1
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Geng Y, Liu C, Xu N, Shi X, Suen MC, Zhou B, Yan B, Wu C, Li H, Song Y, Chen X, Wang Z, Cai Q, Zhu G. The N-terminal region of Cdc6 specifically recognizes human DNA G-quadruplex. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 260:129487. [PMID: 38237821 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Guanine (G)-rich nucleic acid sequences can form diverse G-quadruplex structures located in functionally significant genome regions, exerting regulatory control over essential biological processes, including DNA replication in vivo. During the initiation of DNA replication, Cdc6 is recruited by the origin recognition complex (ORC) to target specific chromosomal DNA sequences. This study reveals that human Cdc6 interacts with G-quadruplex structure through a distinct region within the N-terminal intrinsically disordered region (IDR), encompassing residues 7-20. The binding region assumes a hook-type conformation, as elucidated by the NMR solution structure in complex with htel21T18. Significantly, mutagenesis and in vivo investigations confirm the highly specific nature of Cdc6's recognition of G-quadruplex. This research enhances our understanding of the fundamental mechanism governing the interaction between G-quadruplex and the N-terminal IDR region of Cdc6, shedding light on the intricate regulation of DNA replication processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Geng
- Clinical Research Institute of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Fujian Key Laboratory of Brain Tumors Diagnosis and Precision Treatment, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Brain Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China; Institute for Advanced Study and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Changdong Liu
- Institute for Advanced Study and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Naining Xu
- Institute for Advanced Study and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Xiao Shi
- Institute for Advanced Study and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Monica Ching Suen
- Institute for Advanced Study and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Bo Zhou
- Institute for Advanced Study and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Bing Yan
- Institute for Advanced Study and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Caiming Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Hui Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Disease Bioinformation, Department of Genetics, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuanjian Song
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Disease Bioinformation, Department of Genetics, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xueqin Chen
- Clinical Research Institute of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Fujian Key Laboratory of Brain Tumors Diagnosis and Precision Treatment, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Brain Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Zhanxiang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery and Department of Neuroscience, Fujian Key Laboratory of Brain Tumors Diagnosis and Precision Treatment, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Brain Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Qixu Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
| | - Guang Zhu
- Institute for Advanced Study and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
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2
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Wang Y, Fu Q, Park SY, Lee YS, Park SY, Lee DY, Yoon S. Decoding cellular mechanism of recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) and engineering host-cell factories toward intensified viral vector manufacturing. Biotechnol Adv 2024; 71:108322. [PMID: 38336188 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2024.108322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) is one of the prominent gene delivery vehicles that has opened promising opportunities for novel gene therapeutic approaches. However, the current major viral vector production platform, triple transfection in mammalian cells, may not meet the increasing demand. Thus, it is highly required to understand production bottlenecks from the host cell perspective and engineer the cells to be more favorable and tolerant to viral vector production, thereby effectively enhancing rAAV manufacturing. In this review, we provided a comprehensive exploration of the intricate cellular process involved in rAAV production, encompassing various stages such as plasmid entry to the cytoplasm, plasmid trafficking and nuclear delivery, rAAV structural/non-structural protein expression, viral capsid assembly, genome replication, genome packaging, and rAAV release/secretion. The knowledge in the fundamental biology of host cells supporting viral replication as manufacturing factories or exhibiting defending behaviors against viral production is summarized for each stage. The control strategies from the perspectives of host cell and materials (e.g., AAV plasmids) are proposed as our insights based on the characterization of molecular features and our existing knowledge of the AAV viral life cycle, rAAV and other viral vector production in the Human embryonic kidney (HEK) cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongdan Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA 01854, United States of America
| | - Qiang Fu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA 01854, United States of America
| | - So Young Park
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA 01854, United States of America
| | - Yong Suk Lee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA 01854, United States of America
| | - Seo-Young Park
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Yup Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Seongkyu Yoon
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA 01854, United States of America.
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3
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Florio D, Marasco D. Could Targeting NPM1c+ Misfolding Be a Promising Strategy for Combating Acute Myeloid Leukemia? Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:811. [PMID: 38255885 PMCID: PMC10815591 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous group of diseases classified into various types on the basis of distinct features concerning the morphology, cytochemistry and cytogenesis of leukemic cells. Among the different subtypes, the group "AML with gene mutations" includes the variations of the gene of the multifunctional protein nucleophosmin 1 (NPM1). These mutations are the most frequent (~30-35% of AML adult patients and less in pediatric ones) and occur predominantly in the C-terminal domain (CTD) of NPM1. The most important mutation is the insertion at W288, which determines the frame shift W288Cfs12/Ffs12/Lfs*12 and leads to the addition of 2-12 amino acids, which hamper the correct folding of NPM1. This mutation leads to the loss of the nuclear localization signal (NoLS) and to aberrant cytoplasmic localization, denoted as NPM1c+. Many investigations demonstrated that interfering with the cellular location and oligomerization status of NPM1 can influence its biological functions, including the proper buildup of the nucleolus, and therapeutic strategies have been proposed to target NPM1c+, particularly the use of drugs able to re-direct NPM1 localization. Our studies unveiled a direct link between AML mutations and the neat amyloidogenic character of the CTDs of NPM1c+. Herein, with the aim of exploiting these conformational features, novel therapeutic strategies are proposed that rely on the induction of the selective self-cytotoxicity of leukemic blasts by focusing on agents such as peptides, peptoids or small molecules able to enhance amyloid aggregation and targeting selectively AML-NPM1c+ mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniela Marasco
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy;
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4
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Insights into Network of Hot Spots of Aggregation in Nucleophosmin 1. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314704. [PMID: 36499032 PMCID: PMC9736328 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
In a protein, point mutations associated with diseases can alter the native structure and provide loss or alteration of functional levels, and an internal structural network defines the connectivity among domains, as well as aggregate/soluble states' equilibria. Nucleophosmin (NPM)1 is an abundant nucleolar protein, which becomes mutated in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients. NPM1-dependent leukemogenesis, which leads to its aggregation in the cytoplasm (NPMc+), is still obscure, but the investigations have outlined a direct link between AML mutations and amyloid aggregation. Protein aggregation can be due to the cooperation among several hot spots located within the aggregation-prone regions (APR), often predictable with bioinformatic tools. In the present study, we investigated potential APRs in the entire NPM1 not yet investigated. On the basis of bioinformatic predictions and experimental structures, we designed several protein fragments and analyzed them through typical aggrsegation experiments, such as Thioflavin T (ThT), fluorescence and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) experiments, carried out at different times; in addition, their biocompatibility in SHSY5 cells was also evaluated. The presented data clearly demonstrate the existence of hot spots of aggregation located in different regions, mostly in the N-terminal domain (NTD) of the entire NPM1 protein, and provide a more comprehensive view of the molecular details potentially at the basis of NPMc+-dependent AML.
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5
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Florio D, Roviello V, La Manna S, Napolitano F, Maria Malfitano A, Marasco D. Small molecules enhancers of amyloid aggregation of C-terminal domain of Nucleophosmin 1 in acute myeloid leukemia. Bioorg Chem 2022; 127:106001. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.106001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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6
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La Manna S, Florio D, Di Natale C, Lagreca E, Sibillano T, Giannini C, Marasco D. Type C mutation of nucleophosmin 1 acute myeloid leukemia: Consequences of intrinsic disorder. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2022; 1866:130173. [PMID: 35597503 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2022.130173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nucleophosmin 1 (NPM1) protein is a multifunctional nucleolar chaperone and its gene is the most frequently mutated in Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML). AML mutations cause the unfolding of the C-terminal domain (CTD) and the protein delocalizing in the cytosol (NPM1c+). Marked aggregation endowed with an amyloid character was assessed as consequences of mutations. SCOPE Herein we analyzed the effects of type C mutation on two protein regions: i) a N-terminal extended version of the CTD, named Cterm_mutC and ii) a shorter polypeptide including the sequences of the second and third helices of the CTD, named H2_mutC. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS Both demonstrated able to self-assembly with different kinetics and conformational intermediates and to provide fibers presenting large flexible regions. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE The present study adds a new piece of knowledge to the effects of AML-mutations on structural biology of Nucleophosmin 1, that could be exploited in therapeutic interventions targeting selectively NPMc+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara La Manna
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Daniele Florio
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Concetta Di Natale
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre on Biomaterials (CRIB), Department of Ingegneria Chimica, dei Materiali e della Produzione Industriale (DICMAPI), Italy; Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, University of Naples "Federico II", Largo Barsanti e Matteucci 53, Naples 80125, Italy
| | - Elena Lagreca
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre on Biomaterials (CRIB), Department of Ingegneria Chimica, dei Materiali e della Produzione Industriale (DICMAPI), Italy; Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, University of Naples "Federico II", Largo Barsanti e Matteucci 53, Naples 80125, Italy
| | - Teresa Sibillano
- Institute of Crystallography (IC), National Research Council, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Cinzia Giannini
- Institute of Crystallography (IC), National Research Council, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Daniela Marasco
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", 80131 Naples, Italy.
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7
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La Manna S, Florio D, Di Natale C, Scognamiglio PL, Sibillano T, Netti PA, Giannini C, Marasco D. Type F mutation of nucleophosmin 1 Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A tale of disorder and aggregation. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 188:207-214. [PMID: 34364939 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Protein aggregation is suggested as a reversible, wide-spread physiological process used by cells to regulate their growth and adapt to different stress conditions. Nucleophosmin 1(NPM1) protein is an abundant multifunctional nucleolar chaperone and its gene is the most frequently mutated in Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) patients. So far, the role of NPM1 mutations in leukemogenesis has remained largely elusive considering that they have the double effect of unfolding the C-terminal domain (CTD) and delocalizing the protein in the cytosol (NPM1c+). This mislocalization heavily impacts on cell cycle regulation. Our recent investigations unequivocally demonstrated an amyloid aggregation propensity introduced by AML mutations. Herein, employing complementary biophysical assays, we have characterized a N-terminal extended version of type F AML mutation of CTD and proved that it is able to form assemblies with amyloid character and fibrillar morphology. The present study represents an additional phase of knowledge to deepen the roles exerted by different types of cytoplasmatic NPM1c+ forms to develop in the future potential therapeutics for their selective targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara La Manna
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", 80134 Naples, Italy
| | - Daniele Florio
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", 80134 Naples, Italy
| | - Concetta Di Natale
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre on Biomaterials (CRIB), Department of Ingegneria Chimica del Materiali e della Produzione Industriale (DICMAPI), University of Naples "Federico II", Italy
| | - Pasqualina Liana Scognamiglio
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre on Biomaterials (CRIB), Department of Ingegneria Chimica del Materiali e della Produzione Industriale (DICMAPI), University of Naples "Federico II", Italy
| | - Teresa Sibillano
- Institute of Crystallography (IC), National Research Council, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Paolo A Netti
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre on Biomaterials (CRIB), Department of Ingegneria Chimica del Materiali e della Produzione Industriale (DICMAPI), University of Naples "Federico II", Italy
| | - Cinzia Giannini
- Institute of Crystallography (IC), National Research Council, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Daniela Marasco
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", 80134 Naples, Italy.
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8
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Florio D, Di Natale C, Scognamiglio PL, Leone M, La Manna S, Di Somma S, Netti PA, Malfitano AM, Marasco D. Self-assembly of bio-inspired heterochiral peptides. Bioorg Chem 2021; 114:105047. [PMID: 34098256 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Peptide hydrogels, deriving from natural protein fragments, present unique advantages as compatibility and low cost of production that allow their wide application in different fields as wound healing, cell delivery and tissue regeneration. To engineer new biomaterials, the change of the chirality of single amino acids demonstrated a powerful approach to modulate the self-assembly mechanism. Recently we unveiled that a small stretch spanning residues 268-273 in the C-terminal domain (CTD) of Nucleophosmin 1 (NPM1) is an amyloid sequence. Herein, we performed a systematic D-scan of this sequence and analyzed the structural properties of obtained peptides. The conformational and kinetic features of self-aggregates and the morphologies of derived microstructures were investigated by means of different biophysical techniques, as well as the compatibility of hydrogels was evaluated in HeLa cells. All the investigated hexapeptides formed hydrogels even if they exhibited different conformational intermediates during aggregation, and they structural featured are finely tuned by introduced chiralities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Florio
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Italy
| | - Concetta Di Natale
- Center for Advanced Biomaterial for Health Care (CABHC), Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Naples, Italy; Interdisciplinary Research Centre on Biomaterials (CRIB), Department of Ingegneria Chimica del Materiali e della Produzione Industriale (DICMAPI), University "Federico II", Piazzale Tecchio 80, 80125 Naples, Italy
| | - Pasqualina Liana Scognamiglio
- Center for Advanced Biomaterial for Health Care (CABHC), Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Naples, Italy; Interdisciplinary Research Centre on Biomaterials (CRIB), Department of Ingegneria Chimica del Materiali e della Produzione Industriale (DICMAPI), University "Federico II", Piazzale Tecchio 80, 80125 Naples, Italy
| | - Marilisa Leone
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging - CNR, 80134 Naples, Italy
| | - Sara La Manna
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Italy
| | - Sarah Di Somma
- Department of Translational Medical Science, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Paolo Antonio Netti
- Center for Advanced Biomaterial for Health Care (CABHC), Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Naples, Italy; Interdisciplinary Research Centre on Biomaterials (CRIB), Department of Ingegneria Chimica del Materiali e della Produzione Industriale (DICMAPI), University "Federico II", Piazzale Tecchio 80, 80125 Naples, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Malfitano
- Department of Translational Medical Science, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Daniela Marasco
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Italy.
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9
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La Manna S, Florio D, Di Natale C, Napolitano F, Malfitano AM, Netti PA, De Benedictis I, Marasco D. Conformational consequences of NPM1 rare mutations: An aggregation perspective in Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Bioorg Chem 2021; 113:104997. [PMID: 34044346 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.104997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Often proteins association is a physiological process used by cells to regulate their growth and to adapt to different stress conditions, including mutations. In the case of a subtype of Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML), mutations of nucleophosmin 1 (NPM1) protein cause its aberrant cytoplasmatic mislocalization (NPMc+). We recently pointed out an amyloidogenic propensity of protein regions including the most common mutations of NPMc+ located in the C-terminal domain (CTD): they were able to form, in vitro, amyloid cytotoxic aggregates with fibrillar morphology. Herein, we analyzed the conformational characteristics of several peptides including rare AML mutations of NPMc+. By means of different spectroscopic, microscopic and cellular assays we evaluated the importance of amino acid composition, among rare AML mutations, to determine amyloidogenic propensity. This study could add a piece of knowledge to the structural consequences of mutations in cytoplasmatic NPM1c+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara La Manna
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", 80134 Naples, Italy
| | - Daniele Florio
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", 80134 Naples, Italy
| | - Concetta Di Natale
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre on Biomaterials (CRIB), Department of Ingegneria Chimica dei Materiali e della Produzione Industriale (DICMAPI), University of Naples "Federico II", 8012 Naples, Italy
| | - Fabiana Napolitano
- Department of Translational Medical Science, University of Naples "Federico II", 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Malfitano
- Department of Translational Medical Science, University of Naples "Federico II", 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Paolo A Netti
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre on Biomaterials (CRIB), Department of Ingegneria Chimica dei Materiali e della Produzione Industriale (DICMAPI), University of Naples "Federico II", 8012 Naples, Italy
| | | | - Daniela Marasco
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", 80134 Naples, Italy.
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10
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Amjadi-Moheb F, Paniri A, Akhavan-Niaki H. Insights into the Links between MYC and 3D Chromatin Structure and Epigenetics Regulation: Implications for Cancer Therapy. Cancer Res 2021; 81:1925-1936. [PMID: 33472888 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-20-3613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
MYC is embedded in the transcriptional oasis of the 8q24 gene desert. A plethora of genomic elements has roles in MYC aberrant expression in cancer development by interacting with transcription factors and epigenetics regulators as well as altering the structure of chromatin at the MYC locus and tissue-specific long-range enhancer-promoter contacts. Furthermore, MYC is a master regulator of several human cancers by modulating the transcription of numerous cancer-related genes through epigenetic mechanisms. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the three-dimensional genomic organization around MYC and the role of epigenetic machinery in transcription and function of MYC as well as discusses various epigenetic-targeted therapeutic strategies in MYC-driven cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Amjadi-Moheb
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Alireza Paniri
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Haleh Akhavan-Niaki
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
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11
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Di Natale C, Natale CF, Florio D, Netti PA, Morelli G, Ventre M, Marasco D. Effects of surface nanopatterning on internalization and amyloid aggregation of the fragment 264-277 of Nucleophosmin 1. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2020; 197:111439. [PMID: 33137636 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2020.111439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The mechanical interpretation of the plethora of factors that governs cellular localization of amyloid aggregates is crucial for planning novel therapeutical interventions in neurodegenerative diseases since these aggregates exert a primary role in the proteostasis machinery. The uptake of Cell Penetrating Peptides (CPPs) conjugated with different amyloid polypeptides occurs via different endocytic processes regulated by cytoskeleton organization and cell morphology. Herein, we deepened the internalization of an amyloid system in cells cultured on nanopatterned surfaces that represent a powerful tool to shape cell and regulate its contractility. We analyzed the behavior of an amyloid model system, employing NPM1264-277 sequence, covalently conjugated to Tat fragment 48-60 as CPP. To investigate its internalization mechanism, we followed the formation of aggregates on two kinds of substrates: a flat and a nanopatterned surface. Herein, investigations during time were carried out by employing both confocal and second harmonic generation (SHG) microscopies. We showed that modifications of cellular environment affect peptide localization, its cytoplasmic translocation and the size of amyloid aggregates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Concetta Di Natale
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Italy; Center for Advanced Biomaterial for Health Care (CABHC), Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Naples, Italy; Interdisciplinary Research Centre on Biomaterials (CRIB), University of Naples Federico II, Piazzale Tecchio 80, 80125 Naples, Italy
| | - Carlo F Natale
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre on Biomaterials (CRIB), University of Naples Federico II, Piazzale Tecchio 80, 80125 Naples, Italy
| | - Daniele Florio
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Italy
| | - Paolo Antonio Netti
- Center for Advanced Biomaterial for Health Care (CABHC), Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Naples, Italy; Interdisciplinary Research Centre on Biomaterials (CRIB), University of Naples Federico II, Piazzale Tecchio 80, 80125 Naples, Italy; Department of Chemical, Materials and Industrial Production Engineering (DICMAPI), University of Naples Federico II, Piazzale Tecchio 80, 80125 Naples, Italy
| | | | - Maurizio Ventre
- Center for Advanced Biomaterial for Health Care (CABHC), Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Naples, Italy; Interdisciplinary Research Centre on Biomaterials (CRIB), University of Naples Federico II, Piazzale Tecchio 80, 80125 Naples, Italy; Department of Chemical, Materials and Industrial Production Engineering (DICMAPI), University of Naples Federico II, Piazzale Tecchio 80, 80125 Naples, Italy
| | - Daniela Marasco
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Italy
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12
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Di Natale C, Florio D, Di Somma S, Di Matteo A, Federici L, Netti PA, Morelli G, Malfitano AM, Marasco D. Proteostasis unbalance of nucleophosmin 1 in Acute Myeloid Leukemia: An aggregomic perspective. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 164:3501-3507. [PMID: 32890557 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.08.248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The role exerted by the nucleus in the regulation of proteostasis in both health and disease is recognized of outmost importance, even though not fully understood. Many recent investigations are focused on its ability to modulate and coordinate protein quality control machineries in mammalian cells. Nucleophosmin 1 (NPM1) is one of the most abundant nucleolar proteins and its gene is mutated in ~30% of Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) patients. Mutations are localized in the C-terminal domain of the protein and cause cytoplasmatically delocalized and possibly aggregated forms of NPM1 (NPM1c+). Therapeutic interventions targeted on NPM1c+ are in demand and, to this end, deeper knowledge of NPM1c+ behavior in the blasts' cytosol is required. Here by means of complementary biophysical techniques we compared the conformational and aggregative behavior of the entire C-terminal domains of NPM1wt and type A NPM1c+ (bearing the most common mutation). Overall data show that only Cterm_mutA is able to form amyloid-like assemblies with fibrillar morphology and that the oligomers are toxic in human neuroblastoma SHSY cells. This study adds a novel piece of knowledge to the comprehension of the molecular roles exerted by cytoplasmatic NPM1c+ and suggests the exploitation of the amyloidogenic propensity of NPM1c+ as a new strategy for targeting AML with NPM1 mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Concetta Di Natale
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", 80134, Italy; Center for Advanced Biomaterial for Health Care (CABHC), Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Naples, Italy; Interdisciplinary Research Centre on Biomaterials (CRIB), University of Naples Federico II, P.le Tecchio 80, Naples 80125, Italy
| | - Daniele Florio
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", 80134, Italy
| | - Sarah Di Somma
- Department of Translational Medical Science, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Adele Di Matteo
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, National Research Council of Italy, c/o Department of Biochemical Sciences "A Rossi Fanelli" - Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Federici
- Center of Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST) and Department of Clinical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti "G. d'Annunzio", 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Paolo Antonio Netti
- Center for Advanced Biomaterial for Health Care (CABHC), Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Naples, Italy; Interdisciplinary Research Centre on Biomaterials (CRIB), University of Naples Federico II, P.le Tecchio 80, Naples 80125, Italy; Department of Chemical Materials and Industrial Production (DICMAPI), University of Naples Federico II, P.le Tecchio 80, Naples 80125, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Morelli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", 80134, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Malfitano
- Department of Translational Medical Science, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Daniela Marasco
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", 80134, Italy.
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13
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Human MYC G-quadruplex: From discovery to a cancer therapeutic target. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2020; 1874:188410. [PMID: 32827579 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2020.188410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Overexpression of the MYC oncogene is a molecular hallmark of both cancer initiation and progression. Targeting MYC is a logical and effective cancer therapeutic strategy. A special DNA secondary structure, the G-quadruplex (G4), is formed within the nuclease hypersensitivity element III1 (NHE III1) region, located upstream of the MYC gene's P1 promoter that drives the majority of its transcription. Targeting such G4 structures has been a focus of anticancer therapies in recent decades. Thus, a comprehensive review of the MYC G4 structure and its role as a potential therapeutic target is timely. In this review, we first outline the discovery of the MYC G4 structure and evidence of its formation in vitro and in cells. Then, we describe the functional role of G4 in regulating MYC gene expression. We also summarize three types of MYC G4-interacting proteins that can promote, stabilize and unwind G4 structures. Finally, we discuss G4-binding molecules and the anticancer activities of G4-stabilizing ligands, including small molecular compounds and peptides, and assess their potential as novel anticancer therapeutics.
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14
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Modulation of Amyloidogenic Peptide Aggregation by Photoactivatable CO-Releasing Ruthenium(II) Complexes. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2020; 13:ph13080171. [PMID: 32751396 PMCID: PMC7464691 DOI: 10.3390/ph13080171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Three Ru(II)-based CO-releasing molecules featuring bidentate benzimidazole and terpyridine derivatives as ligands were investigated for their ability to modulate the aggregation process of the second helix of the C-terminal domain of nucleophosmin 1, namely nucleophosmin 1 (NPM1)264-277, a model amyloidogenic system, before and after irradiation at 365 nm. Thioflavin T (ThT) binding assays and UV/Vis absorption spectra indicate that binding of the compounds to the peptide inhibits its aggregation and that the inhibitory effect increases upon irradiation (half maximal effective concentration (EC50) values in the high micromolar range). Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry data of the peptide in the presence of one of these compounds confirm that the modulation of amyloid aggregation relies on the formation of adducts obtained when the Ru compounds react with the peptide upon releasing of labile ligands, like chloride and carbon monoxide. This mechanism of action explains the subtle different behavior of the three compounds observed in ThT experiments. Overall, data support the hypothesis that metal-based CO releasing molecules can be used to develop metal-based drugs with potential application as anti-amyloidogenic agents.
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15
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Cela I, Di Matteo A, Federici L. Nucleophosmin in Its Interaction with Ligands. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E4885. [PMID: 32664415 PMCID: PMC7402337 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21144885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nucleophosmin (NPM1) is a mainly nucleolar protein that shuttles between nucleoli, nucleoplasm and cytoplasm to fulfill its many functions. It is a chaperone of both nucleic acids and proteins and plays a role in cell cycle control, centrosome duplication, ribosome maturation and export, as well as the cellular response to a variety of stress stimuli. NPM1 is a hub protein in nucleoli where it contributes to nucleolar organization through heterotypic and homotypic interactions. Furthermore, several alterations, including overexpression, chromosomal translocations and mutations are present in solid and hematological cancers. Recently, novel germline mutations that cause dyskeratosis congenita have also been described. This review focuses on NPM1 interactions and inhibition. Indeed, the list of NPM1 binding partners is ever-growing and, in recent years, many studies contributed to clarifying the structural basis for NPM1 recognition of both nucleic acids and several proteins. Intriguingly, a number of natural and synthetic ligands that interfere with NPM1 interactions have also been reported. The possible role of NPM1 inhibitors in the treatment of multiple cancers and other pathologies is emerging as a new therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Cela
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), University of Chieti “G. d’Annunzio”, Via Polacchi, 66100 Chieti, Italy;
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti “G. d’Annunzio”, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Adele Di Matteo
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology (IBPM) of the CNR, c/o “Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy;
| | - Luca Federici
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), University of Chieti “G. d’Annunzio”, Via Polacchi, 66100 Chieti, Italy;
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti “G. d’Annunzio”, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
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16
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Marzano M, Falanga AP, Marasco D, Borbone N, D’Errico S, Piccialli G, Roviello GN, Oliviero G. Evaluation of an Analogue of the Marine ε-PLL Peptide as a Ligand of G-quadruplex DNA Structures. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:md18010049. [PMID: 31940851 PMCID: PMC7024349 DOI: 10.3390/md18010049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 01/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
ε-poly-l-Lysine (ε-PLL) peptide is a product of the marine bacterium Bacillus subtilis with antibacterial and anticancer activity largely used worldwide as a food preservative. ε-PLL and its synthetic analogue α,ε-poly-l-lysine (α,ε-PLL) are also employed in the biomedical field as enhancers of anticancer drugs and for drug and gene delivery applications. Recently, several studies reported the interaction between these non-canonical peptides and DNA targets. Among the most important DNA targets are the DNA secondary structures known as G-quadruplexes (G4s) which play relevant roles in many biological processes and disease-related mechanisms. The search for novel ligands capable of interfering with G4-driven biological processes elicits growing attention in the screening of new classes of G4 binders. In this context, we have here investigated the potential of α,ε-PLL as a G4 ligand. In particular, the effects of the incubation of two different models of G4 DNA, i.e., the parallel G4 formed by the Pu22 (d[TGAGGGTGGGTAGGGTGGGTAA]) sequence, a mutated and shorter analogue of the G4-forming sequence known as Pu27 located in the promoter of the c-myc oncogene, and the hybrid parallel/antiparallel G4 formed by the human Tel22 (d[AGGGTTAGGGTTAGGGTTAGGG]) telomeric sequence, with α,ε-PLL are discussed in the light of circular dichroism (CD), UV, fluorescence, size exclusion chromatography (SEC), and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) evidence. Even though the SPR results indicated that α,ε-PLL is capable of binding with µM affinity to both the G4 models, spectroscopic and SEC investigations disclosed significant differences in the structural properties of the resulting α,ε-PLL/G4 complexes which support the use of α,ε-PLL as a G4 ligand capable of discriminating among different G4 topologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Marzano
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Andrea Patrizia Falanga
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Daniela Marasco
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging—CNR 1, Via Mezzocannone 16, 80134 Naples, Italy
| | - Nicola Borbone
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Stefano D’Errico
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Gennaro Piccialli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni Nicola Roviello
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging—CNR 1, Via Mezzocannone 16, 80134 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Giorgia Oliviero
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Napoli Federico II, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
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17
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Zhao D, Lu K, Liu G, Hou J, Yuan L, Ma L, Liu J, He J. PEP-FOLD design, synthesis, and characteristics of finger-like polypeptides. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2020; 224:117401. [PMID: 31394393 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2019.117401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Polypeptides with finger-like structures can often intercalate into the grooves of DNA, thereby affecting DNA repair or activating gene transcription, both of which are crucial for the regulation of physiological processes. Their conserved amino acid sequence and simple structure have provided useful elements for the design and assembly of functional molecules. In this paper, using the C2H2 zinc finger domain and the PEP-FOLD3 online simulation platform 11 polypeptides containing 22 amino acid residues were designed. In addition, the CD spectroscopy was combined with the fluorescence spectroscopy to study the polypeptide structures and their interaction with DNA. Results showed that although addition of zinc ions affected the polypeptide structure, particularly of the polypeptides A4, B1, and B3, zinc ion was not an essential factor for increasing polypeptide-DNA interactions. Our study revealed an increase in the interaction strength between mutated polypeptides and DNA, suggesting that mutations disrupt polypeptide structure, and polypeptides interact with DNA by groove and electrostatic binding. Mutations at the 12th and 15th amino acid residues had the greatest effect. The stronger binding between A2 or B2 and DNA indicates that the polypeptide has a spatial structure that can stably interact with DNA. The structure and characteristics of these polypeptide domains can provide information for the design and development of new polypeptide functional molecules, which could have potential significance and applications. However, this information also suggests that there are many challenges facing polypeptide design due to the synergistic effects between the side chains of amino acid residues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongxin Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Kui Lu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China; School of Chemical Engineering and Food Science, Zhengzhou Institute of Technology, Zhengzhou 450044, China
| | - Guangbin Liu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450007, China
| | - Juhong Hou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Libo Yuan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Li Ma
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Jie Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Juan He
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
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18
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Ponkratova DA, Lushnikova AA. Features of the Structure and Expression of NPM and NCL Genes in Cutaneous Melanoma. Mol Biol 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026893319040083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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19
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La Manna S, Scognamiglio PL, Roviello V, Borbone F, Florio D, Di Natale C, Bigi A, Cecchi C, Cascella R, Giannini C, Sibillano T, Novellino E, Marasco D. The acute myeloid leukemia-associated Nucleophosmin 1 gene mutations dictate amyloidogenicity of the C-terminal domain. FEBS J 2019; 286:2311-2328. [PMID: 30921500 DOI: 10.1111/febs.14815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2018] [Revised: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Nucleophosmin 1 (NPM1) is a nucleus-cytoplasm shuttling protein ubiquitously expressed and highly conserved. It is involved in many cellular processes and its gene is mutated in ~ 50-60% of Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) patients. These mutations cause its cytoplasmic mislocation and accumulation (referred to as NPM1c+) and open the door to rational targeted therapy for AML diseases with mutated NPM1. Currently, there is limited knowledge on the mechanism of action of NPM1c+ and on structural determinants of the leukemogenic potential of AML mutations. Numerous previous studies outlined an unexpected amyloid-like aggregation tendency of several regions located in the C-terminal domain that, in wild-type form, fold as a three-helical-bundle. Here, using a combination of different techniques including Thioflavin T fluorescence, congo red absorbance, CD spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and wide-angle X-ray scattering on a series of peptides bearing mutations, we evidence that the amyloidogenicity of NPM1 mutants is directly linked to AML. Noticeably, AML point mutations strongly affect the amyloid cytotoxic effects in neuroblastoma cells and the morphologies of deriving fibrils. This study paves the way to deepen our understanding of AML-associated NPM1 mutants, and could help to break new ground for the identification of novel drugs targeting NPM1c+ for treatment of AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara La Manna
- Department of Pharmacy, CIRPEB: Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca sui Peptidi Bioattivi, University of Naples "Federico II", Italy
| | - Pasqualina Liana Scognamiglio
- Department of Pharmacy, CIRPEB: Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca sui Peptidi Bioattivi, University of Naples "Federico II", Italy
| | - Valentina Roviello
- Analytical Chemistry for the Environment and CeSMA (Advanced Metrologic Service Center), University of Naples "Federico II", Italy
| | - Fabio Borbone
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Italy
| | - Daniele Florio
- Department of Pharmacy, CIRPEB: Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca sui Peptidi Bioattivi, University of Naples "Federico II", Italy
| | - Concetta Di Natale
- Department of Pharmacy, CIRPEB: Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca sui Peptidi Bioattivi, University of Naples "Federico II", Italy
| | - Alessandra Bigi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, Section of Biochemistry, University of Florence, Italy
| | - Cristina Cecchi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, Section of Biochemistry, University of Florence, Italy
| | - Roberta Cascella
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, Section of Biochemistry, University of Florence, Italy
| | - Cinzia Giannini
- Institute of Crystallography (IC), National Research Council, Bari, Italy
| | - Teresa Sibillano
- Institute of Crystallography (IC), National Research Council, Bari, Italy
| | - Ettore Novellino
- Department of Pharmacy, CIRPEB: Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca sui Peptidi Bioattivi, University of Naples "Federico II", Italy
| | - Daniela Marasco
- Department of Pharmacy, CIRPEB: Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca sui Peptidi Bioattivi, University of Naples "Federico II", Italy
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20
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La Manna S, Roviello V, Scognamiglio PL, Diaferia C, Giannini C, Sibillano T, Morelli G, Novellino E, Marasco D. Amyloid fibers deriving from the aromatic core of C-terminal domain of nucleophosmin 1. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 122:517-525. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.10.210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2018] [Revised: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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21
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Di Natale C, La Manna S, Malfitano AM, Di Somma S, Florio D, Scognamiglio PL, Novellino E, Netti PA, Marasco D. Structural insights into amyloid structures of the C-terminal region of nucleophosmin 1 in type A mutation of acute myeloid leukemia. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2019; 1867:637-644. [PMID: 30710643 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2019.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a clinically and a molecularly heterogeneous disease characterized by the accumulation of undifferentiated and uncontrolled proliferation of hematopoietic progenitor cells. The sub-group named "AML with gene mutations" includes mutations in nucleophosmin (NPM1) assumed as a distinct leukemic entity. NPM1 is an abundant multifunctional protein belonging to the nucleoplasmin family of nuclear chaperones. AML mutated protein is translocated into the cytoplasm (NPM1c+) retaining all functional domains except the loss of a unique NoLs (nucleolar localization signal) at the C-term domain (CTD) and the subsequent disruption of a three helix bundle as tertiary structure. The oligomeric state of NPM1 is of outmost importance for its biological roles and our previous studies linked an aggregation propensity of distinct regions of CTD to leukomogenic potentials of AML mutations. Here we investigated a polypeptide spanning the third and second helices of the bundle of type A mutated CTD. By a combination of several techniques, we ascertained the amyloid character of the aggregates and of fibrils resulting from a self-recognition mechanism. Further amyloid assemblies resulted cytoxic in MTT assay strengthening a new idea of a therapeutic strategy in AML consisting in the self-degradation of mutated NPM1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Concetta Di Natale
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Italy; Center for Advanced Biomaterial for Health Care (CABHC), Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Naples, Italy
| | - Sara La Manna
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Italy
| | | | - Sarah Di Somma
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Naples "Federico II", Italy
| | - Daniele Florio
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Italy
| | | | - Ettore Novellino
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Italy
| | - Paolo Antonio Netti
- Center for Advanced Biomaterial for Health Care (CABHC), Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Naples, Italy
| | - Daniela Marasco
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Italy.
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22
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Brunetti L, Gundry MC, Goodell MA. New insights into the biology of acute myeloid leukemia with mutated NPM1. Int J Hematol 2019; 110:150-160. [DOI: 10.1007/s12185-018-02578-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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23
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Burra S, Marasco D, Malfatti MC, Antoniali G, Virgilio A, Esposito V, Demple B, Galeone A, Tell G. Human AP-endonuclease (Ape1) activity on telomeric G4 structures is modulated by acetylatable lysine residues in the N-terminal sequence. DNA Repair (Amst) 2018; 73:129-143. [PMID: 30509560 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2018.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Revised: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Loss of telomeres stability is a hallmark of cancer cells. Exposed telomeres are prone to aberrant end-joining reactions leading to chromosomal fusions and translocations. Human telomeres contain repeated TTAGGG elements, in which the 3' exposed strand may adopt a G-quadruplex (G4) structure. The guanine-rich regions of telomeres are hotspots for oxidation forming 8-oxoguanine, a lesion that is handled by the base excision repair (BER) pathway. One key player of this pathway is Ape1, the main human endonuclease processing abasic sites. Recent evidences showed an important role for Ape1 in telomeric physiology, but the molecular details regulating Ape1 enzymatic activities on G4-telomeric sequences are lacking. Through a combination of in vitro assays, we demonstrate that Ape1 can bind and process different G4 structures and that this interaction involves specific acetylatable lysine residues (i.e. K27/31/32/35) present in the unstructured N-terminal sequence of the protein. The cleavage of an abasic site located in a G4 structure by Ape1 depends on the DNA conformation or the position of the lesion and on electrostatic interactions between the protein and the nucleic acids. Moreover, Ape1 mutants mimicking the acetylated protein display increased cleavage activity for abasic sites. We found that nucleophosmin (NPM1), which binds the N-terminal sequence of Ape1, plays a role in modulating telomere length and Ape1 activity at abasic G4 structures. Thus, the Ape1 N-terminal sequence is an important relay site for regulating the enzyme's activity on G4-telomeric sequences, and specific acetylatable lysine residues constitute key regulatory sites of Ape1 enzymatic activity dynamics at telomeres.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Burra
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and DNA Repair, Department of Medicine (DAME), University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Daniela Marasco
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Via D. Montesano 49, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Matilde Clarissa Malfatti
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and DNA Repair, Department of Medicine (DAME), University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Giulia Antoniali
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and DNA Repair, Department of Medicine (DAME), University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Antonella Virgilio
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Via D. Montesano 49, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Veronica Esposito
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Via D. Montesano 49, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Bruce Demple
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-8651, USA
| | - Aldo Galeone
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Via D. Montesano 49, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Gianluca Tell
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and DNA Repair, Department of Medicine (DAME), University of Udine, Udine, Italy.
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24
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Fulka H, Langerova A. Nucleoli in embryos: a central structural platform for embryonic chromatin remodeling? Chromosome Res 2018; 27:129-140. [PMID: 30406864 DOI: 10.1007/s10577-018-9590-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Nucleoli are the site of ribosomal RNA production and subunit assembly. In contrast to active nucleoli in somatic cells, where three basic sub-compartments can be observed, mammalian oocytes and early embryos contain atypical nucleoli termed "nucleolus-like bodies" or "nucleolus precursor bodies", respectively. Unlike their somatic counterparts, these structures are composed of dense homogenous fibrillar material and exhibit no polymerase activity. Irrespective of these unusual properties, they have been shown to be absolutely essential for embryonic development, as their microsurgical removal results in developmental arrest. Historically, nucleolus-like and nucleolus precursor bodies have been perceived as passive storage sites of nucleolar material, which is gradually utilized by embryos to construct fully functional nucleoli once they have activated their genome and have started to produce ribosomes. For decades, researchers have been trying to elucidate the composition of these organelles and provide the evidence for their repository role. However, only recently has it become clear that the function of these atypical nucleoli is altogether different, and rather than being involved in ribosome biogenesis, they participate in parental chromatin remodeling, and strikingly, the artificial introduction of a single NPB component is sufficient to rescue the developmental arrest elicited by the NPB removal. In this review, we will describe and summarize the experiments that led to the change in our understanding of these unique structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Fulka
- Institute of Animal Science, v.v.i., 104 00, Prague 10, Czech Republic. .,Institute of Molecular Genetics ASCR, v.v.i., 142 20, Prague 4, Czech Republic. .,Institute of Experimental Medicine ASCR, v.v.i., 142 20, Prague 4, Czech Republic.
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25
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Arvidsson G, Wright APH. A Protein Intrinsic Disorder Approach for Characterising Differentially Expressed Genes in Transcriptome Data: Analysis of Cell-Adhesion Regulated Gene Expression in Lymphoma Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19103101. [PMID: 30308971 PMCID: PMC6213395 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19103101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Conformational protein properties are coupled to protein functionality and could provide a useful parameter for functional annotation of differentially expressed genes in transcriptome studies. The aim was to determine whether predicted intrinsic protein disorder was differentially associated with proteins encoded by genes that are differentially regulated in lymphoma cells upon interaction with stromal cells, an interaction that occurs in microenvironments, such as lymph nodes that are protective for lymphoma cells during chemotherapy. Intrinsic disorder protein properties were extracted from the Database of Disordered Protein Prediction (D²P²), which contains data from nine intrinsic disorder predictors. Proteins encoded by differentially regulated cell-adhesion regulated genes were enriched in intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs) compared to other genes both with regard to IDR number and length. The enrichment was further ascribed to down-regulated genes. Consistently, a higher proportion of proteins encoded by down-regulated genes contained at least one IDR or were completely disordered. We conclude that down-regulated genes in stromal cell-adherent lymphoma cells encode proteins that are characterized by elevated levels of intrinsically disordered conformation, indicating the importance of down-regulating functional mechanisms associated with intrinsically disordered proteins in these cells. Further, the approach provides a generally applicable and complementary alternative to classification of differentially regulated genes using gene ontology or pathway enrichment analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustav Arvidsson
- Clinical Research Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge SE 141 57, Sweden.
| | - Anthony P H Wright
- Clinical Research Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge SE 141 57, Sweden.
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26
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Roviello GN. Novel insights into nucleoamino acids: biomolecular recognition and aggregation studies of a thymine-conjugated L-phenyl alanine. Amino Acids 2018; 50:933-941. [PMID: 29766280 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-018-2562-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
This article deals with the synthesis in solid phase and characterization of a nucleoamino amide, based on a phenylalaninamide moiety which was N-conjugated to a thymine nucleobase. In analogy to the natural nucleobase-amino acid conjugates, endowed with a wide range of biological properties, the nucleoamino amide interacts with single-stranded nucleic acids as verified in DNA- and RNA-binding assays conducted by CD and UV spectroscopies. These technologies were used to show also that this conjugate binds serum proteins altering significantly their secondary structure, as evidenced by CD and UV using BSA as a model. The biomolecular recognition seems to rely on the ability of the novel compound to bind aromatic and heteroaromatic moieties in protein and nucleic acids, not hindered by its propensity to self-assemble in aqueous solution, behavior suggested by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and CD spectroscopy in concentration- and temperature-dependent experiments. Finally, the high stability in human serum concurs to define the picture of the nucleoamino amide: this enzymatically stable drug candidate could interfere with protein and single-stranded nucleic acid-driven biological processes, particularly those associated with mRNA poly(A) tail, and its self-assembling nature, in analogy to other L-Phe-based systems, discloses new scenarios in drug delivery technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni N Roviello
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini-CNR (UOS Napoli centro), 80134, Naples, Italy.
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27
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Chaudhary S, Kaushik M, Kukreti R, Kukreti S. Structural switch from a multistranded G-quadruplex to single strands as a consequence of point mutation in the promoter of the human GRIN1 gene. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2018; 13:1805-1816. [PMID: 28702665 DOI: 10.1039/c7mb00360a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A huge number of G-rich sequences forming quadruplexes are found in the human genome, especially in telomeric regions, UTRs, and the promoter regions of a number of genes. One such gene is GRIN1 encoding the NR1 subunit of the N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDA). Several lines of reports have implicated that attenuated function of NMDA results in schizophrenia, a genetic disorder characterized by hallucinations, delusions, and psychosis. Involvement of the GRIN1 gene in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia has been extensively analysed. Recent reports have demonstrated that polymorphism in the promoter region of GRIN1 at position -855 (G/C) has a possible association with schizophrenia. The binding site for the NF-κB transcription factor gets altered due to this mutation, resulting in reduced gene expression as well as NMDA activity. By combining gel electrophoresis (PAGE), circular dichroism (CD) and CD melting techniques, the G → C single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) at the G-rich sequence (d-CTTAGCCCGAGGAG[combining low line]GGGGGTCCCAAGT; GRIN1) was investigated. We report that the GRIN1 sequence can form an octameric/multistranded quadruplex structure with parallel conformation in the presence of K+ as well as Na+. CD and gel studies are in good correlation in order to detect molecularity and strand conformation. The parallel G-quadruplex species was hypothesized to be octameric in K+/Na+ salts. The mutated sequence (d-CTTAGCCCGAGGAC[combining low line]GGGGGTCCCAAGT; GRIN1M) remained single stranded under physiological conditions. CD melting studies support the formation of an interstranded G-quadruplex structure by the GRIN1 sequence. Two structural models are propounded for a multistranded parallel G-quadruplex conformation which might be responsible for regulating the gene expression normally underlying memory and learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Chaudhary
- Nucleic Acids Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi, India.
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28
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De Santis A, La Manna S, Krauss IR, Malfitano AM, Novellino E, Federici L, De Cola A, Di Matteo A, D'Errico G, Marasco D. Nucleophosmin-1 regions associated with acute myeloid leukemia interact differently with lipid membranes. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2018; 1862:967-978. [PMID: 29330024 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2018.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Revised: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Augusta De Santis
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy; CSGI - Consorzio Interuniversitario per lo Sviluppo dei Sistemi a Grande Interfase, Florence, Italy
| | - Sara La Manna
- Department of Pharmacy, CIRPEB: Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca sui Peptidi Bioattivi, University of Naples "Federico II", 80134, Naples, Italy
| | - Irene Russo Krauss
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy; CSGI - Consorzio Interuniversitario per lo Sviluppo dei Sistemi a Grande Interfase, Florence, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Malfitano
- Department of Pharmacy, CIRPEB: Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca sui Peptidi Bioattivi, University of Naples "Federico II", 80134, Naples, Italy
| | - Ettore Novellino
- Department of Pharmacy, CIRPEB: Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca sui Peptidi Bioattivi, University of Naples "Federico II", 80134, Naples, Italy
| | - Luca Federici
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences and CeSI-MeT, University of Chieti "G. d'Annunzio", Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Antonella De Cola
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences and CeSI-MeT, University of Chieti "G. d'Annunzio", Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Adele Di Matteo
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, CNR, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Gerardino D'Errico
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy; CSGI - Consorzio Interuniversitario per lo Sviluppo dei Sistemi a Grande Interfase, Florence, Italy
| | - Daniela Marasco
- Department of Pharmacy, CIRPEB: Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca sui Peptidi Bioattivi, University of Naples "Federico II", 80134, Naples, Italy.
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29
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Molecules that target nucleophosmin for cancer treatment: an update. Oncotarget 2018; 7:44821-44840. [PMID: 27058426 PMCID: PMC5190137 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Nucleophosmin is a highly and ubiquitously expressed protein, mainly localized in nucleoli but able to shuttle between nucleus and cytoplasm. Nucleophosmin plays crucial roles in ribosome maturation and export, centrosome duplication, cell cycle progression, histone assembly and response to a variety of stress stimuli. Much interest in this protein has arisen in the past ten years, since the discovery of heterozygous mutations in the terminal exon of the NPM1 gene, which are the most frequent genetic alteration in acute myeloid leukemia. Nucleophosmin is also frequently overexpressed in solid tumours and, in many cases, its overexpression correlates with mitotic index and metastatization. Therefore it is considered as a promising target for the treatment of both haematologic and solid malignancies. NPM1 targeting molecules may suppress different functions of the protein, interfere with its subcellular localization, with its oligomerization properties or drive its degradation. In the recent years, several such molecules have been described and here we review what is currently known about them, their interaction with nucleophosmin and the mechanistic basis of their toxicity. Collectively, these molecules exemplify a number of different strategies that can be adopted to target nucleophosmin and we summarize them at the end of the review.
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La Manna S, Lopez-Sanz L, Leone M, Brandi P, Scognamiglio PL, Morelli G, Novellino E, Gomez-Guerrero C, Marasco D. Structure-activity studies of peptidomimetics based on kinase-inhibitory region of suppressors of cytokine signaling 1. Biopolymers 2017; 110. [PMID: 29154500 DOI: 10.1002/bip.23082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Revised: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Suppressors of Cytokine Signaling (SOCS) proteins are negative regulators of JAK proteins that are receptor-associated tyrosine kinases, which play key roles in the phosphorylation and subsequent activation of several transcription factors named STATs. Unlike the other SOCS proteins, SOCS1 and 3 show, in the N-terminal portion, a small kinase inhibitory region (KIR) involved in the inhibition of JAK kinases. Drug discovery processes of compounds based on KIR sequence demonstrated promising in functional in vitro and in inflammatory animal models and we recently developed a peptidomimetic called PS5, as lead compound. Here, we investigated the cellular ability of PS5 to mimic SOCS1 biological functions in vascular smooth muscle cells and simultaneously we set up a new binding assay for the screening and identification of JAK2 binders based on a SPR experiment that revealed more robust with respect to previous ELISAs. On this basis, we designed several peptidomimetics bearing new structural constraints that were analyzed in both affinities toward JAK2 and conformational features through Circular Dichroism and NMR spectroscopies. Introduced chemical modifications provided an enhancement of serum stabilities of new sequences that could aid the design of future mimetic molecules of SOCS1 as novel anti-inflammatory compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara La Manna
- Department of Pharmacy, CIRPEB: Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca sui Peptidi Bioattivi- University of Naples "Federico II,", Naples, 80134, Italy
| | - Laura Lopez-Sanz
- Renal and Vascular Inflammation Group, Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz (IIS-FJD), Autonoma University of Madrid (UAM), Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Madrid, 28040, Spain
| | - Marilisa Leone
- Institute of Biostructure and Bioimaging, National Research Council, Naples, 80134, Italy
| | - Paola Brandi
- Department of Pharmacy, CIRPEB: Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca sui Peptidi Bioattivi- University of Naples "Federico II,", Naples, 80134, Italy
| | - Pasqualina Liana Scognamiglio
- Department of Pharmacy, CIRPEB: Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca sui Peptidi Bioattivi- University of Naples "Federico II,", Naples, 80134, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Morelli
- Department of Pharmacy, CIRPEB: Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca sui Peptidi Bioattivi- University of Naples "Federico II,", Naples, 80134, Italy
- Institute of Biostructure and Bioimaging, National Research Council, Naples, 80134, Italy
| | - Ettore Novellino
- Department of Pharmacy, CIRPEB: Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca sui Peptidi Bioattivi- University of Naples "Federico II,", Naples, 80134, Italy
| | - Carmen Gomez-Guerrero
- Renal and Vascular Inflammation Group, Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz (IIS-FJD), Autonoma University of Madrid (UAM), Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Madrid, 28040, Spain
| | - Daniela Marasco
- Department of Pharmacy, CIRPEB: Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca sui Peptidi Bioattivi- University of Naples "Federico II,", Naples, 80134, Italy
- Institute of Biostructure and Bioimaging, National Research Council, Naples, 80134, Italy
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31
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Satkunanathan S, Thorpe R, Zhao Y. The function of DNA binding protein nucleophosmin in AAV replication. Virology 2017; 510:46-54. [PMID: 28704696 PMCID: PMC5572047 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2017.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Revised: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Adeno-associated viruses (AAV) contain minimal viral proteins necessary for their replication. During virus assembly, AAV acquire, inherently and submissively, various cellular proteins. Our previous studies identified the association of AAV vectors with the DNA binding protein nucleophosmin (NPM1). Nucleophosmin has been reported to enhance AAV infection by mobilizing AAV capsids into and out of the nucleolus, indicating the importance of NPM1 in the AAV life cycle; however the role of NPM1 in AAV production remains unknown. In this study, we systematically investigated NPM1 function on AAV production using NPM1 knockdown cells and revealing for the first time the presence of G-quadruplex DNA sequences (GQRS) in the AAV genome, the synergistic NPM1-GQRS function in AAV production and the significant enhancement of NPM1 gene knockdown on AAV vector production. Understanding the role of cellular proteins in the AAV life cycle will greatly facilitate high titre production of AAV vectors for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stifani Satkunanathan
- Division of Advanced Therapies, National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, Blanche Lane, South Mimms, Potters Bar, Hertfordshire EN6 3QG, UK
| | - Robin Thorpe
- Division of Advanced Therapies, National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, Blanche Lane, South Mimms, Potters Bar, Hertfordshire EN6 3QG, UK
| | - Yuan Zhao
- Division of Advanced Therapies, National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, Blanche Lane, South Mimms, Potters Bar, Hertfordshire EN6 3QG, UK.
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32
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Hanley ML, Yoo TY, Sonnett M, Needleman DJ, Mitchison TJ. Chromosomal passenger complex hydrodynamics suggests chaperoning of the inactive state by nucleoplasmin/nucleophosmin. Mol Biol Cell 2017; 28:1444-1456. [PMID: 28404751 PMCID: PMC5449145 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e16-12-0860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Revised: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The chromosomal passenger complex (CPC) is a conserved, essential regulator of cell division. As such, significant anti-cancer drug development efforts have been focused on targeting it, most notably by inhibiting its AURKB kinase subunit. The CPC is activated by AURKB-catalyzed autophosphorylation on multiple subunits, but how this regulates CPC interactions with other mitotic proteins remains unclear. We investigated the hydrodynamic behavior of the CPC in Xenopus laevis egg cytosol using sucrose gradient sedimentation and in HeLa cells using fluorescence correlation spectroscopy. We found that autophosphorylation of the CPC decreases its sedimentation coefficient in egg cytosol and increases its diffusion coefficient in live cells, indicating a decrease in mass. Using immunoprecipitation coupled with mass spectrometry and immunoblots, we discovered that inactive, unphosphorylated CPC interacts with nucleophosmin/nucleoplasmin proteins, which are known to oligomerize into pentamers and decamers. Autophosphorylation of the CPC causes it to dissociate from nucleophosmin/nucleoplasmin. We propose that nucleophosmin/nucleoplasmin complexes serve as chaperones that negatively regulate the CPC and/or stabilize its inactive form, preventing CPC autophosphorylation and recruitment to chromatin and microtubules in mitosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariah L Hanley
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114-5701.,Department of Chemistry, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138-2902
| | - Tae Yeon Yoo
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138-2902
| | - Matthew Sonnett
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114-5701
| | - Daniel J Needleman
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138-2902.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138-2902
| | - Timothy J Mitchison
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114-5701
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Russo A, Manna SL, Novellino E, Malfitano AM, Marasco D. Molecular signaling involving intrinsically disordered proteins in prostate cancer. Asian J Androl 2017; 18:673-81. [PMID: 27212129 PMCID: PMC5000787 DOI: 10.4103/1008-682x.181817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Investigations on cellular protein interaction networks (PINs) reveal that proteins that constitute hubs in a PIN are notably enriched in Intrinsically Disordered Proteins (IDPs) compared to proteins that constitute edges, highlighting the role of IDPs in signaling pathways. Most IDPs rapidly undergo disorder-to-order transitions upon binding to their biological targets to perform their function. Conformational dynamics enables IDPs to be versatile and to interact with a broad range of interactors under normal physiological conditions where their expression is tightly modulated. IDPs are involved in many cellular processes such as cellular signaling, transcriptional regulation, and splicing; thus, their high-specificity/low-affinity interactions play crucial roles in many human diseases including cancer. Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality in men worldwide. Therefore, identifying molecular mechanisms of the oncogenic signaling pathways that are involved in prostate carcinogenesis is crucial. In this review, we focus on the aspects of cellular pathways leading to PCa in which IDPs exert a primary role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Russo
- Department of Pharmacy, Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca sui Peptidi Bioattivi, University of Naples "Federico II", 80134 Naples, Italy
| | - Sara La Manna
- Department of Pharmacy, Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca sui Peptidi Bioattivi, University of Naples "Federico II", 80134 Naples, Italy
| | - Ettore Novellino
- Department of Pharmacy, Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca sui Peptidi Bioattivi, University of Naples "Federico II", 80134 Naples, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Malfitano
- Department of Pharmacy, Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca sui Peptidi Bioattivi, University of Naples "Federico II", 80134 Naples, Italy
| | - Daniela Marasco
- Department of Pharmacy, Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca sui Peptidi Bioattivi, University of Naples "Federico II", 80134 Naples, Italy
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34
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DeForte S, Uversky VN. Quarterly intrinsic disorder digest (April-May-June, 2014). INTRINSICALLY DISORDERED PROTEINS 2017; 5:e1287505. [PMID: 28321370 DOI: 10.1080/21690707.2017.1287505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
This is the 6th issue of the Digested Disorder series that continues to use only 2 criteria for inclusion of a paper to this digest: The publication date (a paper should be published within the covered time frame) and the topic (a paper should be dedicated to any aspect of protein intrinsic disorder). The current digest issue covers papers published during the second quarter of 2014; i.e., during the period of April, May, and June of 2014. Similar to previous issues, the papers are grouped hierarchically by topics they cover, and for each of the included papers a short description is given on its major findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelly DeForte
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA; Département De Biochimie and Centre Robert-Cedergren, Bio-Informatique et Génomique, Université de Montréal, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Vladimir N Uversky
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA; USF Health Byrd Alzheimer's Research Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA; Laboratory of New Methods in Biology, Institute of Biological Instrumentation, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia; Laboratory of Structural Dynamics, Stability and Folding of Proteins, Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
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Russo A, Diaferia C, La Manna S, Giannini C, Sibillano T, Accardo A, Morelli G, Novellino E, Marasco D. Insights into amyloid-like aggregation of H2 region of the C-terminal domain of nucleophosmin. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2017; 1865:176-185. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2016.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Revised: 10/29/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Rigo R, Palumbo M, Sissi C. G-quadruplexes in human promoters: A challenge for therapeutic applications. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2016; 1861:1399-1413. [PMID: 28025083 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2016.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Revised: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND G-rich sequences undergo unique structural equilibria to form G-quadruplexes (G4) both in vitro and in cell systems. Several pathologies emerged to be directly related to G4 occurrence at defined genomic portions. Additionally, G-rich sequences are significantly represented around transcription start sites (TSS) thus leading to the hypothesis of a gene regulatory function for G4. Thus, the tuning of G4 formation has been proposed as a new powerful tool to regulate gene expression to treat related pathologies. However, up-to date this approach did not provide any new really efficient treatment. SCOPE OF REVIEW Here, we summarize the most recent advances on the correlation between the structural features of G4 in human promoters and the role these systems physiologically exert. In particular we focus on the effect of G4 localization among cell compartments and along the promoters in correlation with protein interaction networks and epigenetic state. Finally the intrinsic structural features of G4 at promoters are discussed to unveil the contribution of different G4 structural modules in this complex architecture. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS It emerges that G4s play several roles in the intriguing and complex mechanism of gene expression, being able to produce opposite effects on the same target. This reflects the occurrence of a highly variegate network of several components working simultaneously. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE The resulting picture is still fuzzy but some points of strength are definitely emerging, which prompts all of us to strengthen our efforts in view of a selective control of gene expression through G4 modulation. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled "G-quadruplex" Guest Editor: Dr. Concetta Giancola and Dr. Daniela Montesarchio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Rigo
- Dept. of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, v. Marzolo, 5, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Manlio Palumbo
- Dept. of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, v. Marzolo, 5, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Claudia Sissi
- Dept. of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, v. Marzolo, 5, 35131 Padova, Italy.
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37
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Scognamiglio PL, Di Natale C, Leone M, Cascella R, Cecchi C, Lirussi L, Antoniali G, Riccardi D, Morelli G, Tell G, Chiti F, Marasco D. Destabilisation, aggregation, toxicity and cytosolic mislocalisation of nucleophosmin regions associated with acute myeloid leukemia. Oncotarget 2016; 7:59129-59143. [PMID: 27494862 PMCID: PMC5312300 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 07/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Nucleophosmin (NPM1) is a multifunctional protein that is implicated in the pathogenesis of several human malignancies. To gain insight into the role of isolated fragments of NPM1 in its biological activities, we dissected the C-terminal domain (CTD) into its helical fragments. Here we focus the attention on the third helix of the NPM1-CTD in its wild-type (H3 wt) and AML-mutated (H3 mutA and H3 mutE) sequences. Conformational studies, by means of CD and NMR spectroscopies, showed that the H3 wt peptide was partially endowed with an α-helical structure, but the AML-sequences exhibited a lower content of this conformation, particularly the H3 mutA peptide. Thioflavin T assays showed that the H3 mutE and the H3 mutA peptides displayed a significant aggregation propensity that was confirmed by CD and DLS assays. In addition, we found that the H3 mutE and H3 mutA peptides, unlike the H3 wt, were moderately and highly toxic, respectively, when exposed to human neuroblastoma cells. Cellular localization experiments confirmed that the mutated sequences hamper their nucleolar accumulation, and more importantly, that the helical conformation of the H3 region is crucial for such a localization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pasqualina Liana Scognamiglio
- Department of Pharmacy, CIRPEB: Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca sui Peptidi Bioattivi-University of Naples “Federico II”, DFM-Scarl, 80134, Naples, Italy
- Permanent address: Center for Advanced Biomaterials for Health Care@CRIB Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 80125, Napoli, Italy
| | - Concetta Di Natale
- Department of Pharmacy, CIRPEB: Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca sui Peptidi Bioattivi-University of Naples “Federico II”, DFM-Scarl, 80134, Naples, Italy
| | - Marilisa Leone
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging - CNR, 80134, Naples, Italy
| | - Roberta Cascella
- Section of Biochemistry, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - Cristina Cecchi
- Section of Biochemistry, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - Lisa Lirussi
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and DNA repair, Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, University of Udine, 33100, Udine, Italy
- Permanent address: Department of Clinical Molecular Biology, University of Oslo and Akershus University Hospital, Nordbyhagen, 1474, Norway
| | - Giulia Antoniali
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and DNA repair, Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, University of Udine, 33100, Udine, Italy
| | - Domenico Riccardi
- Department of Pharmacy, CIRPEB: Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca sui Peptidi Bioattivi-University of Naples “Federico II”, DFM-Scarl, 80134, Naples, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Morelli
- Department of Pharmacy, CIRPEB: Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca sui Peptidi Bioattivi-University of Naples “Federico II”, DFM-Scarl, 80134, Naples, Italy
| | - Gianluca Tell
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and DNA repair, Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, University of Udine, 33100, Udine, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Chiti
- Section of Biochemistry, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - Daniela Marasco
- Department of Pharmacy, CIRPEB: Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca sui Peptidi Bioattivi-University of Naples “Federico II”, DFM-Scarl, 80134, Naples, Italy
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Cree SL, Fredericks R, Miller A, Pearce FG, Filichev V, Fee C, Kennedy MA. DNA G-quadruplexes show strong interaction with DNA methyltransferases in vitro. FEBS Lett 2016; 590:2870-83. [PMID: 27468168 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.12331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Revised: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The DNA methyltransferase enzymes (DNMTs) catalyzing cytosine methylation do so at specific locations of the genome, although with some level of redundancy. The de novo methyltransferases DNMT3A and 3B play a vital role in methylating the genome of the developing embryo in regions devoid of methylation marks. The ability of DNMTs to colocalize at sites of DNA damage is suggestive that recognition of mispaired bases and unusual structures is inherent to the function of these proteins. We provide evidence for G-quadruplex formation within imprinted gene promoters, and report high-affinity binding of recombinant human DNMTs to such DNA G-quadruplexes in vitro. These observations suggest a potential interaction of G-quadruplexes with the DNA methylation machinery, which may be of epigenetic and biological significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone L Cree
- Department of Pathology, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Rayleen Fredericks
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
- Biomolecular Interaction Centre, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Allison Miller
- Department of Pathology, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - F Grant Pearce
- Biomolecular Interaction Centre, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Vyacheslav Filichev
- Institute of Fundamental Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Conan Fee
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
- Biomolecular Interaction Centre, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Martin A Kennedy
- Department of Pathology, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
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Roviello GN, Musumeci D. Synthetic approaches to nucleopeptides containing all four nucleobases, and nucleic acid-binding studies on a mixed-sequence nucleo-oligolysine. RSC Adv 2016; 6:63578-63585. [PMID: 28496969 PMCID: PMC5361140 DOI: 10.1039/c6ra08765e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In this article we describe two solid-phase synthetic routes to obtain a nucleo-oligolysine α-peptide containing all four natural nucleobases.
In this article we describe two solid-phase synthetic routes to obtain a nucleo-oligolysine α-peptide containing all four natural nucleobases. The first one is based on the oligomerization of the nucleobase-containing monomers, easily synthesized as herein described. The second strategy has the advantage of avoiding the solution synthesis of the monomeric building blocks, leading to the final nucleopeptide by direct solid-phase couplings of the suitably protected nucleobases with the free amino groups on the growing peptide chain still anchored to the resin. Both strategies are general and can be applied to the synthesis of nucleopeptides having backbones formed by any other diamino acid moiety decorated with the four nucleobases. We also report the CD and UV studies on the hybridization properties of the obtained nucleopeptide, containing all four nucleobases on alternate lysines in the sequence, towards complementary DNA and RNA strands. The nucleo-oligolysine with a mixed-base sequence did not prove to bind complementary DNA, but was able to recognize the complementary RNA forming a complex with a higher melting temperature than that of the corresponding RNA/RNA natural duplex and comparable with that of the analogous PNA/RNA system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni N Roviello
- CNR , Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini , Via Mezzocannone 16 , 80134 Napoli , Italy . ; ; Tel: +39-81-2534585
| | - Domenica Musumeci
- CNR , Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini , Via Mezzocannone 16 , 80134 Napoli , Italy . ; ; Tel: +39-81-2534585.,Università di Napoli "Federico II" , Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche , 80126 Napoli , Italy . ; Tel: +39-81-674143
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Roviello GN, Roviello V, Autiero I, Saviano M. Solid phase synthesis of TyrT, a thymine-tyrosine conjugate with poly(A) RNA-binding ability. RSC Adv 2016; 6:27607-27613. [PMID: 29057072 PMCID: PMC5647564 DOI: 10.1039/c6ra00294c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
TyrT nucleoamino amide interacts with poly(A) RNA.
The present work deals with the synthesis and characterization of a novel nucleoamino acid derivative based on a l-tyrosine moiety to which a thymine nucleobase was anchored by means of an amide bond to the N-alpha group. This derivative, denominated by us TyrT, belongs to the family of the nucleobase–amino acid conjugates that show a wide range of biological activities, frequently associated with their ability to interact with nucleic acids. In this respect, the interaction of TyrT with poly(A), a proposed RNA target for anticancer strategies, was studied by circular dichroism (CD) which suggested its ability to bind this RNA. Moreover, the modification of the morphology of a sample of TyrT in the presence of poly(A) was visualised by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) which was in agreement with the evidence that the thyminyl l-tyrosine interacts with poly(A). Finally, computational analyses have been performed to hypothesize the binding mode from a structural point of view, suggesting that the binding is mainly kept via hydrophobic contacts, reproducing a stacking-like interaction between the thymine ring of TyrT and the two successive adenine rings of a poly(A) model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni N Roviello
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini - CNR (UOS Napoli Centro) , 80134 Napoli , Italy . ; ; Tel: +39-81-2534585
| | - Valentina Roviello
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Chimica , dei Materiali e della Produzione Industriale (DICMaPI) , Università di Napoli "Federico II" , 80125 Napoli , Italy
| | - Ida Autiero
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini - CNR (UOS Napoli Centro) , 80134 Napoli , Italy . ; ; Tel: +39-81-2534585
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Roviello GN, Vicidomini C, Di Gaetano S, Capasso D, Musumeci D, Roviello V. Solid phase synthesis and RNA-binding activity of an arginine-containing nucleopeptide. RSC Adv 2016; 6:14140-14148. [PMID: 29057071 PMCID: PMC5635565 DOI: 10.1039/c5ra25809j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Accepted: 01/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Here we report the solid phase synthesis and characterization (LC-ESIMS, CD) of a cationic nucleobase-containing α-peptide, composed of both l-arginine residues and l-lysine-based nucleoamino acids sequentially present in the structure. The binding properties of this novel basic nucleopeptide towards nucleic acids were investigated by CD spectroscopy which revealed the ability of the thymine-containing oligomer to bind both adenine-containing DNA (dA12) and RNA (poly rA) molecules inducing high conformational variations in the nucleic acid structures. Moreover, the artificial oligonucleotide inhibited the enzymatic activity of HIV reverse transcriptase, opening the door to the exploitation of novel antiviral strategies inspired to this molecular tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- G N Roviello
- CNR , Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini - (Mezzacannone site and Headquarters) , 80134 Napoli , Italy . ; ; Tel: +39-081-2534585
| | - C Vicidomini
- CNR , Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini - (Mezzacannone site and Headquarters) , 80134 Napoli , Italy . ; ; Tel: +39-081-2534585
| | - S Di Gaetano
- CNR , Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini - (Mezzacannone site and Headquarters) , 80134 Napoli , Italy . ; ; Tel: +39-081-2534585
| | - D Capasso
- Università di Napoli "Federico II" , Dipartimento di Farmacia , 80134 Napoli , Italy
| | - D Musumeci
- CNR , Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini - (Mezzacannone site and Headquarters) , 80134 Napoli , Italy . ; ; Tel: +39-081-2534585
- Università di Napoli "Federico II" , Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche , 80126 Napoli , Italy
| | - V Roviello
- Università di Napoli "Federico II" , Dipartimento di Ingegneria Chimica , dei Materiali e della Produzione Industriale (DICMaPI) , 80125 Napoli , Italy
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Russo A, Scognamiglio PL, Hong Enriquez RP, Santambrogio C, Grandori R, Marasco D, Giordano A, Scoles G, Fortuna S. In Silico Generation of Peptides by Replica Exchange Monte Carlo: Docking-Based Optimization of Maltose-Binding-Protein Ligands. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0133571. [PMID: 26252476 PMCID: PMC4529233 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0133571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2015] [Accepted: 06/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Short peptides can be designed in silico and synthesized through automated techniques, making them advantageous and versatile protein binders. A number of docking-based algorithms allow for a computational screening of peptides as binders. Here we developed ex-novo peptides targeting the maltose site of the Maltose Binding Protein, the prototypical system for the study of protein ligand recognition. We used a Monte Carlo based protocol, to computationally evolve a set of octapeptides starting from a polialanine sequence. We screened in silico the candidate peptides and characterized their binding abilities by surface plasmon resonance, fluorescence and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry assays. These experiments showed the designed binders to recognize their target with micromolar affinity. We finally discuss the obtained results in the light of further improvement in the ex-novo optimization of peptide based binders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Russo
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, University of Udine, Piazzale Kolbe, Udine, Italy
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, University of Siena, Policlinico Le Scotte, Viale Bracci, Siena, Italy
| | - Pasqualina Liana Scognamiglio
- Department of Pharmacy, CIRPEB: Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca sui Peptidi Bioattivi- University of Naples “Federico II”, DFM-Scarl, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Carlo Santambrogio
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza, Milan, Italy
| | - Rita Grandori
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniela Marasco
- Department of Pharmacy, CIRPEB: Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca sui Peptidi Bioattivi- University of Naples “Federico II”, DFM-Scarl, Naples, Italy
- * E-mail: (SF); (DM)
| | - Antonio Giordano
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine & Center for Biotechnology Temple University Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Surgery & Neuroscience University of Siena, Strada delle Scotte n. 6, Siena, Italy
| | - Giacinto Scoles
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, University of Udine, Piazzale Kolbe, Udine, Italy
- Department of Biology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Sara Fortuna
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, University of Udine, Piazzale Kolbe, Udine, Italy
- * E-mail: (SF); (DM)
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Roviello GN, Musumeci D, Roviello V, Pirtskhalava M, Egoyan A, Mirtskhulava M. Natural and artificial binders of polyriboadenylic acid and their effect on RNA structure. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2015; 6:1338-1347. [PMID: 26199837 PMCID: PMC4505092 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.6.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Accepted: 05/22/2015] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The employment of molecular tools with nucleic acid binding ability to specifically control crucial cellular functions represents an important scientific area at the border between biochemistry and pharmaceutical chemistry. In this review we describe several molecular systems of natural or artificial origin, which are able to bind polyriboadenylic acid (poly(rA)) both in its single-stranded or structured forms. Due to the fundamental role played by the poly(rA) tail in the maturation and stability of mRNA, as well as in the initiation of the translation process, compounds able to bind this RNA tract, influencing the mRNA fate, are of special interest for developing innovative biomedical strategies mainly in the field of anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni N Roviello
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini - CNR, via Mezzocannone 16, 80134 Napoli, Italy
| | - Domenica Musumeci
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini - CNR, via Mezzocannone 16, 80134 Napoli, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli “Federico II”, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Valentina Roviello
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Chimica, dei Materiali e della Produzione Industriale (DICMaPI), Università di Napoli “Federico II”, 80125 Napoli, Italy
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Di Natale C, Scognamiglio PL, Cascella R, Cecchi C, Russo A, Leone M, Penco A, Relini A, Federici L, Di Matteo A, Chiti F, Vitagliano L, Marasco D. Nucleophosmin contains amyloidogenic regions that are able to form toxic aggregates under physiological conditions. FASEB J 2015; 29:3689-701. [PMID: 25977257 DOI: 10.1096/fj.14-269522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2014] [Accepted: 05/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Nucleophosmin (NPM)-1 is a multifunctional protein involved in a variety of biologic processes and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of several human malignancies. To gain insight into the role of isolated fragments in NPM1 activities, we dissected the C-terminal domain (CTD) into its helical fragments. In this study, we observed the unexpected structural behavior of the peptide fragment corresponding to helix (H)2 (residues 264-277). This peptide has a strong tendency to form amyloidlike assemblies endowed with fibrillar morphology and β-sheet structure, under physiologic conditions, as shown by circular dichroism, thioflavin T, and Congo red binding assays; dynamic light scattering; and atomic force microscopy. The aggregates are also toxic to neuroblastoma cells, as determined using 3-(4;5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide reduction and Ca(2+) influx assays. We also found that the extension of the H2 sequence beyond its N terminus, comprising the connecting loop with H1, delayed aggregation and its associated cytotoxicity, suggesting that contiguous regions of H2 have a protective role in preventing aggregation. Our findings and those in the literature suggest that the helical structures present in the CTD are important in preventing harmful aggregation. These findings could elucidate the pathogenesis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) caused by NPM1 mutants. Because the CTD is not properly folded in these mutants, we hypothesize that the aggregation propensity of this NPM1 region is involved in the pathogenesis of AML. Preliminary assays on NPM1-Cter-MutA, the most frequent AML-CTD mutation, revealed its significant propensity for aggregation. Thus, the aggregation phenomena should be seriously considered in studies aimed at unveiling the molecular mechanisms of this pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Concetta Di Natale
- *Department of Pharmacy, Diagnostica e Farmaceutica Molecolari-Società Cooperativa a Responsabilità Limitata, Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca sui Peptidi Bioattivi, University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy; Section of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Experimental and Clinical Sciences "Mario Serio," University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Naples, Italy; Department of Physics, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; Department of Medical, Oral, and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti "G. d'Annunzio," Chieti, Italy; and Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Rome, Italy
| | - Pasqualina Liana Scognamiglio
- *Department of Pharmacy, Diagnostica e Farmaceutica Molecolari-Società Cooperativa a Responsabilità Limitata, Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca sui Peptidi Bioattivi, University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy; Section of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Experimental and Clinical Sciences "Mario Serio," University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Naples, Italy; Department of Physics, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; Department of Medical, Oral, and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti "G. d'Annunzio," Chieti, Italy; and Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberta Cascella
- *Department of Pharmacy, Diagnostica e Farmaceutica Molecolari-Società Cooperativa a Responsabilità Limitata, Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca sui Peptidi Bioattivi, University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy; Section of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Experimental and Clinical Sciences "Mario Serio," University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Naples, Italy; Department of Physics, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; Department of Medical, Oral, and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti "G. d'Annunzio," Chieti, Italy; and Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Rome, Italy
| | - Cristina Cecchi
- *Department of Pharmacy, Diagnostica e Farmaceutica Molecolari-Società Cooperativa a Responsabilità Limitata, Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca sui Peptidi Bioattivi, University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy; Section of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Experimental and Clinical Sciences "Mario Serio," University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Naples, Italy; Department of Physics, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; Department of Medical, Oral, and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti "G. d'Annunzio," Chieti, Italy; and Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Russo
- *Department of Pharmacy, Diagnostica e Farmaceutica Molecolari-Società Cooperativa a Responsabilità Limitata, Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca sui Peptidi Bioattivi, University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy; Section of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Experimental and Clinical Sciences "Mario Serio," University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Naples, Italy; Department of Physics, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; Department of Medical, Oral, and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti "G. d'Annunzio," Chieti, Italy; and Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Rome, Italy
| | - Marilisa Leone
- *Department of Pharmacy, Diagnostica e Farmaceutica Molecolari-Società Cooperativa a Responsabilità Limitata, Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca sui Peptidi Bioattivi, University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy; Section of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Experimental and Clinical Sciences "Mario Serio," University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Naples, Italy; Department of Physics, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; Department of Medical, Oral, and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti "G. d'Annunzio," Chieti, Italy; and Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Rome, Italy
| | - Amanda Penco
- *Department of Pharmacy, Diagnostica e Farmaceutica Molecolari-Società Cooperativa a Responsabilità Limitata, Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca sui Peptidi Bioattivi, University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy; Section of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Experimental and Clinical Sciences "Mario Serio," University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Naples, Italy; Department of Physics, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; Department of Medical, Oral, and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti "G. d'Annunzio," Chieti, Italy; and Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Rome, Italy
| | - Annalisa Relini
- *Department of Pharmacy, Diagnostica e Farmaceutica Molecolari-Società Cooperativa a Responsabilità Limitata, Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca sui Peptidi Bioattivi, University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy; Section of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Experimental and Clinical Sciences "Mario Serio," University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Naples, Italy; Department of Physics, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; Department of Medical, Oral, and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti "G. d'Annunzio," Chieti, Italy; and Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Federici
- *Department of Pharmacy, Diagnostica e Farmaceutica Molecolari-Società Cooperativa a Responsabilità Limitata, Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca sui Peptidi Bioattivi, University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy; Section of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Experimental and Clinical Sciences "Mario Serio," University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Naples, Italy; Department of Physics, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; Department of Medical, Oral, and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti "G. d'Annunzio," Chieti, Italy; and Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Rome, Italy
| | - Adele Di Matteo
- *Department of Pharmacy, Diagnostica e Farmaceutica Molecolari-Società Cooperativa a Responsabilità Limitata, Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca sui Peptidi Bioattivi, University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy; Section of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Experimental and Clinical Sciences "Mario Serio," University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Naples, Italy; Department of Physics, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; Department of Medical, Oral, and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti "G. d'Annunzio," Chieti, Italy; and Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Chiti
- *Department of Pharmacy, Diagnostica e Farmaceutica Molecolari-Società Cooperativa a Responsabilità Limitata, Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca sui Peptidi Bioattivi, University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy; Section of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Experimental and Clinical Sciences "Mario Serio," University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Naples, Italy; Department of Physics, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; Department of Medical, Oral, and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti "G. d'Annunzio," Chieti, Italy; and Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Rome, Italy
| | - Luigi Vitagliano
- *Department of Pharmacy, Diagnostica e Farmaceutica Molecolari-Società Cooperativa a Responsabilità Limitata, Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca sui Peptidi Bioattivi, University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy; Section of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Experimental and Clinical Sciences "Mario Serio," University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Naples, Italy; Department of Physics, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; Department of Medical, Oral, and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti "G. d'Annunzio," Chieti, Italy; and Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Marasco
- *Department of Pharmacy, Diagnostica e Farmaceutica Molecolari-Società Cooperativa a Responsabilità Limitata, Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca sui Peptidi Bioattivi, University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy; Section of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Experimental and Clinical Sciences "Mario Serio," University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Naples, Italy; Department of Physics, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; Department of Medical, Oral, and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti "G. d'Annunzio," Chieti, Italy; and Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Rome, Italy
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Marasco D, Scognamiglio PL. Identification of inhibitors of biological interactions involving intrinsically disordered proteins. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:7394-412. [PMID: 25849651 PMCID: PMC4425024 DOI: 10.3390/ijms16047394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2015] [Revised: 03/01/2015] [Accepted: 03/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein-protein interactions involving disordered partners have unique features and represent prominent targets in drug discovery processes. Intrinsically Disordered Proteins (IDPs) are involved in cellular regulation, signaling and control: they bind to multiple partners and these high-specificity/low-affinity interactions play crucial roles in many human diseases. Disordered regions, terminal tails and flexible linkers are particularly abundant in DNA-binding proteins and play crucial roles in the affinity and specificity of DNA recognizing processes. Protein complexes involving IDPs are short-lived and typically involve short amino acid stretches bearing few "hot spots", thus the identification of molecules able to modulate them can produce important lead compounds: in this scenario peptides and/or peptidomimetics, deriving from structure-based, combinatorial or protein dissection approaches, can play a key role as hit compounds. Here, we propose a panoramic review of the structural features of IDPs and how they regulate molecular recognition mechanisms focusing attention on recently reported drug-design strategies in the field of IDPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Marasco
- Department of Pharmacy, Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca sui Peptidi Bioattivi (CIRPEB), University of Naples "Federico II", DFM-Scarl, 80134 Naples, Italy.
| | - Pasqualina Liana Scognamiglio
- Department of Pharmacy, Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca sui Peptidi Bioattivi (CIRPEB), University of Naples "Federico II", DFM-Scarl, 80134 Naples, Italy.
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Roviello GN, Musumeci D, Roviello V. Cationic peptides as RNA compaction agents: a study on the polyA compaction activity of a linear alpha,epsilon-oligo-L-lysine. Int J Pharm 2015; 485:244-8. [PMID: 25772417 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2015.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2015] [Revised: 03/05/2015] [Accepted: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we investigate the compaction activity of a sequential alpha,epsilon-peptide composed of l-lysines towards two RNA targets, in view of its possible pharmaceutical application in RNA-targeting and RNA delivery. The basic oligolysine, object of the present study, proved not only to be efficient in compacting the single-stranded polyA RNA, but also to strongly interact with the polyA·polyU complex, as evidenced by CD-binding and UV-melting experiments. In particular, the marked differences in the CD spectra of the RNA targets upon addition of the peptide, as well as the different UV melting behaviour for the polyA·polyU complex in the presence and absence of the peptide, sustain the hypothesis of a strong RNA compaction capacity of the alpha,epsilon-oligolysine. Finally, by using HPLC analysis, we found a good resistance of the peptide against the lytic action of human serum, an important requirement in view of in vitro/in vivo biological assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni N Roviello
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini - CNR, via Mezzocannone 16, 80134 Napoli, Italy.
| | - Domenica Musumeci
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini - CNR, via Mezzocannone 16, 80134 Napoli, Italy; Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli "Federico II", 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Valentina Roviello
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Chimica, dei Materiali e della Produzione Industriale(DICMaPI), Università di Napoli "Federico II", 80125 Napoli, Italy
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DNA and RNA quadruplex-binding proteins. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:17493-517. [PMID: 25268620 PMCID: PMC4227175 DOI: 10.3390/ijms151017493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 191] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2014] [Revised: 09/15/2014] [Accepted: 09/22/2014] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Four-stranded DNA structures were structurally characterized in vitro by NMR, X-ray and Circular Dichroism spectroscopy in detail. Among the different types of quadruplexes (i-Motifs, minor groove quadruplexes, G-quadruplexes, etc.), the best described are G-quadruplexes which are featured by Hoogsteen base-paring. Sequences with the potential to form quadruplexes are widely present in genome of all organisms. They are found often in repetitive sequences such as telomeric ones, and also in promoter regions and 5' non-coding sequences. Recently, many proteins with binding affinity to G-quadruplexes have been identified. One of the initially portrayed G-rich regions, the human telomeric sequence (TTAGGG)n, is recognized by many proteins which can modulate telomerase activity. Sequences with the potential to form G-quadruplexes are often located in promoter regions of various oncogenes. The NHE III1 region of the c-MYC promoter has been shown to interact with nucleolin protein as well as other G-quadruplex-binding proteins. A number of G-rich sequences are also present in promoter region of estrogen receptor alpha. In addition to DNA quadruplexes, RNA quadruplexes, which are critical in translational regulation, have also been predicted and observed. For example, the RNA quadruplex formation in telomere-repeat-containing RNA is involved in interaction with TRF2 (telomere repeat binding factor 2) and plays key role in telomere regulation. All these fundamental examples suggest the importance of quadruplex structures in cell processes and their understanding may provide better insight into aging and disease development.
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Arcovito A, Chiarella S, Della Longa S, Di Matteo A, Lo Sterzo C, Scaglione GL, Federici L. Synergic role of nucleophosmin three-helix bundle and a flanking unstructured tail in the interaction with G-quadruplex DNA. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:21230-41. [PMID: 24952945 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.565010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Nucleophosmin (NPM1) is a nucleocytoplasmic shuttling protein, mainly localized at nucleoli, that plays a number of functions in ribosome biogenesis and export, cell cycle control, and response to stress stimuli. NPM1 is the most frequently mutated gene in acute myeloid leukemia; mutations map to the C-terminal domain of the protein and cause its denaturation and aberrant cytoplasmic translocation. NPM1 C-terminal domain binds G-quadruplex regions at ribosomal DNA and at gene promoters, including the well characterized sequence from the nuclease-hypersensitive element III region of the c-MYC promoter. These activities are lost by the leukemic variant. Here we analyze the NPM1/G-quadruplex interaction, focusing on residues belonging to both the NPM1 terminal three-helix bundle and a lysine-rich unstructured tail, which has been shown to be necessary for high affinity recognition. We performed extended site-directed mutagenesis and measured binding rate constants through surface plasmon resonance analysis. These data, supported by molecular dynamics simulations, suggest that the unstructured tail plays a double role in the reaction mechanism. On the one hand, it facilitates the formation of an encounter complex through long range electrostatic interactions; on the other hand, it directly contacts the G-quadruplex scaffold through multiple and transient electrostatic interactions, significantly enlarging the contact surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Arcovito
- From the Istituto di Biochimica e Biochimica Clinica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Chiarella
- Ce.S.I. Centro Scienze dell'Invecchiamento, "Fondazione Università D'Annunzio," 66013 Chieti, Italy, Dipartimento di Scienze Biochimiche, Sapienza Università di Roma, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Della Longa
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica, Sanità Pubblica, Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università dell'Aquila, 67100 Coppito (L'Aquila), Italy
| | - Adele Di Matteo
- Istituto di Biologia, Medicina Molecolare e NanoBiotecnologie, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 00185 Rome, Italy, and
| | - Carlo Lo Sterzo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biochimiche, Sapienza Università di Roma, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Luca Scaglione
- From the Istituto di Biochimica e Biochimica Clinica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Federici
- Ce.S.I. Centro Scienze dell'Invecchiamento, "Fondazione Università D'Annunzio," 66013 Chieti, Italy, Dipartimento di Scienze Sperimentali e Cliniche, Università di Chieti "G. D'Annunzio," 66013 Chieti, Italy
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