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Grewal T, Rentero C, Enrich C, Wahba M, Raabe CA, Rescher U. Annexin Animal Models-From Fundamental Principles to Translational Research. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22073439. [PMID: 33810523 PMCID: PMC8037771 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Routine manipulation of the mouse genome has become a landmark in biomedical research. Traits that are only associated with advanced developmental stages can now be investigated within a living organism, and the in vivo analysis of corresponding phenotypes and functions advances the translation into the clinical setting. The annexins, a family of closely related calcium (Ca2+)- and lipid-binding proteins, are found at various intra- and extracellular locations, and interact with a broad range of membrane lipids and proteins. Their impacts on cellular functions has been extensively assessed in vitro, yet annexin-deficient mouse models generally develop normally and do not display obvious phenotypes. Only in recent years, studies examining genetically modified annexin mouse models which were exposed to stress conditions mimicking human disease often revealed striking phenotypes. This review is the first comprehensive overview of annexin-related research using animal models and their exciting future use for relevant issues in biology and experimental medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Grewal
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia;
- Correspondence: (T.G.); (U.R.); Tel.: +61-(0)2-9351-8496 (T.G.); +49-(0)251-83-52121 (U.R.)
| | - Carles Rentero
- Departament de Biomedicina, Unitat de Biologia Cel·lular, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (C.R.); (C.E.)
- Centre de Recerca Biomèdica CELLEX, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlos Enrich
- Departament de Biomedicina, Unitat de Biologia Cel·lular, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (C.R.); (C.E.)
- Centre de Recerca Biomèdica CELLEX, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mohamed Wahba
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia;
| | - Carsten A. Raabe
- Research Group Regulatory Mechanisms of Inflammation, Center for Molecular Biology of Inflammation (ZMBE) and Cells in Motion Interfaculty Center (CiM), Institute of Medical Biochemistry, University of Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany;
| | - Ursula Rescher
- Research Group Regulatory Mechanisms of Inflammation, Center for Molecular Biology of Inflammation (ZMBE) and Cells in Motion Interfaculty Center (CiM), Institute of Medical Biochemistry, University of Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany;
- Correspondence: (T.G.); (U.R.); Tel.: +61-(0)2-9351-8496 (T.G.); +49-(0)251-83-52121 (U.R.)
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Huang H, Zhang J, Ling F, Huang Y, Yang M, Zhang Y, Wei Y, Zhang Q, Wang H, Song L, Wu Y, Yang J, Tang J. Leptin Receptor (LEPR) promotes proliferation, migration, and invasion and inhibits apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma by regulating ANXA7. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:4. [PMID: 33397392 PMCID: PMC7784271 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-01641-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Leptin Receptor (LEPR) has been suggested to have several roles in cancer metastasis. However, the role of LEPR and its underlying mechanisms in lymphatic metastasis of hepatocarcinoma have not yet been studied. Methods We performed bioinformatics analysis, qRT-PCR, western blotting, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, enzyme-linked immunosorbent, coimmunoprecipitation assays and a series of functional assays to investigate the roles of LEPR in hepatocellular carcinoma. Results We discovered that LEPR was highly expressed in liver cancer tissues, and the expression of LEPR in Hca-F cells was higher than that in Hca-P cells. Furthermore, LEPR promotes the proliferation, migration and invasion and inhibits the apoptosis of hepatocarcinoma lymphatic metastatic cells. Further studies indicated that LEPR interacts with ANXA7. Mechanistically, LEPR regulated ERK1/2 and JAK2/STAT3 expression via ANXA7 regulation. Conclusions These findings unveiled a previously unappreciated role of LEPR in the regulation of lymphatic metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma, assigning ANXA7-LEPR as a promising therapeutic target for liver cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Huang
- Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, 9 W. Lushun South Road, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning, China.,Department of Pathology, Tangshan People's Hospital, 65 Shengli Road, Tangshan, 063001, Hebei, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, 9 W. Lushun South Road, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning, China
| | - Fei Ling
- Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, 9 W. Lushun South Road, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning, China
| | - Yuhong Huang
- Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, 9 W. Lushun South Road, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning, China
| | - Min Yang
- Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, 9 W. Lushun South Road, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, 9 W. Lushun South Road, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning, China
| | - Yuanyi Wei
- Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, 9 W. Lushun South Road, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning, China
| | - Qingqing Zhang
- Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, 9 W. Lushun South Road, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning, China
| | - Honghai Wang
- Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, 9 W. Lushun South Road, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning, China
| | - Lin Song
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Ying Wu
- Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, 9 W. Lushun South Road, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning, China
| | - Jiayu Yang
- Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, 9 W. Lushun South Road, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning, China
| | - Jianwu Tang
- Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, 9 W. Lushun South Road, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning, China.
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Aareskjold E, Grindheim AK, Hollås H, Goris M, Lillehaug JR, Vedeler A. Two tales of Annexin A2 knock-down: One of compensatory effects by antisense RNA and another of a highly active hairpin ribozyme. Biochem Pharmacol 2019; 166:253-263. [PMID: 31158338 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2019.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Besides altering its own expression during cell transformation, Annexin A2 is upregulated during the progression of many cancer types and also plays key roles during viral infection and multiplication. Consequently, there has been great interest in Annexin A2 as a potential drug target. The successful design of efficient in vivo delivery systems constitutes an obstacle in full exploitation of antisense and RNA-cleaving technologies for the knock-down of specific targets. Efficiency is dependent on the method of delivery and accessibility of the target. Here, hairpin ribozymes and an antisense RNA against rat annexin A2 mRNA were tested for their efficiencies in a T7-driven coupled transcription/translation system. The most efficient ribozyme and antisense RNA were subsequently inserted into a retroviral vector under the control of a tRNA promoter, in a cassette inserted between retroviral Long Terminal Repeats for stable insertion into host DNA. The Phoenix package system based on defective retroviruses was used for virus-mediated gene transfer into PC12 cells. Cells infected with the ribozyme-containing particles died shortly after infection. However, the same ribozyme showed a very high catalytic effect in vitro in cell lysates, explained by its loose hinge helix 2 region. This principle can be transferred to other ribozymes, such as those designed to cleave the guide RNA in the CRISPR/Cas9 technology, as well as to target specific viral RNAs. Interestingly, efficient down-regulation of the expression of Annexin A2 by the antisense RNA resulted in up-regulation of Annexin A7 as a compensatory effect after several cell passages. Indeed, compensatory effects have previously been observed during gene knock-out, but not during knock-down of protein expression. This highlights the problems in interpreting the phenotypic effects of knocking down the expression of a protein. In addition, these data are highly relevant when considering the effects of the CRISPR/Cas9 approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elin Aareskjold
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Jonas Lies vei 91, N-5009 Bergen, Norway
| | - Ann Kari Grindheim
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Jonas Lies vei 91, N-5009 Bergen, Norway
| | - Hanne Hollås
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Jonas Lies vei 91, N-5009 Bergen, Norway
| | - Marianne Goris
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Jonas Lies vei 91, N-5009 Bergen, Norway
| | - Johan R Lillehaug
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Bergen, Thormøhlensgate 55, N-5008 Bergen, Norway
| | - Anni Vedeler
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Jonas Lies vei 91, N-5009 Bergen, Norway.
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4
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Yuan HF, Li Y, Ye WH, Liu Y, Zhang ZD, Tan BB, Fan LQ, Zhao Q, Wang D, Jia N, Hao YJ. Downregulation of annexin A7 decreases proliferation, migration, and invasion of gastric cancer cells by reducing matrix metalloproteinase 1 and 9 expression. Am J Transl Res 2019; 11:2754-2764. [PMID: 31217851 PMCID: PMC6556647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
High annexin A7 expression is a potential indicator of lymphatic metastasis and poor prognosis in patients with gastric cancer (GC). The mechanism underlying the effects of annexin A7 on GC cells remains unclear. In patients with GC, primary adenocarcinoma tissues had higher annexin A7 expression than adjacent non-cancerous tissues (P < 0.05). Among three human GC cell lines with high, moderate, and low levels of differentiation, respectively, the cell line with the lowest level of differentiation displayed the highest level of annexin A7 expression. We transfected cells of the human GC cell line BGC823 with short interfering RNAs (siRNAs) targeting annexin A7 and investigated the effects on signaling pathways related to cancer progression by quantitative real-time PCR and western blot. The silencing of endogenous annexin A7 suppressed the proliferation, migration, and invasion abilities of the BGC823 cells. In the cells treated with annexin A7 siRNA, the expression of p16, p21, and p27 was significantly upregulated while that of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), cyclin A, cyclin D1, cyclin E1, matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), MMP-9, and intercellular cell-adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) was significantly downregulated compared with that in control cells. Our results suggest that the downregulation of endogenous annexin A7 inhibits GC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion by impacting cell cycle regulators and the expression of MMP-1, MMP-2, and ICAM-1. Targeting annexin A7 may represent a valuable strategy for the diagnosis and clinical treatment of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hu-Fang Yuan
- The Third Department of Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University Shijiazhuang 050011, China
| | - Yong Li
- The Third Department of Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University Shijiazhuang 050011, China
| | - Wei-Hua Ye
- The Third Department of Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University Shijiazhuang 050011, China
| | - Yu Liu
- The Third Department of Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University Shijiazhuang 050011, China
| | - Zhi-Dong Zhang
- The Third Department of Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University Shijiazhuang 050011, China
| | - Bi-Bo Tan
- The Third Department of Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University Shijiazhuang 050011, China
| | - Li-Qiao Fan
- The Third Department of Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University Shijiazhuang 050011, China
| | - Qun Zhao
- The Third Department of Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University Shijiazhuang 050011, China
| | - Dong Wang
- The Third Department of Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University Shijiazhuang 050011, China
| | - Nan Jia
- The Third Department of Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University Shijiazhuang 050011, China
| | - Ying-Jie Hao
- The Third Department of Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University Shijiazhuang 050011, China
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Sønder SL, Boye TL, Tölle R, Dengjel J, Maeda K, Jäättelä M, Simonsen AC, Jaiswal JK, Nylandsted J. Annexin A7 is required for ESCRT III-mediated plasma membrane repair. Sci Rep 2019; 9:6726. [PMID: 31040365 PMCID: PMC6491720 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-43143-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The plasma membrane of eukaryotic cells forms the essential barrier to the extracellular environment, and thus plasma membrane disruptions pose a fatal threat to cells. Here, using invasive breast cancer cells we show that the Ca2+ - and phospholipid-binding protein annexin A7 is part of the plasma membrane repair response by enabling assembly of the endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT) III. Following injury to the plasma membrane and Ca2+ flux into the cytoplasm, annexin A7 forms a complex with apoptosis linked gene-2 (ALG-2) to facilitate proper recruitment and binding of ALG-2 and ALG-2-interacting protein X (ALIX) to the damaged membrane. ALG-2 and ALIX assemble the ESCRT III complex, which helps excise and shed the damaged portion of the plasma membrane during wound healing. Our results reveal a novel function of annexin A7 – enabling plasma membrane repair by regulating ESCRT III-mediated shedding of injured plasma membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stine Lauritzen Sønder
- Unit for Cell Death and Metabolism, Center for Autophagy, Recycling and Disease, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Strandboulevarden 49, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Theresa Louise Boye
- Unit for Cell Death and Metabolism, Center for Autophagy, Recycling and Disease, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Strandboulevarden 49, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Regine Tölle
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.,Department of Biology, University of Fribourg Chemin du Musée 10, 1700, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Jörn Dengjel
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.,Department of Biology, University of Fribourg Chemin du Musée 10, 1700, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Kenji Maeda
- Unit for Cell Death and Metabolism, Center for Autophagy, Recycling and Disease, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Strandboulevarden 49, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marja Jäättelä
- Unit for Cell Death and Metabolism, Center for Autophagy, Recycling and Disease, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Strandboulevarden 49, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Adam Cohen Simonsen
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, DK-5230, Odense M, Denmark
| | - Jyoti K Jaiswal
- Children's National Health System, Center for Genetic Medicine Research, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, 111 Michigan Avenue, NW, Washington, DC, 20010-2970, USA.,Department of Genomics and Precision Medicine, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, 111 Michigan Avenue, NW, Washington, DC, 20010-2970, USA
| | - Jesper Nylandsted
- Unit for Cell Death and Metabolism, Center for Autophagy, Recycling and Disease, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Strandboulevarden 49, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark. .,Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200, Copenhagen N, Denmark.
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Grewal T, Wason SJ, Enrich C, Rentero C. Annexins - insights from knockout mice. Biol Chem 2017; 397:1031-53. [PMID: 27318360 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2016-0168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 06/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Annexins are a highly conserved protein family that bind to phospholipids in a calcium (Ca2+) - dependent manner. Studies with purified annexins, as well as overexpression and knockdown approaches identified multiple functions predominantly linked to their dynamic and reversible membrane binding behavior. However, most annexins are found at multiple locations and interact with numerous proteins. Furthermore, similar membrane binding characteristics, overlapping localizations and shared interaction partners have complicated identification of their precise functions. To gain insight into annexin function in vivo, mouse models deficient of annexin A1 (AnxA1), A2, A4, A5, A6 and A7 have been generated. Interestingly, with the exception of one study, all mice strains lacking one or even two annexins are viable and develop normally. This suggested redundancy within annexins, but examining these knockout (KO) strains under stress conditions revealed striking phenotypes, identifying underlying mechanisms specific for individual annexins, often supporting Ca2+ homeostasis and membrane transport as central for annexin biology. Conversely, mice lacking AnxA1 or A2 show extracellular functions relevant in health and disease that appear independent of membrane trafficking or Ca2+ signaling. This review will summarize the mechanistic insights gained from studies utilizing mouse models lacking members of the annexin family.
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Konopka-Postupolska D, Clark G. Annexins as Overlooked Regulators of Membrane Trafficking in Plant Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E863. [PMID: 28422051 PMCID: PMC5412444 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18040863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2016] [Revised: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Annexins are an evolutionary conserved superfamily of proteins able to bind membrane phospholipids in a calcium-dependent manner. Their physiological roles are still being intensively examined and it seems that, despite their general structural similarity, individual proteins are specialized toward specific functions. However, due to their general ability to coordinate membranes in a calcium-sensitive fashion they are thought to participate in membrane flow. In this review, we present a summary of the current understanding of cellular transport in plant cells and consider the possible roles of annexins in different stages of vesicular transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Konopka-Postupolska
- Plant Biochemistry Department, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw 02-106, Poland.
| | - Greg Clark
- Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
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8
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Malacrida L, Astrada S, Briva A, Bollati-Fogolín M, Gratton E, Bagatolli LA. Spectral phasor analysis of LAURDAN fluorescence in live A549 lung cells to study the hydration and time evolution of intracellular lamellar body-like structures. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 2016; 1858:2625-2635. [PMID: 27480804 PMCID: PMC5045802 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2016.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Revised: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Using LAURDAN spectral imaging and spectral phasor analysis we concurrently studied the growth and hydration state of subcellular organelles (lamellar body-like, LB-like) from live A549 lung cancer cells at different post-confluence days. Our results reveal a time dependent two-step process governing the size and hydration of these intracellular LB-like structures. Specifically, a first step (days 1 to 7) is characterized by an increase in their size, followed by a second one (days 7 to 14) where the organelles display a decrease in their global hydration properties. Interestingly, our results also show that their hydration properties significantly differ from those observed in well-characterized artificial lamellar model membranes, challenging the notion that a pure lamellar membrane organization is present in these organelles at intracellular conditions. Finally, these LB-like structures show a significant increase in their hydration state upon secretion, suggesting a relevant role of entropy during this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonel Malacrida
- Área de Investigación Respiratoria, Departamento de Fisiopatología, Hospital de Clínicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Uruguay; Unidad de Bioquímica y Proteómica Analítica, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Uruguay; Laboratory for Fluorescence Dynamics, Biomedical Engineering Department, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.
| | - Soledad Astrada
- Unidad de Biología Celular, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Arturo Briva
- Área de Investigación Respiratoria, Departamento de Fisiopatología, Hospital de Clínicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Uruguay
| | | | - Enrico Gratton
- Laboratory for Fluorescence Dynamics, Biomedical Engineering Department, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Luis A Bagatolli
- MEMPHYS - Center for Biomembrane Physics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense M, Denmark.
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Olmeda B, Martínez-Calle M, Pérez-Gil J. Pulmonary surfactant metabolism in the alveolar airspace: Biogenesis, extracellular conversions, recycling. Ann Anat 2016; 209:78-92. [PMID: 27773772 DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2016.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Revised: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary surfactant is a lipid-protein complex that lines and stabilizes the respiratory interface in the alveoli, allowing for gas exchange during the breathing cycle. At the same time, surfactant constitutes the first line of lung defense against pathogens. This review presents an updated view on the processes involved in biogenesis and intracellular processing of newly synthesized and recycled surfactant components, as well as on the extracellular surfactant transformations before and after the formation of the surface active film at the air-water interface. Special attention is paid to the crucial regulation of surfactant homeostasis, because its disruption is associated with several lung pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bárbara Olmeda
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, and Research Institute "Hospital 12 de Octubre", Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Martínez-Calle
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, and Research Institute "Hospital 12 de Octubre", Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesus Pérez-Gil
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, and Research Institute "Hospital 12 de Octubre", Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
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Plasma membrane and cytoskeleton dynamics during single-cell wound healing. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2015.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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11
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Defining the structural characteristics of annexin V binding to a mimetic apoptotic membrane. EUROPEAN BIOPHYSICS JOURNAL: EBJ 2015; 44:697-708. [DOI: 10.1007/s00249-015-1068-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Revised: 07/16/2015] [Accepted: 07/29/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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12
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Yuan HF, Li Y, Zhao Q, Fan LQ, Tan BB, Ye WH. Expression of annexin A7 and its clinical significance in differentiation and metastasis of gastric carcinoma. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2014; 7:6567-6574. [PMID: 25400735 PMCID: PMC4230099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2014] [Accepted: 09/18/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the expression and clinical significance of annexin A7 in the differentiation and lymphatic metastasis of gastric cancer (GC). METHODS The clinical and pathological data were recorded for analysis. Immunohistochemical staining and Western blot were performed to analyze the expression of ANXA 7 in primary GC tissues. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to evaluate the associations between annexin A7 expression levels and differentiations of GC. Analyses of the ROC were conducted to determine the cut-off value of the ratio of pixel density of annexin A7 for predicting lymphatic metastasis of GC. RESULTS A total of 162 GC patients were enrolled in this study, and expression rate of annexin A7 was 65.4% in GC. The survival rate of patients with positive expression of annexin A7 was lower than that in patients with negative expression (P=0.000). The results of COX regression showed that the positive expression of annexin A7, submucosal confinement and pathological stage of GC were associated with poor clinical outcomes. The ratio of pixel density value of primary GC tissues with PN 1-3 lymphatic spread was significantly higher than those in tissues with PN 0 lymphatic spread (0.56±0.09 vs. 0.42±0.07, P < 0.05). ROC analysis showed a high area under the curve for the ratio of pixel density value of annexin A7 in primary GC tissues. At a cut-off level of > 0.505, the ratio of pixel density value of annexin A7 exhibited 76.7% sensitivity and 88.3% specificity for detecting lymphatic metastasis of GC. CONCLUSION High annexin A7 expression is associated with poor differentiation in GC patients, and it may be a predictor for lymphatic metastasis of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hu-Fang Yuan
- The Third Department of Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University Shijiazhuang 050011, China
| | - Yong Li
- The Third Department of Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University Shijiazhuang 050011, China
| | - Qun Zhao
- The Third Department of Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University Shijiazhuang 050011, China
| | - Li-Qiao Fan
- The Third Department of Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University Shijiazhuang 050011, China
| | - Bi-Bo Tan
- The Third Department of Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University Shijiazhuang 050011, China
| | - Wei-Hua Ye
- The Third Department of Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University Shijiazhuang 050011, China
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Hoque M, Rentero C, Cairns R, Tebar F, Enrich C, Grewal T. Annexins — Scaffolds modulating PKC localization and signaling. Cell Signal 2014; 26:1213-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2014.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2014] [Accepted: 02/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Guo C, Liu S, Greenaway F, Sun MZ. Potential role of annexin A7 in cancers. Clin Chim Acta 2013; 423:83-9. [PMID: 23639634 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2013.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2013] [Revised: 04/12/2013] [Accepted: 04/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Annexin A7 (Anxa7) is a member of the multigene annexin superfamily of Ca(2+)-regulated and phospholipid-binding proteins. Accumulated evidence indicates that the deregulation, loss of heterozygosity (LOH) and subcellular localization of Anxa7 are associated with the occurrence, invasion, metastasis and progression of a variety of cancers. Anxa7 appears to have a tumor-suppression role in glioblastoma, glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), melanoma and prostate cancer (CaP) but, controversially and interestingly, Anxa7 also appears to promote the development and malignancies of liver cancer, gastric cancer (GC), nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), colorectal cancer (CRC) and breast cancer (BC). The associations between Anxa7 and malignant tumors as well as potential mechanisms of action are summarized and discussed in current review. Anxa7 has potential for use as a biomarker for the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of certain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunmei Guo
- Department of Biotechnology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
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