1
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Chen X, Bell NA, Coffman BL, Rabino AA, Garcia-Mata R, Kammermeier PJ, Yule DI, Axelrod D, Smrcka AV, Giovannucci DR, Anantharam A. A PACAP-activated network for secretion requires coordination of Ca 2+ influx and Ca 2+ mobilization. Mol Biol Cell 2024; 35:ar92. [PMID: 38758660 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e24-02-0083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla transduce sympathetic nerve activity into stress hormone secretion. The two neurotransmitters principally responsible for coupling cell stimulation to secretion are acetylcholine and pituitary adenylate activating polypeptide (PACAP). In contrast to acetylcholine, PACAP evokes a persistent secretory response from chromaffin cells. However, the mechanisms by which PACAP acts are poorly understood. Here, it is shown that PACAP induces sustained increases in cytosolic Ca2+ which are disrupted when Ca2+ influx through L-type channels is blocked or internal Ca2+ stores are depleted. PACAP liberates stored Ca2+ via inositol trisphosphate receptors (IP3Rs) on the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), thereby functionally coupling Ca2+ mobilization to Ca2+ influx and supporting Ca2+-induced Ca2+-release. These Ca2+ influx and mobilization pathways are unified by an absolute dependence on phospholipase C epsilon (PLCε) activity. Thus, the persistent secretory response that is a defining feature of PACAP activity, in situ, is regulated by a signaling network that promotes sustained elevations in intracellular Ca2+ through multiple pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohuan Chen
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614
| | - Nicole A Bell
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614
| | | | | | | | - Paul J Kammermeier
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627
| | - David I Yule
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627
| | | | - Alan V Smrcka
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | | | - Arun Anantharam
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614
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2
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Balestrini PA, Sulzyk V, Jabloñski M, Schiavi-Ehrenhaus LJ, González SN, Ferreira JJ, Gómez-Elías MD, Pomata P, Luque GM, Krapf D, Cuasnicu PS, Santi CM, Buffone MG. Membrane potential hyperpolarization: a critical factor in acrosomal exocytosis and fertilization in sperm within the female reproductive tract. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1386980. [PMID: 38803392 PMCID: PMC11128623 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1386980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Hyperpolarization of the membrane potential (Em), a phenomenon regulated by SLO3 channels, stands as a central feature in sperm capacitation-a crucial process conferring upon sperm the ability to fertilize the oocyte. In vitro studies demonstrated that Em hyperpolarization plays a pivotal role in facilitating the mechanisms necessary for the development of hyperactivated motility (HA) and acrosomal exocytosis (AE) occurrence. Nevertheless, the physiological significance of sperm Em within the female reproductive tract remains unexplored. As an approach to this question, we studied sperm migration and AE incidence within the oviduct in the absence of Em hyperpolarization using a novel mouse model established by crossbreeding of SLO3 knock-out (KO) mice with EGFP/DsRed2 mice. Sperm from this model displays impaired HA and AE in vitro. Interestingly, examination of the female reproductive tract shows that SLO3 KO sperm can reach the ampulla, mirroring the quantity of sperm observed in wild-type (WT) counterparts, supporting that the HA needed to reach the fertilization site is not affected. However, a noteworthy distinction emerges-unlike WT sperm, the majority of SLO3 KO sperm arrive at the ampulla with their acrosomes still intact. Of the few SLO3 KO sperm that do manage to reach the oocytes within this location, fertilization does not occur, as indicated by the absence of sperm pronuclei in the MII-oocytes recovered post-mating. In vitro, SLO3 KO sperm fail to penetrate the ZP and fuse with the oocytes. Collectively, these results underscore the vital role of Em hyperpolarization in AE and fertilization within their physiological context, while also revealing that Em is not a prerequisite for the development of the HA motility, essential for sperm migration through the female tract to the ampulla.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula A. Balestrini
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IByME)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tícnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Valeria Sulzyk
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IByME)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tícnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Martina Jabloñski
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IByME)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tícnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Liza J. Schiavi-Ehrenhaus
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IByME)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tícnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Soledad N. González
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IByME)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tícnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Juan J. Ferreira
- Department of OB/GYN, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, United States
| | - Matías D. Gómez-Elías
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IByME)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tícnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Pablo Pomata
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IByME)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tícnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Guillermina M. Luque
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IByME)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tícnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Dario Krapf
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas–Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Patricia S. Cuasnicu
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IByME)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tícnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Celia M. Santi
- Department of OB/GYN, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, United States
| | - Mariano G. Buffone
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IByME)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tícnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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3
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Novero AG, Rodríguez PT, De la Vega Beltrán JL, Schiavi-Ehrenhaus LJ, Luque GM, Carruba M, Stival C, Gentile I, Ritagliati C, Santi CM, Nishigaki T, Krapf D, Buffone MG, Darszon A, Treviño CL, Krapf D. The sodium-proton exchangers sNHE and NHE1 control plasma membrane hyperpolarization in mouse sperm. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.04.583310. [PMID: 38496535 PMCID: PMC10942401 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.04.583310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Sperm capacitation, crucial for fertilization, occurs in the female reproductive tract and can be replicated in vitro using a medium rich in bicarbonate, calcium, and albumin. These components trigger the cAMP-PKA signaling cascade, proposed to promote hyperpolarization of the mouse sperm plasma membrane through activation of SLO3 K+ channel. Hyperpolarization is a hallmark of capacitation: proper membrane hyperpolarization renders higher in vitro fertilizing ability, while Slo3 KO mice are infertile. However, the precise regulation of SLO3 opening remains elusive. Our study challenges the involvement of PKA in this event and reveals the role of Na+/H+ exchangers. During capacitation, calcium increase through CatSper channels activates NHE1, while cAMP directly stimulates the sperm-specific NHE, collectively promoting the alkalinization threshold needed for SLO3 opening. Hyperpolarization then feeds back Na+/H+ activity. Our work is supported by pharmacology, and a plethora of KO mouse models, and proposes a novel pathway leading to hyperpolarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Analia G Novero
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario, CONICET-UNR, and Laboratorio de Medicina Reproductiva, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, UNR, Rosario SF2000, Argentina
| | | | | | - Liz J Schiavi-Ehrenhaus
- Instituto de Bíologia y Medicina Experimental (IBYME-CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Guillermina M Luque
- Instituto de Bíologia y Medicina Experimental (IBYME-CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Micaela Carruba
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario, CONICET-UNR, and Laboratorio de Medicina Reproductiva, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, UNR, Rosario SF2000, Argentina
| | - Cintia Stival
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario, CONICET-UNR, and Laboratorio de Medicina Reproductiva, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, UNR, Rosario SF2000, Argentina
| | - Iñaki Gentile
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario, CONICET-UNR, and Laboratorio de Medicina Reproductiva, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, UNR, Rosario SF2000, Argentina
| | - Carla Ritagliati
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario, CONICET-UNR, and Laboratorio de Medicina Reproductiva, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, UNR, Rosario SF2000, Argentina
| | - Celia M Santi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis Missouri 63110, USA
| | | | - Diego Krapf
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80526, USA
| | - Mariano G Buffone
- Instituto de Bíologia y Medicina Experimental (IBYME-CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | | | - Dario Krapf
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario, CONICET-UNR, and Laboratorio de Medicina Reproductiva, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, UNR, Rosario SF2000, Argentina
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4
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Chen X, Bell NA, Coffman BL, Rabino AA, Garcia-Mata R, Kammermeier PJ, Yule DI, Axelrod D, Smrcka AV, Giovannucci DR, Anantharam A. A PACAP-activated network for secretion requires coordination of Ca 2+ influx and Ca 2+ mobilization. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.03.574069. [PMID: 38260572 PMCID: PMC10802325 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.03.574069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla transduce sympathetic nerve activity into stress hormone secretion. The two neurotransmitters principally responsible for coupling cell stimulation to secretion are acetylcholine and pituitary adenylate activating polypeptide (PACAP). In contrast to acetylcholine, PACAP evokes a persistent secretory response from chromaffin cells. However, the mechanisms by which PACAP acts are poorly understood. Here, it is shown that PACAP induces sustained increases in cytosolic Ca 2+ which are disrupted when Ca 2+ influx through L-type channels is blocked or internal Ca 2+ stores are depleted. PACAP liberates stored Ca 2+ via inositol trisphosphate receptors (IP3Rs) on the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), thereby functionally coupling Ca 2+ mobilization to Ca 2+ influx and supporting Ca 2+ -induced Ca 2+ -release. These Ca 2+ influx and mobilization pathways are unified by an absolute dependence on phospholipase C epsilon (PLCε) activity. Thus, the persistent secretory response that is a defining feature of PACAP activity, in situ , is regulated by a signaling network that promotes sustained elevations in intracellular Ca 2+ through multiple pathways.
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5
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Wang XT, Zhou L, Dong BB, Xu FX, Wang DJ, Shen EW, Cai XY, Wang Y, Wang N, Ji SJ, Chen W, Schonewille M, Zhu JJ, De Zeeuw CI, Shen Y. cAMP-EPAC-PKCε-RIM1α signaling regulates presynaptic long-term potentiation and motor learning. eLife 2023; 12:e80875. [PMID: 37159499 PMCID: PMC10171863 DOI: 10.7554/elife.80875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The cerebellum is involved in learning of fine motor skills, yet whether presynaptic plasticity contributes to such learning remains elusive. Here, we report that the EPAC-PKCε module has a critical role in a presynaptic form of long-term potentiation in the cerebellum and motor behavior in mice. Presynaptic cAMP-EPAC-PKCε signaling cascade induces a previously unidentified threonine phosphorylation of RIM1α, and thereby initiates the assembly of the Rab3A-RIM1α-Munc13-1 tripartite complex that facilitates docking and release of synaptic vesicles. Granule cell-specific blocking of EPAC-PKCε signaling abolishes presynaptic long-term potentiation at the parallel fiber to Purkinje cell synapses and impairs basic performance and learning of cerebellar motor behavior. These results unveil a functional relevance of presynaptic plasticity that is regulated through a novel signaling cascade, thereby enriching the spectrum of cerebellar learning mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Tai Wang
- Department of Physiology and Department of Psychiatry, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
- Institute of Life Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Lin Zhou
- Department of Physiology and Department of Psychiatry, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Bin-Bin Dong
- Department of Physiology and Department of Psychiatry, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Fang-Xiao Xu
- Department of Physiology and Department of Psychiatry, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - De-Juan Wang
- Department of Physiology and Department of Psychiatry, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - En-Wei Shen
- Department of Physiology and Department of Psychiatry, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Xin-Yu Cai
- Department of Physiology and Department of Psychiatry, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Yin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cranial Cerebral Diseases, Department of Neurobiology of Basic Medical College, Ningxia Medical UniversityYinchuanChina
| | - Na Wang
- Department of Physiology and Department of Psychiatry, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Sheng-Jian Ji
- Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhenChina
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Physiology and Department of Psychiatry, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | | | - J Julius Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, University of VirginiaCharlottesvilleUnited States
| | - Chris I De Zeeuw
- Department of Neuroscience, Erasmus MCRotterdamNetherlands
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Royal Academy of SciencesAmsterdamNetherlands
| | - Ying Shen
- Department of Physiology and Department of Psychiatry, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
- International Institutes of Medicine, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of MedicineYiwuChina
- Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
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6
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Sakanoue W, Yokoyama T, Hirakawa M, Maesawa S, Sato K, Saino T. 3-Iodothyronamine, a trace amine-associated receptor agonist, regulates intracellular Ca2+ increases via CaMK II through Epac2 in rat cerebral arterioles. Biomed Res 2023; 44:219-232. [PMID: 37779034 DOI: 10.2220/biomedres.44.219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Trace amines (TAs) in the nervous system bind to TA-associated receptors (TAARs) and are involved in the regulation of monoaminergic functions. Among TAAR subtypes, TAAR1 has been implicated in the development of neurological disorders, such as schizophrenia. The present study investigated the effects of the TAAR1 agonist, 3-iodothyronamine (T1AM) on cerebral arterioles using fluctuations in the intracellular concentration of Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) as an index of contractile responses. In cerebral arterioles, most of the TAAR agonists did not increase [Ca2+]i, while only T1AM elevated [Ca2+]i in vascular smooth muscle cells. This increase involved extracellular Ca2+ influx through T-type Ca2+ channels and inositol trisphosphate- and ryanodine-receptor-mediated Ca2+ release from intracellular stores. The inhibition of the cAMP sensor, exchange protein directly activated by cAMP (Epac) 2, and calmodulin kinase (CaMK) II strongly inhibited Ca2+ elevations. The present study revealed that T1AM acted not only on the TAAR1 receptor as previously suggested, but also on other G-protein coupled receptors and/or signal transduction systems to increase intracellular Ca2+ in cerebral arteriole smooth muscle cells. These results suggest that when using T1AM in clinical practice, attention should be paid to the early rise in blood pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wakana Sakanoue
- Division of Dental Anesthesiology, Department of Reconstructive Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Iwate Medical University, Yahaba, Japan
| | - Takuya Yokoyama
- Laboratory of Veterinary Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, Morioka, Japan
| | - Masato Hirakawa
- Department of Anatomy (Cell Biology), Iwate Medical University, Yahaba, Japan
| | - Satsuki Maesawa
- Division of Dental Anesthesiology, Department of Reconstructive Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Iwate Medical University, Yahaba, Japan
| | - Kenichi Sato
- Division of Dental Anesthesiology, Department of Reconstructive Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Iwate Medical University, Yahaba, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Saino
- Department of Anatomy (Cell Biology), Iwate Medical University, Yahaba, Japan
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7
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Balbach M, Ghanem L, Rossetti T, Kaur N, Ritagliati C, Ferreira J, Krapf D, Puga Molina LC, Santi CM, Hansen JN, Wachten D, Fushimi M, Meinke PT, Buck J, Levin LR. Soluble adenylyl cyclase inhibition prevents human sperm functions essential for fertilization. Mol Hum Reprod 2021; 27:6360468. [PMID: 34463764 DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gaab054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Soluble adenylyl cyclase (sAC: ADCY10) has been genetically confirmed to be essential for male fertility in mice and humans. In mice, ex vivo studies of dormant, caudal epididymal sperm demonstrated that sAC is required for initiating capacitation and activating motility. We now use an improved sAC inhibitor, TDI-10229, for a comprehensive analysis of sAC function in mouse and human sperm. In contrast to caudal epididymal mouse sperm, human sperm are collected post-ejaculation, after sAC activity has already been stimulated. In addition to preventing the capacitation-induced stimulation of sAC and protein kinase A activities, tyrosine phosphorylation, alkalinization, beat frequency and acrosome reaction in dormant mouse sperm, sAC inhibitors interrupt each of these capacitation-induced changes in ejaculated human sperm. Furthermore, we show for the first time that sAC is required during acrosomal exocytosis in mouse and human sperm. These data define sAC inhibitors as candidates for non-hormonal, on-demand contraceptives suitable for delivery via intravaginal devices in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Balbach
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Lubna Ghanem
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Thomas Rossetti
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Navpreet Kaur
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Carla Ritagliati
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York City, NY, USA.,Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction Networks, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Jacob Ferreira
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Dario Krapf
- Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction Networks, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Lis C Puga Molina
- Department of OB/GYN, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Celia Maria Santi
- Department of OB/GYN, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jan Niklas Hansen
- Biophysical Imaging, Institute of Innate Immunity, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Dagmar Wachten
- Biophysical Imaging, Institute of Innate Immunity, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Makoto Fushimi
- Tri-Institutional Therapeutics Discovery Institute, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Peter T Meinke
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York City, NY, USA.,Tri-Institutional Therapeutics Discovery Institute, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Jochen Buck
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Lonny R Levin
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York City, NY, USA
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8
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Suhaiman L, Altamirano KN, Morales A, Belmonte SA. Different Approaches to Record Human Sperm Exocytosis. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2233:139-168. [PMID: 33222133 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1044-2_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
Acrosome reaction is an exocytic process that enables a sperm to penetrate the zona pellucida and fertilize an egg. The process involves the fenestration and vesiculation of the sperm plasma membrane and outer acrosomal membrane, releasing the acrosomal content. Given the importance of the acrosome secretion in fertilization, many different methods have been developed to detect the acrosome reaction of sperm. In this chapter, we describe detailed practical procedures to assess the acrosomal status of human spermatozoa. To do this, we resorted to light optical and epifluorescence microscopy, flow cytometry, and transmission electron microscopy. We also itemize the protocol for real-time measurements of the acrosome reaction by confocal microscopy. Further, we discuss the level of complexity, costs, and the reasons why a researcher should choose each technique.This chapter is designed to provide the user with sufficient background to measure acrosomal exocytosis in human sperm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laila Suhaiman
- Instituto Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Básicas (ICB) CONICET. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Karina Noel Altamirano
- Instituto de Histología y Embriología de Mendoza (IHEM) "Dr. Mario H. Burgos". CONICET. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Alfonsina Morales
- Instituto de Histología y Embriología de Mendoza (IHEM) "Dr. Mario H. Burgos". CONICET. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Silvia Alejandra Belmonte
- Instituto de Histología y Embriología de Mendoza (IHEM) "Dr. Mario H. Burgos". CONICET. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina.
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9
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Mata-Martínez E, Sánchez-Tusie AA, Darszon A, Mayorga LS, Treviño CL, De Blas GA. Epac activation induces an extracellular Ca 2+ -independent Ca 2+ wave that triggers acrosome reaction in human spermatozoa. Andrology 2021; 9:1227-1241. [PMID: 33609309 DOI: 10.1111/andr.12989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The signaling pathways of the intracellular second messengers cAMP and Ca2+ play a crucial role in numerous physiological processes in human spermatozoa. One such process is the acrosome reaction (AR), which is necessary for spermatozoa to traverse the egg envelope and to expose a fusogenic membrane allowing the egg-sperm fusion. Progesterone and zona pellucida elicit an intracellular Ca2+ increase that is needed for the AR in the mammalian spermatozoa. This increase is mediated by an initial Ca2+ influx but also by a release from intracellular Ca2+ stores. It is known that intracellular Ca2+ stores play a central role in the regulation of [Ca2+ ]i and in the generation of complex Ca2+ signals such as oscillations and waves. In the human spermatozoa, it has been proposed that the cAMP analog and specific agonist of Epac 8-(p-chlorophenylthio)-2'-O-methyladenosine-3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (2'-O-Me-cAMP) elicits an intracellular Ca2+ release involved in the AR. OBJECTIVE To identify the molecular entities involved in the Ca2+ mobilization triggered by 2'-O-Me-cAMP in human spermatozoa. MATERIALS AND METHODS In capacitated human spermatozoa, we monitored Ca2+ dynamics and the occurrence of the AR in real time using Fluo 3-AM and FM4-64 in a Ca2+ -free medium. RESULTS Epac activation by 2'-O-Me-cAMP induced a Ca2+ wave that started in the midpiece and propagated to the acrosome region. This Ca2+ response was sensitive to rotenone, CGP, xestospongin, NED-19, and thapsigargin, suggesting the participation of different ion transporters (mitochondrial complex I and Na+ /Ca2+ exchanger, inositol 3-phosphate receptors, two-pore channels and internal store Ca2+ -ATPases). DISCUSSION Our results suggest that Epac activation promotes a dynamic crosstalk between three different intracellular Ca2+ stores: the mitochondria, the redundant nuclear envelope, and the acrosome. CONCLUSION The Ca2+ wave triggered by Epac activation is necessary to induce the AR and to enhance the flagellar beat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esperanza Mata-Martínez
- Laboratorio de Fusión de Membranas y Exocitosis Acrosomal, Instituto de Histología y Embriología Dr. Mario H. Burgos (IHEM), Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, CONICET, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Ana Alicia Sánchez-Tusie
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Celular y Molecular, Departamento de Investigación Biomédica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, México
| | - Alberto Darszon
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Morelos, México
| | - Luis S Mayorga
- Laboratorio de Fusión de Membranas y Exocitosis Acrosomal, Instituto de Histología y Embriología Dr. Mario H. Burgos (IHEM), Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, CONICET, Mendoza, Argentina.,Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Claudia L Treviño
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Morelos, México
| | - Gerardo A De Blas
- Laboratorio de Fusión de Membranas y Exocitosis Acrosomal, Instituto de Histología y Embriología Dr. Mario H. Burgos (IHEM), Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, CONICET, Mendoza, Argentina.,Laboratorio de Teleanálisis e Investigación Traslacional, Área Farmacología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
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10
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Li YY, Jia YP, Duan LY, Li KM. Participation of the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate-gated calcium channel in the zona pellucida- and progesterone-induced acrosome reaction and calcium influx in human spermatozoa. Asian J Androl 2021; 22:192-199. [PMID: 31169139 PMCID: PMC7155789 DOI: 10.4103/aja.aja_44_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The acrosome reaction is a prerequisite for fertilization, and its signaling pathway has been investigated for decades. Regardless of the type of inducers present, the acrosome reaction is ultimately mediated by the elevation of cytosolic calcium. Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate-gated calcium channels are important components of the acrosome reaction signaling pathway and have been confirmed by several researchers. In this study, we used a novel permeabilization tool BioPORTER® and first demonstrated its effectiveness in spermatozoa. The inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate type-1 receptor antibody was introduced into spermatozoa by BioPORTER® and significantly reduced the calcium influx and acrosome reaction induced by progesterone, solubilized zona pellucida, and the calcium ionophore A23187. This finding indicates that the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate type-1 receptor antibody is a valid inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor inhibitor and provides evidence of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate-gated calcium channel involvement in the acrosome reaction in human spermatozoa. Moreover, we demonstrated that the transfer of 1,4,5-trisphosphate into spermatozoa induced acrosome reactions, which provides more reliable evidence for this process. In addition, by treating the spermatozoa with inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate/BioPORTER® in the presence or absence of calcium in the culture medium, we showed that the opening of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate-gated calcium channels led to extracellular calcium influx. This particular extracellular calcium influx may be the major process of the final step of the acrosome reaction signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Ya Li
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201204, China
| | - Yan-Ping Jia
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201204, China
| | - Li-Yan Duan
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201204, China
| | - Kun-Ming Li
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201204, China
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11
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Baro Graf C, Ritagliati C, Stival C, Luque GM, Gentile I, Buffone MG, Krapf D. Everything you ever wanted to know about PKA regulation and its involvement in mammalian sperm capacitation. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2020; 518:110992. [PMID: 32853743 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2020.110992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The 3', 5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) dependent protein kinase (PKA) is a tetrameric holoenzyme comprising a set of two regulatory subunits (PKA-R) and two catalytic (PKA-C) subunits. The PKA-R subunits act as sensors of cAMP and allow PKA-C activity. One of the first signaling events observed during mammalian sperm capacitation is PKA activation. Thus, understanding how PKA activity is restricted in space and time is crucial to decipher the critical steps of sperm capacitation. It is widely accepted that PKA specificity depends on several levels of regulation. Anchoring proteins play a pivotal role in achieving proper localization signaling, subcellular targeting and cAMP microdomains. These multi-factorial regulation steps are necessary for a precise spatio-temporal activation of PKA. Here we discuss recent understanding of regulatory mechanisms of PKA in mammalian sperm, such as post-translational modifications, in the context of its role as the master orchestrator of molecular events conducive to capacitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Baro Graf
- Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction Networks, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario (IBR), CONICET-UNR, Rosario, Argentina; Laboratorio de Medicina Reproductiva (LMR), Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Carla Ritagliati
- Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction Networks, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario (IBR), CONICET-UNR, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Cintia Stival
- Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction Networks, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario (IBR), CONICET-UNR, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Guillermina M Luque
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Reproductive Biology, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Iñaki Gentile
- Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction Networks, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario (IBR), CONICET-UNR, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Mariano G Buffone
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Reproductive Biology, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Dario Krapf
- Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction Networks, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario (IBR), CONICET-UNR, Rosario, Argentina; Laboratorio de Medicina Reproductiva (LMR), Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Rosario, Argentina.
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12
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Balestrini PA, Jabloñski M, Schiavi-Ehrenhaus LJ, Marín-Briggiler CI, Sánchez-Cárdenas C, Darszon A, Krapf D, Buffone MG. Seeing is believing: Current methods to observe sperm acrosomal exocytosis in real time. Mol Reprod Dev 2020; 87:1188-1198. [PMID: 33118273 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.23431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Acrosomal exocytosis (AR) is a critical process that sperm need to undergo to fertilize an egg. The evaluation of the presence or absence of the acrosome is usually performed by using lectins or dyes in fixed cells. With this approach, it is neither possible to monitor the dynamic process of exocytosis and related molecular events while discriminating between live and dead cells, nor to evaluate the acrosomal status while sperm reside in the female reproductive tract. However, over the last two decades, several new methodologies have been used to assess the occurrence of AR in living cells allowing different groups to obtain information that was not possible in the past. These techniques have revolutionized the whole study of this process. This review summarizes current methods available to analyze AR in living cells as well as the important information that emerged from studies using these approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula A Balestrini
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Martina Jabloñski
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | | | - Claudia Sánchez-Cárdenas
- Departamento de Genética del Desarrollo y Fisiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - Alberto Darszon
- Departamento de Genética del Desarrollo y Fisiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - Darío Krapf
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario, CONICET-UNR, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Mariano G Buffone
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
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13
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Gimeno-Martos S, Miguel-Jiménez S, Casao A, Cebrián-Pérez JA, Muiño-Blanco T, Pérez-Pe R. Underlying molecular mechanism in the modulation of the ram sperm acrosome reaction by progesterone and 17β-estradiol. Anim Reprod Sci 2020; 221:106567. [PMID: 32861117 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2020.106567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Steroid hormones progesterone (P4) and 17β-estradiol (E2) not only have important functions in regulation of reproductive processes in mammals but also have direct effects on spermatozoa. There can be induction of the acrosome reaction in ram spermatozoa by P4 and E2 and, in the present study, there was further investigation of mechanisms underlying this effect. In a medium containing agents that increase cAMP, the presence of both P4 and E2 led to changes in the localization of proteins phosphorylated in tyrosine residues evaluated by indirect immunofluorescence. The inclusion of P4 at 1 μM in the media induced an increase in Ca2+i and mobilization in the area of the acrosome (Fluo-4 and Rhod-5 staining, respectively), an increase in ROS (H2DCFDA staining) and a substantial disruption of the acrosome (evaluated using RCA), while E2 did not have these effects. There were no effects on cAMP concentrations or PKA activity with inclusion of these hormones in the media. The inclusion of P4 at 100 pM in the media led to changes in values for sperm kinematic variables which could indicate there was an inhibition of the hyperactivation caused by agents that induce an increase in cAMP concentrations. In conclusion, results from the present study indicate that P4 and E2 promote mechanisms regulating the acrosome reaction in ram spermatozoa, however, these effects on mechanisms are different for the two hormones, and for E2, require further clarification.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Gimeno-Martos
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cell Biology, Institute of Environmental Sciences of Aragón (IUCA), School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zaragoza, C/Miguel Servet 177, 50013, Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - S Miguel-Jiménez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cell Biology, Institute of Environmental Sciences of Aragón (IUCA), School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zaragoza, C/Miguel Servet 177, 50013, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - A Casao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cell Biology, Institute of Environmental Sciences of Aragón (IUCA), School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zaragoza, C/Miguel Servet 177, 50013, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - J A Cebrián-Pérez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cell Biology, Institute of Environmental Sciences of Aragón (IUCA), School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zaragoza, C/Miguel Servet 177, 50013, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - T Muiño-Blanco
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cell Biology, Institute of Environmental Sciences of Aragón (IUCA), School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zaragoza, C/Miguel Servet 177, 50013, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - R Pérez-Pe
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cell Biology, Institute of Environmental Sciences of Aragón (IUCA), School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zaragoza, C/Miguel Servet 177, 50013, Zaragoza, Spain
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14
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Wang T, Young S, Krenz H, Tüttelmann F, Röpke A, Krallmann C, Kliesch S, Zeng XH, Brenker C, Strünker T. The Ca 2+ channel CatSper is not activated by cAMP/PKA signaling but directly affected by chemicals used to probe the action of cAMP and PKA. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:13181-13193. [PMID: 32703901 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.013218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The sperm-specific Ca2+ channel CatSper (cation channel of sperm) controls the influx of Ca2+ into the flagellum and, thereby, the swimming behavior of sperm. A hallmark of human CatSper is its polymodal activation by membrane voltage, intracellular pH, and oviductal hormones. Whether CatSper is also activated by signaling pathways involving an increase of cAMP and ensuing activation of PKA is, however, a matter of controversy. To shed light on this question, we used kinetic ion-sensitive fluorometry, patch-clamp recordings, and optochemistry to study transmembrane Ca2+ flux and membrane currents in human sperm from healthy donors and from patients that lack functional CatSper channels. We found that human CatSper is neither activated by intracellular cAMP directly nor indirectly by the cAMP/PKA-signaling pathway. Instead, we show that nonphysiological concentrations of cAMP and membrane-permeable cAMP analogs used to mimic the action of intracellular cAMP activate human CatSper from the outside via a hitherto-unknown extracellular binding site. Finally, we demonstrate that the effects of common PKA inhibitors on human CatSper rest predominantly, if not exclusively, on off-target drug actions on CatSper itself rather than on inhibition of PKA. We conclude that the concept of an intracellular cAMP/PKA-activation of CatSper is primarily based on unspecific effects of chemical probes used to interfere with cAMP signaling. Altogether, our findings solve several controversial issues and reveal a novel ligand-binding site controlling the activity of CatSper, which has important bearings on future studies of cAMP and Ca2+ signaling in sperm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- Institute of Life Science and School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China; Centre of Reproductive Medicine and Andrology, University Hospital Münster, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Samuel Young
- Centre of Reproductive Medicine and Andrology, University Hospital Münster, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Henrike Krenz
- Institute of Medical Informatics, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Frank Tüttelmann
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Albrecht Röpke
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Claudia Krallmann
- Centre of Reproductive Medicine and Andrology, University Hospital Münster, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Sabine Kliesch
- Centre of Reproductive Medicine and Andrology, University Hospital Münster, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Xu-Hui Zeng
- Institute of Life Science and School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Christoph Brenker
- Centre of Reproductive Medicine and Andrology, University Hospital Münster, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
| | - Timo Strünker
- Centre of Reproductive Medicine and Andrology, University Hospital Münster, University of Münster, Münster, Germany; Cells in Motion Interfaculty Centre, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
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15
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Domingues WB, Blodorn EB, Martins ASW, Dellagostin EN, Komninou ER, Hurtado JI, Corcini CD, Varela Junior AS, Pinto LS, Kremer FS, Collares T, Pinhal D, Greif G, Robello C, Schneider A, Guo S, Campos VF. Transfection of exogenous DNA complexed to cationic dendrimer induces alterations of bovine sperm microRNAome. Theriogenology 2020; 156:11-19. [PMID: 32650250 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2020.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs have been hypothesized to be involved in the regulation of male fertility potential. The primary aim of our study was to demonstrate the effects of transfection with dendrimer nanostructure on the parameters of bovine sperm quality and to investigate whether the microRNA profile could be disturbed after cationic dendrimer-mediated exogenous DNA transfection of bovine spermatozoa. The binding of exogenous DNA was significantly increased when dendrimer-based transfection was implemented. However, cationic dendrimer transfection induced detrimental changes in the kinetics and sperm quality parameters, such as membrane integrity, acrosome reaction, and mitochondrial membrane potential, when compared to the control group. Sperm microRNA sequencing revealed 218 known and 106 novel microRNAs in the sperm samples, among which nine were dysregulated after transfection (one was upregulated and eight were downregulated), in comparison to the non-transfected sperm. All the dysregulated microRNAs were related to sperm quality and embryonic development. These results suggest that the transfection process using the dendrimer nanostructure has an impact on the quality and microRNA profile of bovine sperm.
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Affiliation(s)
- William B Domingues
- Laboratório de Genômica Estrutural, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Eduardo B Blodorn
- Laboratório de Genômica Estrutural, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Amanda S W Martins
- Laboratório de Genômica Estrutural, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Eduardo N Dellagostin
- Laboratório de Genômica Estrutural, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Eliza R Komninou
- Laboratório de Reprodução Animal, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Joaquin I Hurtado
- Unidad de Biología Molecular, Institut Pasteur, Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Carine D Corcini
- Laboratório de Reprodução Animal, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Antonio S Varela Junior
- Laboratório de Reprodução Animal, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Luciano S Pinto
- Laboratório de Bioinformática e Proteômica, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Frederico S Kremer
- Laboratório de Bioinformática e Proteômica, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Tiago Collares
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia do Câncer, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Danillo Pinhal
- Laboratório Genômica e Evolução Molecular, Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Biociências de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Botucatu, RS, Brazil
| | - Gonzalo Greif
- Unidad de Biología Molecular, Institut Pasteur, Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Carlos Robello
- Unidad de Biología Molecular, Institut Pasteur, Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Augusto Schneider
- Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Su Guo
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Programs in Human Genetics and Biological Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Vinicius F Campos
- Laboratório de Genômica Estrutural, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil.
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16
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Itzhakov D, Nitzan Y, Breitbart H. Protein kinase A inhibition induces EPAC-dependent acrosomal exocytosis in human sperm. Asian J Androl 2020; 21:337-344. [PMID: 30632486 PMCID: PMC6628745 DOI: 10.4103/aja.aja_99_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
To interact with the egg, the spermatozoon must undergo several biochemical and motility modifications in the female reproductive tract, collectively called capacitation. Only capacitated sperm can undergo acrosomal exocytosis, near or on the egg, a process that allows the sperm to penetrate and fertilize the egg. In the present study, we investigated the involvement of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)-dependent processes on acrosomal exocytosis. Inhibition of protein kinase A (PKA) at the end of capacitation induced acrosomal exocytosis. This process is cAMP-dependent; however, the addition of relatively high concentration of the membrane-permeable 8-bromo-cAMP (8Br-cAMP, 0.1 mmol l−1) analog induced significant inhibition of the acrosomal exocytosis. The induction of acrosomal exocytosis by PKA inhibition was significantly inhibited by an exchange protein directly activated by cAMP (EPAC) ESI09 inhibitor. The EPAC selective substrate activated AE at relatively low concentrations (0.02–0.1 μmol l−1), whereas higher concentrations (>5 μmol l−1) were inhibitory to the AE induced by PKA inhibition. Inhibition of PKA revealed about 50% increase in intracellular cAMP levels, conditions under which EPAC can be activated to induce the AE. Induction of AE by activating the actin severing-protein, gelsolin, which causes F-actin dispersion, was inhibited by the EPAC inhibitor. The AE induced by PKA inhibition was mediated by phospholipase C activity but not by the Ca2+-channel, CatSper. Thus, inhibition of PKA at the end of the capacitation process induced EPAC/phospholipase C-dependent acrosomal exocytosis. EPAC mediates F-actin depolymerization and/or activation of effectors downstream to F-actin breakdown that lead to acrosomal exocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Itzhakov
- The Mina and Everard Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel
| | - Yeshayahu Nitzan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Zefat Academic College, Zefat 1320611, Israel
| | - Haim Breitbart
- The Mina and Everard Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel
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17
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Vaquer CC, Suhaiman L, Pavarotti MA, De Blas GA, Belmonte SA. Ceramide induces a multicomponent intracellular calcium increase triggering the acrosome secretion in human sperm. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2020; 1867:118704. [PMID: 32194132 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2020.118704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Exocytosis of spermatozoon's secretory vesicle, named acrosome reaction (AR), is a regulated event that plays a central role in fertilization. It is coupled to a complex calcium signaling. Ceramide is a multitasking lipid involved in exocytosis. Nevertheless, its effect on secretion is controversial and the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms remain unknown. Human spermatozoa are useful to dissect the role of ceramide in secretion given that the gamete is not capable to undergo any trafficking mechanisms other than exocytosis. We report for the first time, the presence of sphingolipid metabolism enzymes such as neutral-sphingomyelinase and ceramide synthase in sperm. Ceramidases are also present and active. Both the addition of cell-permeable ceramide and the rise of the endogenous one, increase intracellular calcium acting as potent inducers of exocytosis. Ceramide triggers AR in capacitated spermatozoa and enhances the gamete response to progesterone. The lipid induces physiological ultrastructural changes in the acrosome and triggers an exocytosis-signaling cascade involving protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B and VAMP2. Real-time imaging showed an increment of calcium in the cytosol upon ceramide treatment either in the absence or in the presence of extracellular calcium. Pharmacological experiments demonstrate that at early stages the process involves ryanodine receptors, CatSper (calcium channel of sperm), and store-operated calcium channels. We set out the signaling sequence of events that connect ceramide to internal calcium mobilization and external calcium signals during secretion. These results allow the coordination of lipids and proteins in a pathway that accomplishes secretion. Our findings contribute to the understanding of ceramide's role in regulated exocytosis and fertilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cintia Celina Vaquer
- Instituto de Histología y Embriología de Mendoza (IHEM) "Dr. Mario H. Burgos", CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, 5500 Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Laila Suhaiman
- Instituto Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Básicas (ICB), CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, 5500 Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Martín Alejandro Pavarotti
- Instituto de Histología y Embriología de Mendoza (IHEM) "Dr. Mario H. Burgos", CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, 5500 Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Gerardo Andrés De Blas
- Instituto de Histología y Embriología de Mendoza (IHEM) "Dr. Mario H. Burgos", CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, 5500 Mendoza, Argentina; Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Silvia Alejandra Belmonte
- Instituto de Histología y Embriología de Mendoza (IHEM) "Dr. Mario H. Burgos", CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, 5500 Mendoza, Argentina; Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina.
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18
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Fraser L, Brym P, Pareek CS, Mogielnicka-Brzozowska M, Paukszto Ł, Jastrzębski JP, Wasilewska-Sakowska K, Mańkowska A, Sobiech P, Żukowski K. Transcriptome analysis of boar spermatozoa with different freezability using RNA-Seq. Theriogenology 2019; 142:400-413. [PMID: 31711689 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2019.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2019] [Revised: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Semen freezability is associated with genetic markers, and there is a diverse set of sperm transcripts that have been attributed to various cellular functions. RNA-Seq was performed to compare the transcript profiles of spermatozoa from boars with different semen freezability. We examined ejaculates from the Polish large white (PLW) boars that were classified as having good and poor semen freezability (GSF and PSF, respectively; n = 3 boars per group) by assessing post-thaw motility characteristics, mitochondrial membrane potential, plasma membrane and acrosome integrity. Total RNA was isolated from fresh spermatozoa from boars of the GSF and PSF groups and subjected to RNA-Seq (Illumina NextSeq 500 platform). Transcript abundance was assessed with the DESeq2, DESeq, and EdgeR Bioconductor R packages, and varying numbers of differentially expressed gene (DEG) transcripts were detected in the spermatozoa of each boar. Using RNA-Seq, we identified several genes associated with inflammation and apoptosis (FOS, NFATC3, ITGAL, EAF2 and ZDHHC14), spermatogenesis (FGF-14 and BAMBI), autophagy (RAB33B), protein phosphorylation (PTPRU and PTPN2) and energy metabolism (ND6 and ACADM) that were predominantly up-regulated in poor freezability ejaculates. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) validated the transcript expression levels detected by RNA-Seq and thus confirmed the reliability of this technique. Subsequent validation with western blotting showed that the expression of three proteins was in accordance with the transcript abundance. Overall, we demonstrated that the up-regulation of the DEG transcripts in spermatozoa was associated with poor semen freezability. We suggest that spermatozoa transcriptome profiling provides a foundation to further elucidate the relevance of sperm-related transcripts on cryo-survival. The sperm-related transcripts, namely FOS, NFATC3, EAF2, BAMBI, PTPRU, PTPN2, ND6 and ACADM, are potential markers for predicting the freezability of boar semen.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Fraser
- Department of Animal Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Animal Bioengineering, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719, Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - P Brym
- Department of Animal Genetics, Faculty of Animal Bioengineering, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - C S Pareek
- Centre of Veterinary Sciences, Inter-University Centre of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 87-100, Torun, Poland
| | - M Mogielnicka-Brzozowska
- Department of Animal Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Animal Bioengineering, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Ł Paukszto
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University in Olsztyn of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - J P Jastrzębski
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University in Olsztyn of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - K Wasilewska-Sakowska
- Department of Animal Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Animal Bioengineering, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - A Mańkowska
- Department of Animal Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Animal Bioengineering, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - P Sobiech
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Internal Disease Unit, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - K Żukowski
- Department of Cattle Breeding, National Research Institute of Animal Production, 32-083, Balice, Poland
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19
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Quevedo MF, Bustos MA, Masone D, Roggero CM, Bustos DM, Tomes CN. Grab recruitment by Rab27A-Rabphilin3a triggers Rab3A activation in human sperm exocytosis. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2019; 1866:612-622. [PMID: 30599141 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2018.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Revised: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Sperm must undergo the regulated exocytosis of its dense core granule (the acrosome reaction, AR) to fertilize the egg. We have previously described that Rabs3 and 27 are organized in a RabGEF cascade within the signaling pathway elicited by exocytosis stimuli in human sperm. Here, we report the identity and the role of two molecules that link these secretory Rabs in the RabGEF cascade: Rabphilin3a and GRAB. Like Rab3 and Rab27, GRAB and Rabphilin3a are present, localize to the acrosomal region and are required for calcium-triggered exocytosis in human sperm. Sequestration of either protein with specific antibodies introduced into streptolysin O-permeabilized sperm impairs the activation of Rab3 in the acrosomal region elicited by calcium, but not that of Rab27. Biochemical and functional assays indicate that Rabphilin3a behaves as a Rab27 effector during the AR and that GRAB exhibits GEF activity toward Rab3A. Recombinant, active Rab27A pulls down Rabphilin3a and GRAB from human sperm extracts. Conversely, immobilized Rabphilin3a recruits Rab27 and GRAB; the latter promotes Rab3A activation. The enzymatic activity of GRAB toward Rab3A was also suggested by in silico and in vitro assays with purified proteins. In summary, we describe here a signaling module where Rab27A-GTP interacts with Rabphilin3a, which in turn recruits a guanine nucleotide-exchange activity toward Rab3A. This is the first description of the interaction of Rabphilin3a with a GEF. Because the machinery that drives exocytosis is highly conserved, it is tempting to hypothesize that the RabGEF cascade unveiled here might be part of the molecular mechanisms that drive exocytosis in other secretory systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Florencia Quevedo
- Instituto de Histologia y Embriologia de Mendoza (IHEM) Dr. Mario H. Burgos-CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, 5500 Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Matías Alberto Bustos
- Instituto de Histologia y Embriologia de Mendoza (IHEM) Dr. Mario H. Burgos-CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, 5500 Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Diego Masone
- Instituto de Histologia y Embriologia de Mendoza (IHEM) Dr. Mario H. Burgos-CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, 5500 Mendoza, Argentina; Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Argentina
| | | | - Diego Martín Bustos
- Instituto de Histologia y Embriologia de Mendoza (IHEM) Dr. Mario H. Burgos-CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, 5500 Mendoza, Argentina; Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Argentina
| | - Claudia Nora Tomes
- Instituto de Histologia y Embriologia de Mendoza (IHEM) Dr. Mario H. Burgos-CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, 5500 Mendoza, Argentina; Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Argentina; Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Argentina.
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20
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Romarowski A, Velasco Félix ÁG, Torres Rodríguez P, Gervasi MG, Xu X, Luque GM, Contreras-Jiménez G, Sánchez-Cárdenas C, Ramírez-Gómez HV, Krapf D, Visconti PE, Krapf D, Guerrero A, Darszon A, Buffone MG. Super-resolution imaging of live sperm reveals dynamic changes of the actin cytoskeleton during acrosomal exocytosis. J Cell Sci 2018; 131:jcs.218958. [PMID: 30301778 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.218958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Filamentous actin (F-actin) is a key factor in exocytosis in many cell types. In mammalian sperm, acrosomal exocytosis (denoted the acrosome reaction or AR), a special type of controlled secretion, is regulated by multiple signaling pathways and the actin cytoskeleton. However, the dynamic changes of the actin cytoskeleton in live sperm are largely not understood. Here, we used the powerful properties of SiR-actin to examine actin dynamics in live mouse sperm at the onset of the AR. By using a combination of super-resolution microscopy techniques to image sperm loaded with SiR-actin or sperm from transgenic mice containing Lifeact-EGFP, six regions containing F-actin within the sperm head were revealed. The proportion of sperm possessing these structures changed upon capacitation. By performing live-cell imaging experiments, we report that dynamic changes of F-actin during the AR occur in specific regions of the sperm head. While certain F-actin regions undergo depolymerization prior to the initiation of the AR, others remain unaltered or are lost after exocytosis occurs. Our work emphasizes the utility of live-cell nanoscopy, which will undoubtedly impact the search for mechanisms that underlie basic sperm functions.This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Romarowski
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires C1428ADN, Argentina
| | - Ángel G Velasco Félix
- Laboratorio Nacional de Microscopía Avanzada, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Cuernavaca, Morelos 62210, México
| | - Paulina Torres Rodríguez
- Departamento de Genética del Desarrollo y Fisiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Cuernavaca, Morelos 62210, México
| | - María G Gervasi
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Science, Paige Labs, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Xinran Xu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering, 1301 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Guillermina M Luque
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires C1428ADN, Argentina
| | - Gastón Contreras-Jiménez
- Departamento de Genética del Desarrollo y Fisiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Cuernavaca, Morelos 62210, México
| | - Claudia Sánchez-Cárdenas
- Departamento de Genética del Desarrollo y Fisiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Cuernavaca, Morelos 62210, México
| | - Héctor V Ramírez-Gómez
- Departamento de Genética del Desarrollo y Fisiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Cuernavaca, Morelos 62210, México
| | - Diego Krapf
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering, 1301 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Pablo E Visconti
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Science, Paige Labs, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Dario Krapf
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario (CONICET-UNR), Rosario, Santa Fe S2000EZP, Argentina
| | - Adán Guerrero
- Laboratorio Nacional de Microscopía Avanzada, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Cuernavaca, Morelos 62210, México
| | - Alberto Darszon
- Departamento de Genética del Desarrollo y Fisiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Cuernavaca, Morelos 62210, México
| | - Mariano G Buffone
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires C1428ADN, Argentina
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21
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Ritagliati C, Luque GM, Stival C, Baro Graf C, Buffone MG, Krapf D. Lysine acetylation modulates mouse sperm capacitation. Sci Rep 2018; 8:13334. [PMID: 30190490 PMCID: PMC6127136 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-31557-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammalian sperm are unable to fertilize the egg immediately after ejaculation. To gain fertilization competence, they need to undergo a series of modifications inside the female reproductive tract, known as capacitation. Capacitation involves several molecular events such as phosphorylation cascades, hyperpolarization of the plasma membrane and intracellular Ca2+ changes, which prepare the sperm to develop two essential features for fertilization competence: hyperactivation and acrosome reaction. Since sperm cells lack new protein biosynthesis, post-translational modification of existing proteins plays a crucial role to obtain full functionality. Here, we show the presence of acetylated proteins in murine sperm, which increase during capacitation. Pharmacological hyperacetylation of lysine residues in non-capacitated sperm induces activation of PKA, hyperpolarization of the sperm plasma membrane, CatSper opening and Ca2+ influx, all capacitation-associated molecular events. Furthermore, hyperacetylation of non-capacitated sperm promotes hyperactivation and prepares the sperm to undergo acrosome reaction. Together, these results indicate that acetylation could be involved in the acquisition of fertilization competence of mammalian sperm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Ritagliati
- Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction Networks, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario (IBR), CONICET-UNR, Rosario, 2000, Argentina
| | - Guillermina M Luque
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Reproductive Biology, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Buenos Aires, C1428ADN, Argentina
| | - Cintia Stival
- Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction Networks, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario (IBR), CONICET-UNR, Rosario, 2000, Argentina
| | - Carolina Baro Graf
- Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction Networks, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario (IBR), CONICET-UNR, Rosario, 2000, Argentina
| | - Mariano G Buffone
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Reproductive Biology, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Buenos Aires, C1428ADN, Argentina
| | - Dario Krapf
- Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction Networks, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario (IBR), CONICET-UNR, Rosario, 2000, Argentina.
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22
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Balbach M, Beckert V, Hansen JN, Wachten D. Shedding light on the role of cAMP in mammalian sperm physiology. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2018; 468:111-120. [PMID: 29146556 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2017.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Revised: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Mammalian fertilization relies on sperm finding the egg and penetrating the egg vestments. All steps in a sperm's lifetime crucially rely on changes in the second messenger cAMP (cyclic adenosine monophosphate). In recent years, it has become clear that signal transduction in sperm is not a continuum, but rather organized in subcellular domains, e.g. the sperm head and the sperm flagellum, with the latter being further separated into the midpiece, principal piece, and endpiece. To understand the underlying signaling pathways controlling sperm function in more detail, experimental approaches are needed that allow to study sperm signaling with spatial and temporal precision. Here, we will give a comprehensive overview on cAMP signaling in mammalian sperm, describing the molecular players involved in these pathways and the sperm functions that are controlled by cAMP. Furthermore, we will highlight recent advances in analyzing and manipulating sperm signaling with spatio-temporal precision using light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Balbach
- Center of Advanced European Studies and Research (caesar), Department of Molecular Sensory Systems, Bonn, Germany
| | - Vera Beckert
- Institute of Innate Immunity, University Hospital, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jan N Hansen
- Institute of Innate Immunity, University Hospital, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Dagmar Wachten
- Institute of Innate Immunity, University Hospital, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany; Center of Advanced European Studies and Research (caesar), Minerva Max Planck Research Group, Molecular Physiology, Bonn, Germany.
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23
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Ritagliati C, Baro Graf C, Stival C, Krapf D. Regulation mechanisms and implications of sperm membrane hyperpolarization. Mech Dev 2018; 154:33-43. [PMID: 29694849 DOI: 10.1016/j.mod.2018.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Revised: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Mammalian sperm are unable to fertilize the egg immediately after ejaculation. In order to gain fertilization competence, they need to undergo a series of biochemical and physiological modifications inside the female reproductive tract, known as capacitation. Capacitation correlates with two essential events for fertilization: hyperactivation, an asymmetric and vigorous flagellar motility, and the ability to undergo the acrosome reaction. At a molecular level, capacitation is associated to: phosphorylation cascades, modification of membrane lipids, alkalinization of the intracellular pH, increase in the intracellular Ca2+ concentration and hyperpolarization of the sperm plasma membrane potential. Hyperpolarization is a crucial event in capacitation since it primes the sperm to undergo the exocytosis of the acrosome content, essential to achieve fertilization of the oocyte.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Ritagliati
- Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction Networks, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario (IBR-CONICET-UNR), Rosario 2000, Argentina.
| | - Carolina Baro Graf
- Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction Networks, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario (IBR-CONICET-UNR), Rosario 2000, Argentina
| | - Cintia Stival
- Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction Networks, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario (IBR-CONICET-UNR), Rosario 2000, Argentina
| | - Dario Krapf
- Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction Networks, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario (IBR-CONICET-UNR), Rosario 2000, Argentina; Laboratorio de Especialidades Reproductivas, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquimicas y Farmacéuticas, UNR, Rosario 2000, Argentina.
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24
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Robichaux WG, Cheng X. Intracellular cAMP Sensor EPAC: Physiology, Pathophysiology, and Therapeutics Development. Physiol Rev 2018; 98:919-1053. [PMID: 29537337 PMCID: PMC6050347 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00025.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Revised: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This review focuses on one family of the known cAMP receptors, the exchange proteins directly activated by cAMP (EPACs), also known as the cAMP-regulated guanine nucleotide exchange factors (cAMP-GEFs). Although EPAC proteins are fairly new additions to the growing list of cAMP effectors, and relatively "young" in the cAMP discovery timeline, the significance of an EPAC presence in different cell systems is extraordinary. The study of EPACs has considerably expanded the diversity and adaptive nature of cAMP signaling associated with numerous physiological and pathophysiological responses. This review comprehensively covers EPAC protein functions at the molecular, cellular, physiological, and pathophysiological levels; and in turn, the applications of employing EPAC-based biosensors as detection tools for dissecting cAMP signaling and the implications for targeting EPAC proteins for therapeutic development are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- William G Robichaux
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, Texas Therapeutics Institute, The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center , Houston, Texas
| | - Xiaodong Cheng
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, Texas Therapeutics Institute, The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center , Houston, Texas
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25
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Bustos MA, Lucchesi O, Ruete MC, Tomes CN. Membrane-permeable Rab27A is a regulator of the acrosome reaction: Role of geranylgeranylation and guanine nucleotides. Cell Signal 2018; 44:72-81. [PMID: 29337043 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2018.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Revised: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The acrosome reaction is the regulated exocytosis of mammalian sperm's single secretory granule, essential for fertilization. It relies on small GTPases, the cAMP binding protein Epac, and the SNARE complex, among other components. Here, we describe a novel tool to investigate Rab27-related signaling pathways: a hybrid recombinant protein consisting of human Rab27A fused to TAT, a cell penetrating peptide. With this tool, we aimed to unravel the connection between Rab3, Rab27 and Rap1 in sperm exocytosis and to deepen our understanding about how isoprenylation and guanine nucleotides influence the behaviour of Rab27 in exocytosis. Our results show that TAT-Rab27A-GTP-γ-S permeated into live sperm and triggered acrosomal exocytosis per se when geraylgeranylated but inhibited it when not lipid-modified. Likewise, an impermeant version of Rab27A elicited exocytosis in streptolysin O-permeabilized - but not in non-permeabilized - cells when geranylgeranylated and active. When GDP-β-S substituted for GTP-γ-S, isoprenylated TAT-Rab27A inhibited the acrosome reaction triggered by progesterone and an Epac-selective cAMP analogue, whereas the non-isoprenylated protein did not. Geranylgeranylated TAT-Rab27A-GTP-γ-S promoted the exchange of GDP for GTP on Rab3 and Rap1 detected by far-immunofluorescence with Rab3-GTP and Rap1-GTP binding cassettes. In contrast, TAT-Rab27A lacking isoprenylation or loaded with GDP-β-S prevented the activation of Rab3 and Rap1 elicited by progesterone. Challenging streptolysin O-permeabilized human sperm with calcium increased the population of sperm with Rap1-GTP, Rab3-GTP and Rab27-GTP in the acrosomal region; pretreatment with anti-Rab27 antibodies prevented the activation of all three. The novel findings reported here include: the description of membrane permeant TAT-Rab27A as a trustworthy tool to unveil the regulation of the human sperm acrosome reaction by Rab27 under physiological conditions; that the activation of endogenous Rab27 is required for that of Rab3 and Rap1; and the connection between Epac and Rab27 and between Rab27 and the configuration of the SNARE complex. Moreover, we present direct evidence that Rab27A's lipid modification, and activation/inactivation status correlate with its stimulatory or inhibitory roles in exocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matías A Bustos
- Instituto de Histologia y Embriologia de Mendoza (IHEM) Dr. Mario H. Burgos-CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, casilla de correo 56, 5500 Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Ornella Lucchesi
- Instituto de Histologia y Embriologia de Mendoza (IHEM) Dr. Mario H. Burgos-CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, casilla de correo 56, 5500 Mendoza, Argentina
| | - María C Ruete
- Instituto de Histologia y Embriologia de Mendoza (IHEM) Dr. Mario H. Burgos-CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, casilla de correo 56, 5500 Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Claudia N Tomes
- Instituto de Histologia y Embriologia de Mendoza (IHEM) Dr. Mario H. Burgos-CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, casilla de correo 56, 5500 Mendoza, Argentina.
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26
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Vogl W, Lyon K, Adams A, Piva M, Nassour V. The endoplasmic reticulum, calcium signaling and junction turnover in Sertoli cells. Reproduction 2017; 155:R93-R104. [PMID: 29066527 DOI: 10.1530/rep-17-0281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Revised: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) forms a continuous network throughout morphologically differentiated Sertoli cells. It is an integral component of intercellular adhesion junctions in this cell type, as well as forming membrane contact sites with the plasma membrane and intracellular organelles. One of the major functions of the ER in cells generally is maintaining calcium homeostasis and generating calcium signals. In this review, we discuss what is currently known about the overall pattern of distribution of the ER in Sertoli cells and the location of calcium regulatory machinery in the various subdomains of the organelle. Current data are consistent with the hypothesis that calcium signaling by the ER of Sertoli cells may play a significant role in events related to junction remodeling that occur in the seminiferous epithelium during spermatogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wayne Vogl
- Department of Cellular and Physiological SciencesUniversity of British Columbia, British Columbia, Canada .,Department of Obstetrics and GynaecologyUniversity of British Columbia, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Kevin Lyon
- Department of Obstetrics and GynaecologyUniversity of British Columbia, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Arlo Adams
- Department of Cellular and Physiological SciencesUniversity of British Columbia, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Matthew Piva
- Department of Cellular and Physiological SciencesUniversity of British Columbia, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Vanessa Nassour
- Department of Cellular and Physiological SciencesUniversity of British Columbia, British Columbia, Canada
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27
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Alonso B, Bartolomé-Martín D, Ferrero JJ, Ramírez-Franco J, Torres M, Sánchez-Prieto J. CB1 receptors down-regulate a cAMP/Epac2/PLC pathway to silence the nerve terminals of cerebellar granule cells. J Neurochem 2017; 142:350-364. [PMID: 28445587 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Revised: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Cannabinoid receptors mediate short-term retrograde inhibition of neurotransmitter release, as well as long-term depression of synaptic transmission at excitatory synapses. The responses of individual nerve terminals in VGLUT1-pHluorin transfected cerebellar granule cells to cannabinoids have shown that prolonged activation of cannabinoid type 1 receptors (CB1Rs) silences a subpopulation of previously active synaptic boutons. Adopting a combined pharmacological and genetic approach to study the molecular mechanisms of CB1R-induced silencing, we found that adenylyl cyclase inhibition decreases cAMP levels while it increases the number of silent synaptic boutons and occludes the induction of further silencing by the cannabinoid agonist HU-210. Guanine nucleotide exchange proteins directly activated by cAMP (Epac proteins) mediate some of the presynaptic effects of cAMP in the potentiation of synaptic transmission. ESI05, a selective Epac2 inhibitor, and U-73122, the specific inhibitor of phospholipase C (PLC), both augment the number of silent synaptic boutons. Moreover, they abolish the capacity of the Epac activator, 8-(4-chlorophenylthio)-2'-O-methyladenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate monosodium hydrate, to prevent HU-210-induced silencing consistent with PLC signaling lying downstream of Epac2 proteins. Furthermore, Rab3-interacting molecule (RIM)1α KO cells have many more basally silent synaptic boutons (12.9 ± 3.5%) than wild-type cells (1.1 ± 0.5%). HU-210 induced further silencing in these mutant cells, although 8-(4-chlorophenylthio)-2'-O-methyladenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate monosodium hydrate only awoke the HU-210-induced silence and not the basally silent synaptic boutons. This behavior can be rescued by expressing RIM1α in RIM1α KO cells, these cells behaving very much like wild-type cells. These findings support the hypothesis that a cAMP/Epac/PLC signaling pathway targeting the release machinery appears to mediate cannabinoid-induced presynaptic silencing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatris Alonso
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - David Bartolomé-Martín
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Javier Ferrero
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jorge Ramírez-Franco
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Magdalena Torres
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Sánchez-Prieto
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
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28
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Interrogating cyclic AMP signaling using optical approaches. Cell Calcium 2017; 64:47-56. [PMID: 28274483 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2017.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Optical reporters for cAMP represent a fundamental advancement in our ability to investigate the dynamics of cAMP signaling. These fluorescent sensors can measure changes in cAMP in single cells or in microdomains within cells as opposed to whole populations of cells required for other methods of measuring cAMP. The first optical cAMP reporters were FRET-based sensors utilizing dissociation of purified regulatory and catalytic subunits of PKA, introduced by Roger Tsien in the early 1990s. The utility of these sensors was vastly improved by creating genetically encoded versions that could be introduced into cells with transfection, the first of which was published in the year 2000. Subsequently, improved sensors have been developed using different cAMP binding platforms, optimized fluorescent proteins, and targeting motifs that localize to specific microdomains. The most common sensors in use today are FRET-based sensors designed around an Epac backbone. These rely on the significant conformational changes in Epac when it binds cAMP, altering the signal between FRET pairs flanking Epac. Several other strategies for optically interrogating cAMP have been developed, including fluorescent translocation reporters, dimerization-dependent FP based biosensors, BRET (bioluminescence resonance energy transfer)-based sensors, non-FRET single wavelength reporters, and sensors based on bacterial cAMP-binding domains. Other newly described mammalian cAMP-binding proteins such as Popdc and CRIS may someday be exploited in sensor design. With the proliferation of engineered fluorescent proteins and the abundance of cAMP binding targets in nature, the field of optical reporters for cAMP should continue to see rapid refinement in the coming years.
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Quevedo MF, Lucchesi O, Bustos MA, Pocognoni CA, De la Iglesia PX, Tomes CN. The Rab3A-22A Chimera Prevents Sperm Exocytosis by Stabilizing Open Fusion Pores. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:23101-23111. [PMID: 27613869 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.729954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
At the final stage of exocytotis, a fusion pore opens between the plasma and a secretory vesicle membranes; typically, when the pore dilates the vesicle releases its cargo. Sperm contain a large dense-core secretory granule (the acrosome) whose contents are secreted by regulated exocytosis at fertilization. Minutes after the arrival of the triggering signal, the acrosomal and plasma membranes dock at multiple sites and fusion pores open at the contact points. It is believed that immediately afterward, fusion pores dilate spontaneously. Rab3A is an essential component of human sperm exocytotic machinery. Yet, recombinant, persistently active Rab3A halts calcium-triggered secretion when introduced after docking into streptolysin O-permeabilized cells; so does a Rab3A-22A chimera. Here, we applied functional assays, electron and confocal microscopy to show that the secretion blockage is due to the stabilization of open fusion pores. Other novel findings are that sperm SNAREs engage in α-SNAP/NSF-sensitive complexes at a post-fusion stage. Complexes are disentangled by these chaperons to achieve vesiculation and acrosomal contents release. Thus, post-fusion regulation of the pores determines their expansion and the success of the acrosome reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- María F Quevedo
- From the IHEM, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, CC56. 5500 Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Ornella Lucchesi
- From the IHEM, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, CC56. 5500 Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Matías A Bustos
- From the IHEM, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, CC56. 5500 Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Cristian A Pocognoni
- From the IHEM, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, CC56. 5500 Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Paola X De la Iglesia
- From the IHEM, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, CC56. 5500 Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Claudia N Tomes
- From the IHEM, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, CC56. 5500 Mendoza, Argentina
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Changes in the distribution and molecular mass of boar sperm acrosome-associated 1 proteins during the acrosome reaction; their validity as indicators for occurrence of the true acrosome reaction. Anim Reprod Sci 2016; 172:94-104. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2016.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Revised: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Belmonte SA, Mayorga LS, Tomes CN. The Molecules of Sperm Exocytosis. ADVANCES IN ANATOMY EMBRYOLOGY AND CELL BIOLOGY 2016; 220:71-92. [PMID: 27194350 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-30567-7_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Exocytosis is a fundamental process used by eukaryotic cells to release biological compounds and to insert lipids and proteins in the plasma membrane. Specialized secretory cells undergo regulated exocytosis in response to physiological signals. Sperm exocytosis or acrosome reaction (AR) is essentially a regulated secretion with special characteristics. We will focus here on some of these unique features, covering the topology, kinetics, and molecular mechanisms that prepare, drive, and regulate membrane fusion during the AR. Last, we will compare acrosomal release with exocytosis in other model systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia A Belmonte
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Histología y Embriología, IHEM-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, 5500, Mendoza, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Luis S Mayorga
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Histología y Embriología, IHEM-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, 5500, Mendoza, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Claudia N Tomes
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Histología y Embriología, IHEM-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, 5500, Mendoza, Mendoza, Argentina.
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