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Manav N, Jit BP, Kataria B, Sharma A. Cellular and epigenetic perspective of protein stability and its implications in the biological system. Epigenomics 2024:1-22. [PMID: 38884355 DOI: 10.1080/17501911.2024.2351788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Protein stability is a fundamental prerequisite in both experimental and therapeutic applications. Current advancements in high throughput experimental techniques and functional ontology approaches have elucidated that impairment in the structure and stability of proteins is intricately associated with the cause and cure of several diseases. Therefore, it is paramount to deeply understand the physical and molecular confounding factors governing the stability of proteins. In this review article, we comprehensively investigated the evolution of protein stability, examining its emergence over time, its relationship with organizational aspects and the experimental methods used to understand it. Furthermore, we have also emphasized the role of Epigenetics and its interplay with post-translational modifications (PTMs) in regulating the stability of proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisha Manav
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi, Ansari Nagar, 110029, India
| | - Bimal Prasad Jit
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi, Ansari Nagar, 110029, India
| | - Babita Kataria
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Institute, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jhajjar, 124105, India
| | - Ashok Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi, Ansari Nagar, 110029, India
- Department of Biochemistry, National Cancer Institute, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jhajjar, 124105, India
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Malhotra L, Kaur P, Ethayathulla AS. Flavonoids as potential reactivators of structural mutation p53Y220C by computational and cell-based studies. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023:1-12. [PMID: 37643005 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2252071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
The p53 Y220C is one of the most frequently observed structural mutants in various human cancers. The substitution of residue Tyr to Cys makes the p53 DNA binding domain susceptible to solvent entry into the hydrophobic core of the domain thereby destabilizing p53, which results in loss of its tumor suppressor activity. The mutation creates a structural crevice at the region between S3/S4 and S7/S8 loops in the DNA binding domain which can be targeted by small molecules. Studies have shown that the synthetic and natural compounds could bind to this crevice and restore the structure and function of the mutant p53Y220C to the wild type. In our previous study, we have shown Curcumin could rescue the function of mutant p53Y220C in pancreatic cancer cell line BxPC-3 harboring genomic mutation. In this study, we explored six flavonoids structurally similar to Curcumin such as Apigenin, Isoliquiritigenin, Liquiritigenin, Luteolin, Methylophiopogonanone A (MPA), and Methylophiopogonanone B (MPB) to test their potency to restore p53Y220C by molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulations and cytotoxicity assay. The secondary structure analysis after the MD simulations suggested that these compounds could stabilize the mutant p53 DNA binding domain to the wild type. In the cell-based cytotoxicity studies using p53Y220C harbouring BxPC-3 cell lines, the compounds MPA and MPB showed 75% cell death at 100 µM concentration. We proposed that the flavonoids MPA and MPB have the therapeutic potential to restore p53Y220C and could be used as a combinatorial therapy to reduce the dosage burden.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lakshay Malhotra
- Department of Biophysics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
- Department of Biochemistry, Sri Venkateswara College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Punit Kaur
- Department of Biophysics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Wang W, Li M, Wang L, Chen L, Goh BC. Curcumin in cancer therapy: Exploring molecular mechanisms and overcoming clinical challenges. Cancer Lett 2023; 570:216332. [PMID: 37541540 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2023.216332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
Cancer poses a significant global health burden, necessitating the widespread use of chemotherapy and radiotherapy as conventional frontline interventions. Although targeted therapy and immunotherapy have shown remarkable advancements, the challenges of resistance development and severe side effects persist in cancer treatment. Consequently, researchers have actively sought more effective alternatives with improved safety profiles. In recent years, curcumin, a natural polyphenolic phytoalexin, has garnered considerable attention due to its broad spectrum of biological effects. This concise review provides valuable insights into the role of curcumin in cancer therapy, with a focus on elucidating its molecular mechanisms in inducing programmed cell death of tumor cells and suppressing tumor cell metastasis potential. Additionally, we discuss the challenges associated with the clinical application of curcumin and explore current endeavors aimed at overcoming these limitations. By shedding light on the promising potential of curcumin, this review contributes to the advancement of cancer treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Mingqin Li
- Department of Medical Cardiology, Zhongxiang TCM Hospital of Hubei, Zhongxiang, 431900, China
| | - Lingzhi Wang
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117599, Singapore; Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117600, Singapore; National University Cancer Institute, National University of Singapore, 119074, Singapore; NUS Center for Cancer Research (N2CR), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117599, Singapore.
| | - Lu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Boon-Cher Goh
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117599, Singapore; Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117600, Singapore; National University Cancer Institute, National University of Singapore, 119074, Singapore; NUS Center for Cancer Research (N2CR), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117599, Singapore; Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
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Sharma S, Malhotra L, Mukherjee P, Kaur N, Krishanlata T, Srikanth CV, Mishra V, Banerjee BD, Ethayathulla AS, Sharma RS. Putative interactions between transthyretin and endosulfan II and its relevance in breast cancer. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 235:123670. [PMID: 36796556 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
The unregulated use of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) has been linked to spread of breast cancer (BC), but the underlying biomolecular interactions are unknown. Using a case-control study, we compared OCP blood levels and protein signatures among BC patients. Five pesticides were found in significantly higher concentrations in breast cancer patients than in healthy controls: p',p' dichloro diphenyl trichloroethane (DDT), p'p' dichloro diphenyl dichloroethane (DDD), endosulfan II, delta-hexachlorocyclohexane (dHCH), and heptachlor epoxide A (HTEA). According to the odds ratio analysis, these OCPs, which have been banned for decades, continue to raise the risk of cancer in Indian women. Proteomic analysis of plasma from estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer patients revealed 17 dysregulated proteins, but transthyretin (TTR) was three times higher than in healthy controls, which is further validated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). Molecular docking and molecular dynamics studies revealed a competitive affinity between endosulfan II and the thyroxine-binding site of TTR, pointing towards the significance of the competition between thyroxin and endosulfan, resulting in endocrine disruption leading to breast cancer. Our study sheds light on the putative role of TTR in OCP-mediated BC, but more research is needed to decipher the underlying mechanisms that can be used to prevent the carcinogenic effects of these pesticides on women's health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saurabh Sharma
- Bioresources and Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Environmental Studies, University of Delhi, Delhi 110 007, India; Department of Biophysics, All India Institutes of Medial, Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Lakshay Malhotra
- Department of Biophysics, All India Institutes of Medial, Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Paromita Mukherjee
- Bioresources and Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Environmental Studies, University of Delhi, Delhi 110 007, India
| | - Navneet Kaur
- Department of Surgery, University College of Medical Sciences, GTB Hospital, Delhi 110095, India
| | - Thammineni Krishanlata
- Environmental Biochemistry & Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, University College of Medical Sciences, University of Delhi, Delhi 110095, India
| | - Chittur V Srikanth
- Regional Centre for Biotechnology, 3 (rd) milestones, Gurgaon-Faridabad Expressway, Faridabad 121001, India
| | - Vandana Mishra
- Bioresources and Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Environmental Studies, University of Delhi, Delhi 110 007, India; Centre for Inter-disciplinary Studies of Mountain & Hill Environment (CISMHE), University of Delhi, Delhi, India.
| | - Basu Dev Banerjee
- Environmental Biochemistry & Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, University College of Medical Sciences, University of Delhi, Delhi 110095, India.
| | | | - Radhey Shyam Sharma
- Bioresources and Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Environmental Studies, University of Delhi, Delhi 110 007, India; Delhi School of Climate Change & Sustainability, Institute of Eminence, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India.
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Malhotra L, Sharma S, Hariprasad G, Dhingra R, Mishra V, Sharma RS, Kaur P, Ethayathulla AS. Mechanism of apoptosis activation by Curcumin rescued mutant p53Y220C in human pancreatic cancer. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2022; 1869:119343. [PMID: 36007676 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2022.119343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The mutant p53Y220C (mutp53Y220C) is frequently observed in numerous tumors, including pancreatic cancer. The mutation creates a crevice in the DNA binding core domain and makes p53 a thermally unstable non-functional protein that assists tumor progression and confers resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs. Restoring mutp53 function to its wild type by selectively targeting this crevice with small molecules is a pivotal strategy to promote apoptosis. In this study, we have shown through different biophysical and cell-based studies that curcumin binds and rescues mutp53Y220C to an active wild-type conformation and restores its apoptotic transcription function in BxPC-3-pancreatic cancer cells. In addition, the curcumin-rescued-p53Y220C (CRp53) showed significant hyperphosphorylation at Ser15, Ser20, and acetylation at Lys382 with an 8-fold increase in transcription activity in the BxPC-3 cell lines. We also observed that the active CRp53 escapes Mdm2-mediated proteasomal degradation and the majority of the proteins were localized inside the nucleus with an increased half-life and transcription restoration compared to untreated BxPC-3 cells. By label-free proteomics analysis, we observed that upon curcumin treatment almost 227 proteins were dysregulated with the majority of them being transcriptional targets of p53. Based on our studies, it reflects that apoptosis in pancreatic cancer cells is mediated by curcumin-rescued mutant p53Y220C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lakshay Malhotra
- Department of Biophysics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Saurabh Sharma
- Department of Biophysics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Gururao Hariprasad
- Department of Biophysics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Renu Dhingra
- Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Vandana Mishra
- Bioresources and Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Environmental Studies, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Radhey S Sharma
- Bioresources and Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Environmental Studies, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Punit Kaur
- Department of Biophysics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Abdul S Ethayathulla
- Department of Biophysics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India.
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He X, Wang N, Zhang Y, Huang X, Wang Y. The therapeutic potential of natural products for treating pancreatic cancer. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1051952. [PMID: 36408249 PMCID: PMC9666876 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1051952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is one of the most malignant tumors of the digestive tract, with the poor prognosis and low 5-year survival rate less than 10%. Although surgical resection and chemotherapy as gemcitabine (first-line treatment) has been applied to the pancreatic cancer patients, the overall survival rates of pancreatic cancer are quite low due to drug resistance. Therefore, it is of urgent need to develop alternative strategies for its treatment. In this review, we summarized the major herbal drugs and metabolites, including curcumin, triptolide, Panax Notoginseng Saponins and their metabolites etc. These compounds with antioxidant, anti-angiogenic and anti-metastatic activities can inhibit the progression and metastasis of pancreatic cancer. Expecting to provide comprehensive information of potential natural products, our review provides valuable information and strategies for pancreatic cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia He
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Surgery, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaobo Huang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaobo Huang, ; Yi Wang,
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaobo Huang, ; Yi Wang,
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Huang Q, Zhang Y, Zheng Y, Yang H, Yang Y, Mo Y, Li L, Zhang H. Molecular Mechanism of Curcumin and Its Analogs as Multifunctional Compounds against Pancreatic Cancer. Nutr Cancer 2022; 74:3096-3108. [PMID: 35583289 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2022.2071451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the most common malignant tumors with a poor prognosis and high mortality. Surgical resection is the most effective treatment for PC; however, only a minority of patients have resectable tumors. Chemotherapy is the primary treatment for PC. Curcumin is a natural chemical substance obtained from plants with a wide range of pharmacological activities. Research evidence suggests that curcumin can influence PC development through multiple molecular mechanisms. The synthesis of novel curcumin analogs and preparation of curcumin nano-formulations are effective strategies to overcome the low bioavailability of curcumin in the treatment of PC. This review aims to summarize the mechanisms of action of curcumin in preclinical and clinical studies on PC and research progress in enhancing its bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qun Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ya Zhang
- Endocrinology Department, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanlin Zheng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongjing Yang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ya Mo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Liuying Li
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Zigong City, Zigong, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Emergency Department, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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