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Pérez-Gil J, Frick M. Acidic Enough for a Healthy Breath. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2024; 71:383-385. [PMID: 38889348 PMCID: PMC11450314 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2024-0237ed] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Pérez-Gil
- Research Institute "Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12)"
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Complutense University Madrid, Spain
| | - Manfred Frick
- Institute of General Physiology Ulm University Ulm, Germany
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Ben Messaoud N, Barreiros dos Santos M, Trocado V, Nogueira-Silva C, Queirós R. A novel label-free electrochemical immunosensor for detection of surfactant protein B in amniotic fluid. Talanta 2023; 251:123744. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.123744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Ghitoi SA, Așchie M, Cozaru GC, Enciu M, Matei E, Nicolau AA, Bălțătescu GI, Dobrin N, Cîrjaliu RE, Fildan AP. Surfactant proteins analysis in perinatal deceased preterm twins among the Romanian population. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e29701. [PMID: 35905206 PMCID: PMC9333506 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000029701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The molecular basis of the evaluation of children suspected of having disorders of surfactant proteins is still under discussion. In this study, we aimed to describe the morphological characteristics and to evaluate the immunohistochemical expression of surfactant proteins (surfactant protein A [SPA], surfactant protein B, and pro-surfactant protein C) in the preterm twins that deceased due to unexplained respiratory distress syndrome (n = 12). Results showed statistically significant positive correlations between surfactant protein B expressions and pulmonary hemorrhage (ρ = 0.678; P < .05), SPA levels, and Apgar score (ρ = 0.605; P < .05) and also expressions of SPA and bronchopneumonia (ρ = 0.695; P < .05). The fetuses and neonates of the same gestational age showed differences among surfactant proteins regarding the immunostaining expression. Our data evidence a marked interindividual variability in the expression of all 3 surfactant proteins among the cases analyzed (n = 12), suggesting the intervention of some individual and epigenetic factors during gestation that might influence surfactant protein production and consequently survival rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinziana-Andra Ghitoi
- Clinical Service of Pathology, “Sf. Apostol Andrei” Emergency County Hospital, Constanta, Romania
| | - Mariana Așchie
- Clinical Service of Pathology, “Sf. Apostol Andrei” Emergency County Hospital, Constanta, Romania
- Center for Research and Development of the Morphological and Genetic Studies of Malignant Pathology, “Ovidius” University of Constanta, CEDMOG, Constanta, Romania
- Medicine Faculty, “Ovidius” University of Constanta, Constanta, Romania
| | - Georgeta Camelia Cozaru
- Clinical Service of Pathology, “Sf. Apostol Andrei” Emergency County Hospital, Constanta, Romania
- Center for Research and Development of the Morphological and Genetic Studies of Malignant Pathology, “Ovidius” University of Constanta, CEDMOG, Constanta, Romania
| | - Manuela Enciu
- Clinical Service of Pathology, “Sf. Apostol Andrei” Emergency County Hospital, Constanta, Romania
- Medicine Faculty, “Ovidius” University of Constanta, Constanta, Romania
| | - Elena Matei
- Center for Research and Development of the Morphological and Genetic Studies of Malignant Pathology, “Ovidius” University of Constanta, CEDMOG, Constanta, Romania
- *Correspondence: Elena Matei, Center for Research and Development of the Morphological and Genetic Studies of Malignant Pathology, “Ovidius” University of Constanta, CEDMOG, 145 Tomis Blvd., Constanta 900591, Romania (e-mail: )
| | - Antonela-Anca Nicolau
- Clinical Service of Pathology, “Sf. Apostol Andrei” Emergency County Hospital, Constanta, Romania
- Center for Research and Development of the Morphological and Genetic Studies of Malignant Pathology, “Ovidius” University of Constanta, CEDMOG, Constanta, Romania
| | - Gabriela Izabela Bălțătescu
- Clinical Service of Pathology, “Sf. Apostol Andrei” Emergency County Hospital, Constanta, Romania
- Center for Research and Development of the Morphological and Genetic Studies of Malignant Pathology, “Ovidius” University of Constanta, CEDMOG, Constanta, Romania
| | - Nicolae Dobrin
- Center for Research and Development of the Morphological and Genetic Studies of Malignant Pathology, “Ovidius” University of Constanta, CEDMOG, Constanta, Romania
- Medicine Faculty, “Ovidius” University of Constanta, Constanta, Romania
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Dietl P, Frick M. Channels and Transporters of the Pulmonary Lamellar Body in Health and Disease. Cells 2021; 11:45. [PMID: 35011607 PMCID: PMC8750383 DOI: 10.3390/cells11010045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The lamellar body (LB) of the alveolar type II (ATII) cell is a lysosome-related organelle (LRO) that contains surfactant, a complex mix of mainly lipids and specific surfactant proteins. The major function of surfactant in the lung is the reduction of surface tension and stabilization of alveoli during respiration. Its lack or deficiency may cause various forms of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). Surfactant is also part of the innate immune system in the lung, defending the organism against air-borne pathogens. The limiting (organelle) membrane that encloses the LB contains various transporters that are in part responsible for translocating lipids and other organic material into the LB. On the other hand, this membrane contains ion transporters and channels that maintain a specific internal ion composition including the acidic pH of about 5. Furthermore, P2X4 receptors, ligand gated ion channels of the danger signal ATP, are expressed in the limiting LB membrane. They play a role in boosting surfactant secretion and fluid clearance. In this review, we discuss the functions of these transporting pathways of the LB, including possible roles in disease and as therapeutic targets, including viral infections such as SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Dietl
- Institute of General Physiology, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Manfred Frick
- Institute of General Physiology, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
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Cao W, Liu Q, Wang T, Zhang Q, Cheng F, Tang Y, Mei C, Wen F, Wang W. Recombinant expression of the precursor of rat lung surfactant protein B in Escherichia coli and its antibacterial mechanism. Protein Expr Purif 2020; 179:105801. [PMID: 33248225 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2020.105801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
While the discovery of antibiotics has made a huge contribution to medicine, bacteria that are resistant to many antibiotics pose new challenges to medicine. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), a new kind of antibiotics, have attracted people's attention because they are not prone to drug resistance. In this study, glutathione transferase (GST) was used as a fusion partner to recombinantly expressed rat lung surfactant protein B precursor (proSP-B) in E. coli pLySs. Cck-8 evaluated the cytotoxicity of the fusion protein and calculated its 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50). The purified peptides showed broad-spectrum antibacterial activity using filter paper method and MIC, and propidium iodide (PI) was used to explore the antibacterial mechanism against Staphylococcus aureus. In addition, the pEGFP-N2-proSP-B vector was constructed to explore the localization of proSP-B in CCL-149 cells. We found that proSP-B has obvious antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria and fungi, and has broad-spectrum antibacterial activity. Besides, proSP-B fusion protein has low toxicity and can change the permeability of Staphylococcus aureus cell membrane to realize its antibacterial. For these reasons, proSP-B can be used as a potential natural antibacterial drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wulong Cao
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, PR China.
| | - Qin Liu
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, PR China.
| | - Ting Wang
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, PR China.
| | - Qiuhan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, PR China.
| | - Fu Cheng
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, PR China.
| | - Yishan Tang
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, PR China.
| | - Chenchen Mei
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, PR China.
| | - Fang Wen
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, PR China.
| | - Wanneng Wang
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, PR China.
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Olmeda B, Martínez-Calle M, Pérez-Gil J. Pulmonary surfactant metabolism in the alveolar airspace: Biogenesis, extracellular conversions, recycling. Ann Anat 2016; 209:78-92. [PMID: 27773772 DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2016.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Revised: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary surfactant is a lipid-protein complex that lines and stabilizes the respiratory interface in the alveoli, allowing for gas exchange during the breathing cycle. At the same time, surfactant constitutes the first line of lung defense against pathogens. This review presents an updated view on the processes involved in biogenesis and intracellular processing of newly synthesized and recycled surfactant components, as well as on the extracellular surfactant transformations before and after the formation of the surface active film at the air-water interface. Special attention is paid to the crucial regulation of surfactant homeostasis, because its disruption is associated with several lung pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bárbara Olmeda
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, and Research Institute "Hospital 12 de Octubre", Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Martínez-Calle
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, and Research Institute "Hospital 12 de Octubre", Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesus Pérez-Gil
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, and Research Institute "Hospital 12 de Octubre", Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
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Czernik C, Schmalisch G, Bührer C, Proquitté H. Fetal and neonatal samples of a precursor surfactant protein B inversely related to gestational age. BMC Pediatr 2013; 13:164. [PMID: 24112641 PMCID: PMC3852371 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2431-13-164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2013] [Accepted: 10/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Alveolar–capillary membrane leaks can increase the amount of surfactant protein B (SP-B) in the bloodstream. The purpose of this study was to measure the concentration of C-proSP-B, a SP-B precursor that includes C-terminal domains, in various body fluids of newborn infants and determine its dependence on gestational age. Methods C-pro-SPB was measured in amniotic fluid and umbilical cord blood at birth, and in peripheral blood and urine on postnatal day 3 in 137 newborn infants with a median birth weight of 2015 g (range, 550–4475 g) and gestational age of 34 weeks (range, 23–42 weeks). Results C-proSP-B levels differed more than 100-fold among samples. The levels (median; interquartile range) were highest in peripheral blood (655.6 ng/mL; 419.0-1467.0 ng/mL) and lowest in urine (3.08 ng/mL; 2.96-3.35 ng/mL). C-proSP-B levels in amniotic fluid (314.9 ng/mL; 192.7–603.6 ng/mL) were approximately half of those in peripheral blood. In cord blood C-proSP-B was slightly lower (589.1 ng/mL; 181.2-1129.0 ng/mL) compared with peripheral blood. C-proSP-B levels significantly increased in all the fluids sampled except urine with decreasing gestational age (p < 0.001). Conclusions This novel assay allows for the quantitative measurement of C-proSP-B in blood and amniotic fluid. The dependence of C-proSP-B on gestational age may hamper its use for the detection of alveolar leaks in preterm newborns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Czernik
- Department of Neonatology, Charité University Medical Center, Berlin, Germany.
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Olmeda B, García-Álvarez B, Pérez-Gil J. Structure–function correlations of pulmonary surfactant protein SP-B and the saposin-like family of proteins. EUROPEAN BIOPHYSICS JOURNAL: EBJ 2012; 42:209-22. [DOI: 10.1007/s00249-012-0858-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2012] [Revised: 08/18/2012] [Accepted: 09/03/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Topology and lipid selectivity of pulmonary surfactant protein SP-B in membranes: Answers from fluorescence. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2012; 1818:1717-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2012.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2012] [Revised: 03/12/2012] [Accepted: 03/13/2012] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Keating E, Zuo YY, Tadayyon SM, Petersen NO, Possmayer F, Veldhuizen RAW. A modified squeeze-out mechanism for generating high surface pressures with pulmonary surfactant. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2011; 1818:1225-34. [PMID: 22206628 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2011.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2011] [Revised: 12/06/2011] [Accepted: 12/07/2011] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The exact mechanism by which pulmonary surfactant films reach the very low surface tensions required to stabilize the alveoli at end expiration remains uncertain. We utilized the nanoscale sensitivity of atomic force microscopy (AFM) to examine phospholipid (PL) phase transition and multilayer formation for two Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) systems: a simple 3 PL surfactant-like mixture and the more complex bovine lipid extract surfactant (BLES). AFM height images demonstrated that both systems develop two types of liquid condensed (LC) domains (micro- and nano-sized) within a liquid expanded phase (LE). The 3 PL mixture failed to form significant multilayers at high surface pressure (π while BLES forms an extensive network of multilayer structures containing up to three bilayers. A close examination of the progression of multilayer formation reveals that multilayers start to form at the edge of the solid-like LC domains and also in the fluid-like LE phase. We used the elemental analysis capability of time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) to show that multilayer structures are enriched in unsaturated PLs while the saturated PLs are concentrated in the remaining interfacial monolayer. This supports a modified squeeze-out model where film compression results in the hydrophobic surfactant protein-dependent formation of unsaturated PL-rich multilayers which remain functionally associated with a monolayer enriched in disaturated PL species. This allows the surface film to attain low surface tensions during compression and maintain values near equilibrium during expansion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Keating
- Lawson Health Research Institute, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.
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Plant virus cell-to-cell movement is not dependent on the transmembrane disposition of its movement protein. J Virol 2009; 83:5535-43. [PMID: 19321624 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00393-09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The cell-to-cell transport of plant viruses depends on one or more virus-encoded movement proteins (MPs). Some MPs are integral membrane proteins that interact with the membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum, but a detailed understanding of the interaction between MPs and biological membranes has been lacking. The cell-to-cell movement of the Prunus necrotic ringspot virus (PNRSV) is facilitated by a single MP of the 30K superfamily. Here, using a myriad of biochemical and biophysical approaches, we show that the PNRSV MP contains only one hydrophobic region (HR) that interacts with the membrane interface, as opposed to being a transmembrane protein. We also show that a proline residue located in the middle of the HR constrains the structural conformation of this region at the membrane interface, and its replacement precludes virus movement.
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Pérez-Gil J. Structure of pulmonary surfactant membranes and films: the role of proteins and lipid-protein interactions. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2008; 1778:1676-95. [PMID: 18515069 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2008.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 348] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2007] [Revised: 04/07/2008] [Accepted: 05/06/2008] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The pulmonary surfactant system constitutes an excellent example of how dynamic membrane polymorphism governs some biological functions through specific lipid-lipid, lipid-protein and protein-protein interactions assembled in highly differentiated cells. Lipid-protein surfactant complexes are assembled in alveolar pneumocytes in the form of tightly packed membranes, which are stored in specialized organelles called lamellar bodies (LB). Upon secretion of LBs, surfactant develops a membrane-based network that covers rapidly and efficiently the whole respiratory surface. This membrane-based surface layer is organized in a way that permits efficient gas exchange while optimizing the encounter of many different molecules and cells at the epithelial surface, in a cross-talk essential to keep the whole organism safe from potential pathogenic invaders. The present review summarizes what is known about the structure of the different forms of surfactant, with special emphasis on current models of the molecular organization of surfactant membrane components. The architecture and the behaviour shown by surfactant structures in vivo are interpreted, to some extent, from the interactions and the properties exhibited by different surfactant models as they have been studied in vitro, particularly addressing the possible role played by surfactant proteins. However, the limitations in structural complexity and biophysical performance of surfactant preparations reconstituted in vitro will be highlighted in particular, to allow for a proper evaluation of the significance of the experimental model systems used so far to study structure-function relationships in surfactant, and to define future challenges in the design and production of more efficient clinical surfactants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Pérez-Gil
- Departamento Bioquímica, Facultad de Biología, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain.
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