1
|
Sloths: the unusual hairs from these shaggy heteroclites. FORENSIC SCIENCE INTERNATIONAL: ANIMALS AND ENVIRONMENTS 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fsiae.2023.100063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
|
2
|
Sandt C, Borondics F. A new typology of human hair medullas based on lipid composition analysis by synchrotron FTIR microspectroscopy. Analyst 2021; 146:3942-3954. [PMID: 33982696 DOI: 10.1039/d1an00695a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Human hair is an organ that connects fundamental and applied research with everyday life through the cosmetic industry. Yet, the accurate compositional description of the human hair medulla is lacking due to their small size and difficulty with microextraction. Medullas are thus generally classified based on morphology. We investigated the chemical composition of the human hair medulla using synchrotron based infrared microspectroscopy. We confirmed that lipid signatures dominate the medulla infrared spectrum having 3-20 times higher lipid concentration compared to their surrounding cortex. Human hair medullas contain a mixture of non-esterified and esterified lipids, and carboxylate soaps in various proportions. We reveal the first direct spectroscopic evidence that medulla carboxylates are coordinated to calcium since they exhibit the specific calcium carboxylate signature. Using a representative sample, we observed a strong compositional variability between medullas that was unreported before. We detected calcium carboxylates in 76% of the medullas with one order of magnitude concentration variability between samples. All medullas contained esters with esterification varying by a factor of 30. Moreover, we detected the presence of crystalline calcium stearate in 9% of the medullas. We described a series of spectral markers to characterize medullas based on their lipid composition and propose to classify medullas in four to five groups. Our analysis provides a more detailed understanding of the chemical composition of human hair medullas that may impact cosmetics and biology. The origin and biological meaning of these variations must still be investigated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Sandt
- SMIS beamline, SOLEIL Synchrotron, BP48, l'Orme des Merisiers, 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette CEDEX, France.
| | - Ferenc Borondics
- SMIS beamline, SOLEIL Synchrotron, BP48, l'Orme des Merisiers, 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette CEDEX, France.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Somasundaram B, Kunjiappan S. Scanning Electron Microscopes/Silicon Drift Detector-Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy: An Analytical Tool to Identify Waterborne Microminerals Pickup in Human Scalp Hair Cuticle due to Water Quality. J Microsc Ultrastruct 2018; 6:83-92. [PMID: 30221132 PMCID: PMC6130247 DOI: 10.4103/jmau.jmau_23_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Significance Still vast majority of the population in urban and rural set up using varied water quality for their day today washing of their hair in many parts of the countries may suffer or experience rough hair or uncombable syndrome. The quality of maintaining healthy hair may be impaired due to salty ions from water sources, dyes, or pollutants etc., We have identified a well-known instrumental technique SEM/SDD-EDS method to identify and estimate the waterborne minerals in the scalp hair cuticle in a non-destructive way. Materials and Methods Identify volunteers of urban and rural folks using treated or untreated water for their routine hair wash at least for two consecutive years and examine their scalp hair cuticle using SEM/SDD- EDS. Results Water borne minerals calcium and aluminium pick up were distinctly identified in the scalp hair cuticle as reflected by the quality of water used in urban and rural set up. Further restoration of lipid layer through prior application of coconut oil and or usage of conditioners prevents calcium pick up. Thereby, SEM/SDD-EDS is one of the suitable techniques to estimate the concentration of waterborne minerals in the scalp hair cuticle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Balasubramanian Somasundaram
- Sir CV Raman-KS Krishnan International Research Centre, Kalasalingam University, Krishnankoil, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Selvaraj Kunjiappan
- Sir CV Raman-KS Krishnan International Research Centre, Kalasalingam University, Krishnankoil, Tamil Nadu, India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Marsh JM, Mamak M, Wireko F, Lebron A, Cambron T, Huber D, Boona I, Williams REA, McComb DW. Multimodal Evidence of Mesostructured Calcium Fatty Acid Deposits in Human Hair and Their Role on Hair Properties. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2018; 1:1174-1183. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.8b00386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer M. Marsh
- The Procter & Gamble Company, Mason Business Center, 8700 Mason-Montgomery Road, Mason, Ohio 45040, United States
| | - Marc Mamak
- The Procter & Gamble Company, Mason Business Center, 8700 Mason-Montgomery Road, Mason, Ohio 45040, United States
| | - Fred Wireko
- The Procter & Gamble Company, Mason Business Center, 8700 Mason-Montgomery Road, Mason, Ohio 45040, United States
| | - Ariel Lebron
- The Procter & Gamble Company, Mason Business Center, 8700 Mason-Montgomery Road, Mason, Ohio 45040, United States
| | - Tom Cambron
- The Procter & Gamble Company, Mason Business Center, 8700 Mason-Montgomery Road, Mason, Ohio 45040, United States
| | - Daniel Huber
- Center for Electron Microscopy and Analysis, The Ohio State University, 1305 Kinnear Road, Columbus, Ohio 43212, United States
| | - Isabel Boona
- Center for Electron Microscopy and Analysis, The Ohio State University, 1305 Kinnear Road, Columbus, Ohio 43212, United States
| | - Robert E. A. Williams
- Center for Electron Microscopy and Analysis, The Ohio State University, 1305 Kinnear Road, Columbus, Ohio 43212, United States
| | - David W. McComb
- Center for Electron Microscopy and Analysis, The Ohio State University, 1305 Kinnear Road, Columbus, Ohio 43212, United States
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Pienpinijtham P, Thammacharoen C, Naranitad S, Ekgasit S. Analysis of cosmetic residues on a single human hair by ATR FT-IR microspectroscopy. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2018; 197:230-236. [PMID: 29496404 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2018.01.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2017] [Revised: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
In this work, ATR FT-IR spectra of single human hair and cosmetic residues on hair surface are successfully collected using a homemade dome-shaped Ge μIRE accessary installed on an infrared microscope. By collecting ATR spectra of hairs from the same person, the spectral patterns are identical and superimposed while different spectral features are observed from ATR spectra of hairs collected from different persons. The spectral differences depend on individual hair characteristics, chemical treatments, and cosmetics on hair surface. The "Contact-and-Collect" technique that transfers remarkable materials on the hair surface to the tip of the Ge μIRE enables an identification of cosmetics on a single hair. Moreover, the differences between un-split and split hairs are also studied in this report. These highly specific spectral features can be employed for unique identification or for differentiation of hairs based on the molecular structures of hairs and cosmetics on hairs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Prompong Pienpinijtham
- Sensor Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
| | - Chuchaat Thammacharoen
- Sensor Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Suwimol Naranitad
- Sensor Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; Program of Petrochemistry and Polymer science, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Sanong Ekgasit
- Sensor Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
SEM/SDD-EDS—An analytical tool to identify water borne micro minerals pick up in human scalp hair cuticle due to water quality. J Microsc Ultrastruct 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmau.2017.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
|
7
|
Chekli L, Bayatsarmadi B, Sekine R, Sarkar B, Shen AM, Scheckel KG, Skinner W, Naidu R, Shon HK, Lombi E, Donner E. Analytical characterisation of nanoscale zero-valent iron: A methodological review. Anal Chim Acta 2015; 903:13-35. [PMID: 26709296 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2015.10.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2015] [Revised: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Zero-valent iron nanoparticles (nZVI) have been widely tested as they are showing significant promise for environmental remediation. However, many recent studies have demonstrated that their mobility and reactivity in subsurface environments are significantly affected by their tendency to aggregate. Both the mobility and reactivity of nZVI mainly depends on properties such as particle size, surface chemistry and bulk composition. In order to ensure efficient remediation, it is crucial to accurately assess and understand the implications of these properties before deploying these materials into contaminated environments. Many analytical techniques are now available to determine these parameters and this paper provides a critical review of their usefulness and limitations for nZVI characterisation. These analytical techniques include microscopy and light scattering techniques for the determination of particle size, size distribution and aggregation state, and X-ray techniques for the characterisation of surface chemistry and bulk composition. Example characterisation data derived from commercial nZVI materials is used to further illustrate method strengths and limitations. Finally, some important challenges with respect to the characterisation of nZVI in groundwater samples are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Chekli
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology, Sydney, Post Box 129, Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia; CRC CARE, PO Box 486, Salisbury, SA 5106, Australia
| | - B Bayatsarmadi
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Engineering North Building, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - R Sekine
- Centre for Environmental Risk Assessment and Remediation, University of South Australia, Building X, Mawson Lakes Campus, SA 5095, Australia
| | - B Sarkar
- CRC CARE, PO Box 486, Salisbury, SA 5106, Australia; Centre for Environmental Risk Assessment and Remediation, University of South Australia, Building X, Mawson Lakes Campus, SA 5095, Australia
| | - A Maoz Shen
- Centre for Environmental Risk Assessment and Remediation, University of South Australia, Building X, Mawson Lakes Campus, SA 5095, Australia
| | - K G Scheckel
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Land Remediation and Pollution Control Division, 5995 Center Hill Avenue, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - W Skinner
- Ian Wark Research Institute, University of South Australia, Building IW, Mawson Lakes Campus, SA 5095, Australia
| | - R Naidu
- CRC CARE, PO Box 486, Salisbury, SA 5106, Australia; Centre for Environmental Risk Assessment and Remediation, University of South Australia, Building X, Mawson Lakes Campus, SA 5095, Australia
| | - H K Shon
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology, Sydney, Post Box 129, Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia; CRC CARE, PO Box 486, Salisbury, SA 5106, Australia
| | - E Lombi
- Centre for Environmental Risk Assessment and Remediation, University of South Australia, Building X, Mawson Lakes Campus, SA 5095, Australia.
| | - E Donner
- CRC CARE, PO Box 486, Salisbury, SA 5106, Australia; Centre for Environmental Risk Assessment and Remediation, University of South Australia, Building X, Mawson Lakes Campus, SA 5095, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Szynkowska MI, Czerski K, Grams J, Paryjczak T, Parczewski A. Preliminary studies using imaging mass spectrometry TOF-SIMS in detection and analysis of fingerprints. IMAGING SCIENCE JOURNAL 2013. [DOI: 10.1179/174313107x177657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
|
9
|
Kempson IM, Skinner WM. A comparison of washing methods for hair mineral analysis: internal versus external effects. Biol Trace Elem Res 2012; 150:10-4. [PMID: 22639387 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-012-9456-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2012] [Accepted: 05/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A major difficulty in hair elemental (mineral) analysis for biomonitoring is adequate understanding of the effectiveness of washing procedures. A review of washing protocols used in hair analysis publications showed little consensus with regard to solvents and surfactants used, washing times, and number of washing stages. Two washing approaches were subsequently used to compare their influence on internal and external surface elemental signals determined with time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry. Na, K, Ca, Mg, and Fe were assessed with regard to their relative signal compared to carbon. Both washing methods had similar effect. All elements except for Fe appear to be removed from the surface of the hair as well as from inside the hair. Only the internal Fe content changed with washing and could indicate that external surface bound Fe may not be removed with most washing procedures. It is shown that washing procedures can have a significant effect on reducing the internal elemental signal levels in hair.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ivan M Kempson
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan.
| | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Kempson IM, Lombi E. Hair analysis as a biomonitor for toxicology, disease and health status. Chem Soc Rev 2011; 40:3915-40. [PMID: 21468435 DOI: 10.1039/c1cs15021a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Hair analysis receives a large amount of academic and commercial interest for wide-ranging applications. However, in many instances, especially for elemental or 'mineral' analysis, the degree of success of analytical interpretation has been quite minimal with respect to the extent of such endeavors. In this critical review we address the questions surrounding hair analysis with specific intent of discovering what hair concentrations can actually relate to in a biogenic sense. This is done from a chemistry perspective to explain why and how elements are incorporated into hair and their meaning. This includes an overview of variables attributed to altering hair concentrations, such as age, gender, melanin content, and other less reported factors. Hair elemental concentrations are reviewed with regard to morbidity, with specific examples of disease related effects summarized. The application of hair analysis for epidemiology and etiology studies is enforced. A section is dedicated specifically to the area of population studies with regards to mercury, which highlights how endogenous and exogenous incorporation relies on species dependant metabolism and metabolic products. Many of the considerations are relevant to other areas of interest in hair analysis, such as for drug and isotopic analysis. Inclusion of a table of elemental concentrations in hair should act as a valuable reference (298 references).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ivan M Kempson
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, 128 Academia Road, Section 2, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan.
| | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Szynkowska MI, Czerski K, Rogowski J, Paryjczak T, Parczewski A. Detection of exogenous contaminants of fingerprints using ToF-SIMS. SURF INTERFACE ANAL 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/sia.3193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
|
12
|
Wu L, Felton JS, Wu KJJ. Applying imaging ToF-SIMS and PCA in differentiation of tissue types. Methods Mol Biol 2010; 656:267-281. [PMID: 20680597 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-60761-746-4_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) has proven to be an extremely powerful tool for characterizing chemical distributions within biological cells and tissues. However, differentiating biological samples, e.g., cancerous cells from their normal counterparts or benign tissues from malignant tissues, presents unique challenges to ToF-SIMS. Repeatable differentiation of such samples, especially formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) histological specimens, could be used to improve tissue-based diagnosis and aid in prognosis decisions. In this chapter, we describe a strategy for characterizing and differentiating FFPE tissues. ToF-SIMS was used to image deparaffinized FFPE mouse embryos and differentiate tissue types. The robustness and repeatability of the method was determined by analyzing ten tissue slices from three different embryos over a period of 1 month. Using principal component analysis (PCA) to reduce the spectral data generated by ToF-SIMS, histopathologically identified tissue types of the mouse embryos can be differentiated based on the characteristic differences in their mass spectra.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ligang Wu
- Seagate Technology US, Fremont, CA, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Coumbaros J, Kirkbride KP, Klass G, Skinner W. Application of time of flight secondary ion mass spectrometry to the in situ analysis of ballpoint pen inks on paper. Forensic Sci Int 2009; 193:42-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2009.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2009] [Revised: 08/27/2009] [Accepted: 08/27/2009] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
14
|
Kempson IM, Skinner WM, Kirkbride KP. The occurrence and incorporation of copper and zinc in hair and their potential role as bioindicators: a review. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART B, CRITICAL REVIEWS 2007; 10:611-622. [PMID: 18049926 DOI: 10.1080/10937400701389917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
This article reviews evidence that suggests Cu and Zn concentrations are not altered significantly by exogenous processes and may be useful in applications of hair analysis. The review attempts to identify what Cu and Zn concentrations may actually indicate biogenically and investigates the mechanisms by which they are incorporated into hair. Associations with specific hair components are proposed and avenues for development as a bioindicator are identified. Areas of research that offer promise in application or confirming the use of Cu and Zn are also indicated. Correlations and relationships with other health disorders are reviewed. Endogenous blood concentrations may also explain alterations in hair structure relating to breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ivan M Kempson
- Ian Wark Research Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA, Australia.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Tong Y, Li C, Luong JHT. Probing calcium and sulfur distribution and pattern in hairs using micro-proton induced X-ray emission (MPIXE). CHINESE SCIENCE BULLETIN-CHINESE 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/s11434-007-0426-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
16
|
de Cássia Comis Wagner R, Kiyohara PK, Silveira M, Joekes I. Electron microscopic observations of human hair medulla. J Microsc 2007; 226:54-63. [PMID: 17381709 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2818.2007.01747.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In the study of human hair, medulla is the less studied structure because it is believed that it has no influence on the fibre properties. The aim of this paper is to contribute to the better understanding of medulla morphology. Using reproducible methods for hair samples preparations allowed observing the inner fibre by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Three medulla subunits were observed in cryofractured samples. In addition, the application of plasma etching on samples allowed accessing chemical differences between them. Two kinds of medulla were identified using stereomicroscopy: thin and thick medulla. They were morphologically differentiated using TEM. These methods can be used to study systematically the effects of medulla on hair properties and to evaluate the efficiency of cosmetic products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rita de Cássia Comis Wagner
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Universidade de São Paulo, Departamento de Físico-Química, Instituto de Química, UNICAMP, Cx. Postal 6154, 13084-971, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Quong JN, Quong AA, Wu KJ, Kercher JR. A Signature-Based Method to Distinguish Time-Of-Flight Secondary-Ion Mass Spectra from Biological Samples. Chem Biodivers 2005; 2:1495-502. [PMID: 17191949 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.200590121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Time-Of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) was used to determine elemental and biomolecular ions from isolated protein samples. We identified a set of 23 mass-to-charge ratio (m/z) peaks that represent signatures for distinguishing biological samples. The 23 peaks were identified by Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) and Canonical Analysis (CA) to find the underlying structure in the complex mass-spectra data sets. From this modified data, SVD was used to identify sets of m/z peaks, and we used these patterns from the TOF-SIMS data to predict the biological source from which individual mass spectra were generated. The signatures were validated using an additional data set different from the initial training set used to identify the signatures. We present a simple method to identify multiple variables required for sample classification based on mass spectra that avoids overfit. This is important in a variety of studies using mass spectrometry, including the ability to identify proteins in complex mixtures and for the identification of new biomarkers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Judy N Quong
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, 3970 Reservoir Road NW, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Stadlbauer C, Prohaska T, Reiter C, Knaus A, Stingeder G. Time-resolved monitoring of heavy-metal intoxication in single hair by laser ablation ICP-DRCMS. Anal Bioanal Chem 2005; 383:500-8. [PMID: 15947916 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-005-3283-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2005] [Revised: 04/22/2005] [Accepted: 04/29/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The potential of laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry for the time-resolved analysis of heavy-metal intoxication in human bodies by analysis of hair is demonstrated. As application, we analyzed forensic samples from one individual after Hg intake and from one treated with a Pt-containing cytostatic remedy. Single hairs were analyzed from the hair root to the tip by laser ablation ICP-MS with a spatial resolution of 20 mum (corresponding to approx. 2 h growth of the hair). Sulfur was used as internal standard and was analyzed by using oxygen as reaction gas in the dynamic reaction cell of the ICP-DRCMS. The detection limits for Hg and Pt were found to be 0.3 microg g(-1) and 0.5 ng g(-1), respectively. Standard uncertainties for the quantification results were 10% for Hg and approximately 15 % for Pt. The analyzed hair samples reflected the forensic evidence in both cases. A significant increase of Hg concentration, by a factor of 50, at the time of HgO administration could be shown, and variation of Pt in the hair strands could be used to monitor the time and relative amount of Pt intake by the patient. The investigations also revealed that the concentrations in the outer and the inner parts of the hair varied similarly with time, even though the concentration in the core of the hair is approximately 0.25 that at the surface for both Pt and Hg.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christina Stadlbauer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Kempson IM, Skinner WM. ToF-SIMS analysis of elemental distributions in human hair. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2005; 338:213-227. [PMID: 15713330 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2004] [Revised: 07/07/2004] [Accepted: 07/18/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Elemental distributions on whole and longitudinal sections of hairs plucked from the scalp were studied with the surface sensitive technique time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS). Endogenous and environmental influences on the distributions of elemental species were identified. The cuticle scales appear to play the major role in the accumulation of exogenous products. The functionality of the outer surfaces and scale edges each preferentially bind different elemental species. The majority of elements considered accumulated longitudinally on the outer surface of the hair above the scalp level. Internally, most elemental signals (especially Al) decreased longitudinally once exposed to the environment with the exception of Si, which showed an increase. Images of elemental distributions within the medulla suggest that regions of different reactivity exist and show a variable ability to accumulate elemental species. The greatest signal intensities were observed in the cuticle and medulla regions rather than the cortex. The cuticle is continually exposed to environmental contamination and the medulla may, or may not, exist in a hair. Therefore, the components of a hair that potentially contribute the most to the elemental concentrations (i.e. the cuticle and medulla) are also the most variable, and as such greatly complicate the interpretation of elemental concentrations in hair. Results also suggest that bleaching hair can enhance the accumulation of contaminants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ivan M Kempson
- Ian Wark Research Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes 5095, Australia.
| | | |
Collapse
|