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Liu Y, Xu Y, Yu M. MicroRNA-4722-5p and microRNA-615-3p serve as potential biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease. Exp Ther Med 2022; 23:241. [PMID: 35222718 PMCID: PMC8815048 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2022.11166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the expression levels of microRNA(miR)-4722-5p and miR-615-3p in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and their diagnostic value. Blood samples were collected from 33 patients with AD and 33 healthy controls, and an β-amyloid (Aβ)25-35-induced PC12 cell model was also established. The relative mRNA expression levels of miR-4722-5p and miR-615-3p were detected using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. The correlations between the mRNA expression levels of the two miRNAs and the mini-mental state examination (MMSE) scores were analyzed, and the receiver operating characteristic curve was used to assess the diagnostic value of miR-4722-5p and miR-615-3p in AD. Functional enrichment analysis of the miRNA target genes was performed using The Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery database and the R language analysis package. The mRNA expression levels of miR-4722-5p and miR-615-3p were increased in patients with AD and the Aβ25-35-induced PC12 cell model. The mRNA expression levels of miR-4722-5p and miR-615-3p were negatively correlated with MMSE scores, and the combination of the two miRNAs for AD had an improved diagnostic value than that of each miRNA alone. The results of Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis showed that the target genes of miR-4722-5p were found in the cytoplasm and cytosol, and were mainly involved in protein folding and cell division. The molecular functions included protein binding and GTPase activator activity. The results of Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis showed that miR-4722-5p was associated with the regulation of dopaminergic synapses and mTOR signaling pathways. GO enrichment analysis also revealed that the target genes of miR-615-3p were located in the nucleus and cytoplasm, were involved in the regulation of transcription and protein phosphorylation, and were associated with protein binding, metal ion binding and transcription factor activity. The target genes of miR-615-3p played important roles in the regulation of the Ras and FoxO signaling pathways. In conclusion, miR-4722-5p and miR-615-3p may be potential biomarkers in the early diagnosis of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liu
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212001, P.R. China
| | - Yuhao Xu
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212001, P.R. China
| | - Ming Yu
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212001, P.R. China
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Osteogenesis is a complex process involving the specification of multiple progenitor cells and their maturation and differentiation into matrix-secreting osteoblasts. Osteogenesis occurs not only during embryogenesis but also during growth, after an injury, and in normal homeostatic maintenance. While much is known about osteogenesis-associated regulatory genes, the role of microRNAs (miRNAs), which are epigenetic regulators of protein expression, is just beginning to be explored. While miRNAs do not abrogate all protein expression, their purpose is to finely tune it, allowing for a timely and temporary protein down-regulation. RECENT FINDINGS The last decade has unveiled a multitude of miRNAs that regulate key proteins within the osteogenic lineage, thus qualifying them as "ostemiRs." These miRNAs may endogenously target an activator or inhibitor of differentiation, and depending on the target, may either lead to the prolongation of a progenitor maintenance state or to early differentiation. Interestingly, cellular identity seems intimately coupled to the expression of miRNAs, which participate in the suppression of previous and subsequent differentiation steps. In such cases where key osteogenic proteins were identified as direct targets of miRNAs in non-bone cell types, or through bioinformatic prediction, future research illuminating the activity of these miRNAs during osteogenesis will be extremely valuable. Many bone-related diseases involve the dysregulation of transcription factors or other proteins found within osteoblasts and their progenitors, and the dysregulation of miRNAs, which target such factors, may play a pivotal role in disease etiology, or even as a possible therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven R Sera
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience and Stem Cell Center, College of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of California Riverside, 1113 Biological Sciences Building, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Nicole I Zur Nieden
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience and Stem Cell Center, College of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of California Riverside, 1113 Biological Sciences Building, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA.
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Abstract
Solid tumors require angiogenesis to grow beyond 2 mm in size. In most cases, tumor cells undergo angiogenic switch and secrete substances that are required for generation of new capillary sprouting from existing blood vessels. Tumor angiogenesis is driven by a complex interplay between pro-angiogenic (VEGF/VEGFR, PDGF/PDGFR) and anti-angiogenic factors (TSP-1/TSP-2) within the tumor microenvironment. In addition, control of tissue remodeling and degradation by matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) contribute to tumor angiogenesis. Furthermore, tumor suppressors or oncogenes that control cellular motility and maintain or promote hypoxia (HIFs and MYC) are also actively playing roles in tumor angiogenesis. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), including microRNAs, are a novel class of regulatory molecules that control the gene expression in a posttranscriptional manner. MicroRNAs regulate important physiological processes, such as proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation, as well as pathological conditions including oncogenesis. Accumulating evidence suggests that microRNAs directly modulate the process of angiogenesis by targeting important angiogenic factors and signaling molecules. Understanding the molecular mechanism behind the regulation of angiogenesis by microRNAs is important due to their therapeutic potential which may lead to improving outcome for cancer patients. Besides, ncRNAs with a regulatory role in angiogenesis, such as long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), have been identified in the genome. However, the mechanisms of the vast majority of lncRNAs are currently unknown. For the few lncRNAs characterized at the functional level, accumulating evidence shows that they play important roles in malignant diseases. The function and mechanism in angiogenesis will be described in this chapter.
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Khan FH, Pandian V, Ramraj S, Aravindan S, Herman TS, Aravindan N. Reorganization of metastamiRs in the evolution of metastatic aggressive neuroblastoma cells. BMC Genomics 2015; 16:501. [PMID: 26148557 PMCID: PMC4491873 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-015-1642-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2015] [Accepted: 05/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background MetastamiRs have momentous clinical relevance and have been correlated with disease progression in many tumors. In this study, we identified neuroblastoma metastamiRs exploiting unique mouse models of favorable and high-risk metastatic human neuroblastoma. Further, we related their deregulation to the modulation of target proteins and established their association with clinical outcomes. Results Whole genome miRNA microarray analysis identified 74 metastamiRs across the manifold of metastatic tumors. RT-qPCR on select miRNAs validated profile expression. Results from bio-informatics across the ingenuity pathway, miRCancer, and literature data-mining endorsed the expression of these miRNAs in multiple tumor systems and showed their role in metastasis, identifying them as metastamiRs. Immunoblotting and TMA-IHC analyses revealed alterations in the expression/phosphorylation of metastamiRs’ targets, including ADAMTS-1, AKT1/2/3, ASK1, AURKβ, Birc1, Birc2, Bric5, β-CATENIN, CASP8, CD54, CDK4, CREB, CTGF, CXCR4, CYCLIN-D1, EGFR, ELK1, ESR1, CFOS, FOSB, FRA, GRB10, GSK3β, IL1α, JUND, kRAS, KRTAP1, MCP1, MEGF10, MMP2, MMP3, MMP9, MMP10, MTA2, MYB, cMYC, NF2, NOS3, P21, pP38, PTPN3, CLEAVED PARP, PKC, SDF-1β, SEMA3D, SELE, STAT3, TLR3, TNFα, TNFR1, and VEGF in aggressive cells ex vivo and in a manifold of metastatic tumors in vivo. miRNA mimic (hsa-miR-125b, hsa-miR-27b, hsa-miR-93, hsa-miR-20a) and inhibitor (hsa-miR-1224-3p, hsa-miR-1260) approach for select miRNAs revealed the direct influence of the altered metastamiRs in the regulation of identified protein targets. Clinical outcome association analysis with the validated metastamiRs’ targets corresponded strongly with poor overall and relapse-free survival. Conclusions For the first time, these results identified a comprehensive list of neuroblastoma metastamiRs, related their deregulation to altered expression of protein targets, and established their association with poor clinical outcomes. The identified set of distinctive neuroblastoma metastamiRs could serve as potential candidates for diagnostic markers for the switch from favorable to high-risk metastatic disease. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-015-1642-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faizan H Khan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 940, Stanton L. Young Boulevard, BMSB 737, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA.
| | - Vijayabaskar Pandian
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 940, Stanton L. Young Boulevard, BMSB 737, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA.
| | - Satishkumar Ramraj
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 940, Stanton L. Young Boulevard, BMSB 737, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA.
| | - Sheeja Aravindan
- Stephenson Cancer Center, 975 NE 10th Street, BRC 1468, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA.
| | - Terence S Herman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 940, Stanton L. Young Boulevard, BMSB 737, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA. .,Stephenson Cancer Center, 975 NE 10th Street, BRC 1468, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA.
| | - Natarajan Aravindan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 940, Stanton L. Young Boulevard, BMSB 737, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA.
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Du WW, Liu F, Shan SW, Ma XC, Gupta S, Jin T, Spaner D, Krylov SN, Zhang Y, Ling W, Yang BB. Inhibition of Dexamethasone-induced Fatty Liver Development by Reducing miR-17-5p Levels. Mol Ther 2015; 23:1222-1233. [PMID: 25896250 DOI: 10.1038/mt.2015.64] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2014] [Accepted: 03/27/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Steatosis is a pivotal event in the initiation and progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) which can be driven by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α (PPAR-α) dysregulation. Through examining the effect of PPAR-α on fatty liver development, we found that PPAR-α is a target of miR-17-5p. Transgenic mice expressing miR-17 developed fatty liver and produced higher levels of triglyceride and cholesterol but lower levels of PPAR-α. Ectopic expression of miR-17 enhanced cellular steatosis. Gain-of-function and loss-of-function experiments confirmed PPAR-α as a target of miR-17-5p. On the other hand, PPAR-α bound to the promoter of miR-17 and promoted its expression. The feed-back loop between miR-17-5p and PPAR-α played a key role in the induction of steatosis and fatty liver development. Mice with high levels of miR-17-5p were sensitive to Dexamethasone-induced fatty liver formation. Inhibition of miR-17-5p suppressed this process and enhanced PPAR-α expression in mice treated with Dexamethasone. Clofibrate, Ciprofibrate, and WY-14643: three agents used for treatment of metabolic disorders, were found to promote PPAR-α expression while decreasing miR-17-5p levels and inhibiting steatosis. Our studies show that miR-17-5p inhibitor and agents used in metabolic disorders may be applied in combination with Dexamethasone in the treatment of anti-inflammation, immunosuppression, and cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- William W Du
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Fengqiong Liu
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Sze Wan Shan
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Xindi Cindy Ma
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shaan Gupta
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tianru Jin
- Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - David Spaner
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sergey N Krylov
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Research on Biomolecular Interactions, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yaou Zhang
- Key Lab in Healthy Science and Technology, Division of Life Science, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, P.R. China
| | - Wenhua Ling
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Burton B Yang
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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Du WW, Li X, Li T, Li H, Khorshidi A, Liu F, Yang BB. The microRNA miR-17-3p inhibits mouse cardiac fibroblast senescence by targeting Par4. J Cell Sci 2015; 128:293-304. [PMID: 25472717 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.158360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The microRNA miR-17-92 cluster plays a fundamental role in heart development. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a member of this cluster, miR-17, on cardiac senescence. We examined the roles of miR-17 in senescence and demonstrated that miR-17-3p attenuates cardiac aging in the myocardium by targeting Par4 (also known as PAWR). This upregulates the downstream proteins CEBPB, FAK, N-cadherin, vimentin, Oct4 and Sca-1 (also known as stem cell antigen-1), and downregulates E-cadherin. Par4 has been reported as a tumor suppressor gene that induces apoptosis in cancer cells, but not in normal cells. Repression of Par4 by miR-17-3p enhances the transcription of CEBPB and FAK, which promotes mouse cardiac fibroblast (MCF) epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and self-renewal, resulting in cellular senescence and apoptosis resistance. We conclude that Par4 can bind to the CEBPB promoter and inhibit its transcription. Decreased Par4 expression increases the amount of CEBPB, which binds to the FAK promoter and enhances FAK transcription. Par4, CEBPB and FAK form a senescence signaling pathway, playing roles in modulating cell survival, growth, apoptosis, EMT and self-renewal. Through this novel senescence signaling axis, miR-17-3p represses Par4 expression, acting pleiotropically as a negative modulator of cardiac aging and cardiac fibroblast cellular senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- William W Du
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto ON M4N 3M5, Canada Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Xianmin Li
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto ON M4N 3M5, Canada Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Tianbi Li
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto ON M4N 3M5, Canada Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Haoran Li
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto ON M4N 3M5, Canada Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Azam Khorshidi
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto ON M4N 3M5, Canada Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Fengqiong Liu
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto ON M4N 3M5, Canada Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Burton B Yang
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto ON M4N 3M5, Canada Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
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Krist B, Florczyk U, Pietraszek-Gremplewicz K, Józkowicz A, Dulak J. The Role of miR-378a in Metabolism, Angiogenesis, and Muscle Biology. Int J Endocrinol 2015; 2015:281756. [PMID: 26839547 PMCID: PMC4709675 DOI: 10.1155/2015/281756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA-378a (miR-378a, previously known as miR-378) is one of the small noncoding RNA molecules able to regulate gene expression at posttranscriptional level. Its two mature strands, miR-378a-3p and miR-378a-5p, originate from the first intron of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, coactivator 1 beta (ppargc1b) gene encoding PGC-1β. Embedding in the sequence of this transcriptional regulator of oxidative energy metabolism implies involvement of miR-378a in metabolic pathways, mitochondrial energy homeostasis, and related biological processes such as muscle development, differentiation, and regeneration. On the other hand, modulating the expression of proangiogenic factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor, angiopoietin-1, or interleukin-8, influencing inflammatory reaction, and affecting tumor suppressors, such as SuFu and Fus-1, miR-378a is considered as a part of an angiogenic network in tumors. In the latter, miR-378a can evoke broader actions by enhancing cell survival, reducing apoptosis, and promoting cell migration and invasion. This review describes the current knowledge on miR-378a linking oxidative/lipid metabolism, muscle biology, and blood vessel formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bart Krist
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30–387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Urszula Florczyk
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30–387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Pietraszek-Gremplewicz
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30–387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Alicja Józkowicz
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30–387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Jozef Dulak
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30–387 Krakow, Poland
- *Jozef Dulak:
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Li H, Gupta S, Du WW, Yang BB. MicroRNA-17 inhibits tumor growth by stimulating T-cell mediated host immune response. Oncoscience 2014; 1:531-9. [PMID: 25594054 PMCID: PMC4278315 DOI: 10.18632/oncoscience.69] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2014] [Accepted: 07/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Melanoma is one of the fastest-rising types of cancer in North American. Accumulating evidence suggests that anti-tumor immune tolerance plays a critical role in tumor development. METHODS B16 melanoma cells were injected into wild type and miR-17 overexpressing transgenic mice. Tumor growth was monitored and tumor bearing mice were sacrificed by the end of the forth week. Peripheral blood and spleen cells were subject to flow cytometry analysis and tumor samples were subject to immunohistochemistry staining. Meanwhile, Jurkat cells transfected with mock-control or miR-17 overexpressing plasmid were co-cultured with B16 cells. The influence of miR-17 on cell cycle, proliferation and survival was evaluated. RESULTS The melanoma tumors formed in mice overexpressing miR-17 were less than that in wild type mice. In addition, the miR-17 tumors were less invasive and less angiogenic. The percentage of CD8+ T cells was suppressed in miR-17 transgenic mice before melanoma cell injection. Its level was significantly increased upon tumor grafting. More tumor infiltrating CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocyte could be found in transgenic mice with tumor formation. Luciferase assay and protein analysis indicated that STAT3 was the target of miR-17. Decreased levels of STAT3 were associated with miR-17 over-expression. Down-regulation of STAT3 in Jurkat cells promoted cell proliferation and mitosis. CONCLUSIONS MiR-17 inhibits melanoma growth by stimulating CD8+ T cells mediated host immune response, which is due to its regulation of STAT3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoran Li
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto ; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto
| | - Shaan Gupta
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto ; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto
| | - William W Du
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto ; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto
| | - Burton B Yang
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto ; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto
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Anti-microRNA-378a enhances wound healing process by upregulating integrin beta-3 and vimentin. Mol Ther 2014; 22:1839-50. [PMID: 24954475 PMCID: PMC4428398 DOI: 10.1038/mt.2014.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2013] [Accepted: 06/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Delayed or impaired wound healing is a major public health issue worldwide,
especially in patients with diabetes mellitus and vascular atherosclerosis.
MicroRNAs have been identified as key regulators of wound healing. Here, we show
that miR-Pirate378a transgenic mice (and thus have inhibited miR-378a-5p
function) display enhanced wound healing. Expression of vimentin and β3
integrin, two important modulators of wound healing, is markedly elevated in the
transgenic mice. MiR-Pirate378a-transfected cells display greater mobility
during migration assays, which was hypothesized to be due to the upregulation of
vimentin and β3 integrin. Both molecules were confirmed to be targets of
miR-378a, and thus their expression could be rescued by miR-Pirate378a.
Overexpression of vimentin also contributed to fibroblast differentiation, and
upregulation of β3 integrin was responsible for increased angiogenesis.
Mice treatment with miR-Pirate378a-conjugated nanoparticles displayed enhanced
wound healing. Thus, we have demonstrated that knockdown of miR-378a increased
the expression of its target proteins, vimentin, and β3 integrin, which
accelerated fibroblast migration and differentiation in vitro and
enhanced wound healing in vivo.
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