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Santos NRM, de Oliveira WF, Cabrera MP, Bezerra Filho CM, Patriota LLS, Napoleão TH, Paiva PMG, Oliva MLV, Cabral Filho PE, Fontes A, Correia MTS. A fluorescent quantum dot conjugate to probe the interaction of Enterolobium contortisiliquum trypsin inhibitor with cancer cells. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 252:126453. [PMID: 37619683 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Serine proteases play crucial biological roles and have their activity controlled by inhibitors, such as the EcTI, a serine protease inhibitor purified from Enterolobium contortisiliquum seeds, which has anticancer activity. This study aimed to conjugate EcTI with quantum dots (QDs), fluorophores with outstanding optical properties, and investigate the interaction of QDs-EcTI nanoprobe with cancer cells. The conjugation was evaluated by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) and fluorescence microplate assay (FMA). EcTI inhibitory activity after interaction with QDs was also analyzed. From FCS, the conjugate presented a hydrodynamic diameter about 4× greater than bare QDs, suggesting a successful conjugation. This was supported by FMA, which showed a relative fluorescence intensity of ca. 3815% for the nanosystem, concerning bare QDs or EcTI alone. The EcTI inhibitory activity remained intact after its interaction with QDs. From flow cytometry analyses, approximately 62% of MDA-MB-231 and 90% of HeLa cells were labeled with the QD-EcTI conjugate, suggesting that their membranes have different protease levels to which EcTI exhibits an affinity. Concluding, the QD-EcTI represents a valuable nanotool to study the interaction of this inhibitor with cancer cells using fluorescence-based techniques with the potential to unravel the intricate dynamics of interplays between proteases and inhibitors in cancer biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natália R M Santos
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, 50670-901, Brazil; Departamento de Biofísica e Radiobiologia, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Weslley F de Oliveira
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, 50670-901, Brazil; Departamento de Biofísica e Radiobiologia, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Mariana P Cabrera
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, Centro de Ciências Exatas e da Natureza, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, 50740-560, Brazil
| | - Clovis M Bezerra Filho
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 04044-020, Brazil; Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Ambientais e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, 50050-900, Brazil
| | - Leydianne L S Patriota
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Thiago H Napoleão
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Patrícia M G Paiva
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Maria Luiza V Oliva
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 04044-020, Brazil
| | - Paulo E Cabral Filho
- Departamento de Biofísica e Radiobiologia, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Adriana Fontes
- Departamento de Biofísica e Radiobiologia, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, 50670-901, Brazil.
| | - Maria T S Correia
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, 50670-901, Brazil.
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Ganguly S, Margel S. Bioimaging Probes Based on Magneto-Fluorescent Nanoparticles. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15020686. [PMID: 36840008 PMCID: PMC9967590 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Novel nanomaterials are of interest in biology, medicine, and imaging applications. Multimodal fluorescent-magnetic nanoparticles demand special attention because they have the potential to be employed as diagnostic and medication-delivery tools, which, in turn, might make it easier to diagnose and treat cancer, as well as a wide variety of other disorders. The most recent advancements in the development of magneto-fluorescent nanocomposites and their applications in the biomedical field are the primary focus of this review. We describe the most current developments in synthetic methodologies and methods for the fabrication of magneto-fluorescent nanocomposites. The primary applications of multimodal magneto-fluorescent nanoparticles in biomedicine, including biological imaging, cancer treatment, and drug administration, are covered in this article, and an overview of the future possibilities for these technologies is provided.
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Yang J, Du H, Chai Z, Ling Z, Li BQ, Mei X. Targeted Nanoscale 3D Thermal Imaging of Tumor Cell Surface with Functionalized Quantum Dots. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2102807. [PMID: 34390313 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202102807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Measuring the changes in tumor cell surface temperature can provide insights into cellular metabolism and pathological features, which is significant for targeted chemotherapy and hyperthermic therapy. However, conventional micro-nano scale methods are invasive and can only measure the temperature of cells across a single plane, which excludes specific organelles. In this study, fluorescence quantum dots (QDs) are functionalized with the membrane transport protein transferrin (Tf) as a thermo-sensor specific for tumor cell membrane. The covalent conjugation is optimized to maintain the relative fluorescence intensity of the Tf-QDs to >90%. In addition, the Tf-QDs undergo changes in the fluorescence spectra as a function of temperature, underscoring its thermo-sensor function. Double helix point spread function imaging optical path is designed to locate the probe at nanoscale, and 3D thermal imaging technology is proposed to measure the local temperature distribution and direction of heat flux on the tumor cell surface. This novel targeted nanoscale 3D thermometry method can be a highly promising tool for measuring the local and global temperature distribution across intracellular organelles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Intelligent Robots, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Hanliang Du
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Intelligent Robots, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Zhenhao Chai
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Intelligent Robots, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Zheng Ling
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Intelligent Robots, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Ben Q Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering and Computer Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48128, USA
| | - Xuesong Mei
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Intelligent Robots, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
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Stimuli responsive and receptor targeted iron oxide based nanoplatforms for multimodal therapy and imaging of cancer: Conjugation chemistry and alternative therapeutic strategies. J Control Release 2021; 333:188-245. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Sigot V, Cabral Filho PE, Sampedro MF, Santos BS, Fontes A. Anionic Quantum Dots reveal actin-microridges in zebrafish epidermis. Methods Appl Fluoresc 2020; 8:035007. [PMID: 32380481 DOI: 10.1088/2050-6120/ab9124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Enhancement of hydrophilicity and functionalization of CdTe QDs (Quantum Dots) via surface modifications have made them suitable to be used as specific probes for cell imaging. Applications for targeting cell surfaces have been widely demonstrated in vitro but their use in animal models is not trivial. Here, we reported the interaction of mercaptosuccinic-coated (MSA) CdTe QDs with the epidermis of living and Carnoy-fixed zebrafish embryos. QDs concentrate along adherent junctions and reveal the characteristic pattern of actin microridges at the apical surface of the enveloping layer. In our study, labeling with anionic QDs is attained within few minutes at submicromolar concentrations in whole mounted Carnoy-fixed zebrafish embryos, providing a faster approach compared with immunodetection or standard Phalloidin staining of actin for visualization by fluorescence microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Sigot
- Laboratorio de Microscopía Aplicada a Estudios Moleculares y Celulares, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional de Entre Ríos (UNER), Oro Verde, Argentina. Instituto de Investigación y Desarrollo en Bioingeniería y Bioinformática (IBB-CONICET-UNER), Dependiente de CCT-Santa Fe, Argentina
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Marcelo GA, Lodeiro C, Capelo JL, Lorenzo J, Oliveira E. Magnetic, fluorescent and hybrid nanoparticles: From synthesis to application in biosystems. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 106:110104. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.110104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2019] [Revised: 08/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Pereira MIA, Monteiro CAP, de Oliveira WF, Santos BS, Fontes A, Cabral Filho PE. Resazurin-Based Assay to Evaluate Cell Viability After Quantum Dot Interaction. Methods Mol Biol 2020; 2135:213-221. [PMID: 32246337 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0463-2_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The increasing applications of quantum dots (QDs) as optic tools in life science have stimulated researchers to evaluate the effects of these nanoprobes in cell viability using a variety of methods, especially colorimetric ones. One of the most applied tests is the MTT assay. In comparison to MTT, for example, the resazurin-based method has the main advantage of not evaluating the cells directly, thus eliminating false-positive results that may arise from the overlap of the absorbances of the QD with the colorimetric compound. Therefore, herein, we describe the resazurin assay as an alternative, simple, quick, sensitivity, reproducible, and nontoxic test to evaluate the in vitro cell viability after QD exposure. Moreover, this test presents an additional advantage; the cells remain viable for complementary experimental procedures, such as cell migration or adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Isabela A Pereira
- Biomedical Nanotechnology Group, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | | | | | - Beate S Santos
- Biomedical Nanotechnology Group, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Adriana Fontes
- Biomedical Nanotechnology Group, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Paulo E Cabral Filho
- Biomedical Nanotechnology Group, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
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Conti L, Bencini A, Ferrante C, Gellini C, Paoli P, Parri M, Pietraperzia G, Valtancoli B, Giorgi C. Highly Charged Ruthenium(II) Polypyridyl Complexes as Effective Photosensitizer in Photodynamic Therapy. Chemistry 2019; 25:10606-10615. [PMID: 31107567 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201901570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
A comparative study between two novel, highly water soluble, ruthenium(II) polypyridyl complexes, [Ru(phen)2 L'] and [Ru(phen)2 Cu(II)L'] (L and L-CuII ), containing the polyaazamacrocyclic unit 4,4'-(2,5,8,11,14-pentaaza[15])-2,2'-bipyridilophane (L'), is herein reported. L and L-CuII interact with calf-thymus DNA and efficiently cleave DNA plasmid when light-activated. They also possess great penetration abilities and photo-induced biological activities, evaluated on an A375 human melanoma cell line, with L-CuII being the most effective. Our study highlights the key role of the Fenton active CuII center within the macrocycle framework, that would play a synergistic role with light activation in the formation of cytotoxic ROS species. Based on these results, an optimal design of RuII polypyridyl systems featuring specific CuII -chelating polyamine units could represent a suitable strategy for the development of novel and effective photosensitizers in photodynamic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Conti
- Department of Chemistry 'Ugo Schiff', University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
| | - Andrea Bencini
- Department of Chemistry 'Ugo Schiff', University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
| | - Camilla Ferrante
- Department of Chemical Sciences and UR INSTM, University of Padova, via Marzolo 1, 35131, Padova (PD), Italy
| | - Cristina Gellini
- Department of Chemistry 'Ugo Schiff', University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
| | - Paolo Paoli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50, Firenze (FI), Italy
| | - Matteo Parri
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50, Firenze (FI), Italy
| | - Giangaetano Pietraperzia
- Department of Chemistry 'Ugo Schiff', University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy.,European Laboratory for Non Linear Spectroscopy (LENS), University of Florence, via Nello Carrara 1, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
| | - Barbara Valtancoli
- Department of Chemistry 'Ugo Schiff', University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
| | - Claudia Giorgi
- Department of Chemistry 'Ugo Schiff', University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
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Pereira MIA, Pereira G, Monteiro CAP, Geraldes CFGC, Cabral Filho PE, Cesar CL, de Thomaz AA, Santos BS, Pereira GAL, Fontes A. Hydrophilic Quantum Dots Functionalized with Gd(III)-DO3A Monoamide Chelates as Bright and Effective T 1-weighted Bimodal Nanoprobes. Sci Rep 2019; 9:2341. [PMID: 30787475 PMCID: PMC6382838 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-38772-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a powerful non-invasive diagnostic tool that enables distinguishing healthy from pathological tissues, with high anatomical detail. Nevertheless, MRI is quite limited in the investigation of molecular/cellular biochemical events, which can be reached by fluorescence-based techniques. Thus, we developed bimodal nanosystems consisting in hydrophilic quantum dots (QDs) directly conjugated to Gd(III)-DO3A monoamide chelates, a Gd(III)-DOTA derivative, allowing for the combination of the advantages of both MRI and fluorescence-based tools. These nanoparticulate systems can also improve MRI contrast, by increasing the local concentration of paramagnetic chelates. Transmetallation assays, optical characterization, and relaxometric analyses, showed that the developed bimodal nanoprobes have great chemical stability, bright fluorescence, and high relaxivities. Moreover, fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) analysis allowed us to distinguish nanosystems containing different amounts of chelates/QD. Also, inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP - OES) indicated a conjugation yield higher than 75%. Our nanosystems showed effective longitudinal relaxivities per QD and per paramagnetic ion, at least 5 times [per Gd(III)] and 100 times (per QD) higher than the r1 for Gd(III)-DOTA chelates, suitable for T1-weighted imaging. Additionally, the bimodal nanoparticles presented negligible cytotoxicity, and efficiently labeled HeLa cells as shown by fluorescence. Thus, the developed nanosystems show potential as strategic probes for fluorescence analyses and MRI, being useful for investigating a variety of biological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria I A Pereira
- Departamento de Biofísica e Radiobiologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Goreti Pereira
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Camila A P Monteiro
- Departamento de Biofísica e Radiobiologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Carlos F G C Geraldes
- Departamento de Ciências da Vida, Faculdade de Ciência e Tecnologia, Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Centro de Química de Coimbra, Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Paulo E Cabral Filho
- Departamento de Biofísica e Radiobiologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Carlos L Cesar
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- Departamento de Eletrônica Quântica, Instituto de Física Gleb Wataghin, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - André A de Thomaz
- Departamento de Eletrônica Quântica, Instituto de Física Gleb Wataghin, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Beate S Santos
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Giovannia A L Pereira
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil.
| | - Adriana Fontes
- Departamento de Biofísica e Radiobiologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil.
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