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Minko IG, Moellmer SA, Luzadder MM, Tomar R, Stone MP, McCullough AK, Lloyd RS. Interaction of mitoxantrone with abasic sites - DNA strand cleavage and inhibition of apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1, APE1. DNA Repair (Amst) 2024; 133:103606. [PMID: 38039951 PMCID: PMC11257150 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2023.103606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Mitoxantrone (1,4-dihydroxy-5,8-bis[2-(2-hydroxyethylamino)ethylamino]-anthracene-9,10-dione) is a clinically-relevant synthetic anthracenedione that functions as a topoisomerase II poison by trapping DNA double-strand break intermediates. Mitoxantrone binds to DNA via both stacking interactions with DNA bases and hydrogen bonding with the sugar-phosphate backbone. It has been shown that mitoxantrone inhibits apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) endonuclease 1 (APE1)-catalyzed incision of DNA containing a tetrahydrofuran (THF) moiety and more recently, that mitoxantrone forms Schiff base conjugates at AP sites in DNA. In this study, mitoxantrone-mediated inhibition of APE1 at THF sites was shown to be consistent with preferential binding to, and thermal stabilization of DNA containing a THF site as compared to non-damaged DNA. Investigations into the properties of mitoxantrone at AP and 3' α,β-unsaturated aldehyde sites demonstrated that in addition to being a potent inhibitor of APE1 at these biologically-relevant substrates (∼ 0.5 μM IC50 on AP site-containing DNA), mitoxantrone also incised AP site-containing DNA by catalyzing β- and β/δ-elimination reactions. The efficiency of these reactions to generate the 3' α,β-unsaturated aldehyde and 3' phosphate products was modulated by DNA structure. Although these cell-free reactions revealed that mitoxantrone can generate 3' phosphates, cells lacking polynucleotide kinase phosphatase did not show increased sensitivity to mitoxantrone treatment. Consistent with its ability to inhibit APE1 activity on DNAs containing either an AP site or a 3' α,β-unsaturated aldehyde, combined exposures to clinically-relevant concentrations of mitoxantrone and a small molecule APE1 inhibitor revealed additive cytotoxicity. These data suggest that in a cellular context, mitoxantrone may interfere with APE1 DNA repair functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina G Minko
- Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Samantha A Moellmer
- Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Michael M Luzadder
- Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Rachana Tomar
- Department of Chemistry and the Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, Station B Box 351822, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Michael P Stone
- Department of Chemistry and the Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, Station B Box 351822, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Amanda K McCullough
- Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - R Stephen Lloyd
- Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA.
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Andrade UMS, Castro ASB, Oliveira PHF, da Silva LHM, Rocha MS. Imidazolium-based ionic liquids binding to DNA: Mechanical effects and thermodynamics of the interactions. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 214:500-511. [PMID: 35714872 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.06.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We performed a robust characterization of the molecular interactions between the DNA molecule and two imidazolium-based ionic liquids (ILs): 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([bmim]Cl) and 1-Octyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([omim]Cl), using single molecule approaches (optical and magnetic tweezers) and bulk techniques (isothermal titration calorimetry and conductivity measurements). Optical and magnetic tweezers allowed us to obtain the changes on the mechanical properties of the DNA complexes formed with both ILs, as well as the relevant physicochemical (binding) parameters of the interaction. Despite the weak binding measured between DNA and the two ILs, we identify a transition on the regime of polymer elasticity of the complexes formed, which results in a relevant DNA compaction for high IL concentrations. In addition, isothermal titration calorimetry and conductivity complemented the single molecule investigation, giving a complete thermodynamic characterization of the interactions and allowing the identification of the most relevant driving forces at various different concentration ranges of the ILs. Based on the results obtained with all the employed techniques, we propose a model for the binding schemes involving DNA and both [bmim]Cl and [omim]Cl.
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Affiliation(s)
- U M S Andrade
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Departamento de Formação Geral, Centro Federal de Educação Tecnológica de Minas Gerais, Curvelo, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - A S B Castro
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - P H F Oliveira
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - L H M da Silva
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - M S Rocha
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Silva EF, Andrade UMS, de Oliveira KM, Teixeira AVNC, Rocha MS. Dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide surfactant effects on DNA: Unraveling the competition between electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions. Phys Rev E 2020; 102:032401. [PMID: 33076016 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.102.032401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
We present a new study on the interaction of the DNA molecule with the surfactant dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide (DTAB), performed mainly with optical tweezers. Single-molecule force spectroscopy experiments performed in the low-force entropic regime allowed a robust characterization of the DNA-DTAB interaction, unveiling how the surfactant changes the mechanical properties of the biopolymer, the binding parameters, and the competition of the two mechanisms involved in the interaction: electrostatic attraction between the cationic surfactant heads and the negative phosphate backbone of the DNA and hydrophobic interactions between the tails of the bound DTAB molecules, which can result in DNA compaction in solution depending on the quantity of bound surfactant. Finally, force clamp experiments with magnetic tweezers and gel electrophoresis assays confirm that DTAB compacts DNA depending not only on the surfactant concentration but also on the conformation of the biopolymer in solution. The present study provides new insights on general aspects of the DNA-surfactant complexes formation, contributing to the fundamental knowledge of the physics of such interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- E F Silva
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil and Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, 36036-900, Brazil
| | - U M S Andrade
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil and Departamento de Formação Geral, Centro Federal de Educação Tecnológica de Minas Gerais, Curvelo, Minas Gerais, 35790-000, Brasil
| | - K M de Oliveira
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - A V N C Teixeira
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - M S Rocha
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil
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Lima CHM, Caquito JM, de Oliveira RM, Rocha MS. Pixantrone anticancer drug as a DNA ligand: Depicting the mechanism of action at single molecule level. THE EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL. E, SOFT MATTER 2019; 42:130. [PMID: 31583481 DOI: 10.1140/epje/i2019-11895-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this work we use single molecule force spectroscopy performed with optical tweezers in order to characterize the complexes formed between the anticancer drug Pixantrone (PIX) and the DNA molecule, at two very different ionic strengths. Firstly, the changes of the mechanical properties of the DNA-PIX complexes were studied as a function of the drug concentration in the sample. Then, a quenched-disorder statistical model of ligand binding was used in order to determine the physicochemical (binding) parameters of the DNA-PIX interaction. In particular, we have found that the PIX molecular mechanism of action involves intercalation into the double helix, followed by a significant compaction of the DNA molecule due to partial neutralization of the phosphate backbone. Finally, this scenario of interaction was quantitatively compared to that found for the related drug Mitoxantrone (MTX), which binds to DNA with a considerably higher equilibrium binding constant and promotes a much stronger DNA compaction. The comparison performed between the two drugs can bring clues to the development of new (and more efficient) related compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- C H M Lima
- Laboratório de Física Biológica, Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - J M Caquito
- Laboratório de Física Biológica, Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - R M de Oliveira
- Laboratório de Física Biológica, Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - M S Rocha
- Laboratório de Física Biológica, Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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Tao X, Tao T, Wen Y, Yi J, He L, Huang Z, Nie Y, Yao X, Wang Y, He C, Yang X. Novel Delivery of Mitoxantrone with Hydrophobically Modified Pullulan Nanoparticles to Inhibit Bladder Cancer Cell and the Effect of Nano-drug Size on Inhibition Efficiency. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2018; 13:345. [PMID: 30377872 PMCID: PMC6207605 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-018-2769-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Reducing the dosage of chemotherapeutic drugs via enhancing the delivery efficiency using novel nanoparticles has great potential for cancer treatment. Here, we focused on improving mitoxantrone delivery by using cholesterol-substituted pullulan polymers (CHPs) and selected a suitable nano-drug size to inhibit the growth of bladder cancer cells. We synthesized three kinds of CHPs, named CHP-1, CHP-2, CHP-3. Their chemical structures were identified by NMR, and the degree of cholesterol substitution was 6.82%, 5.78%, and 2.74%, respectively. Their diameters were 86.4, 162.30, and 222.28 nm. We tested the release rate of mitoxantrone in phosphate-buffered saline for 48 h: the release rate was 38.73%, 42.35%, and 58.89% for the three CHPs. The hydrophobic substitution degree in the polymer was associated with the self-assembly process of the nanoparticles, which affected their size and therefore drug release rate. The release of the three drug-loaded nanoparticles was significantly accelerated in acid release media. The larger the nanoparticle, the greater the drug release velocity. At 24 h, the IC50 value was 0.25 M, for the best inhibition of mitoxantrone on bladder cancer cells.3-(4,5-Dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) experiments demonstrated that drug-loaded CHP-3 nanoparticles with the largest size were the most toxic to bladder cancer cells. Immunofluorescence and flow cytometry revealed that drug-loaded CHP-3 nanoparticles with the largest size had the strongest effect on promoting apoptosis of bladder cancer cells. Also, the three drug-loaded nanoparticles could all inhibit the migration of MB49 cells, with large-size CHP-3 nanoparticles having the most powerful inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Tao
- Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province and Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410013 China
| | - Ting Tao
- Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province and Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410013 China
| | - Yi Wen
- Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province and Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410013 China
| | - Jiajin Yi
- Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province and Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410013 China
| | - Lihua He
- Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province and Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410013 China
| | - Zixuan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province and Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410013 China
| | - Yu Nie
- Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province and Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410013 China
| | - Xiaoyan Yao
- Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province and Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410013 China
| | - Yingying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province and Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410013 China
| | - Chunlian He
- Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province and Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410013 China
| | - Xiaoping Yang
- Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province and Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410013 China
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