic and Mechanical Engineering, Roma Tre University, Via Vito Volterra 62, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Monica Orsini
- Department of Industrial, Electronic and Mechanical Engineering, Roma Tre University, Via Vito Volterra 62, 00146 Rome, Italy.
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4
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Anaya Mancipe JM, Boldrini Pereira LC, de Miranda Borchio PG, Dias ML, da Silva Moreira Thiré RM. Novel polycaprolactone (PCL)-type I collagen core-shell electrospun nanofibers for wound healing applications. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2023; 111:366-381. [PMID: 36068930 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.35156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Type I collagen (Col_1) is one of the main proteins present in the skin extracellular matrix, serving as support for skin regeneration and maturation in its granulation stage. Electrospun materials have been intensively studied as the next generation of skin wound dressing mainly due to their high surface area and fibrous porosity. However, the electrospinning of collagen-based solutions causes degradation of its structure. In this work, a coaxial electrospinning process was proposed to overcome this limitation. The production of mats of polycaprolactone (PCL)-Col_1/PVA (collagen/poly(vinyl alcohol)) composed of core-shell nanofibers was investigated. PCL solution was used as the core solution, while Col_1/PVA was used as the shell solution. PVA was used to improve the processability of collagen, while PCL was employed to improve the mechanical properties and morphology of Col_1/PVA fibers. The morphology and the cytotoxicity of the fibers were highly dependent on the processing parameters. Defect-free core-shell nanofibers were obtained with a shell/core flow rates ratio = 4, flight distance of 12 cm, and an applied voltage of 16 kV. Using this strategy, the triple helix structure characteristic of the collagen molecule was preserved. Moreover, the common post-processing of solvent removal could be suppressed, simplifying the manufacturing processing of these biomaterials. The nanostructured mats showed no cytotoxicity, high liquid absorption, structural stability, hydrophilic character, and collagen release capacity, making them a potential novel dressing for skin damage regeneration, in special in the case of chronic wounds treatment, in which exogenous collagen delivery is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Mauricio Anaya Mancipe
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Programa de Engenharia Metalúrgica e de Materiais/COPPE, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Macromoléculas Professora Eloisa Mano, IMA, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Cunha Boldrini Pereira
- Instituto Nacional de Metrologia, Qualidade e Tecnologia - INMETRO, Diretoria de Metrologia Aplicada as Ciências da Vida, DIMAV, Programa de Pós-graduação em Biomedicina Translacional - BIOTRANS, Duque de Caxias, Brazil
| | - Priscila Grion de Miranda Borchio
- Instituto Nacional de Metrologia, Qualidade e Tecnologia - INMETRO, Diretoria de Metrologia Aplicada as Ciências da Vida, DIMAV, Programa de Pós-graduação em Biomedicina Translacional - BIOTRANS, Duque de Caxias, Brazil
| | - Marcos Lopes Dias
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Macromoléculas Professora Eloisa Mano, IMA, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rossana Mara da Silva Moreira Thiré
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Programa de Engenharia Metalúrgica e de Materiais/COPPE, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Licini C, Notarstefano V, Marchi S, Cerqueni G, Ciapetti G, Vitale‐Brovarone C, Giorgini E, Mattioli‐Belmonte M. Altered type I collagen networking in osteoporotic human femoral head revealed by histomorphometric and Fourier transform infrared imaging correlated analyses. Biofactors 2022; 48:1089-1110. [PMID: 35661288 PMCID: PMC9796100 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Bone homeostasis is the equilibrium between organic and inorganic components of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and cells. Alteration of this balance has consequences on bone mass and architecture, resulting in conditions such as osteoporosis (OP). Given ECM protein mutual regulation and their effects on bone structure and mineralization, further insight into their expression is crucial to understanding bone biology under normal and pathological conditions. This study focused on Type I Collagen, which is mainly responsible for structural properties and mineralization of bone, and selected proteins implicated in matrix composition, mineral deposition, and cell-matrix interaction such as Decorin, Osteocalcin, Osteopontin, Bone Sialoprotein 2, Osteonectin and Transforming Growth Factor beta. We developed a novel multidisciplinary approach in order to assess bone matrix in healthy and OP conditions more comprehensively by exploiting the Fourier Transform Infrared Imaging (FTIRI) technique combined with histomorphometry, Sirius Red staining, immunohistochemistry, and Western Blotting. This innovatory procedure allowed for the analysis of superimposed tissue sections and revealed that the alterations in OP bone tissue architecture were associated with warped Type I Collagen structure and deposition but not with changes in the total protein amount. The detected changes in the expression and/or cooperative or antagonist role of Decorin, Osteocalcin, Osteopontin, and Bone Sialoprotein-2 indicate the deep impact of these NCPs on collagen features of OP bone. Overall, our strategy may represent a starting point for designing targeted clinical strategies aimed at bone mass preservation and sustain the FTIRI translational capability as upcoming support for traditional diagnostic methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Licini
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences (DISCLIMO)Università Politecnica delle MarcheAnconaItaly
- Department of Applied Science and TechnologyPolitecnico di TorinoTorinoItaly
| | - Valentina Notarstefano
- Department of Life and Environmental SciencesUniversità Politecnica delle MarcheAnconaItaly
| | - Saverio Marchi
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences (DISCLIMO)Università Politecnica delle MarcheAnconaItaly
| | - Giorgia Cerqueni
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences (DISCLIMO)Università Politecnica delle MarcheAnconaItaly
| | - Gabriela Ciapetti
- Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology (NaBi)IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico RizzoliBolognaItaly
| | | | - Elisabetta Giorgini
- Department of Life and Environmental SciencesUniversità Politecnica delle MarcheAnconaItaly
| | - Monica Mattioli‐Belmonte
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences (DISCLIMO)Università Politecnica delle MarcheAnconaItaly
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