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Kamba K, Wan L, Unzai S, Morishita R, Takaori-Kondo A, Nagata T, Katahira M. Direct inhibition of human APOBEC3 deaminases by HIV-1 Vif independent of the proteolysis pathway. Biophys J 2024; 123:294-306. [PMID: 38115583 PMCID: PMC10870137 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2023.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
HIV-1 Vif is known to counteract the antiviral activity of human apolipoprotein B mRNA-editing catalytic polypeptide-like (A3), a cytidine deaminase, in various ways. However, the precise mechanism behind this interaction has remained elusive. Within infected cells, Vif forms a complex called VβBCC, comprising CBFβ and the components of E3 ubiquitin ligase, Elongin B, Elongin C, and Cullin5. Together with the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme, VβBCC induces ubiquitination-mediated proteasomal degradation of A3. However, Vif exhibits additional counteractive effects. In this study, we elucidate that VβBCC inhibits deamination by A3G, A3F, and A3B independently of proteasomal degradation. Surprisingly, we discovered that this inhibition for A3G is directly attributed to the interaction between VβBCC and the C-terminal domain of A3G. Previously, it was believed that Vif did not interact with the C-terminal domain. Our findings suggest that inhibiting the interaction between VβBCC and the C-terminal domain, as well as the N-terminal domain known to be targeted for ubiquitination, of A3G may be needed to prevent counteraction by Vif.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Kamba
- Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Li Wan
- Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, Japan; Graduate School of Energy Science, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Satoru Unzai
- Department of Frontier Bioscience, Hosei University, Koganei, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryo Morishita
- CellFree Sciences Co., Ltd., Matsuyama, Ehime, Japan
| | - Akifumi Takaori-Kondo
- Department of Hematology and Oncology Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takashi Nagata
- Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, Japan; Graduate School of Energy Science, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Masato Katahira
- Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, Japan; Graduate School of Energy Science, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, Japan.
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