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Turkistani A, Al-Kuraishy HM, Al-Gareeb AI, Albuhadily AK, Alexiou A, Papadakis M, Elfiky MM, Saad HM, Batiha GES. Therapeutic Potential Effect of Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 Beta (GSK-3β) Inhibitors in Parkinson Disease: Exploring an Overlooked Avenue. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04003-z. [PMID: 38367137 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04003-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease of the brain due to degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra (SN). Glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK-3β) is implicated in the pathogenesis of PD. Therefore, the purpose of the present review was to revise the mechanistic role of GSK-3β in PD neuropathology, and how GSK-3β inhibitors affect PD neuropathology. GSK-3 is a conserved threonine/serine kinase protein that is intricate in the regulation of cellular anabolic and catabolic pathways by modulating glycogen synthase. Over-expression of GSK-3β is also interconnected with the development of different neurodegenerative diseases. However, the underlying mechanism of GSK-3β in PD neuropathology is not fully clarified. Over-expression of GSK-3β induces the development of PD by triggering mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress in the dopaminergic neurons of the SN. NF-κB and NLRP3 inflammasome are activated in response to dysregulated GSK-3β in PD leading to progressive neuronal injury. Higher expression of GSK-3β in the early stages of PD neuropathology might contribute to the reduction of neuroprotective brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Thus, GSK-3β inhibitors may be effective in PD by reducing inflammatory and oxidative stress disorders which are associated with degeneration of dopaminergic in the SN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Areej Turkistani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Medicine, Taif University, 21944, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hayder M Al-Kuraishy
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Medicine, College of Medicine, Mustansiriyah University, P.O. Box 14132, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Ali I Al-Gareeb
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Medicine, College of Medicine, Mustansiriyah University, P.O. Box 14132, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Ali K Albuhadily
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Medicine, College of Medicine, Mustansiriyah University, P.O. Box 14132, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Athanasios Alexiou
- University Centre for Research & Development, Chandigarh University, Chandigarh-Ludhiana Highway, Mohali, Punjab, India
- Department of Research & Development, Funogen, Athens, Greece
- Department of Research & Development, AFNP Med, 1030, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Science and Engineering, Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Hebersham, NSW, 2770, Australia
| | - Marios Papadakis
- Department of Surgery II, University Hospital Witten-Herdecke, Heusnerstrasse 40, University of Witten-Herdecke, 42283, Wuppertal, Germany.
| | - Mohamed M Elfiky
- Anatomy Department, General Medicine Practice Program, Batterjee Medical College, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Anatomy Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shibin El Kom, Al Minufya, Egypt
| | - Hebatallah M Saad
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Matrouh University, Matrouh, 51744, Egypt
| | - Gaber El-Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511, AlBeheira, Egypt
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AL-Eitan LN, Zuhair S, Khair IY, Alghamdi MA. Assessment of the proliferative and angiogenic effects of the synthetic cannabinoid (R)-5-fluoro ADB on human cerebral microvascular endothelial cells. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2024; 27:304-310. [PMID: 38333752 PMCID: PMC10849210 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2023.71819.15605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Objectives The process of vascular formation, also known as angiogenesis, primarily relies on endothelial cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. In recent years, it has been discovered that synthetic cannabinoids (SCs) may potentially impact angiogenic processes within the body. We evaluated the impact of the synthetic cannabinoid (R)-5-Fluoro-ADB on the proliferation rate and angiogenesis in Human Cerebral Microvascular Endothelial Cells (hBMECs). Materials and Methods hBMECs were treated with (R)-5-Fluoro-ADB and investigated for cell viability, migration rate, and tube-like structure formation. Furthermore, angiogenic-related proteins including Angopoitein-1 and -2, and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors (VEGF) were examined on mRNA and protein levels. Results The results showed a notable rise in the rate of proliferation (P-value<0.0001) of HBMECs induced by (R)-5-Fluoro-ADB. The angiogenic capacity of HBMECs was also enhanced between 0.001 μM to 1 μM (R)-5-Fluoro-ADB. Moreover, an increase in the levels of ANG-1, ANG-2, and VEGF mRNA and protein, as well as elevated phosphorylation rate of GSK-3β, were observed across various concentrations of (R)-5-Fluoro-ADB. Conclusion Our results suggest an innovative approach in pharmacology for addressing a range of conditions linked to angiogenesis. This approach involves precise targeting of both cannabinoid receptors type-1 and -2. To achieve this, specific agonists or antagonists of these receptors could be employed based on the particular characteristics of the diseases in question.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laith Naser AL-Eitan
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Saif Zuhair
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Iliya Yacoub Khair
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Mansour Abdullah Alghamdi
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
- Genomics and Personalized Medicine Unit, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
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North KC, Mysiewicz SC, Bukiya AN, Dopico AM. Dual-color miniscope imaging of microvessels and neuronal activity in the hippocampus CA1 region of freely moving mice following alcohol administration. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2023; 325:R769-R781. [PMID: 37867475 PMCID: PMC11178301 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00044.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Moderate-to-heavy episodic ("binge") drinking is the most common form of alcohol consumption in the United States. Alcohol at binge drinking concentrations reduces brain artery diameter in vivo and in vitro in many species including rats, mice, and humans. Despite the critical role played by brain vessels in maintaining neuronal function, there is a shortage of methodologies to simultaneously assess neuron and blood vessel function in deep brain regions. Here, we investigate cerebrovascular responses to ethanol by choosing a deep brain region that is implicated in alcohol disruption of brain function, the hippocampal CA1, and describe the process for obtaining simultaneous imaging of pyramidal neuron activity and diameter of nearby microvessels in freely moving mice via a dual-color miniscope. Recordings of neurovascular events were performed upon intraperitoneal injection of saline versus 3 g/kg ethanol in the same mouse. In male mice, ethanol mildly increased the amplitude of calcium signals while robustly decreasing their frequency. Simultaneously, ethanol decreased microvessel diameter. In females, ethanol did not change the amplitude or frequency of calcium signals from CA1 neurons but decreased microvessel diameter. A linear regression of ethanol-induced reduction in number of active neurons and microvessel constriction revealed a positive correlation (R = 0.981) in females. Together, these data demonstrate the feasibility of simultaneously evaluating neuronal and vascular components of alcohol actions in a deep brain area in freely moving mice, as well as the sexual dimorphism of hippocampal neurovascular responses to alcohol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey C North
- Department of Pharmacology, Addiction Science, and Toxicology, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, United States
| | - Steven C Mysiewicz
- Department of Pharmacology, Addiction Science, and Toxicology, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, United States
| | - Anna N Bukiya
- Department of Pharmacology, Addiction Science, and Toxicology, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, United States
| | - Alex M Dopico
- Department of Pharmacology, Addiction Science, and Toxicology, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, United States
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AL-Eitan LN, Alahmad SZ, ElMotasem MFM, Alghamdi MA. The synthetic cannabinoid 5F-MDMB-PICA enhances the metabolic activity and angiogenesis in human brain microvascular endothelial cells by upregulation of VEGF, ANG-1, and ANG-2. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2023; 12:796-806. [PMID: 37915478 PMCID: PMC10615825 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfad068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels from existing brain vasculature, has been previously associated with neural plasticity and addictive behaviors related to substances. Synthetic cannabinoids (SCs) have become increasingly popular due to their ability to mimic the effects of cannabis, offering high potency and easy accessibility. In the current study, we reveal that the SC 5F-MDMB-PICA, the most common SC in the United States in 2019, increases cell metabolic activity and promotes angiogenesis in human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMECs). First, we performed an MTT assay to evaluate the effects of 5F-MDMB-PICA treatment at various concentrations (0.0001 μM, 0.001 μM, 0.01 μM, 0.1 μM, and 1 μM) on HBMECs metabolic activity. The results demonstrated higher concentrations of the SC improved cell metabolic activity. Furthermore, 5F-MDMB-PICA treatment enhanced tube formation and migration of HBMECs in a dosage-dependent manner. Additionally, the mRNA, secreted protein, and intracellular protein levels of vascular endothelial growth factor, angiopoietin-1, and angiopoietin-2, which are involved in the regulation of angiogenesis, as well as the protein levels of cannabinoid receptor type-1, were all increased following treatment with 5F-MDMB-PICA. Notably, the phosphorylation levels at Serine 9 residue of glycogen synthase kinase-3β were also increased in the 5F-MDMB-PICA treated HBMECs. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that 5F-MDMB-PICA can enhance angiogenesis in HBMECs, suggesting the significant role of angiogenesis in the response to SCs. Manipulating this interaction may pave the way for innovative treatments targeting SC addiction and angiogenesis-related conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laith Naser AL-Eitan
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Saif Zuhair Alahmad
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Mohd Fahmi Munib ElMotasem
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Mansour Abdullah Alghamdi
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
- Genomics and Personalized Medicine Unit, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
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Kitanaka J, Kitanaka N, Tomita K, Hall FS, Igarashi K, Uhl GR, Sato T. Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3 Inhibitors Block Morphine-Induced Locomotor Activation, Straub Tail, and Depression of Rearing in Mice Via a Possible Central Action. Neurochem Res 2023; 48:2230-2240. [PMID: 36907972 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-023-03902-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
We investigated morphine-induced Straub's tail reaction (STR) in mice pretreated with or without glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) inhibitors (SB216763 and AR-A014418) by using a newly modified, infrared beam sensor-based automated apparatus. Mice treated with a single injection of morphine (30 mg/kg, i.p.) showed a significant STR with a plateau level at a time point of 20 min after morphine challenge. Pretreatment of mice with SB216763 (5 mg/kg, s.c.) or AR-A014418 (3 mg/kg, i.p.) significantly inhibited morphine-induced STR and attenuated the duration of STR in a dose-dependent fashion. In the striatum and the nucleus accumbens, expression of pGSK-3βTyr216 but not GSK3β or pGSK-3βSer9 was largely but not significantly reduced after treatment with SB216763 (5 mg/kg, s.c.) in combination with/without morphine, indicating that the inhibitory effect of GSK-3 inhibitors on morphine-induced STR and hyperlocomotion might not depend on the direct blockade of GSK-3β function. In constipated mice after morphine challenge (30 mg/kg), the effect of GSK-3 inhibitors on gastrointestinal transit was examined to reveal whether the action of GSK-3 inhibitors on morphine effects was central and/or peripheral. Pretreatment with SB216763 (5 mg/kg) did not block constipation in morphine-injected mice. The mechanism of action seems to be central but not peripheral, although the underlying subcellular mechanism of GSK-3 inhibitors is not clear. Our measurement system is a useful tool for investigating the excitatory effects of morphine in experimental animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junichi Kitanaka
- Laboratory of Drug Addiction and Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Hyogo Medical University, 1-3-6 Minatojima, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-8530, Japan.
| | - Nobue Kitanaka
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Hyogo Medical University, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, 663-8501, Japan
| | - Kazuo Tomita
- Department of Applied Pharmacology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, 890-8544, Japan
| | - F Scott Hall
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, 43614, USA
| | - Kento Igarashi
- Department of Applied Pharmacology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, 890-8544, Japan
| | - George R Uhl
- VA Maryland Healthcare System, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.,Departments of Neurology and Pharmacology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Tomoaki Sato
- Department of Applied Pharmacology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, 890-8544, Japan
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Liu X, Yu J, Luo Y, Dong H. Novel hybrid virtual screening protocol based on pharmacophore and molecular docking for discovery of GSK-3β inhibitors. Chem Biol Drug Des 2023; 101:326-339. [PMID: 35762873 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
GSK-3β is a member of the GSKs subfamily and plays a major role in the regulation of transcriptional elongation, which has attracted widespread attention as a therapeutic target for AD. In this study, by combining pharmacophore-based virtual screening and kinase inhibition assays, we have successfully identified four small molecules that inhibit GSK-3β activity at micromolar potency. These hit compounds showed drug-like properties according to Lipinski's rule of five and ADMET. An inter-complex interaction study showed that all hit compounds adapted well to the ATP pocket of the GSK-3β protein. Among them, hits 2 and 4 displayed considerable inhibitory activities with IC50 value of 0.74 ± 0.04 μM and 2.32 ± 0.84 μM respectively. Overall, the discovered GSK-3β inhibitors act as new chemical leads to develop improved inhibitors that block the interaction of GSK-3β, and the hybrid virtual screening strategy designed in this study provides an important reference for design and synthesis novel selective GSK-3β inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochang Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital Zhuhai Hospital (Zhuhai Golden Bay Center Hospital), Zhuhai, China
| | - Jiaxue Yu
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital Zhuhai Hospital (Zhuhai Golden Bay Center Hospital), Zhuhai, China
| | - Yongyan Luo
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital Zhuhai Hospital (Zhuhai Golden Bay Center Hospital), Zhuhai, China
| | - Haojian Dong
- Department of Cardiology, Vascular Center, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary, Guangzhou, China.,Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
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Yan P, Liu J, Ma H, Feng Y, Cui J, Bai Y, Huang X, Zhu Y, Wei S, Lai J. Effects of glycogen synthase kinase-3β activity inhibition on cognitive, behavioral, and hippocampal ultrastructural deficits in adulthood associated with adolescent methamphetamine exposure. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 16:1129553. [PMID: 36949769 PMCID: PMC10025487 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1129553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK3β) has been implicated in the maintenance of synaptic plasticity, memory process, and psychostimulant-induced behavioral effects. Hyperactive GSK3β in the Cornu Ammonis 1 (CA1) subregion of the dorsal hippocampus (DHP) was associated with adolescent methamphetamine (METH) exposure-induced behavioral and cognitive deficits in adulthood. This study aimed to evaluate the possible therapeutic effects of GSK3β inhibition in adulthood on adolescent METH exposure-induced long-term neurobiological deficits. Methods Adolescent male mice were treated with METH from postnatal day (PND) 45-51. In adulthood, three intervention protocols (acute lithium chloride systemic administration, chronic lithium chloride systemic administration, and chronic SB216763 administration within CA1) were used for GSK3β activity inhibition. The effect of GSK3β intervention on cognition, behavior, and GSK3β activity and synaptic ultrastructure in the DHP CA1 subregion were detected in adulthood. Results In adulthood, all three interventions reduced adolescent METH exposure-induced hyperactivity (PND97), while only chronic systemic and chronic within CA1 administration ameliorated the induced impairments in spatial (PND99), social (PND101) and object (PND103) recognition memory. In addition, although three interventions reversed the aberrant GSK3β activity in the DHP CA1 subregion (PND104), only chronic systemic and chronic within CA1 administration rescued adolescent METH exposure-induced synaptic ultrastructure changes in the DHP CA1 subregion (PND104) in adulthood. Conclusion Rescuing synaptic ultrastructural abnormalities in the dHIP CA1 subregion by chronic administration of a GSK3β inhibitor may be a suitable therapeutic strategy for the treatment of behavioral and cognitive deficits in adulthood associated with adolescent METH abuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Yan
- NHC Key Laboratory of Forensic Science, School of Forensic Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Jincen Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Forensic Science, School of Forensic Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Haotian Ma
- NHC Key Laboratory of Forensic Science, School of Forensic Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yue Feng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Forensic Science, School of Forensic Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Jingjing Cui
- Forensic Identification Institute, The Fourth People’s Hospital of Yancheng, Yancheng, China
| | - Yuying Bai
- NHC Key Laboratory of Forensic Science, School of Forensic Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xin Huang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Forensic Science, School of Forensic Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yongsheng Zhu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Forensic Science, School of Forensic Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Shuguang Wei
- NHC Key Laboratory of Forensic Science, School of Forensic Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Shuguang Wei,
| | - Jianghua Lai
- NHC Key Laboratory of Forensic Science, School of Forensic Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Jianghua Lai,
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Cho BR, Kim WY, Jang JK, Lee JW, Kim JH. Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3β Is a Key Regulator in the Inhibitory Effects of Accumbal Cocaine- and Amphetamine-Regulated Transcript Peptide 55-102 on Amphetamine-Induced Locomotor Activity. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415633. [PMID: 36555273 PMCID: PMC9779470 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Microinjection of cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) peptide 55-102 into the nucleus accumbens (NAcc) core significantly attenuates psychostimulant-induced locomotor activity. However, the molecular mechanism remains poorly understood. We examined the phosphorylation levels of Akt, glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β), and glutamate receptor 1 (GluA1) in NAcc core tissues obtained 60 min after microinjection of CART peptide 55-102 into this site, followed by systemic injection of amphetamine (AMPH). Phosphorylation levels of Akt at Thr308 and GSK3β at Ser9 were decreased, while those of GluA1 at Ser845 were increased, by AMPH treatment. These effects returned to basal levels following treatment with CART peptide 55-102. Furthermore, the negative regulatory effects of the CART peptide on AMPH-induced changes in phosphorylation levels and locomotor activity were all abolished by pretreatment with the S9 peptide, an artificially synthesized indirect GSK3β activator. These results suggest that the CART peptide 55-102 in the NAcc core plays a negative regulatory role in AMPH-induced locomotor activity by normalizing the changes in phosphorylation levels of Akt-GSK3β, and subsequently GluA1 modified by AMPH at this site. The present findings are the first to reveal GSK3β as a key regulator of the inhibitory role of the CART peptide in psychomotor stimulant-induced locomotor activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Ram Cho
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Wha Young Kim
- Department of Physiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Kyong Jang
- Department of Pharmacology, Bio-Pharm Solutions Co., Ltd., Suwon-si 16229, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Won Lee
- Division of In Vitro Diagnostic Devices, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Cheongju-si 28159, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Hoon Kim
- Department of Physiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medical Sciences, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence:
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Zarrabian S, Jamali S, Fazli-Tabaei S, Haghparast A. Dopaminergic and nitric oxide systems interact to regulate the electrical activity of neurons in the medial septal nucleus in rats. Exp Brain Res 2022; 240:2581-2594. [PMID: 35976391 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-022-06435-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Research characterizing the neuronal substrate of anxiety has implicated different brain areas, including the medial septal nucleus (m-SEPT). Previous reports indicated a role of dopamine and nitric oxide (NO) in anxiety-related behaviors. In this study, the extracellular single-unit recording was performed from the m-SEPT in adult male albino Wistar rats. Baseline activity was recorded for 5 min, and the post-injection recording was performed for another 5 min after the microinjection of each drug. The results showed that (1) both D1- and D2-like receptor agonists (SKF-38393 and quinpirole) enhanced the firing rate of m-SEPT neurons; (2) both D1- and D2-like antagonists (SCH-23390 and sulpiride) attenuated the firing rate of m-SEPT neurons; (3) L-arginine (NO precursor) increased the firing rate of m-SEPT neurons, but a non-specific NOS inhibitor, L-NAME, elicited no significant alterations; (4) the non-specific NOS inhibitor reversed the enhanced firing rate produced by SKF-38393 and quinpirole; (5) neither of the dopaminergic antagonists changed the enhanced activity resulted from the application of the NO precursor. These results contribute to our understanding of the complex neurotransmitter interactions in the m-SEPT and showed that both dopaminergic and NO neurotransmission are involved in the modulation of the firing rate of neurons in the m-SEPT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahram Zarrabian
- Department of Anatomical Sciences and Cognitive Neuroscience, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shole Jamali
- Student Research Committee, Neuroscience Research Center, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soheila Fazli-Tabaei
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Abbas Haghparast
- Neuroscience Research Center, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 19615-1178, Tehran, Iran.
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Jung S, Kim Y, Kim M, Seo M, Kim S, Kim S, Lee S. Exercise Pills for Drug Addiction: Forced Moderate Endurance Exercise Inhibits Methamphetamine-Induced Hyperactivity through the Striatal Glutamatergic Signaling Pathway in Male Sprague Dawley Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22158203. [PMID: 34360969 PMCID: PMC8348279 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22158203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Physical exercise reduces the extent, duration, and frequency of drug use in drug addicts during the drug initiation phase, as well as during prolonged addiction, withdrawal, and recurrence. However, information about exercise-induced neurobiological changes is limited. This study aimed to investigate the effects of forced moderate endurance exercise training on methamphetamine (METH)-induced behavior and the associated neurobiological changes. Male Sprague Dawley rats were subjected to the administration of METH (1 mg/kg/day, i.p.) and/or forced moderate endurance exercise (treadmill running, 21 m/min, 60 min/day) for 2 weeks. Over the two weeks, endurance exercise training significantly reduced METH-induced hyperactivity. METH and/or exercise treatment increased striatal dopamine (DA) levels, decreased p(Thr308)-Akt expression, and increased p(Tyr216)-GSK-3β expression. However, the phosphorylation levels of Ser9-GSK-3β were significantly increased in the exercise group. METH administration significantly increased the expression of NMDAr1, CaMKK2, MAPKs, and PP1 in the striatum, and exercise treatment significantly decreased the expression of these molecules. Therefore, it is apparent that endurance exercise inhibited the METH-induced hyperactivity due to the decrease in GSK-3β activation by the regulation of the striatal glutamate signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Sooyeun Lee
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-53-580-6651; Fax: +82-53-580-5164
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Lyu W, Li Q, Li Q, Chen Y, Wang Y, Tang T, Feng F, Chi H, Li Y, Liu W, Sun H. Design, Bio-evaluation and Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Novel GSK-3β Inhibitors. Mol Inform 2021; 40:e2060031. [PMID: 34323388 DOI: 10.1002/minf.202060031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK-3β) is considered as a promising drug target for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). In the present study, two compound libraries were selected for virtual screening based on pharmacophore models of GSK-3β to discover new inhibitors. Nine potential hits were retained for biological investigation and four of these compounds showed GSK-3β inhibitory activity (with the IC50 values in sub-micromolar range on GSK-3β). Compounds 6 and 9 have good safety. They do not have any significant in vitro cytotoxicity against PC12 and SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells at concentrations up to 90 μM. Based on the inhibitory activity and druggability properties, compound 8 is the preferred molecule, and it is a promising lead for the development of the GSK-3β inhibitors for reducing the abnormal hyperphosphorylation of tau protein and relieving AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiping Lyu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Qihang Li
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Li
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingming Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Tongzhong Tang
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Feng
- Institute of Food and Pharmaceuticals Research, Jiangsu Food and Pharmaceuticals Science College, Huaian, 223003, People's Republic of China.,Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Heng Chi
- Food and Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Jiangsu Food and Pharmaceuticals Science College, Huaian, 223003, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Jiangsu Food and Pharmaceuticals Science College, Huaian, 223005, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenyuan Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, People's Republic of China.,Zhejiang Center for Safety Study of Drug Substances (Industrial Technology Innovation Platform), Hangzhou, 310018
| | - Haopeng Sun
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, People's Republic of China
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Kim S, Jang EY, Song SH, Kim JS, Ryu IS, Jeong CH, Lee S. Brain Microdialysis Coupled to LC-MS/MS Revealed That CVT-10216, a Selective Inhibitor of Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 2, Alters the Neurochemical and Behavioral Effects of Methamphetamine. ACS Chem Neurosci 2021; 12:1552-1562. [PMID: 33871963 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.1c00039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Methamphetamine (MA), a potent central nervous system stimulant, mainly affects the brain dopaminergic and serotoninergic systems. Monoamine oxidase, catechol-O-methyltransferase, and aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) are important enzymes in the metabolism of dopamine (DA) and serotonin (5-HT); however, the role of ALDH2 in MA addiction remains unclear. This study focused on the real-time changes in DA, 5-HT, and their metabolites, including 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic aldehyde and salsolinol, which are metabolites directly related to ALDH2, to examine the effects of the inhibition of ALDH2 on hyperlocomotion induced by MA. Locomotor activity was evaluated in rats after administration of MA and/or CVT-10216 (a selective ALDH2 inhibitor). Moreover, the simultaneous quantification of DA, 5-HT, and their metabolites in brain microdialysates of the rats was performed using a derivatization-assisted LC-MS/MS method after full validation. The validation results proved the method to be selective, sensitive, accurate, and precise, with acceptable linearity within calibration ranges. Intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of 10 or 20 mg/kg of CVT-10216 significantly decreased MA-induced hyperlocomotion (1 mg/kg, i.p.). The analytical results of rat brain microdialysates demonstrated that the administration of CVT-10216 significantly downregulated DA levels, which were increased upon exposure to MA. Moreover, the increase in 3-methoxytyramine levels following coadministration of CVT-10216 and MA could play a potential role in antagonizing the hyperlocomotion induced by MA. All of these findings suggest that the inhibition of ALDH2 protects against MA-induced hyperlocomotion and has therapeutic potential in MA addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seungju Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, 1095 Dalgubeoldaero, Dalseo-gu, Daegu 704-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Young Jang
- Pharmacology and Drug Abuse Research Group, Korea Institute of Toxicology, 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daegeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hoon Song
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, 1095 Dalgubeoldaero, Dalseo-gu, Daegu 704-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Sun Kim
- Pharmacology and Drug Abuse Research Group, Korea Institute of Toxicology, 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daegeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - In Soo Ryu
- Pharmacology and Drug Abuse Research Group, Korea Institute of Toxicology, 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daegeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul-Ho Jeong
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, 1095 Dalgubeoldaero, Dalseo-gu, Daegu 704-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Sooyeun Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, 1095 Dalgubeoldaero, Dalseo-gu, Daegu 704-701, Republic of Korea
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