|
1
|
Sadraeian M, Guimarães FEG, Araújo APU, Worthylake DK, LeCour LJ, Pincus SH. Selective cytotoxicity of a novel immunotoxin based on pulchellin A chain for cells expressing HIV envelope. Sci Rep 2017; 7:7579. [PMID: 28790381 PMCID: PMC5548917 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-08037-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunotoxins (ITs), which consist of antibodies conjugated to toxins, have been proposed as a treatment for cancer and chronic infections. To develop and improve the ITs, different toxins such as ricin, have been used, aiming for higher efficacy against target cells. The toxin pulchellin, isolated from the Abrus pulchellus plant, has similar structure and function as ricin. Here we have compared two plant toxins, recombinant A chains from ricin (RAC) and pulchellin (PAC) toxins, for their ability to kill HIV Env-expressing cells. In this study, RAC and PAC were produced in E. coli, and chromatographically purified, then chemically conjugated to two different anti-HIV monoclonal antibodies (MAbs), anti-gp120 MAb 924 or anti-gp41 MAb 7B2. These conjugates were characterized biochemically and immunologically. Cell internalization was studied by flow cytometry and confocal microscopy. Results showed that PAC can function within an effective IT. The ITs demonstrated specific binding against native antigens on persistently HIV-infected cells and recombinant antigens on Env-transfected cells. PAC cytotoxicity appears somewhat less than RAC, the standard for comparison. This is the first report that PAC may have utility for the design and construction of therapeutic ITs, highlighting the potential role for specific cell targeting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Sadraeian
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Caixa Postal 369, São Carlos, SP, CEP 13560-970, Brazil
- Research Institute for Children, Children's Hospital, New Orleans, LA, 70118, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Parasitology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, 70112, United States
| | - Francisco E G Guimarães
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Caixa Postal 369, São Carlos, SP, CEP 13560-970, Brazil.
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Caixa Postal 369, São Carlos, SP, CEP 13560-970, Brazil.
| | - Ana P U Araújo
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Caixa Postal 369, São Carlos, SP, CEP 13560-970, Brazil
| | - David K Worthylake
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, 70112, United States
| | - Louis Jr LeCour
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, 70112, United States
| | - Seth H Pincus
- Research Institute for Children, Children's Hospital, New Orleans, LA, 70118, USA.
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Parasitology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, 70112, United States.
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
|
2
|
de Matos DC, de Ribeiro LCA, Tansini A, Ferreira LS, Placeres MCP, Colombo LL, Carlos IZ. Immunological response in mice bearing LM3 breast tumor undergoing pulchellin treatment. Altern Ther Health Med 2012; 12:107. [PMID: 22827934 PMCID: PMC3479043 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-12-107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2012] [Accepted: 07/11/2012] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ribosome-inactivating proteins (RIP) have been studied in the search for toxins that could be used as immunotoxins for cancer treatment. Pulchellin, a type 2 RIP, is suggested to induce immune responses that have a role in controlling cancer. METHODS The percentage of dendritic cells and CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells in the spleen (flow cytometry), cytokines' release by PECs and splenocytes (ELISA) and nitric oxide production by PECs (Griess assay) were determined from tumor-bearing mice injected intratumorally with 0.1 ml of pulchellin at 0.75 μg/kg of body weight. Statistical analysis was performed by one-way ANOVA with Tukey's post hoc test. RESULTS Pulchellin-treated mice showed significant immune system activation, characterized by increased release of IFN-γ and Th2 cytokines (IL-4 and IL-10), while IL-6 and TGF-β levels were decreased. There was also an increase in macrophage's activation, as denoted by the higher percentage of macrophages expressing adhesion and costimulatory molecules (CD54 and CD80, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that pulchellin is promising as an adjuvant in breast cancer treatment.
Collapse
|
|
3
|
Reyes LF, Nobre TM, Pavinatto FJ, Zaniquelli ME, Caseli L, Oliveira ON, Araújo APU. The role of the C-terminal region of pulchellin A-chain in the interaction with membrane model systems. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2012; 1818:82-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2011.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2011] [Revised: 09/29/2011] [Accepted: 10/04/2011] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
|