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Chen Y, Méhes G, Liu B, Gao L, Cui M, Lin C, Hirono-Hara Y, Hara KY, Mitome N, Miyake T. Proton Logic Gate Based on a Gramicidin-ATP Synthase Integrated Biotransducer. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:7480-7488. [PMID: 38295806 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c15251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Ion channels are membrane proteins that allow ionic signals to pass through channel pores for biofunctional modulations. However, biodevices that integrate bidirectional biological signal transmission between a device and biological converter through supported lipid bilayers (SLBs) while simultaneously controlling the process are lacking. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to develop a hybrid biotransducer composed of ATP synthase and proton channel gramicidin A (gA), controlled by a sulfonated polyaniline (SPA) conducting polymer layer deposited on a microelectrode, and to simulate a model circuit for this system. We controlled proton transport across the gA channel using both electrical and chemical input signals by applying voltage to the SPA or introducing calcium ions (inhibitor) and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid molecules (inhibitor remover). The insertion of gA and ATP synthase into SLBs on microelectrodes resulted in an integrated biotransducer, in which the proton current was controlled by the flux of adenosine diphosphate molecules and calcium ions. Lastly, we created an XOR logic gate as an enzymatic logic system where the output proton current was controlled by Input A (ATP synthase) and Input B (calcium ions), making use of the unidirectional and bidirectional transmission of protons in ATP synthase and gA, respectively. We combined gA, ATP synthase, and SPA as a hybrid bioiontronics system to control bidirectional or unidirectional ion transport across SLBs in biotransducers. Thus, our findings are potentially relevant for a range of advanced biological and medical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukun Chen
- Graduate School of Information, Production and Systems, Waseda University, 2-7 Hibikino, Wakamatu, Kitakyushu 808-0135, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Gábor Méhes
- Graduate School of Information, Production and Systems, Waseda University, 2-7 Hibikino, Wakamatu, Kitakyushu 808-0135, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Bingfu Liu
- Graduate School of Information, Production and Systems, Waseda University, 2-7 Hibikino, Wakamatu, Kitakyushu 808-0135, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Liyun Gao
- Graduate School of Information, Production and Systems, Waseda University, 2-7 Hibikino, Wakamatu, Kitakyushu 808-0135, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Mingyin Cui
- Graduate School of Information, Production and Systems, Waseda University, 2-7 Hibikino, Wakamatu, Kitakyushu 808-0135, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Chenliang Lin
- Graduate School of Information, Production and Systems, Waseda University, 2-7 Hibikino, Wakamatu, Kitakyushu 808-0135, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoko Hirono-Hara
- Department of Environmental and Life Sciences, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Kiyotaka Y Hara
- Department of Environmental and Life Sciences, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Noriyo Mitome
- Faculty of Education, Tokoha University, 6-1 Yayoicho, Suruga, Shizuoka 422-8581, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Takeo Miyake
- Graduate School of Information, Production and Systems, Waseda University, 2-7 Hibikino, Wakamatu, Kitakyushu 808-0135, Fukuoka, Japan
- PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi 332-0012, Saitama, Japan
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Montalbo RCK, Tu HL. Micropatterning of functional lipid bilayer assays for quantitative bioanalysis. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2023; 17:031302. [PMID: 37179590 PMCID: PMC10171888 DOI: 10.1063/5.0145997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Interactions of the cell with its environment are mediated by the cell membrane and membrane-localized molecules. Supported lipid bilayers have enabled the recapitulation of the basic properties of cell membranes and have been broadly used to further our understanding of cellular behavior. Coupled with micropatterning techniques, lipid bilayer platforms have allowed for high throughput assays capable of performing quantitative analysis at a high spatiotemporal resolution. Here, an overview of the current methods of the lipid membrane patterning is presented. The fabrication and pattern characteristics are briefly described to present an idea of the quality and notable features of the methods, their utilizations for quantitative bioanalysis, as well as to highlight possible directions for the advanced micropatterning lipid membrane assays.
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Diederichs T, Tampé R. Membrane-Suspended Nanopores in Microchip Arrays for Stochastic Transport Recording and Sensing. FRONTIERS IN NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fnano.2021.703673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The transport of nutrients, xenobiotics, and signaling molecules across biological membranes is essential for life. As gatekeepers of cells, membrane proteins and nanopores are key targets in pharmaceutical research and industry. Multiple techniques help in elucidating, utilizing, or mimicking the function of biological membrane-embedded nanodevices. In particular, the use of DNA origami to construct simple nanopores based on the predictable folding of nucleotides provides a promising direction for innovative sensing and sequencing approaches. Knowledge of translocation characteristics is crucial to link structural design with function. Here, we summarize recent developments and compare features of membrane-embedded nanopores with solid-state analogues. We also describe how their translocation properties are characterized by microchip systems. The recently developed silicon chips, comprising solid-state nanopores of 80 nm connecting femtoliter cavities in combination with vesicle spreading and formation of nanopore-suspended membranes, will pave the way to characterize translocation properties of nanopores and membrane proteins in high-throughput and at single-transporter resolution.
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Komatsu T, Urano Y. Chemical toolbox for 'live' biochemistry to understand enzymatic functions in living systems. J Biochem 2020; 167:139-149. [PMID: 31553443 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvz074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In this review, we present an overview of the recent advances in chemical toolboxes that are used to provide insights into 'live' protein functions in living systems. Protein functions are mediated by various factors inside of cells, such as protein-protein interactions, posttranslational modifications, and they are also subject to environmental factors such as pH, redox states and crowding conditions. Obtaining a true understanding of protein functions in living systems is therefore a considerably difficult task. Recent advances in research tools have allowed us to consider 'live' biochemistry as a valid approach to precisely understand how proteins function in a live cell context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toru Komatsu
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Yasuteru Urano
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.,Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.,Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST) Investigator, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED), 1-7-1 Otemachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100-0004, Japan
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