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Jain PM, Nellikka A, Kammara R. Understanding bacteriocin heterologous expression: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 277:133916. [PMID: 39033897 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Bacteriocins are a diverse group of ribosomally synthesised antimicrobial peptides/proteins that play an important role in self-defence. They are widely used as bio-preservatives and effective substitutes for disease eradication. They can be used in conjunction with or as an alternative to antibiotics to minimize the risk of resistance development. There are remarkably few reports indicating resistance to bacteriocins. Although there are many research reports that emphasise heterologous expression of bacteriocin, there are no convincing reports on the significant role that intrinsic and extrinsic factors play in overexpression. A coordinated and cooperative expression system works in concert with multiple genetic elements encoding native proteins, immunoproteins, exporters, transporters and enzymes involved in the post-translational modification of bacteriocins. The simplest way could be to utilise the existing E. coli expression system, which is conventional, widely used for heterologous expression and has been further extended for bacteriocin expression. In this article, we will review the intrinsic and extrinsic factors, advantages, disadvantages and major problems associated with bacteriocin overexpression in E. coli. Finally, we recommend the most effective strategies as well as numerous bacteriocin expression systems from E. coli, Lactococcus, Kluveromyces lactis, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Pichia pastoris for their suitability for successful overexpression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanshi M Jain
- Department of Microbiology and Fermentation Technology, CSIR-CFTRI, AcSIR, Mysore, India
| | - Anagha Nellikka
- Department of Microbiology and Fermentation Technology, CSIR-CFTRI, AcSIR, Mysore, India
| | - Rajagopal Kammara
- Department of Microbiology and Fermentation Technology, CSIR-CFTRI, AcSIR, Mysore, India.
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Bacteriocin enterocin CRL35 is a modular peptide that induces non-bilayer states in bacterial model membranes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2020; 1862:183135. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2019.183135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Bédard F, Biron E. Recent Progress in the Chemical Synthesis of Class II and S-Glycosylated Bacteriocins. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:1048. [PMID: 29875754 PMCID: PMC5974097 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
A wide variety of antimicrobial peptides produced by lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have been identified and studied in the last decades. Known as bacteriocins, these ribosomally synthesized peptides inhibit the growth of a wide range of bacterial species through numerous mechanisms and show a great variety of spectrum of activity. With their great potential as antimicrobial additives and alternatives to traditional antibiotics in food preservation and handling, animal production and in veterinary and medical medicine, the demand for bacteriocins is rapidly increasing. Bacteriocins are most often produced by fermentation but, in several cases, the low isolated yields and difficulties associated with their purification seriously limit their use on a large scale. Chemical synthesis has been proposed for their production and recent advances in peptide synthesis methodologies have allowed the preparation of several bacteriocins. Moreover, the significant cost reduction for peptide synthesis reagents and building blocks has made chemical synthesis of bacteriocins more attractive and competitive. From a protein engineering point of view, the chemical approach offers many advantages such as the possibility to rapidly perform amino acid substitution, use unnatural or modified residues, and make backbone and side chain modifications to improve potency, modify the activity spectrum or increase the stability of the targeted bacteriocin. This review summarized synthetic approaches that have been developed and used in recent years to allow the preparation of class IIa bacteriocins and S-linked glycopeptides from LAB. Synthetic strategies such as the use of pseudoprolines, backbone protecting groups, microwave irradiations, selective disulfide bridge formation and chemical ligations to prepare class II and S-glycosylsated bacteriocins are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- François Bédard
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, CHU de Québec Research Centre, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Eric Biron
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, CHU de Québec Research Centre, Québec, QC, Canada
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Mousa WK, Athar B, Merwin NJ, Magarvey NA. Antibiotics and specialized metabolites from the human microbiota. Nat Prod Rep 2017; 34:1302-1331. [DOI: 10.1039/c7np00021a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Human microbiota associated with each body site produce specialized molecules to kill human pathogens. Advanced bioinformatics tools will help to discover unique microbiome chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walaa K. Mousa
- Departments of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences & Chemistry and Chemical Biology
- M. G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research
- McMaster University
- Hamilton
- Canada L8S 4K1
| | - Bilal Athar
- Departments of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences & Chemistry and Chemical Biology
- M. G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research
- McMaster University
- Hamilton
- Canada L8S 4K1
| | - Nishanth J. Merwin
- Departments of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences & Chemistry and Chemical Biology
- M. G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research
- McMaster University
- Hamilton
- Canada L8S 4K1
| | - Nathan A. Magarvey
- Departments of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences & Chemistry and Chemical Biology
- M. G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research
- McMaster University
- Hamilton
- Canada L8S 4K1
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Lhor M, Bernier SC, Horchani H, Bussières S, Cantin L, Desbat B, Salesse C. Comparison between the behavior of different hydrophobic peptides allowing membrane anchoring of proteins. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2014; 207:223-39. [PMID: 24560216 PMCID: PMC4028306 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2014.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2013] [Revised: 01/11/2014] [Accepted: 01/13/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Membrane binding of proteins such as short chain dehydrogenase reductases or tail-anchored proteins relies on their N- and/or C-terminal hydrophobic transmembrane segment. In this review, we propose guidelines to characterize such hydrophobic peptide segments using spectroscopic and biophysical measurements. The secondary structure content of the C-terminal peptides of retinol dehydrogenase 8, RGS9-1 anchor protein, lecithin retinol acyl transferase, and of the N-terminal peptide of retinol dehydrogenase 11 has been deduced by prediction tools from their primary sequence as well as by using infrared or circular dichroism analyses. Depending on the solvent and the solubilization method, significant structural differences were observed, often involving α-helices. The helical structure of these peptides was found to be consistent with their presumed membrane binding. Langmuir monolayers have been used as membrane models to study lipid-peptide interactions. The values of maximum insertion pressure obtained for all peptides using a monolayer of 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-ethanolamine (DOPE) are larger than the estimated lateral pressure of membranes, thus suggesting that they bind membranes. Polarization modulation infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy has been used to determine the structure and orientation of these peptides in the absence and in the presence of a DOPE monolayer. This lipid induced an increase or a decrease in the organization of the peptide secondary structure. Further measurements are necessary using other lipids to better understand the membrane interactions of these peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustapha Lhor
- CUO-Recherche, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, Hôpital du Saint-Sacrement, Département d'ophtalmologie, Faculté de médecine, Université Laval, Québec, Québec G1V 0A6, Canada; Regroupement stratégique PROTEO, Université Laval, Québec, Québec G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Sarah C Bernier
- CUO-Recherche, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, Hôpital du Saint-Sacrement, Département d'ophtalmologie, Faculté de médecine, Université Laval, Québec, Québec G1V 0A6, Canada; Regroupement stratégique PROTEO, Université Laval, Québec, Québec G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Habib Horchani
- CUO-Recherche, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, Hôpital du Saint-Sacrement, Département d'ophtalmologie, Faculté de médecine, Université Laval, Québec, Québec G1V 0A6, Canada; Regroupement stratégique PROTEO, Université Laval, Québec, Québec G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Sylvain Bussières
- CUO-Recherche, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, Hôpital du Saint-Sacrement, Département d'ophtalmologie, Faculté de médecine, Université Laval, Québec, Québec G1V 0A6, Canada; Regroupement stratégique PROTEO, Université Laval, Québec, Québec G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Line Cantin
- CUO-Recherche, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, Hôpital du Saint-Sacrement, Département d'ophtalmologie, Faculté de médecine, Université Laval, Québec, Québec G1V 0A6, Canada; Regroupement stratégique PROTEO, Université Laval, Québec, Québec G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Bernard Desbat
- CBMN-UMR 5248 CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, IPB, Allée Geoffroy Saint Hilaire, 33600 Pessac, France
| | - Christian Salesse
- CUO-Recherche, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, Hôpital du Saint-Sacrement, Département d'ophtalmologie, Faculté de médecine, Université Laval, Québec, Québec G1V 0A6, Canada; Regroupement stratégique PROTEO, Université Laval, Québec, Québec G1V 0A6, Canada.
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Geraldo VP, Pavinatto FJ, Nobre TM, Caseli L, Oliveira ON. Langmuir films containing ibuprofen and phospholipids. Chem Phys Lett 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2012.12.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Sand SL, Nissen-Meyer J, Sand O, Haug TM. Plantaricin A, a cationic peptide produced by Lactobacillus plantarum, permeabilizes eukaryotic cell membranes by a mechanism dependent on negative surface charge linked to glycosylated membrane proteins. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2012; 1828:249-59. [PMID: 23142566 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2012.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2012] [Revised: 10/01/2012] [Accepted: 11/01/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Lactobacillus plantarum C11 releases plantaricin A (PlnA), a cationic peptide pheromone that has a membrane-permeabilizing, antimicrobial effect. We have previously shown that PlnA may also permeabilize eukaryotic cells, with a potency that differs between cell types. It is generally assumed that cationic antimicrobial peptides exert their effects through electrostatic attraction to negatively charged phospholipids in the membrane. The aim of the present study was to investigate if removal of the negative charge linked to glycosylated proteins at the cell surface reduces the permeabilizing potency of PlnA. The effects of PlnA were tested on clonal rat anterior pituitary cells (GH(4) cells) using patch clamp and microfluorometric techniques. In physiological extracellular solution, GH(4) cells are highly sensitive to PlnA, but the sensitivity was dramatically reduced in solutions that partly neutralize the negative surface charge of the cells, in agreement with the notion that electrostatic interactions are probably important for the PlnA effects. Trypsination of cells prior to PlnA exposure also rendered the cells less sensitive to the peptide, suggesting that negative charges linked to membrane proteins are involved in the permeabilizing action. Finally, pre-exposure of cells to a mixture of enzymes that split carbohydrate residues from the backbone of glycosylated proteins also impeded the PlnA-induced membrane permeabilization. We conclude that electrostatic attraction between PlnA and glycosylated membrane proteins is probably an essential first step before PlnA can interact with membrane phospholipids. Deviating glycosylation patterns may contribute to the variation in PlnA sensitivity of different cell types, including cancerous cells and their normal counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sverre L Sand
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
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Andersland K, Jølle GF, Sand O, Haug TM. Peptide Pheromone Plantaricin A Produced by Lactobacillus plantarum Permeabilizes Liver and Kidney Cells. J Membr Biol 2010; 235:121-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s00232-010-9263-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2010] [Accepted: 05/08/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Reversible transition between α-helix and β-sheet conformation of a transmembrane domain. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2009; 1788:1722-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2009.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2008] [Revised: 05/16/2009] [Accepted: 05/19/2009] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Maniti O, Lecompte MF, Marcillat O, Desbat B, Buchet R, Vial C, Granjon T. Mitochondrial creatine kinase binding to phospholipid monolayers induces cardiolipin segregation. Biophys J 2009; 96:2428-38. [PMID: 19289067 PMCID: PMC2907684 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2008.12.3911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2008] [Revised: 12/11/2008] [Accepted: 12/15/2008] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
It is well established that the octameric mitochondrial form of creatine kinase (mtCK) binds to the outer face of the inner mitochondrial membrane mainly via electrostatic interactions with cardiolipin (CL). However, little is known about the consequences of these interactions on membrane and protein levels. Brewster angle microscopy investigations provide, for the first time to our knowledge, images indicating that mtCK binding induced cluster formation on CL monolayers. The thickness of the clusters (10-12 nm) corresponds to the theoretical height of the mtCK-CL complex. Protein insertion into a condensed CL film, together with monolayer stabilization after protein addition, was observed by means of differential capacity measurements. Polarization modulation infrared reflection-absorption spectroscopy showed that the mean orientation of alpha-helices within the protein shifted upon CL binding from 30 degrees to 45 degrees with respect to the interface plane, demonstrating protein domain movements. A comparison of data obtained with CL and phosphatidylcholine/phosphatidylethanolamine/CL (2:1:1) monolayers indicates that mtCK is able to selectively recruit CL molecules within the mixed monolayer, consolidating and changing the morphology of the interfacial film. Therefore, CL-rich domains induced by mtCK binding could modulate mitochondrial inner membrane morphology into a raft-like organization and influence essential steps of mitochondria-mediated apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ofelia Maniti
- Chemistry-Biochemistry, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Unite Mixte de Recherche 5246, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, l'Institut Multidisciplinaire de Biochimie des Lipides, Institut de Chimie et Biochimie Moléculaires et Supramoléculaires, Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France
| | | | | | - Bernard Desbat
- Unite Mixte de Recherche 5248, Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire Numérique, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, École Nationale d'Ingénieurs des Travaux Agricoles de Bordeaux, Université Bordeaux 1, Pessac, France
| | - René Buchet
- Chemistry-Biochemistry, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Unite Mixte de Recherche 5246, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, l'Institut Multidisciplinaire de Biochimie des Lipides, Institut de Chimie et Biochimie Moléculaires et Supramoléculaires, Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Christian Vial
- Chemistry-Biochemistry, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Unite Mixte de Recherche 5246, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, l'Institut Multidisciplinaire de Biochimie des Lipides, Institut de Chimie et Biochimie Moléculaires et Supramoléculaires, Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Thierry Granjon
- Chemistry-Biochemistry, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Unite Mixte de Recherche 5246, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, l'Institut Multidisciplinaire de Biochimie des Lipides, Institut de Chimie et Biochimie Moléculaires et Supramoléculaires, Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France
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Jasniewski J, Cailliez-Grimal C, Younsi M, Millière JB, Revol-Junelles AM. Functional differences inLeuconostocsensitive and resistant strains to mesenterocin 52A, a class IIa bacteriocin. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2008; 289:193-201. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.2008.01381.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Jasniewski J, Cailliez-Grimal C, Younsi M, Millière JB, Revol-Junelles AM. Fluorescence anisotropy analysis of the mechanism of action of mesenterocin 52A: speculations on antimicrobial mechanism. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2008; 81:339-47. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-008-1677-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2008] [Revised: 08/21/2008] [Accepted: 08/21/2008] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Sánchez-Hidalgo M, Martínez-Bueno M, Fernández-Escamilla AM, Valdivia E, Serrano L, Maqueda M. Effect of replacing glutamic residues upon the biological activity and stability of the circular enterocin AS-48. J Antimicrob Chemother 2008; 61:1256-65. [DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkn126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Sand SL, Haug TM, Nissen-Meyer J, Sand O. The bacterial peptide pheromone plantaricin A permeabilizes cancerous, but not normal, rat pituitary cells and differentiates between the outer and inner membrane leaflet. J Membr Biol 2007; 216:61-71. [PMID: 17639368 DOI: 10.1007/s00232-007-9030-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2006] [Accepted: 05/08/2007] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Plantaricin A (PlnA) is a 26-mer peptide pheromone with membrane-permeabilizing, strain-specific antibacterial activity, produced by Lactobacillus plantarum C11. We investigated the membrane-permeabilizing effects of PlnA on cultured cancerous and normal rat anterior pituitary cells using patch-clamp techniques and microfluorometry (fura-2). Cancerous cells displayed massive permeabilization within 5 s after exposure to 10-100 microM PlnA. The membrane depolarized to nearly 0 mV, and the membrane resistance decreased to a mere fraction of the initial value after less than 1 min. In outside-out membrane patches, 10 microM PlnA induced membrane currents reversing at 0 mV, which is compatible with an unspecific conductance increase. The D and L forms of the peptide had similar potency, indicating a nonchiral mechanism for the membrane-permeabilizing effect. Surprisingly, inside-out patches were insensitive to 1 mM PlnA. Primary cultures of normal rat anterior pituitary cells were also insensitive to the peptide. Thus, PlnA differentiates between plasma membranes and membrane leaflets. Microfluorometric recordings of [Ca(2+)](i) and cytosolic concentration of fluorochrome verified the rapid permeabilizing effect of PlnA on cancerous cells and the insensitivity of normal pituitary cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sverre L Sand
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Oslo, NO 0316, Oslo, Norway
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Drider D, Fimland G, Héchard Y, McMullen LM, Prévost H. The continuing story of class IIa bacteriocins. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev 2006; 70:564-82. [PMID: 16760314 PMCID: PMC1489543 DOI: 10.1128/mmbr.00016-05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 436] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Many bacteria produce antimicrobial peptides, which are also referred to as peptide bacteriocins. The class IIa bacteriocins, often designated pediocin-like bacteriocins, constitute the most dominant group of antimicrobial peptides produced by lactic acid bacteria. The bacteriocins that belong to this class are structurally related and kill target cells by membrane permeabilization. Despite their structural similarity, class IIa bacteriocins display different target cell specificities. In the search for new antibiotic substances, the class IIa bacteriocins have been identified as promising new candidates and have thus received much attention. They kill some pathogenic bacteria (e.g., Listeria) with high efficiency, and they constitute a good model system for structure-function analyses of antimicrobial peptides in general. This review focuses on class IIa bacteriocins, especially on their structure, function, mode of action, biosynthesis, bacteriocin immunity, and current food applications. The genetics and biosynthesis of class IIa bacteriocins are well understood. The bacteriocins are ribosomally synthesized with an N-terminal leader sequence, which is cleaved off upon secretion. After externalization, the class IIa bacteriocins attach to potential target cells and, through electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions, subsequently permeabilize the cell membrane of sensitive cells. Recent observations suggest that a chiral interaction and possibly the presence of a mannose permease protein on the target cell surface are required for a bacteria to be sensitive to class IIa bacteriocins. There is also substantial evidence that the C-terminal half penetrates into the target cell membrane, and it plays an important role in determining the target cell specificity of these bacteriocins. Immunity proteins protect the bacteriocin producer from the bacteriocin it secretes. The three-dimensional structures of two class IIa immunity proteins have been determined, and it has been shown that the C-terminal halves of these cytosolic four-helix bundle proteins specify which class IIa bacteriocin they protect against.
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Affiliation(s)
- Djamel Drider
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie Alimentaire et Industrielle, ENITIAA, Rue de la Géraudière, BP82225, 44322 Nantes Cedex, France.
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