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Foroughi M, Medina Inojosa JR, Lopez-Jimenez F, Saeidifard F, Suarez L, Stokin GB, Prieto ML, Rocca WA, Frye MA, Morgan RJ. Association of Bipolar Disorder With Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events: A Population-Based Historical Cohort Study. Psychosom Med 2022; 84:97-103. [PMID: 34611111 PMCID: PMC8678204 DOI: 10.1097/psy.0000000000001017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to assess the association of bipolar disorder (BD) with risk of major adverse cardiac events (MACEs) after adjusting for established cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. METHODS We conducted a population-based historical cohort study using the Rochester Epidemiology Project. Patients older than 30 years with a clinical encounter from 1998 to 2000 with no prior MACE, atrial fibrillation, or heart failure were followed up through March 1, 2016. BD diagnosis was validated by chart review. Cox proportional hazards regression models were adjusted for established CVD risk factors, alcohol use disorder, other substance use disorders (SUDs), and major depressive disorder (MDD). RESULTS The cohort included 288 individuals with BD (0.81%) and 35,326 individuals without BD as the reference group (Ref). Median (interquartile range) follow-up was 16.5 (14.6-17.5) years. A total of 5636 MACE events occurred (BD, 59; Ref, 5577). Survival analysis showed an association between BD and MACE (median event-free-survival rates: BD, 0.80; Ref, 0.86; log-rank p = .018). Multivariate regression adjusting for age and sex also yielded an association between BD and MACE (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.93; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.43-2.52; p < .001). The association remained significant after further adjusting for smoking, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and body mass index (HR = 1.66; 95% CI = 1.17-2.28; p = .006), and for alcohol use disorder, SUD, and MDD (HR = 1.56; 95% CI = 1.09-2.14; p = .010). CONCLUSIONS In this study, BD was associated with an increased risk of MACE, which persisted after adjusting for established CVD risk factors, SUDs, and MDD. These results suggest that BD is an independent risk factor for major clinical cardiac disease outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moein Foroughi
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY
| | - Jose R. Medina Inojosa
- Division of Preventive Cardiology, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Francisco Lopez-Jimenez
- Division of Preventive Cardiology, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Farzane Saeidifard
- Division of Preventive Cardiology, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
- Department of Medicine, Northwell Health – Lenox Hill Hospital, New York, NY
| | - Laura Suarez
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Gorazd B. Stokin
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne’s University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Miguel L. Prieto
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
- Mental Health Service, Clínica Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Walter A. Rocca
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Health Sciences Research and Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Mark A. Frye
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Robert J. Morgan
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
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Tárraga WA, Falomir-Lockhart LJ, Garda HA, González MC. Analysis of pyrene-labelled apolipoprotein A-I oligomerization in solution: Spectra deconvolution and changes in P-value and excimer formation. Arch Biochem Biophys 2021; 699:108748. [PMID: 33444627 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2020.108748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
ApoA-I is the main protein of HDL which has anti-atherogenic properties attributed to reverse cholesterol transport. It shares with other exchangeable apolipoproteins a high level of structural plasticity. In the lipid-free state, the apolipoprotein amphipathic α-helices interact intra- and inter-molecularly, providing structural stabilization by a complex self-association mechanism. In this study, we employed a multi-parametric fluorescent probe to study the self-association of apoA-I. We constructed six single cysteine mutants spanning positions along three helices: F104C, K107C (H4), K133C, L137C (H5), F225C and K226C (H10); and labelled them with N-Maleimide Pyrene. Taking advantage of its spectral properties, namely formation of an excited dimer (excimer) and polarity-dependent changes in its fluorescence fine structure (P-value), we monitored the apoA-I self-association in its lipid-free form as a function of its concentration. Interactions in helices H5 (K133C) and H10 (F225C and K226C) were highlighted by excimer emission; while polarity changes were reported in helix H4 (K107C), as well as in helices H5 and H10. Mathematical models were developed to enrich data analysis and estimate association constants (KA) and oligomeric species distribution. Furthermore, we briefly discuss the usefulness of the multi-parametric fluorescent probe to monitor different equilibria, even at a single labelling position. Results suggest that apoA-I self-association must be considered to fully understand its physiological roles. Particularly, some contacts that stabilize discoidal HDL particles seem to be already present in the lipid-free apoA-I oligomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilson A Tárraga
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímica de La Plata (INIBIOLP), Centro Científico Tecnológico-La Plata, Calle 60 y 120 s/n, 1900, La Plata, Argentina.
| | - Lisandro J Falomir-Lockhart
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímica de La Plata (INIBIOLP), Centro Científico Tecnológico-La Plata, Calle 60 y 120 s/n, 1900, La Plata, Argentina; Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Calle 47 y 115 s/n, 1900, La Plata, Argentina.
| | - Horacio A Garda
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímica de La Plata (INIBIOLP), Centro Científico Tecnológico-La Plata, Calle 60 y 120 s/n, 1900, La Plata, Argentina; Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Calle 60 y 120 s/n, 1900, La Plata, Argentina.
| | - Marina C González
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímica de La Plata (INIBIOLP), Centro Científico Tecnológico-La Plata, Calle 60 y 120 s/n, 1900, La Plata, Argentina; Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Calle 60 y 120 s/n, 1900, La Plata, Argentina.
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Chang CT, Lim YP, Lee CW, Liao HY, Chen FY, Chang CM, Tang FY, Yang CY, Chen CJ. PON-1 carbamylation is enhanced in HDL of uremia patients. J Food Drug Anal 2019; 27:542-550. [PMID: 30987726 PMCID: PMC9296198 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfda.2018.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Revised: 09/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
High-density lipoprotein (HDL) carbamylation has been known in uremia patients. Paraoxonase-1 (PON-1) is an important HDL protein responsible for HDL anti-oxidant, arylesterase and lactonase activities. PON-1 carbamylation in uremic HDL has never been explored. We isolated HDL from uremia patients and control healthy subjects for study. Sandwich ELISA was used to estimate carbamylated PON-1 protein expression in HDL, and nanoflow liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (nanoLC-MS/MS) was applied to identify the amino acid in PON-1 carbamylated. PON-1 enzyme activities were estimated by substrates conversion method. HDL anti-oxidant activity was gauged by fluorescence changes of indicator dye in the presence of H2O2. Our study results proved that the degree of PON-1 carbamylation was higher in uremic HDL than in control HDL. Sandwich ELISA study showed that carbamylated PON-1 concentration in uremic HDL was 1.49 ± 0.08 fold higher than that in HDL from controls (p < 0.05). The nanoLC-MS/MS showed that the carbamylation of lysine 290 (K290) of PON-1, a residue adjacent to PON-1 activity determining site, was detected in uremic HDL but not detected in control HDL. K290 carbamylation leads to local conformation changes that reduce accessible solvent accessibility. The HDL paraoxonase, arylesterase, and lactonase activities were all significantly lower in uremia patients than in control subjects. Additionally, HDL anti-antioxidant ability was also lower in uremia patients. Carbamylation of PON-1 in uremia patients could be one of the factors in impairing PON-1 enzyme activities and HDL anti-oxidation function.
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Increased electronegativity of high-density lipoprotein in uremia patients impairs its functional properties and is associated with the risk of coronary artery disease. Atherosclerosis 2018; 278:147-155. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2018.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Revised: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Ikeda Y, Taira T, Sakai K, Sakai H, Shigeri Y, Imura T. Lipid Nanodisc Formation using Pxt-5 Peptide Isolated from Amphibian (Xenopus tropicalis) Skin, and its Altered Form, Modify-Pxt-5. J Oleo Sci 2018; 67:1035-1041. [PMID: 30012902 DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess18051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanodiscs are self-assembled discoidal nanoparticles composed of amphiphilic α-helical scaffold proteins or peptides that accumulate around the circumference of a lipid bilayer. In this study, Pxt-5, which is an antimicrobial peptide isolated from the skin of Xenopus tropicalis, and its modified peptide (Modify-Pxt-5) were synthesized by solid-phase peptide synthesis (SPPS).Their surface properties, which are an important factor in inducing nanodisc formation, were investigated by circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy, surface tension measurement, phospholipid vesicle clearance assay, and negative-staining transmission electron microscopy (NS-TEM). The α-helicity of Pxt-5 (8.4%) improved drastically to 45.6% by four amino-acid substitutions (Modify-Pxt-5). Both the peptides, having hydrophobic and hydrophilic faces, behaved like general surfactants, and the surface activity of Modify-Pxt-5 (CAC: 9.5×10-5 M, γCAC: 30.3 mN·m-1) was much higher than that of Pxt-5 (CAC: 7.9×10-5 M, γCAC: 38.1 mN·m-1). A turbid L-α-dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine (DMPC) vesicle solution (T = 0.3%) quickly turned transparent upon addition of Pxt-5 or Modify-Pxt-5. After twelve hours, the transmittance of vesicle solution with Modify-Pxt-5 (T = 96.2%) was found to be higher than that of vesicle solution with Pxt-5 (T = 83.5%), and then the micro-solubilized solutions were observed by NS-TEM. Interestingly, nanodisc structures were found in the vicinity of DMPC vesicles in both the images, and the average diameter of the nanodiscs was 11.2 ± 6.0 nm for those containing Pxt-5 and 10.8 ± 5.8 nm for those containing Modify-Pxt-5. It was also found that Modify-Pxt-5 effectively self-assembles into nanodiscs compared to Pxt-5 without any substitutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Ikeda
- Research Institute for Innovation in Sustainable Chemistry, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST).,Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science
| | - Toshiaki Taira
- Research Institute for Innovation in Sustainable Chemistry, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)
| | - Kenichi Sakai
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science
| | - Hideki Sakai
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science
| | - Yasushi Shigeri
- Health Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)
| | - Tomohiro Imura
- Research Institute for Innovation in Sustainable Chemistry, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)
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Consumption of Cuban Policosanol Improves Blood Pressure and Lipid Profile via Enhancement of HDL Functionality in Healthy Women Subjects: Randomized, Double-Blinded, and Placebo-Controlled Study. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:4809525. [PMID: 29854085 PMCID: PMC5944267 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4809525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Revised: 12/03/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Policosanol has been reported to improve blood pressure, lipid profile, and HDL functionality via inhibition of cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) both in vitro and in vivo in zebrafish and human models. However, there are limited reports and randomized, double-blinded trials on policosanol that could advocate the blood pressure-lowering effect in prehypertensive participants. Therefore, we performed in vitro, in vivo, and ex vivo experiments to provide more substantial and concrete data on the blood pressure-lowering effect of policosanol. Consumption of policosanol for 8 weeks enhanced plasma antioxidant activity. In the policosanol group, plasma total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) levels were reduced up to 20% and 14%, respectively, and HDL-C level was elevated up to 1.3-fold compared to that at week 0. TG/HDL-C and cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) activities were reduced up to 36% and 20%, respectively. Uptake of oxidized LDL in macrophages was reduced as oxidized species levels were reduced, and HDL2-associated paraoxonase activities were enhanced by 60% compared to those at week 0. Encapsulation of policosanol into reconstituted HDL (PCO-rHDL) enhanced cholesterol efflux activity and insulin secretion capacity. In conclusion, consumption of policosanol for 8 weeks in healthy female subjects resulted in lowered blood pressure and CETP activity via elevation of HDL/apoA-I contents and enhancement of HDL functionalities, including cholesterol efflux and insulin secretion. These functional enhancements of HDL can contribute to the prevention of aging-related diseases, hypertension, and stroke.
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Tertiary structure of apolipoprotein A-I in nascent high-density lipoproteins. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:5163-5168. [PMID: 29712830 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1721181115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the function of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) requires detailed knowledge of the structure of its primary protein, apolipoprotein A-I (APOA1). However, APOA1 flexibility and HDL heterogeneity have confounded decades of efforts to determine high-resolution structures and consistent models. Here, molecular dynamics simulations totaling 30 μs on two nascent HDLs, each with 2 APOA1 and either 160 phospholipids and 24 cholesterols or 200 phospholipids and 20 cholesterols, show that residues 1-21 of the N-terminal domains of APOA1 interact via strong salt bridges. Residues 26-43 of one APOA1 in the smaller particle form a hinge on the disc edge, which displaces the C-terminal domain of the other APOA1 to the phospholipid surface. The proposed structures are supported by chemical cross-linking, Rosetta modeling of the N-terminal domain, and analysis of the lipid-free ∆185APOA1 crystal structure. These structures provide a framework for understanding HDL maturation and revise all previous models of nascent HDL.
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Apolipoprotein A1 and heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein E1 implicated in the regulation of embryo implantation by inhibiting lipid peroxidation. Reprod Biomed Online 2016; 33:635-645. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2016.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Revised: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Apolipoprotein A-I: A Molecule of Diverse Function. Indian J Clin Biochem 2015; 31:253-9. [PMID: 27382195 DOI: 10.1007/s12291-015-0513-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2015] [Accepted: 07/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Apolipoprotein A-I (apo A-I) an indispensable component and a major structural protein of high-density lipoprotein (HDL), plays a vital role in reverse cholesterol transport and cellular cholesterol homeostasis since its identification. Its multifunctional role in immunity, inflammation, apoptosis, viral, bacterial infection etc. has crossed its boundary of its potential of protecting cardiovascular system and lowering cardiovascular disease risk, attributing HDL to be known as a protective fat removal particle. Its structural homology with prostacyclin stabilization factor has contributed to its anti-clotting and anti-aggregatory effect on platelet which has potentiated its cardio-protective role as well as its therapeutic efficacy against Alzheimer's disease. The binding affinity and neutralising action against endotoxin lipopolysaccharide, reduces the toxic manifestations of septic shock. As a negative acute phase protein, it blocks T-cell signalling of macrophages. However the recently identified anti-tumor activity of apo A-I has been highlighted in various models of melanoma, lung cancer, ovarian cancer, lymphoblastic leukaemia, gastric as well as pancreatic cancers. These cancer fighting effects are directed towards regression of tumor size and distant metastasis by its immuno modulatory activity as well as its clearing effect on serum lysophospholipids. This lowering effect on lysophospholipid concentration is utilized by apo A-I mimetic peptides to be used in retarding tumor cell proliferation and as a potential cancer therapeutic agent. Not only that, it inhibits the tumor associated neo-angiogenesis as well as brings down the matrix degrading enzymes associated with tumor metastasis. However this efficient therapeutic potential of apo A-I as an anti tumor agent awaits further future experimental studies in humans.
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Mass Spectrometry-Based Proteomic Study Makes High-Density Lipoprotein a Biomarker for Atherosclerotic Vascular Disease. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:164846. [PMID: 26090384 PMCID: PMC4450224 DOI: 10.1155/2015/164846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2014] [Revised: 12/01/2014] [Accepted: 02/12/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
High-density lipoprotein (HDL) is a lipid and protein complex that consists of apolipoproteins and lower level HDL-associated enzymes. HDL dysfunction is a factor in atherosclerosis and decreases patient survival. Mass spectrometry- (MS-) based proteomics provides a high throughput approach for analyzing the composition and modifications of complex HDL proteins in diseases. HDL can be separated according to size, surface charge, electronegativity, or apoprotein composition. MS-based proteomics on subfractionated HDL then allows investigation of lipoprotein roles in diseases. Herein, we review recent developments in MS-based quantitative proteomic techniques, HDL proteomics and lipoprotein modifications in diseases, and HDL subfractionation studies. We also discuss future directions and perspectives in MS-based proteomics on HDL.
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Gu HM, Wang FQ, Zhang DW. Caveolin-1 interacts with ATP binding cassette transporter G1 (ABCG1) and regulates ABCG1-mediated cholesterol efflux. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2014; 1841:847-58. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2014.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2013] [Revised: 02/06/2014] [Accepted: 02/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Imura T, Tsukui Y, Taira T, Aburai K, Sakai K, Sakai H, Abe M, Kitamoto D. Surfactant-like properties of an amphiphilic α-helical peptide leading to lipid nanodisc formation. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2014; 30:4752-4759. [PMID: 24738727 DOI: 10.1021/la500267b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Nanodiscs are self-assembled discoidal nanoparticles composed of amphiphilic α-helical scaffold proteins or peptides that wrap themselves around the circumference of a lipid bilayer in a beltlike manner. In this study, an amphiphilic helical peptide that mimics helix 10 of human apoA-I was newly synthesized by solid phase peptide synthesis using Fmoc chemistry, and its physicochemical properties, including surface tension, self-association, and solubilization abilities, were evaluated and related directly to nanodisc formation. The synthesized peptide having hydrophobic and hydrophilic faces behaves like a general surfactant, affording a critical association concentration (CAC) of 2.7 × 10(-5) M and a γCAC of 51.2 mN m(-1) in aqueous solution. Interestingly, only a peptide solution above its CAC was able to microsolubilize L-α-dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine (DMPC) vesicles, and lipid nanodiscs with an average diameter of 9.5 ± 2.7 nm were observed by dynamic light scattering and negative stain transmission electron microscopy. Moreover, the ζ potentials of the lipid nanodiscs were measured for the first time as a function of pH, and the values changed from positive (20 mV) to negative (-30 mV). In particular, nanodisc solutions at acidic pH 4 (20 mV) or basic pH 9 (-20 mV) were found to be stable for more than 6 months as a result of the electrostatic repulsion between the particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Imura
- Research Institute for Innovation in Sustainable Chemistry, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) , Tsukuba Central 5-2, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
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