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Thangavelu L, Moglad E, Gupta G, Menon SV, Gaur A, Sharma S, Kaur M, Chahar M, Sivaprasad GV, Deorari M. GAS5 lncRNA: A biomarker and therapeutic target in breast cancer. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 260:155424. [PMID: 38909406 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most common causes of cancer-related mortality globally, and its aggressive phenotype results in poor treatment outcomes. Growth Arrest-Specific 5 long non-coding RNA has attracted considerable attention due to its pivotal function in apoptosis regulation and tumor aggressiveness in breast cancer. Gas5 enhances apoptosis by regulating apoptotic proteins, such as caspases and BCL2 family proteins, and the sensitivity of BCCs to chemotherapeutic agents. At the same time, low levels of GAS5 increased invasion, metastasis, and overall tumor aggressiveness. GAS5 also regulates EMT markers, critical for cancer metastasis, and influences tumor cell proliferation by regulating various signaling components. As a result, GAS5 can be restored to suppress tumor development as a possible therapeutic strategy, which might present promising prospects for a patient's treatment. Its activity levels might also be a crucial indicator and diagnostic parameter for prediction. This review highlights the significant role of GAS5 in modulating apoptosis and tumor aggressiveness in breast cancer, emphasizing its potential as a therapeutic target for breast cancer treatment and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lakshmi Thangavelu
- Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, India
| | - Ehssan Moglad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- Centre for Research Impact & Outcome-Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Soumya V Menon
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Sciences, JAIN (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Ashish Gaur
- Graphic Era (Deemed to be University), Clement Town, Dehradun 248002, India; Graphic Era Hill University, Clement Town, Dehradun 248002, India
| | - Snehlata Sharma
- Chandigarh Pharmacy College, Chandigarh Group of Colleges, Jhanjheri, Mohali, Punjab 140307, India
| | - Mandeep Kaur
- Department of Sciences, Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur, Rajasthan 303012, India
| | - Mamata Chahar
- Department of Chemistry, NIMS University, Jaipur, India
| | - G V Sivaprasad
- Department of Basic Science & Humanities, Raghu Engineering College, Visakhapatnam, India
| | - Mahamedha Deorari
- Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India.
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Srivastava A, Mishra S, Avadhesh, Shekher A, Rai V, Dhasmana A, Das J, Perenzoni D, Iori R, Gupta SC. Moringin, an isothiocyanate modulates multiple cellular signalling molecules in breast cancer cells. Cell Signal 2024; 119:111181. [PMID: 38643946 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2024.111181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Prohibitin (PHB) is a pleiotropic molecule with a variety of known functions and subcellular locations. PHB's function in breast cancer is poorly understood. Herein, we report that PHB is expressed in cancer types of diverse origin including breast cancer. The cancer patients with changes in PHB were reported to have significantly reduced 'overall survival' in comparison to the cases without alterations in PHB. The expression of PHB was increased by H2O2 and also by Moringin (MG), which is an isothiocyanate derived from the seeds of Moringa oleifera. MG interacted with PHB, DRP1, and SLP2 and inhibited the growth of MCF-7 and MDAMB-231 cells. The isothiocyanate triggered apoptosis in breast cancer cells as revealed by AO/PI assay, phosphatidylserine externalization, cell cycle analysis and DAPI staining. MG induced proapoptotic proteins expression such as cytochrome c, p53, and cleaved caspase-7. Further, cell survival proteins such as survivin, Bcl-2, and Bcl-xL were suppressed. A depolarization of membrane potential suggested that the apoptosis was triggered through mitochondria. The isothiocyanate suppressed the cancer cell migration and interacted with NF-κB subunits. MG suppressed p65 nuclear translocation induced by TNF-α. The reactive oxygen species generation was also induced by the isothiocyanate in breast cancer cells. MG also modulated the expression of lncRNAs. Collectively, the functions of PHB in breast cancer growth is evident from this study. The activities of MG against breast cancer might result from its ability to modulate multiple cancer-related targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankit Srivastava
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221 005, India
| | - Shruti Mishra
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221 005, India
| | - Avadhesh
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221 005, India
| | - Anusmita Shekher
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221 005, India; Department of General Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Vipin Rai
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221 005, India
| | - Anupam Dhasmana
- Department of Bioscience and Cancer Research Institute, Himalayan Institute of Medical Sciences, Swami Rama Himalayan University, Dehradun 248 016, India; Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX, USA
| | - Jayanta Das
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Guwahati, India
| | - Daniele Perenzoni
- Department of Food Quality and Nutrition, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach (FEM), San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Renato Iori
- Department of Food Quality and Nutrition, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach (FEM), San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Subash C Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221 005, India; Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Guwahati, India.
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Shekher A, Puneet, Awasthee N, Kumar U, Raj R, Kumar D, Gupta SC. Association of altered metabolic profiles and long non-coding RNAs expression with disease severity in breast cancer patients: analysis by 1H NMR spectroscopy and RT-q-PCR. Metabolomics 2023; 19:8. [PMID: 36710275 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-023-01972-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Globally, one of the major causes of cancer related deaths in women is breast cancer. Although metabolic pattern is altered in cancer patients, robust metabolic biomarkers with a potential to improve the screening and disease monitoring are lacking. A complete metabolome profiling of breast cancer patients may lead to the identification of diagnostic/prognostic markers and potential targets. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to analyze the metabolic profile in the serum from 43 breast cancer patients and 13 healthy individuals. MATERIALS & METHODS We used 1H NMR spectroscopy for the identification and quantification of metabolites. q-RT-PCR was used to examine the relative expression of lncRNAs. RESULTS Metabolites such as amino acids, lipids, membrane metabolites, lipoproteins, and energy metabolites were observed in the serum from both patients and healthy individuals. Using unsupervised PCA, supervised PLS-DA, supervised OPLS-DA, and random forest classification, we observed that more than 25 metabolites were altered in the breast cancer patients. Metabolites with AUC value > 0.9 were selected for further analysis that revealed significant elevation of lactate, LPR and glycerol, while the level of glucose, succinate, and isobutyrate was reduced in breast cancer patients in comparison to healthy control. The level of these metabolites (except LPR) was altered in advanced-stage breast cancer patients in comparison to early-stage breast cancer patients. The altered metabolites were also associated with over 25 signaling pathways related to metabolism. Further, lncRNAs such as H19, MEG3 and GAS5 were dysregulated in the breast tumor tissue in comparison to normal adjacent tissue. CONCLUSION The study provides insights into metabolic alteration in breast cancer patients. It also provides an avenue to examine the association of lncRNAs with metabolic patterns in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anusmita Shekher
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221 005, India
- Department of General Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221 005, India
| | - Puneet
- Department of General Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221 005, India
| | - Nikee Awasthee
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221 005, India
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Umesh Kumar
- Centre of Biomedical Research (CBMR), SGPGIMS, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226 014, India
| | - Ritu Raj
- Centre of Biomedical Research (CBMR), SGPGIMS, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226 014, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar
- Centre of Biomedical Research (CBMR), SGPGIMS, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226 014, India.
| | - Subash Chandra Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221 005, India.
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Guwahati, Assam, 781101, India.
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Long Non-Coding RNAs as Novel Targets for Phytochemicals to Cease Cancer Metastasis. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28030987. [PMID: 36770654 PMCID: PMC9921150 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28030987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is a multi-step phenomenon during cancer development leading to the propagation of cancer cells to distant organ(s). According to estimations, metastasis results in over 90% of cancer-associated death around the globe. Long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) are a group of regulatory RNA molecules more than 200 base pairs in length. The main regulatory activity of these molecules is the modulation of gene expression. They have been reported to affect different stages of cancer development including proliferation, apoptosis, migration, invasion, and metastasis. An increasing number of medical data reports indicate the probable function of LncRNAs in the metastatic spread of different cancers. Phytochemical compounds, as the bioactive agents of plants, show several health benefits with a variety of biological activities. Several phytochemicals have been demonstrated to target LncRNAs to defeat cancer. This review article briefly describes the metastasis steps, summarizes data on some well-established LncRNAs with a role in metastasis, and identifies the phytochemicals with an ability to suppress cancer metastasis by targeting LncRNAs.
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Haji M, Hosseinzadeh M. Cyclohepta[b]pyran: an important scaffold in biologically active natural products. Med Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-022-02958-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Yadav P, Gond S, Shekher A, Gupta SC, Singh UP, Singh VP. A multifunctional basic pH indicator probe for distinguishable detection of Co 2+, Cu 2+ and Zn 2+ with its utility in mitotracking and monitoring cytoplasmic viscosity in apoptotic cells. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:6927-6935. [PMID: 35445683 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt00286h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Metal ions such as Co2+, Cu2+ and Zn2+ have extensive applications in biological and industrial realms, but the toxicity caused by these ions poses a serious threat to mankind. However, there is no report in the literature on the development of a chemosensor for distinguishable detection of these toxic ions. Addressing this challenge, a multifunctional probe as a basic pH indicator with both colorimetric and fluorescence turn-on responses has been reported. The probe selectively discriminates Co2+, Cu2+ and Zn2+ ions with brown, dark yellow and greenish yellow colors, respectively, in DMF : water (9 : 1 v/v, HEPES 10 mM). Additionally, a fluorescence turn-on response specific to Zn2+ has also been observed. The sensing mechanism has been explored using UV-Vis, fluorescence spectroscopy and 1H NMR titration and confirmed with computational results. The inhibition of CN isomerization and excited state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) along with chelation enhanced fluorescence emission (CHEF) result in fluorescence enhancement with Zn2+. Job's plot and HRMS spectra confirm a 1 : 1 (L : M) stoichiometry between the probe and metal ions. The probe is able to exhibit excellent viscochromism in DMF : glycerol medium. Live cell imaging on SiHa cells has been successfully performed for intra-cellular detection of Zn2+ at basic pH. Furthermore, the probe displays its utility in mitotracking and monitoring cytoplasmic viscosity changes in SiHa cells. It is efficiently used to recognize the apoptosis process by displaying an enhancement in fluorescence intensity from cancerous SiHa cells to apoptotic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranjalee Yadav
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India.
| | - Sarita Gond
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India.
| | - Anusmita Shekher
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Subash Chandra Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India.,Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Udai P Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, India
| | - Vinod P Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India.
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Minocha T, Das M, Rai V, Verma SS, Awasthee N, Gupta SC, Haldar C, Yadav SK. Melatonin induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in cervical cancer cells via inhibition of NF-κB pathway. Inflammopharmacology 2022; 30:1411-1429. [DOI: 10.1007/s10787-022-00964-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Awasthee N, Shekher A, Rai V, Verma SS, Mishra S, Dhasmana A, Gupta SC. Piperlongumine, a piper alkaloid, enhances the efficacy of doxorubicin in breast cancer: involvement of glucose import, ROS, NF-κB and lncRNAs. Apoptosis 2022; 27:261-282. [PMID: 35122181 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-022-01711-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Piperlongumine (PL, piplartine) is an alkaloid derived from the Piper longum L. (long pepper) roots. Originally discovered in 1961, the biological activities of this molecule against some cancer types was reported during the last decade. Whether PL can synergize with doxorubicin and the underlying mechanism in breast cancer remains elusive. Herein, we report the activities of PL in numerous breast cancer cell lines. PL reduced the migration and colony formation by cancer cells. An enhancement in the sub-G1 population, reduction in the mitochondrial membrane potential, chromatin condensation, DNA laddering and suppression in the cell survival proteins was observed by the alkaloid. Further, PL induced ROS generation in breast cancer cells. While TNF-α induced p65 nuclear translocation, PL suppressed the translocation in cancer cells. The expression of lncRNAs such as MEG3, GAS5 and H19 were also modulated by the alkaloid. The molecular docking studies revealed that PL can interact with both p65 and p50 subunits. PL reduced the glucose import and altered the pH of the medium towards the alkaline side. PL also suppressed the expression of glucose and lactate transporter in breast cancer cells. In tumor bearing mouse model, PL was found to synergize with doxorubicin and reduced the size, volume and weight of the tumor. Overall, the effects of doxorubicin in cancer cells are enhanced by PL. The modulation of glucose import, NF-κB activation and lncRNAs expression may have contributory role for the activities of PL in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikee Awasthee
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221 005, India
| | - Anusmita Shekher
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221 005, India
| | - Vipin Rai
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221 005, India
| | - Sumit S Verma
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221 005, India
| | - Shruti Mishra
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221 005, India
| | - Anupam Dhasmana
- Department of Bioscience and Cancer Research Institute, Himalayan Institute of Medical Sciences, Swami Rama Himalayan University, Dehradun, 248 016, India
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX, USA
| | - Subash C Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221 005, India.
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Guwahati, India.
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Chen Y, Zhao Y, Lu R, Zhao H, Guo Y. Identification and Validation of a Novel Genomic Instability-Associated Long Non-Coding RNA Prognostic Signature in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:787766. [PMID: 35127708 PMCID: PMC8812830 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.787766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is one of the most aggressive malignant cancers worldwide, and accurate prognostic models are urgently needed. Emerging evidence revealed that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are related to genomic instability. We sought to identify and validate a genomic instability-associated lncRNA prognostic signature to assess HNSCC patient survival outcomes. Methods: RNA-sequencing data, somatic mutation files, and patient clinical data were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas database. A total of 491 patients with completely clinical files were randomly divided into training and testing sets. In the training set, genomic instability-associated lncRNAs were screened through univariate Cox regression analyses and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression analyses to build a genomic instability-associated lncRNA signature (GILncSig). In addition, time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, Kaplan-Meier survival curve, and clinical stratification analyses were used to evaluate the signature’s reliability. Finally, in situ hybridization experiments were performed to validate GILncSig expression levels between adjacent non-tumor tissues and tumor tissues from HNSCC patients. Results: Four genomic instability-associated lncRNAs (AC023310.4, AC091729.1, LINC01564, and MIR3142HG) were selected for the prognostic signature. The model was successfully validated using the testing cohort. ROC analysis demonstrated its strong predictive ability for HNSCC prognosis. Univariate and multivariate Cox analyses revealed that the GILncSig was an independent predictor of prognosis. HNSCC patients with a low-risk score showed a substantially better prognosis than the high-risk groups. The in situ hybridization experiments using human HNSCC tissue revealed high GILncSig expression in HNSCC tissues compared with adjacent non-tumor tissues. Conclusion: We developed a novel GILncSig for prognosis prediction in HNSCC patients, and the components of that signature might be therapeutic targets for HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Chen
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yaqiong Zhao
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ruohuang Lu
- Department of Stomatology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Han Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye, Ear, Nose and Throat Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Laboratory of Myopia, NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Han Zhao, ; Yue Guo,
| | - Yue Guo
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Han Zhao, ; Yue Guo,
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Homayoonfal M, Asemi Z, Yousefi B. Targeting long non coding RNA by natural products: Implications for cancer therapy. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021:1-29. [PMID: 34783279 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.2001785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
In spite of achieving substantial progress in its therapeutic strategies, cancer-associated prevalence and mortality are persistently rising globally. However, most malignant cancers either cannot be adequately diagnosed at the primary phase or resist against multiple treatments such as chemotherapy, surgery, radiotherapy as well as targeting therapy. In recent decades, overwhelming evidences have provided more convincing words on the undeniable roles of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in incidence and development of various cancer types. Recently, phytochemical and nutraceutical compounds have received a great deal of attention due to their inhibitory and stimulatory effects on oncogenic and tumor suppressor lncRNAs respectively that finally may lead to attenuate various processes of cancer cells such as growth, proliferation, metastasis and invasion. Therefore, application of phytochemicals with anticancer characteristics can be considered as an innovative approach for treating cancer and increasing the sensitivity of cancer cells to standard prevailing therapies. The purpose of this review was to investigate the effect of various phytochemicals on regulation of lncRNAs in different human cancer and evaluate their capabilities for cancer treatment and prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Homayoonfal
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, I.R. Iran
| | - Zatollah Asemi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, I.R. Iran
| | - Bahman Yousefi
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Pandey S, Awasthee N, Shekher A, Rai LC, Gupta SC, Dubey SK. Biogenic synthesis and characterization of selenium nanoparticles and their applications with special reference to antibacterial, antioxidant, anticancer and photocatalytic activity. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2021; 44:2679-2696. [PMID: 34599397 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-021-02637-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Oxyanions of selenium, selenite (SeO3)2- and selenate (SeO4)2- are toxic to terrestrial and aquatic biota but few microorganisms including cyanobacteria are resistant to high levels of selenite. Cyanobacteria evade selenite toxicity through bioreduction and synthesis of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs). In this study, extracellular biosynthesis of SeNPs (Se0) using cyanobacterium, Anabaena sp. PCC 7120 on exposure to sodium selenite and characterization was done by using UV-visible spectroscopy, SEM-EDX, TEM and FTIR analyses which confirmed spherical shape with size range of 5-50 nm diameter. These biogenic SeNPs demonstrated significant antibacterial and anti-biofilm activity against bacterial pathogens. Furthermore, these SeNPs showed high antioxidant activity at minimum concentration of 50 µg/mL and significant anti-proliferative activity against HeLa cell line with IC50 value of 5.5 µg/mL. The SeNPs also induced accumulation of cancer cells in the sub-G1 phase which was clearly observed in cellular and nuclear morphology. These biofabricated SeNPs also reduced and decolorized toxic methylene blue dye significantly through photocatalytic degradation. Therefore Anabaena sp. PCC 7120 may be employed as a green bioresource to synthesize SeNPs with potential applications in medicine and environmental bioremediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shraddha Pandey
- G. E. Fogg Laboratory of Algal Biology, Department of Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Nikee Awasthee
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Anusmita Shekher
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Lal Chand Rai
- G. E. Fogg Laboratory of Algal Biology, Department of Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Subash Chandra Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Santosh Kumar Dubey
- G. E. Fogg Laboratory of Algal Biology, Department of Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Ahmad S, Abbas M, Ullah MF, Aziz MH, Beylerli O, Alam MA, Syed MA, Uddin S, Ahmad A. Long non-coding RNAs regulated NF-κB signaling in cancer metastasis: Micromanaging by not so small non-coding RNAs. Semin Cancer Biol 2021; 85:155-163. [PMID: 34314819 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2021.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cancer metastasis is a major reason for the cancer-associated deaths and a role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in cancer metastasis is increasingly being realized. Among the many oncogenic pathways, NF-κB signalling's involvement in cancer metastasis as a key inflammation-regulatory transcription factor has been a subject of interest for long time. Accumulating data from in vitro as well as in vivo studies along with analysis of clinical cancer tissues points to regulation of NF-κB signalling by lncRNAs with implications toward the onset of cancer metastasis. LncRNAs FOXD2-AS1, KRT19P3 and the NF-κB interacting lncRNA (NKILA) associate with lymph node metastasis and poor prognosis of individual cancers. The role of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in cancer metastasis is well known. EMT is regulated by NF-κB and regulation of NF-κB/EMT-induced metastasis by lncRNAs remains a hot topic of research with indications for such roles of lncRNAs MALAT1, SNHG15, CRNDE and AC007271.3. Among the many lncRNAs, NKILA stands out as the most investigated lncRNA for its regulation of NF-κB. This tumor suppressive lncRNA has been reported downregulated in clinical samples representing different human cancers. Mechanistically, NKILA has been consistently shown to inhibit NF-κB activation via inhibition of IκBα phosphorylation and the resulting suppression of EMT. NKILA is also a target of natural anticancer compounds. Given the importance of NF-κB as a master regulatory transcription factor, lncRNAs, as the modulators of NF-κB signaling, can provide alternate targets for metastatic cancers with constitutively active NF-κB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaniya Ahmad
- Translational Research Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Madiha Abbas
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Mohammad Fahad Ullah
- Prince Fahd Research Chair, Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Moammir H Aziz
- James H. Quillen VA Medical Center, Johnson City, TN, 37604, USA
| | - Ozal Beylerli
- Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa, Republic of Bashkortostan, 450008, Russia
| | - Majid Ali Alam
- Dermatology Institute and Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mansoor Ali Syed
- Translational Research Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Shahab Uddin
- Dermatology Institute and Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; Laboratory of Animal Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Aamir Ahmad
- Dermatology Institute and Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.
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Singh RK, Verma PK, Kumar A, Kumar S, Acharya A. Achyranthes aspera L. leaf extract induced anticancer effects on Dalton's Lymphoma via regulation of PKCα signaling pathway and mitochondrial apoptosis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 274:114060. [PMID: 33771640 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Epidemiological studies promote the inclusion of natural-products in diet due to their inhibitory effects on various types of cancer. Among them, Achyranthes aspera L. (Family Amaranthaceae) is a medicinal plant in Ayurvedic pharmacopeia, found in India, Southeast Asia, America, and Sub-Saharan Africa. It is endowed with anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and anti-cancer activities. However, its potential effect on Non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHLs), has not yet been clarified. AIM OF THE STUDY In the present study, we aimed to investigate the effect of Achyranthes aspera L. leaf extracts on highly aggressive murine NHL called Dalton's Lymphoma (DL) in vitro and in vivo. MATERIAL AND METHODS GC-HRMS analysis was carried out for the identification of compounds present in A. aspera leaf extract. The cytotoxicity of various A. aspera leaf extracts was evaluated on DL cells by MTT assay. Chromatin condensation, nuclear fragmentation, and morphological changes were observed by microscopy technique. Flow cytometry was used to measure the changes in mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) and apoptosis. In addition, the expressions of apoptosis-related proteins were detected by western blotting. Meanwhile, the in vivo anti-tumor effect of leaf extract was tested in DL induced Balb/c mice. RESULT GC-HRMS analysis of A. aspera methanolic leaf extract (AAML) revealed the presence of ten pharmacologically active compounds. The results showed that AAML suppressed cell proliferation, decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, changed the morphological structure, and induced apoptosis. Moreover, AAML could promote the release of cytochrome c by regulating Bcl-2 family proteins and then activated caspase-9/ -3 to triggered cell apoptosis. At the same time in DL cells treated with AAML, the protein kinase Cα (PKCα) pathway was inhibited in a concentration-dependent manner. Remarkably, in vivo, AAML mediated suppression of DL growth in Balb/c mice was accompanied by attenuation of the PKCα pathway and induction of apoptosis. Our result suggested that AAML promotes mitochondrial apoptotic cascade in DL cells by suppressing the PKCα signaling pathway. CONCLUSION The study suggests that AAML could potently suppress DL progression by promoting apoptosis via mitochondrial-cascade and attenuation of the PKCα signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rishi Kant Singh
- Tumor Immunology Lab, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, U.P, India
| | - Praveen Kumar Verma
- Tumor Immunology Lab, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, U.P, India
| | - Amit Kumar
- Tumor Immunology Lab, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, U.P, India
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- Tumor Immunology Lab, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, U.P, India
| | - Arbind Acharya
- Tumor Immunology Lab, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, U.P, India.
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Gupta DD, Mishra S, Verma SS, Shekher A, Rai V, Awasthee N, Das TJ, Paul D, Das SK, Tag H, Chandra Gupta S, Hui PK. Evaluation of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities of diosgenin enriched Paris polyphylla rhizome extract of Indian Himalayan landraces. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 270:113842. [PMID: 33460752 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.113842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Traditional medicinal plants have gained attention as a potential therapeutic agent to combat cancer and inflammation. Diosgenin rich fresh extracts of Paris polyphylla rhizome from Indian Himalaya is traditionally used as wound healing, anti-bleeding, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer agent by the folk healers. AIM OF THE STUDY Present study was aimed to prepare two types of extracts from Paris polyphylla rhizome of Indian Himalayan landraces - 1. ethanolic extract of Paris polyphylla rhizome (EEPPR) and 2. Diosgenin enriched Paris polyphylla rhizome extract (DPPE), quantification of diosgenin content, and to evaluate their in vitro anti-oxidant, in vivo anti-inflammatory and in vitro cytotoxicity and anti-cancer activities of the DPPE. MATERIALS AND METHODS Diosgenin content of EEPPR was quantified through GC-MS while diosgenin content of DPPE was quantified through HPTLC, and the diosgenin yield from EEPPR and DPPE were compared. In vitro antioxidant activities of DPPE were performed using DPPH, NOD, RP and SOD assay while in vivo anti-inflammatory activity of DPPE were evaluated in dextran induced hind paw edema in rats. In vitro cytotoxicity and anti-cancer activities of DPPE were evaluated in human breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7, MDA-MB-231), cervical cancer cell lines (HeLa) and Hep-2 cell lines. RESULTS EEPPR obtained through cold extraction method using 70% ethanol showed maximum diosgenin content of 17.90% quantified through GC-MS while similar compounds pennogenin (3.29%), 7β-Dehydrodiosgenin (1.90%), 7-Ketodiosgenin acetate (1.14%), and 7 β-hydroxydiosgenin (0.55%) were detected in low concentration, and thus confirmed diosgenin as major and lead phytochemical. However, DPPE obtained through both cold and repeated hot extraction with the same solvent (70% ethanol) showed diosgenin content of 60.29% which is significantly higher (p < 0.001) than the diosgenin content in EEPPR. DPPE demonstrated significant in vitro antioxidant activities by dose-dependently quenched (p < 0.001) SOD free radicals by 76.66%, followed by DPPH (71.43%), NOD (67.35%), and RP (63.74%) at a max concentration of 2 μg/μl of ascorbic acid and test drugs with remarkable IC50 values (p < 0.01). Further, DPPE also showed potent anti-inflammatory activities by dose-dependently suppressed dextran induced paw edema in rats (p < 0.01) from 2 h to 4 h. DPPE suppressed the proliferation of MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, Hep-2 and HeLa cell lines. Maximum activity was observed in MCF-7 cells. The DPPE also induced apoptosis in MCF-7 cell lines as measured by AO/PI and DAPI staining, as well as DNA laddering, cell cycle analysis and phosphatidylserine externalization assay. The growth-inhibitory effect of DPPE on MCF-7 breast cancer cells was further confirmed from the colony-formation assay. DPPE upregulated expression of Bax and downregulated Bcl-2 and survivin mRNA transcripts. CONCLUSION DPPE obtained through both cold and repeated hot extraction using ethanol showed significantly higher content of diosgenin than the diosgenin content detected in EEPPR. However, diosgenin yield of both the extracts (EEPPR & DPPE) clearly confirmed diosgenin as major and lead phytochemical of Paris polyphylla rhizome of Indian Himalayan landraces. Further, DPPE also demonstrated potent in vitro anti-oxidative and in vivo anti-inflammatory activities and showed in vitro cytotoxicity and significant anti-cancer (apoptosis) effects in MCF-7 breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debmalya Das Gupta
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology (NIT)-Arunachal Pradesh, Yupia, 791112, Papum Pare, Arunachal Pradesh, India.
| | - Shruti Mishra
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Sumit Singh Verma
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Anusmita Shekher
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Vipin Rai
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Nikee Awasthee
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Tridip J Das
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology (NIT)-Arunachal Pradesh, Yupia, 791112, Papum Pare, Arunachal Pradesh, India.
| | - Dipayan Paul
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology (NIT)-Arunachal Pradesh, Yupia, 791112, Papum Pare, Arunachal Pradesh, India.
| | - Sanjib K Das
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology (NIT)-Arunachal Pradesh, Yupia, 791112, Papum Pare, Arunachal Pradesh, India.
| | - Hui Tag
- Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory, Department of Botany, Rajiv Gandhi University, Rono Hills, Doimukh, 791112, Arunachal Pradesh, India.
| | - Subash Chandra Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Pallabi K Hui
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology (NIT)-Arunachal Pradesh, Yupia, 791112, Papum Pare, Arunachal Pradesh, India.
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Dong S, Ma M, Li M, Guo Y, Zuo X, Gu X, Zhang M, Shi Y. LncRNA MEG3 regulates breast cancer proliferation and apoptosis through miR-141-3p/RBMS3 axis. Genomics 2021; 113:1689-1704. [PMID: 33845141 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2021.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Maternally expressed 3 (MEG3) and RNA binding motif single stranded interacting protein 3 (RBMS3) are abnormally expressed in breast cancer susceptibility genes (BRCA), but the mechanism of the two in breast cancer (BC) is unclear. By performing in vivo and in vitro experiments, we found that MEG3 and RBMS3 were low-expressed, negatively correlated with high-expressed miR-141-3p, were positively correlated with each other in BC. MEG3 targeted miR-141-3p, and miR-141-3p targeted RBMS3. MEG3, which was mainly distributed in BC cytoplasm, could down-regulate miR-141-3p and up-regulate RBMS3, and reverse effect of miR-141-3p on related gene expressions and on promoting cancer development. Overexpressed MEG3 inhibited growth of xenografts, promoted cell apoptosis via regulating apoptosis related factors, and up-regulated RBMS3 expression but down-regulated miR-141-3p. The findings of this study showed that MEG3 inhibited proliferation and promoted apoptosis of BC cells through the miR-141-3p/RBMS3 axis, and MEG3 inhibited growth of xenografts through miR-141-3p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiliang Dong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
| | - Minrui Ma
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Oncology, People's Hospital of Laibin, Laibin City, Guangxi Province, 546100, China
| | - Yuexin Guo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Zuo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
| | - Xiaobin Gu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
| | - Mingzhi Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
| | - Yonggang Shi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China.
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Kalhori MR, Khodayari H, Khodayari S, Vesovic M, Jackson G, Farzaei MH, Bishayee A. Regulation of Long Non-Coding RNAs by Plant Secondary Metabolites: A Novel Anticancer Therapeutic Approach. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13061274. [PMID: 33805687 PMCID: PMC8001769 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13061274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Cancer is caused by the rapid and uncontrolled growth of cells that eventually lead to tumor formation. Genetic and epigenetic alterations are among the most critical factors in the onset of carcinoma. Phytochemicals are a group of natural compounds that play an essential role in cancer prevention and treatment. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are potential therapeutic targets of bioactive phytochemicals, and these compounds could regulate the expression of lncRNAs directly and indirectly. Here, we critically evaluate in vitro and in vivo anticancer effects of phytochemicals in numerous human cancers via regulation of lncRNA expression and their downstream target genes. Abstract Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a class of non-coding RNAs that play an essential role in various cellular activities, such as differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis. Dysregulation of lncRNAs serves a fundamental role in the progression and initiation of various diseases, including cancer. Precision medicine is a suitable and optimal treatment method for cancer so that based on each patient’s genetic content, a specific treatment or drug is prescribed. The rapid advancement of science and technology in recent years has led to many successes in this particular treatment. Phytochemicals are a group of natural compounds extracted from fruits, vegetables, and plants. Through the downregulation of oncogenic lncRNAs or upregulation of tumor suppressor lncRNAs, these bioactive compounds can inhibit metastasis, proliferation, invasion, migration, and cancer cells. These natural products can be a novel and alternative strategy for cancer treatment and improve tumor cells’ sensitivity to standard adjuvant therapies. This review will discuss the antineoplastic effects of bioactive plant secondary metabolites (phytochemicals) via regulation of expression of lncRNAs in various human cancers and their potential for the treatment and prevention of human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Kalhori
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6714415185, Iran;
| | - Hamid Khodayari
- International Center for Personalized Medicine, 40235 Düsseldorf, Germany; (H.K.); (S.K.)
- Breast Disease Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1419733141, Iran
| | - Saeed Khodayari
- International Center for Personalized Medicine, 40235 Düsseldorf, Germany; (H.K.); (S.K.)
- Breast Disease Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1419733141, Iran
| | - Miko Vesovic
- Department of Mathematics, Statistics, and Computer Science, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA;
| | - Gloria Jackson
- Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL 34211, USA;
| | - Mohammad Hosein Farzaei
- Medical Technology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6718874414, Iran
- Correspondence: (M.H.F.); or (A.B.)
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL 34211, USA;
- Correspondence: (M.H.F.); or (A.B.)
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Ghafouri-Fard S, Tamizkar KH, Hussen BM, Taheri M. An update on the role of long non-coding RNAs in the pathogenesis of breast cancer. Pathol Res Pract 2021; 219:153373. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2021.153373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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18
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Rai V, Aggarwal SK, Verma SS, Awasthee N, Dhasmana A, Aggarwal S, Das SN, Nair MS, Yadav S, Gupta SC. Epoxyazadiradione exhibit activities in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma by targeting multiple pathways. Apoptosis 2020; 25:763-782. [PMID: 32894380 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-020-01633-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) constitute about 90% of all head and neck cancers. HNSCC falls in the top 10 cancers in men globally. Epoxyazadiradione (EPA) and Azadiradione (AZA) are the limonoids derived from the medicinal plant Azadirachta indica (popularly known as Neem). Whether or not the limonoids exhibit activities against HNSCC and the associated mechanism remains elusive. Herein, we demonstrate that EPA exhibits stronger activity in HNSCC in comparison to AZA. The limonoids obeyed the Lipinski's rule of 5. EPA exhibited activities in a variety of HNSCC lines like suppression of the proliferation and the induction of apoptosis. The limonoid suppressed the level of proteins associated with anti-apoptosis (survivin, Bcl-2, Bcl-xL), proliferation (cyclin D1), and invasion (MMP-9). Further, the expression of proapoptotic Bax and caspase-9 cleavage was induced by the limonoid. Exposure of EPA induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in the FaDu cells. N-acetyl-L-cysteine (ROS scavenger) abrogated the down-regulation of tumorigenic proteins caused by EPA exposure. EPA induced NOX-5 while suppressing the expression of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1). Further, hydrogen peroxide induced NF-κB-p65 nuclear translocation and EPA inhibited the translocation. Finally, EPA modulated the expression of lncRNAs in HNSCC lines. Overall, these results have shown that EPA exhibit activities against HNSCC by targeting multiple cancer related signalling molecules. Currently, we are evaluating the efficacy of this molecule in mice models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vipin Rai
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Sushil Kumar Aggarwal
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221 005, India
| | - Sumit Singh Verma
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Nikee Awasthee
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Anupam Dhasmana
- Department of Biosciences, Himalayan Institute of Medical Sciences, Swami Rama Himalayan University, Jolly Grant, Dehradun, 248 016, India
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, USA
| | - Sadhna Aggarwal
- Department of Biotechnology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Satya N Das
- Department of Biotechnology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110029, India
- Emeritus Scientist, Indian Council of Medical Research, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, India
| | - Mangalam S Nair
- Division of Organic Chemistry, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | - Sanjay Yadav
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raebareli, 229405, India
| | - Subash C Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India.
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19
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Javed Z, Khan K, Iqbal MZ, Ahmad T, Raza Q, Sadia H, Raza S, Salehi B, Sharifi-Rad J, Cho WC. Long non-coding RNA regulation of TRAIL in breast cancer: A tangle of non-coding threads. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:37. [PMID: 32802161 PMCID: PMC7412712 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is a complex disease posing a serious threat to the female population worldwide. A complex molecular landscape and tumor heterogeneity render breast cancer cells resistant to drugs and able to promote metastasis and invasiveness. Despite the recent advancements in diagnostics and drug discovery, finding an effective cure for breast cancer is still a major challenge. Positive and negative regulation of apoptosis has been a subject of extensive study over the years. Numerous studies have shed light on the mechanisms that impede the tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) signaling cascade. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been implicated in the orchestration, development, proliferation, differentiation and metastasis of breast cancer. However, the roles of lncRNAs in fine-tuning apoptosis regulating machinery in breast cancer remain to be elucidated. The present review illuminates the roles of these molecules in the regulation of breast cancer and the interplay between lncRNA and TRAIL in breast cancer. The present review also attempts to reveal their role in the regulation of apoptosis in breast cancer appears a promising approach for the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeeshan Javed
- Office for Research Innovation and Commercialization, Lahore Garrison University, Lahore, Punjab 54792, Pakistan
| | - Khushbukhat Khan
- Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Punjab 44000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zaheer Iqbal
- Center for Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab 53700, Pakistan
| | - Touqeer Ahmad
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Punjab 54000, Pakistan
| | - Qamar Raza
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Punjab 54000, Pakistan
| | - Haleema Sadia
- Department of Biotechnology, Balochistan University of Information Technology, Engineering and Management Sciences, Quetta, Balochistan 87100, Pakistan
| | - Shahid Raza
- Office for Research Innovation and Commercialization, Lahore Garrison University, Lahore, Punjab 54792, Pakistan
| | - Bahare Salehi
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam 44340847, Iran.,Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam 44340847, Iran
| | - Javad Sharifi-Rad
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1991953381, Iran
| | - William C Cho
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, P.R. China
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Isodeoxyelephantopin, a Sesquiterpene Lactone Induces ROS Generation, Suppresses NF-κB Activation, Modulates LncRNA Expression and Exhibit Activities Against Breast Cancer. Sci Rep 2019; 9:17980. [PMID: 31784542 PMCID: PMC6884568 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-52971-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The sesquiterpene lactones, Isodeoxyelephantopin (IDET) and Deoxyelephantopin (DET) are known to exhibit activities against some cancer types. The activities of these lactones against breast cancer and the molecular bases is not known. We examined the efficacy of lactones in breast cancer preclinical model. Although both lactones exhibited drug like properties, IDET was relatively effective in comparison to DET. IDET suppressed the proliferation of both invasive and non-invasive breast cancer cell lines. IDET also suppressed the colony formation and migration of breast cancer cells. The assays for Acridine Orange (AO)/Propidium Iodide (PI) staining, cell cycle distribution, phosphatidylserine externalization and DNA laddering suggested the apoptosis inducing potential of IDET. The treatment with IDET also induced an accumulation of cells in the sub-G1 and G2/M phases. The exposure of breast cancer cells to the lactone was associated with a depolarization in mitochondrial membrane potential, and cleavage of caspase and PARP. The lactone induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in breast cancer cells. Further, the use of N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) suppressed IDET induced ROS generation and apoptosis. The NF-κB-p65 nuclear translocation induced by okadaic acid (OA) was suppressed by the sesquiterpene. IDET also suppressed the expression of NF-κB regulated tumorigenic proteins, and induced the expression of proapoptotic gene (Bax) in cancer cells. While the expression of oncogenic lncRNAs was suppressed, the tumor suppressor lncRNAs were induced by the sesquiterpene. Collectively, the modulation of multiple cell signaling molecules by IDET may contribute to its activities in breast cancer cells.
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Gupta SC, Awasthee N, Rai V, Chava S, Gunda V, Challagundla KB. Long non-coding RNAs and nuclear factor-κB crosstalk in cancer and other human diseases. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2019; 1873:188316. [PMID: 31639408 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2019.188316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The regulation of the pleiotropic transcription factor, nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) by miRNAs and proteins is extensively studied. More recently, the NF-κB signaling was also reported to be regulated by several long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) that constitute the major portion of the noncoding component of the human genome. The common NF-κB associated lncRNAs include NKILA, HOTAIR, MALAT1, ANRIL, Lethe, MIR31HG, and PACER. The lncRNA and NF-κB signaling crosstalk during cancer and other diseases such as cardiomyopathy, celiac disease, cerebral infarction, chronic kidney disease, diabetes mellitus, Kawasaki disease, pregnancy loss, and rheumatoid arthritis. Some NF-κB related lncRNAs can affect gene expression without modulating NF-κB signaling. Most of the lncRNAs with a potential to modulate NF-κB signaling are regulated by NF-κB itself suggesting a feedback regulation. The discovery of lncRNAs have provided a new type of regulation for the NF-κB signaling and thus could be explored for therapeutic interventions. The manner in which lncRNA and NF-κB crosstalk affects human pathophysiology is discussed in this review. The challenges associated with the therapeutic interventions of this crosstalk are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subash C Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Nikee Awasthee
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vipin Rai
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Srinivas Chava
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Venugopal Gunda
- Pediatric Oncology Laboratory, Child Health Research Institute, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Kishore B Challagundla
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA.
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Yu Y, Hann SS. Novel Tumor Suppressor lncRNA Growth Arrest-Specific 5 (GAS5) In Human Cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:8421-8436. [PMID: 31632088 PMCID: PMC6794681 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s221305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play crucial regulatory roles in fundamental biological processes, and deregulations of lncRNAs have been linked to numerous human diseases, especially cancers. Of particular interest in this regard is lncRNA GAS5, which is mainly identified as a tumor suppressor in several cancers. GAS5 was significantly low expressed in multiple cancers and was associated with clinic-pathological characteristics and patient survival, indicating a novel potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker, and a therapeutic target for cancer. Functionally, GAS5 is involved in cell proliferation, metastasis, invasion, apoptosis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and drug resistance, among others, via multiple molecular mechanisms, such as binding to DNA sequences, forming RNA-DNA triplex complex, triggering or suppressing the expression of genes, binding proteins to form chromatin-modifying complex, which activates or represses gene expression, and acting as miRNA sponge to suppress miRNA expression, leading to regulation of miRNA target genes. This review provides an overview of the current state of knowledge and role of GAS5 in clinical relevance, biological functions and molecular mechanisms underlying the dysregulation of expression and function of GAS5 in cancer. Finally, the potential prospective role as diagnostic and prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in cancer is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaya Yu
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, The Second Clinical Collage of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510120, People's Republic of China
| | - Swei Sunny Hann
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, The Second Clinical Collage of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510120, People's Republic of China
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Mishra S, Verma SS, Rai V, Awasthee N, Chava S, Hui KM, Kumar AP, Challagundla KB, Sethi G, Gupta SC. Long non-coding RNAs are emerging targets of phytochemicals for cancer and other chronic diseases. Cell Mol Life Sci 2019; 76:1947-1966. [PMID: 30879091 PMCID: PMC7775409 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03053-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2018] [Revised: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are the crucial regulators of human chronic diseases. Therefore, approaches such as antisense oligonucleotides, RNAi technology, and small molecule inhibitors have been used for the therapeutic targeting of lncRNAs. During the last decade, phytochemicals and nutraceuticals have been explored for their potential against lncRNAs. The common lncRNAs known to be modulated by phytochemicals include ROR, PVT1, HOTAIR, MALAT1, H19, MEG3, PCAT29, PANDAR, NEAT1, and GAS5. The phytochemicals such as curcumin, resveratrol, sulforaphane, berberine, EGCG, and gambogic acid have been examined against lncRNAs. In some cases, formulation of phytochemicals has also been used. The disease models where phytochemicals have been demonstrated to modulate lncRNAs expression include cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. The regulation of lncRNAs by phytochemicals can affect multi-steps of tumor development. When administered in combination with the conventional drugs, phytochemicals can also produce synergistic effects on lncRNAs leading to the sensitization of cancer cells. Phytochemicals target lncRNAs either directly or indirectly by affecting a wide variety of upstream molecules. However, the potential of phytochemicals against lncRNAs has been demonstrated mostly by preclinical studies in cancer models. How the modulation of lncRNAs by phytochemicals produce therapeutic effects on cancer and other chronic diseases is discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shruti Mishra
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India
| | - Sumit S Verma
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India
| | - Vipin Rai
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India
| | - Nikee Awasthee
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India
| | - Srinivas Chava
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Kam Man Hui
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Research, Humphrey Oei Institute of Cancer Research, National Cancer Centre, Singapore, 169610, Singapore
| | - Alan Prem Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117600, Singapore
| | - Kishore B Challagundla
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA.
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117600, Singapore.
| | - Subash C Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India.
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Mishra S, Verma SS, Rai V, Awasthee N, Arya JS, Maiti KK, Gupta SC. Curcuma raktakanda Induces Apoptosis and Suppresses Migration in Cancer Cells: Role of Reactive Oxygen Species. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9040159. [PMID: 31018580 PMCID: PMC6523773 DOI: 10.3390/biom9040159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Although over 100 species of Curcuma are reported, only Curcuma longa is extensively studied. Curcuma raktakanda, a poorly studied species, is most commonly distributed in the Kerala state of India. For the first time, we examined the efficacy of different fractions (acetone, hexane, and ethyl acetate) of C. raktakanda against glioma, cervical, and breast cancer cell lines. As determined by mitochondrial reductase activity assay, the viability of cancer cells was decreased in a concentration-dependent manner by the three fractions. The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC-50) values after the treatment of C-6 glioma cells for 48 h was found to be 32.97 µg/mL (acetone extract), 40.63 µg/mL (hexane extract), and 51.65 µg/mL (ethyl acetate extract). Of the three fractions, the acetone fraction was more effective. The long-term colony formation of cancer cells was significantly suppressed by the acetone fraction. Analyses using DAPI (4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole) staining, AO/PI (acridine orange/propidium iodide) staining, DNA laddering, and sub-G1 population revealed that the acetone extract induced apoptosis in glioma cells. The extract induced reactive oxygen species generation and suppressed the expression of cell survival proteins. The migration of cancer cells was also suppressed by the acetone extract. The gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis indicated that tetracontane, dotriacontane, hexatriacontane, pentacosane, hexacosane, and eicosane are the major components in the acetone extract. Collectively, the extract from C. raktakanda exhibited anti-carcinogenic activities in cancer cells. We are exploring whether the phytoconstituents, individually, or collectively contribute to the anti-cancer activities of C. raktakanda.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shruti Mishra
- Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221 005, India.
| | - Sumit Singh Verma
- Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221 005, India.
| | - Vipin Rai
- Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221 005, India.
| | - Nikee Awasthee
- Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221 005, India.
| | - Jayadev S Arya
- CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Chemical Science and Technology Division, Organic Chemistry Section, Trivandrum-695019, India.
| | - Kaustabh K Maiti
- CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Chemical Science and Technology Division, Organic Chemistry Section, Trivandrum-695019, India.
| | - Subash C Gupta
- Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221 005, India.
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Yadav R, Rai A, Sonkar AK, Rai V, Gupta SC, Mishra L. A viscochromic, mechanochromic, and unsymmetrical azine for selective detection of Al3+ and Cu2+ ions and its mitotracking studies. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj06413j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
A mechanoresponsive, viscochromic, and unsymmetrical azine NDEA probes Al3+ and Cu2+ ions and also co-localizes in the mitochondria of C6 glioma cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richa Yadav
- Department of Chemistry
- Institute of Science
- Banaras Hindu University
- Varanasi
- India
| | - Abhishek Rai
- Department of Chemistry
- Institute of Science
- Banaras Hindu University
- Varanasi
- India
| | - Avinash Kumar Sonkar
- Department of Chemistry
- Institute of Science
- Banaras Hindu University
- Varanasi
- India
| | - Vipin Rai
- Department of Biochemistry
- Institute of Science
- Banaras Hindu University
- Varanasi
- India
| | - Subash Chandra Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry
- Institute of Science
- Banaras Hindu University
- Varanasi
- India
| | - Lallan Mishra
- Department of Chemistry
- Institute of Science
- Banaras Hindu University
- Varanasi
- India
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