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Goldfine H. Plasmalogens in bacteria, sixty years on. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:962757. [PMID: 36452453 PMCID: PMC9702350 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.962757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The presence of plasmalogens in bacteria has been known for 60 years. The recent discovery of two genes encoding reductases that convert diacyl lipids to 1-alk-1'-enyl 2-acyl lipids has confirmed the derivation of plasmalogens from the corresponding diacyl lipids in bacteria. These genes are widely distributed in anaerobic and in some facultatively anaerobic bacteria. Plasmalogens evolved very early in the history of life on earth. Their persistence during eons of evolution suggests that they play a fundamental role in living organism. The phase behavior of plasmalogens and their conformation in membranes is discussed.
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Vogel V, Olari LR, Jachmann M, Reich SJ, Häring M, Kissmann AK, Rosenau F, Riedel CU, Münch J, Spellerberg B. The bacteriocin Angicin interferes with bacterial membrane integrity through interaction with the mannose phosphotransferase system. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:991145. [PMID: 36147850 PMCID: PMC9486217 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.991145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In a natural environment, bacteria are members of multispecies communities. To compete with rival species, bacteria produce antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), called bacteriocins. Bacteriocins are small, cationic, ribosomally synthesized peptides, which normally inhibit closely related species of the producing organism. Bacteriocin production is best studied in lactic bacteria (LAB). Streptococcus anginosus, belonging to LAB, produces the potent bacteriocin Angicin, which shows inhibitory activity against other streptococci, Listeria monocytogenes and vancomycin resistant Enterococcus faecium (VRE). Furthermore, Angicin shows a high resistance toward pH changes and heat, rendering it an interesting candidate for food preservation or clinical applications. The inhibitory activity of Angicin depends on the presence of a mannose phosphotransferase system (Man-PTS) in target cells, since L. monocytogenes harboring a deletion in an extracellular loop of this system is no longer sensitive to Angicin. Furthermore, we demonstrated by liposome leakage and pHluorin assays that Angicin destroys membrane integrity but shows only low cytotoxicity against human cell lines. In conclusion, we show that Angicin has a detrimental effect on the membrane of target organisms by using the Man-PTS as a receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena Vogel
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Lia-Raluca Olari
- Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Marie Jachmann
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Sebastian J. Reich
- Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Michelle Häring
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Frank Rosenau
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Christian U. Riedel
- Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Jan Münch
- Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Barbara Spellerberg
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
- *Correspondence: Barbara Spellerberg,
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Farizano JV, Díaz Vergara LI, Masias E, Baillo AA, Torino MI, Fadda S, Vanden Braber NL, Montenegro MA, Saavedra L, Minahk C. Biotechnological use of dairy by-products for the production and microencapsulation of the food preservative enterocin CRL35. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2022; 369:6553820. [PMID: 35325116 DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fnac033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacteriocins from Gram-positive bacteria have been proposed as natural food preservative and there is a need for large-scale production for commercial purposes. The aim of the present work is to evaluate whey, a cheese industrial by-product, for the production and microencapsulation of enterocin CRL35. Whey proved to be a promising basal medium for bacterial growth although the bacteriocin production was quite low. However, it could be much favored with the addition of yeast extract at concentrations as low as 0.5%. Besides improving bacteriocin production, this peptide was successfully microencapsulated by spray drying using whey protein concentrate and a chitosan derivative as wall materials. Microcapsules averaging 10 ± 5 μm diameter were obtained, with good structural integrity and high antimicrobial activity with a stability of at least 12 weeks at 4°C. In summary, sustainable bacteriocin production and microencapsulation was achieved recycling whey or its derivatives. In addition, the formulation owns high antimicrobial activity with a long shelf life. The development of a food preservative may represent a green solution for handling whey.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan V Farizano
- Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas (INSIBIO), CONICET-UNT, and Instituto de Química Biológica "Dr. Bernabé Bloj", Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia, UNT. Chacabuco 461, T4000ILI - San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Ladislao I Díaz Vergara
- Centro de Investigaciones y Transferencia de Villa María (CITVM-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Villa María, Campus Universitario, Arturo Jauretche 1555, Villa María, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Emilse Masias
- Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas (INSIBIO), CONICET-UNT, and Instituto de Química Biológica "Dr. Bernabé Bloj", Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia, UNT. Chacabuco 461, T4000ILI - San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Ayelén A Baillo
- Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (CERELA-CONICET), Chacabuco 145. San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
| | - María I Torino
- Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (CERELA-CONICET), Chacabuco 145. San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Silvina Fadda
- Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (CERELA-CONICET), Chacabuco 145. San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Noelia L Vanden Braber
- Centro de Investigaciones y Transferencia de Villa María (CITVM-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Villa María, Campus Universitario, Arturo Jauretche 1555, Villa María, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Mariana A Montenegro
- Centro de Investigaciones y Transferencia de Villa María (CITVM-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Villa María, Campus Universitario, Arturo Jauretche 1555, Villa María, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Lucila Saavedra
- Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (CERELA-CONICET), Chacabuco 145. San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Carlos Minahk
- Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas (INSIBIO), CONICET-UNT, and Instituto de Química Biológica "Dr. Bernabé Bloj", Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia, UNT. Chacabuco 461, T4000ILI - San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
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Current status and potentiality of class II bacteriocins from lactic acid bacteria: structure, mode of action and applications in the food industry. Trends Food Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2022.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Stincone P, Comerlato CB, Brandelli A. Proteomic analysis of Listeria monocytogenes exposed to free and nanostructured antimicrobial lipopeptides. Mol Omics 2021; 17:426-437. [PMID: 33735358 DOI: 10.1039/d0mo00178c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
In this work, the effect of antimicrobial lipopeptide P34 on Listeria monocytogenes was evaluated for the first time through a proteomics approach. Bacteria were treated with sub-lethal doses of peptide P34 (F-P34) and P34 encapsulated into nanoliposomes (N-P34), while empty nanoliposomes (NE) and fresh buffer were used as controls. The proteomic analysis allowed the detection of one group of proteins commonly differentially represented in response to free and encapsulated P34 exposure. A second group of proteins was found to be exclusively differentially represented after exposure with encapsulated P34 only. The antimicrobial peptide P34 caused a significant downregulation of proteins associated with the transport of manganese and the over-representation of proteins related with iron transport in L. monocytogenes. In addition, reduction of stress tolerance proteins related to the σB and VirR regulons, together with the modulation of phosphoenolpyruvate phosphotransferase systems (PTS) for sugar transport were observed. The sugar and oligopeptide transporters regulated by antimicrobial action may influence the key virulence factor PrfA, reducing the pathogenicity of this microorganism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Stincone
- Laboratório de Bioquímica e Microbiologia Aplicada, Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500, 91501-970 Porto Alegre, Brazil.
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Ríos Colombo NS, Chalón MC, Dupuy FG, Gonzalez CF, Bellomio A. The case for class II bacteriocins: A biophysical approach using "suicide probes" in receptor-free hosts to study their mechanism of action. Biochimie 2019; 165:183-195. [PMID: 31381962 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2019.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Class II bacteriocins are unmodified membrane-active peptides that act over a narrow spectrum of target bacteria. They bind a specific receptor protein on the membrane to form a pore, leading to membrane permeabilization and cell death. However, little is known about the molecular events triggering the pore formation after the bacteriocin recognizes the receptor. It is not clear yet if the pore is the same receptor forced into an open conformation or if the pore results from the bacteriocin insertion and oligomeric assembly in the lipid bilayer. In order to reveal which model is more suitable to explain the toxicity mechanism, in this work we use chimeric peptides, resulting from the fusion of the bitopic membrane protein EtpM with different class II bacteriocins: enterocin CRL35, pediocin PA-1 and microcin V. E. coli strains lacking the specific receptors for these bacteriocins were chosen as expression hosts. As these constructs display a lethal effect when they are heterologously expressed, they are called "suicide probes". The results suggest that, indeed, the specific receptor would act as a docking molecule more than as a structural piece of the pore, as long as the bacteriocin is somehow anchored to the membrane. These set of chimeric peptides also represent an in vivo system that allows to study the interaction of the bacteriocins with real bacterial membranes, instead of model membranes. Hence, the effects of these suicide probes in membrane fluidity and transmembrane potential were also assessed, using fluorescence spectroscopy. The data show that the different suicide probes are able to increase phospholipid order and depolarize the membranes of receptor-free bacterial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- N S Ríos Colombo
- Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas (INSIBIO), CONICET-UNT and Instituto de Química Biológica "Dr. Bernabé Bloj", Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia, UNT, Chacabuco 461, San Miguel de Tucumán, T4000ILI, Argentina
| | - M C Chalón
- Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas (INSIBIO), CONICET-UNT and Instituto de Química Biológica "Dr. Bernabé Bloj", Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia, UNT, Chacabuco 461, San Miguel de Tucumán, T4000ILI, Argentina
| | - F G Dupuy
- Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas (INSIBIO), CONICET-UNT and Instituto de Química Biológica "Dr. Bernabé Bloj", Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia, UNT, Chacabuco 461, San Miguel de Tucumán, T4000ILI, Argentina
| | - C F Gonzalez
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, Genetics Institute, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, 2033 Mowry road, PO Box 103610, Gainesville, FL, 32610-3610, USA
| | - A Bellomio
- Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas (INSIBIO), CONICET-UNT and Instituto de Química Biológica "Dr. Bernabé Bloj", Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia, UNT, Chacabuco 461, San Miguel de Tucumán, T4000ILI, Argentina.
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