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Roesch A, Windisch R, Wichmann C, Wolkers WF, Kersten G, Menzen T. Osmotic properties of T cells determined by flow imaging microscopy in comparison to electrical sensing zone analysis. Cryobiology 2023; 113:104587. [PMID: 37783264 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2023.104587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
To develop cryopreservation methods for cell-based medicinal products it is important to understand osmotic responses of cells upon immersion into solutions with cryoprotective agents (CPAs) and during freezing. The aim of this study was to assess the osmotic response of T cells by using flow imaging microscopy (FIM) as a novel cell-sizing technique, and to corroborate the findings with electrical impedance measurements conducted on a Coulter counter. Jurkat cells were used as a potential model cell line for primary T cells. Cell volume responses were used to derive important cell parameters for cryopreservation such as the osmotically inactive cell volume Vb and the membrane permeability towards water and various CPAs. Unlike Coulter counter measurement, FIM, combined with Trypan blue staining can differentiate between viable and dead cells, which yields a more accurate estimation of Vb. Membrane permeabilities to water, dimethyl sulfoxide (Me2SO) and glycerol were measured for Jurkat cells at different temperatures. The permeation of Me2SO into the cells was faster in comparison to glycerol. CPA permeation decreased with decreasing temperature following Arrhenius behavior. Moreover, membrane permeability to water decreased in the presence of CPAs. Vb of Jurkat cells was found to be 49% of the isotonic volume and comparable to that of primary T cells. FIM proved to be a valuable tool to determine the membrane permeability parameters of mammalian cells to water and cryoprotective agents, which in turn can be used to rationally design CPA loading procedures for cryopreservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Roesch
- Coriolis Pharma, Fraunhoferstr. 18 b, 82152, Martinsried, Germany; Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research (LACDR), Leiden University, PO Box 9502, 2300, RA, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Roland Windisch
- Division of Transfusion Medicine, Cell Therapeutics and Haemostaseology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Wichmann
- Division of Transfusion Medicine, Cell Therapeutics and Haemostaseology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Willem F Wolkers
- Unit for Reproductive Medicine - Clinic for Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany; Biostabilization Laboratory - Lower Saxony Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Gideon Kersten
- Coriolis Pharma, Fraunhoferstr. 18 b, 82152, Martinsried, Germany; Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research (LACDR), Leiden University, PO Box 9502, 2300, RA, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Tim Menzen
- Coriolis Pharma, Fraunhoferstr. 18 b, 82152, Martinsried, Germany.
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Higgins AZ, Lavarti R, Eroglu B, Ahmadkhani N, Benson JD, Eroglu A. Permeation of individual cryoprotectants and their different combinations into mouse liver tissue. Cryobiology 2023; 111:26-29. [PMID: 36934956 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2023.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
Development of successful tissue cryopreservation methods requires specific knowledge regarding tissue permeation of individual cryoprotective agents (CPAs) and their combinations. The present study assessed the permeation of dimethyl sulfoxide, ethylene glycol, and propylene glycol into liver tissue, and addressed whether the diffusion coefficient of individual CPAs changes when combining CPAs. To do this, mouse liver slices were exposed at room temperature to 3.5 mol/L concentrations of CPAs individually or in combination for 15, 30, 45, and 60 minutes. Subsequently, tissue CPA concentrations were determined using a gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) method. Our results show that (1) the GC/MS method allows measurement of multiple CPA concentrations in a single small tissue sample, (2) dimethyl sulfoxide has a higher diffusion coefficient than ethylene glycol and propylene glycol, and (3) the CPA diffusivity appears to decrease in mixtures with multiple CPAs. These findings may help the development of effective tissue cryopreservation methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Z Higgins
- School of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Rupa Lavarti
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia - Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Binnur Eroglu
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia - Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Nima Ahmadkhani
- School of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - James D Benson
- Department of Biology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Ali Eroglu
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia - Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.
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Okotrub KA, Okotrub SV, Mokrousova VI, Amstislavsky SY, Surovtsev NV. Lipid phase transitions in cat oocytes supplemented with deuterated fatty acids. Biophys J 2021; 120:5619-5630. [PMID: 34767788 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2021.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Cryopreservation of oocytes has already been used to preserve genetic resources, but this technology faces limitations when applied to the species whose oocytes contain large amounts of cytoplasmic lipid droplets. Although cryoinjuries in such oocytes are usually associated with the lipid phase transition in lipid droplets, this phenomenon is still poorly understood. We applied Raman spectroscopy of deuterium-labeled lipids to investigate the freezing of lipid droplets inside cat oocytes. Lipid phase separation was detected in oocytes cryopreserved by slow-freezing protocol. For oocytes supplemented with stearic acid, we found that saturated lipids form the ordered phase being distributed at the periphery of lipid droplets. When an oocyte is warmed to physiological temperatures after cooling, a fraction of saturated lipids may remain in the ordered conformational state. The fractions of monounsaturated and polyunsaturated lipids redistribute to the core of lipid droplets. Monounsaturated lipids undergo the transition to the ordered conformational state below -10°C. Using deuterated fatty acids with a different number of double bonds, we reveal how different lipid fractions are involved in the lipid phase transition of a cytoplasmic lipid droplet and how they can affect cell survival. Raman spectroscopy of deuterated lipids has proven to be a promising tool for studying the lipid phase transitions and lipid redistributions inside single organelles within living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantin A Okotrub
- Institute of Automation and Electrometry, the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia.
| | - Svetlana V Okotrub
- Institute of Automation and Electrometry, the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia; Institute of Cytology and Genetics, the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Valentina I Mokrousova
- Institute of Automation and Electrometry, the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia; Institute of Cytology and Genetics, the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Sergei Y Amstislavsky
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Nikolay V Surovtsev
- Institute of Automation and Electrometry, the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
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Angel-Velez D, De Coster T, Azari-Dolatabad N, Fernandez-Montoro A, Benedetti C, Bogado Pascottini O, Woelders H, Van Soom A, Smits K. New Alternative Mixtures of Cryoprotectants for Equine Immature Oocyte Vitrification. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11113077. [PMID: 34827809 PMCID: PMC8614364 DOI: 10.3390/ani11113077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Oocyte cryopreservation allows female gametes to be conserved for long periods, which would be of benefit for mares of high genetic merit, but its efficiency is not satisfactory yet. Therefore, the aim of this study was to optimize a vitrification protocol for equine oocytes using a systematic approach. We performed a side-by-side comparison of different cryoprotective agents (CPAs) during the vitrification and warming of equine oocytes. In the first experiment, a fixed mixture of CPAs that enter the oocyte was used, and three sugars were compared, which cannot penetrate the oocyte but provide protection through an osmotic effect. In the second experiment, one sugar from the first experiment was selected to compare three mixtures of CPAs that enter the oocyte. Overall, the embryo development was reduced after oocyte cryopreservation when compared to fresh oocytes. Yet, we were able to produce embryos with all six cryoprotective agent mixtures, and we identified one promising combination of cryoprotectants, consisting of propylene glycol, ethylene glycol, and galactose, that resulted in blastocyst rates in the same range as the fresh control group. Abstract Equine oocyte vitrification would benefit the growing in vitro embryo production programs, but further optimization of the protocol is necessary to reach clinical efficiency. Therefore, we aimed to perform a direct comparison of non-permeating and permeating cryoprotective agents (CPAs) during the vitrification and warming of equine immature oocytes. In the first experiment, cumulus oocytes complexes (COCs) were vitrified comparing sucrose, trehalose, and galactose in combination with ethylene glycol (EG) and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). In the second experiment, the COCs were vitrified using three mixtures of permeating CPAs in a 50:50 volume ratio (ethylene glycol-dimethyl sulfoxide (ED), propylene glycol-ethylene glycol (PE), and propylene glycol-dimethyl sulfoxide (PD)) with galactose and warmed in different galactose concentrations (0.3 or 0.5 mol/L). Overall, all the treatments supported blastocyst formation, but the developmental rates were lower for all the vitrified groups in the first (4.3 to 7.6%) and the second (3.5 to 9.4%) experiment compared to the control (26.5 and 34.2%, respectively; p < 0.01). In the first experiment, the maturation was not affected by vitrification. The sucrose exhibited lower cleavage than the control (p = 0.02). Although the galactose tended to have lower maturation than trehalose (p = 0.060) and control (p = 0.069), the highest numerical cleavage and blastocyst rates were obtained with this CPA. In the second experiment, the maturation, cleavage, and blastocyst rates were similar between the treatments. Compared to the control, only the ED reached similar maturation (p = 0.02) and PE similar cleavage (p = 0.1). The galactose concentration during warming did not affect the maturation, cleavage, or blastocyst rates (p > 0.1), but the PE-0.3 exhibited the highest blastocyst rate (15.1%) among the treatments, being the only one comparable to the control (34.2%). As such, PE–galactose provides a valuable option for equine immature oocyte vitrification and should be considered for the future optimization of the protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Angel-Velez
- Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium; (T.D.C.); (N.A.-D.); (A.F.-M.); (C.B.); (O.B.P.); (A.V.S.); (K.S.)
- Research Group in Animal Sciences—INCA-CES, Universidad CES, Medellin 050021, Colombia
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +32-4-5614-4543
| | - Tine De Coster
- Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium; (T.D.C.); (N.A.-D.); (A.F.-M.); (C.B.); (O.B.P.); (A.V.S.); (K.S.)
| | - Nima Azari-Dolatabad
- Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium; (T.D.C.); (N.A.-D.); (A.F.-M.); (C.B.); (O.B.P.); (A.V.S.); (K.S.)
| | - Andrea Fernandez-Montoro
- Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium; (T.D.C.); (N.A.-D.); (A.F.-M.); (C.B.); (O.B.P.); (A.V.S.); (K.S.)
| | - Camilla Benedetti
- Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium; (T.D.C.); (N.A.-D.); (A.F.-M.); (C.B.); (O.B.P.); (A.V.S.); (K.S.)
| | - Osvaldo Bogado Pascottini
- Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium; (T.D.C.); (N.A.-D.); (A.F.-M.); (C.B.); (O.B.P.); (A.V.S.); (K.S.)
- Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Henri Woelders
- Wageningen Livestock Research, Wageningen University and Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands;
| | - Ann Van Soom
- Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium; (T.D.C.); (N.A.-D.); (A.F.-M.); (C.B.); (O.B.P.); (A.V.S.); (K.S.)
| | - Katrien Smits
- Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium; (T.D.C.); (N.A.-D.); (A.F.-M.); (C.B.); (O.B.P.); (A.V.S.); (K.S.)
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Içli S, Soleimani M, Oldenhof H, Sieme H, Wriggers P, Wolkers WF. Loading equine oocytes with cryoprotective agents captured with a finite element method model. Sci Rep 2021; 11:19812. [PMID: 34615933 PMCID: PMC8494918 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-99287-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cryopreservation can be used to store equine oocytes for extended periods so that they can be used in artificial reproduction technologies at a desired time point. It requires use of cryoprotective agents (CPAs) to protect the oocytes against freezing injury. The intracellular introduction of CPAs, however, may cause irreversible osmotic damage. The response of cells exposed to CPA solutions is governed by the permeability of the cellular membrane towards water and the CPAs. In this study, a mathematical mass transport model describing the permeation of water and CPAs across an oocyte membrane was used to simulate oocyte volume responses and concomitant intracellular CPA concentrations during the exposure of oocytes to CPA solutions. The results of the analytical simulations were subsequently used to develop a phenomenological finite element method (FEM) continuum model to capture the response of oocytes exposed to CPA solutions with spatial information. FEM simulations were used to depict spatial differences in CPA concentration during CPA permeation, namely at locations near the membrane surface and towards the middle of the cell, and to capture corresponding changes in deformation and hydrostatic pressure. FEM simulations of the multiple processes occurring during CPA loading of oocytes are a valuable tool to increase our understanding of the mechanisms underlying cryopreservation outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sercan Içli
- Biostabilization Laboratory - Lower Saxony Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development, NIFE, Stadtfelddamm 34, 30625, Hannover, Germany
- Unit for Reproductive Medicine - Clinic for Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Meisam Soleimani
- Institute of Continuum Mechanics, Leibniz University Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Harriëtte Oldenhof
- Unit for Reproductive Medicine - Clinic for Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Harald Sieme
- Unit for Reproductive Medicine - Clinic for Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Peter Wriggers
- Institute of Continuum Mechanics, Leibniz University Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Willem F Wolkers
- Biostabilization Laboratory - Lower Saxony Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development, NIFE, Stadtfelddamm 34, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
- Unit for Reproductive Medicine - Clinic for Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany.
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