1
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Martin J, Li YM, Gilchrist ML. Supported Biomembrane Systems Incorporating Multiarm Polymers and Bioorthogonal Tethering. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:11401-11410. [PMID: 38767862 PMCID: PMC11155251 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c00176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
To functionalize interfaces with supported biomembranes and membrane proteins, the challenge is to build stabilized and supported systems that mimic the native lipid microenvironment. Our objective is to control substrate-to-biomembrane spacing and the tethering chemistry so proteoliposomes can be fused and conjugated without perturbation of membrane protein function. Furthermore, the substrates need to exhibit low protein and antibody nonspecific binding to use these systems in assays. We have employed protein orthogonal coupling schemes in concert with multiarm poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) technology to build supported biomembranes on microspheres. The lipid bilayer structures and tailored substrates of the microsphere-supported biomembranes were analyzed via flow cytometry, confocal fluorescence, and super-resolution imaging microscopy, and the lateral fluidity was quantified using fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) techniques. Under these conditions, the 4-arm-PEG20,000-NH2 based configuration gave the most desirable tethering system based on lateral diffusivity and coverage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse
A. Martin
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and the Department of Biomedical Engineering, The City College of the City University of New York, 140th Street and Convent Avenue, New York, New York 10031, United States
| | - Yue-Ming Li
- Chemical
Biology Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering
Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - M. Lane Gilchrist
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and the Department of Biomedical Engineering, The City College of the City University of New York, 140th Street and Convent Avenue, New York, New York 10031, United States
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2
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Socrier L, Sharma A, Chen T, Flato K, Kettelhoit K, Enderlein J, Werz DB, Steinem C. Fluorophore position of headgroup-labeled Gb 3 glycosphingolipids in lipid bilayers. Biophys J 2023; 122:4104-4112. [PMID: 37735870 PMCID: PMC10598288 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2023.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Fluorescent lipid probes are an invaluable tool for investigating lipid membranes. In particular, localizing certain receptor lipids such as glycosphingolipids within phase-separated membranes is of pivotal interest to understanding the influence of protein-receptor lipid binding on membrane organization. However, fluorescent labeling can readily alter the phase behavior of a lipid membrane because of the interaction of the fluorescent moiety with the membrane interface. Here, we investigated Gb3 glycosphingolipids, serving as receptor lipids for the protein Shiga toxin, with a headgroup attached BODIPY fluorophore separated by a polyethylene glycol (PEG) spacer of different lengths. We found that the diffusion coefficients of the fluorescently labeled Gb3 species in 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine/Gb3 (98:2, n/n) supported lipid bilayers are unaltered by the PEG spacer length. However, quenching as well as graphene-induced energy transfer experiments indicated that the length of the PEG spacer (n = 3 and n = 13) alters the position of the BODIPY fluorophore. In particular, the graphene-induced energy transfer technique provided accurate end-to-end distances between the fluorophores in the two leaflets of the bilayer thus enabling us to quantify the distance between the membrane interface and the fluorophore with sub-nanometer resolution. The spacer with three oligo ethylene glycol groups positioned the BODIPY fluorophore directly at the membrane interface favoring its interaction with the bilayer and thus may disturb lipid packing. However, the longer PEG spacer (n = 13) separated the BODIPY moiety from the membrane surface by 1.5 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Socrier
- Max-Planck-Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Akshita Sharma
- III. Institute of Physics - Biophysics, Georg-August-Universität, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Tao Chen
- III. Institute of Physics - Biophysics, Georg-August-Universität, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Kira Flato
- Institute of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, Georg-August-Universität, Göttingen, Germany
| | | | - Jörg Enderlein
- III. Institute of Physics - Biophysics, Georg-August-Universität, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Daniel B Werz
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Claudia Steinem
- Max-Planck-Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization, Göttingen, Germany; Institute of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, Georg-August-Universität, Göttingen, Germany.
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3
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Nasrollahpour M, Vafaee M, Razzaghi S. Structural and Dynamical Properties of Palmitoyl-Oleoyl Phosphatidylserine Lipid Nanotubes Containing Cholesterols and PEGylated Dioleoyl Phosphatidylethanolamine: A Coarse-Grained Molecular Dynamics Simulation. Chem Eng Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2022.117848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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4
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Lajunen T, Nurmi R, Wilbie D, Ruoslahti T, Johansson NG, Korhonen O, Rog T, Bunker A, Ruponen M, Urtti A. The effect of light sensitizer localization on the stability of indocyanine green liposomes. J Control Release 2018; 284:213-223. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2018.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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5
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Tian C, Asghar S, Wu Y, Kambere Amerigos D, Chen Z, Zhang M, Yin L, Huang L, Ping Q, Xiao Y. N-acetyl-L-cysteine functionalized nanostructured lipid carrier for improving oral bioavailability of curcumin: preparation, in vitro and in vivo evaluations. Drug Deliv 2017; 24:1605-1616. [PMID: 29063815 PMCID: PMC8241171 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2017.1391890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Revised: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The application of orally administered nanoparticles in the circulation system is limited by the secretion and shedding of intestinal tract mucous layer. In order to enhance mucoadhesion and mucus penetration of curcumin (Cur)-loaded nanostructured lipid carrier (NLC) after oral administration, a new multifunctional conjugate, N-acetyl-L-cysteine-polyethylene glycol (100)-monostearate (NAPG), was synthesized. Functionalized nanocarriers (Cur-NAPG-NLC) modified by different amounts of NAPG (the amounts of NAPG were 20, 50, and 100 mg) were prepared and investigated for in vitro and in vivo behavior. Mean particle sizes of 89-141 nm with negative zeta potential (-15 to -11 mV) and high encapsulation efficiency (EE, >90%) possessing spherical and stable nanocarriers were observed. Sustained drug release was also observed for the NAPG-NLC. In situ intestinal perfusion studies showed that with increasing the amount of NAPG increase absorption of Cur. In vivo oral pharmacokinetic evaluation suggested that the bioavailability of Cur in rats was proportional to the degree of functionalization of NLCs with NAPG. AUC0-t of Cur-NAPG100-NLC was improved by 499.45 and 116.89 folds as compared to that of Cur solution and unmodified Cur-NLC, respectively. In conclusion, NAPG modified NLC could be a promising drug delivery system for improving oral performance of BCS class IV drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cihui Tian
- Department of Pharmaceutics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Sajid Asghar
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Yifan Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Daddy Kambere Amerigos
- Department of Pharmaceutics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, PR China
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug analysis, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Zhipeng Chen
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug analysis, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Mei Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Lining Yin
- Department of Pharmaceutics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Lin Huang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Qineng Ping
- Department of Pharmaceutics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Yanyu Xiao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, PR China
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6
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Tian C, Asghar S, Wu Y, Chen Z, Jin X, Yin L, Huang L, Ping Q, Xiao Y. Improving intestinal absorption and oral bioavailability of curcumin via taurocholic acid-modified nanostructured lipid carriers. Int J Nanomedicine 2017; 12:7897-7911. [PMID: 29138557 PMCID: PMC5667785 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s145988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The expression of multiple receptors on intestinal epithelial cells enables an actively targeted carrier to significantly enhance the oral delivery of payloads. Conjugating the receptors' ligands on the surfaces of a particulate-delivery system allows site-specific targeting. Here, we used taurocholic acid (TCA) as a ligand for uptake of nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) mediated by a bile-acid transporter to improve oral bioavailability of curcumin (Cur). First, synthesis of TCA-polyethylene glycol 100-monostearate (S100-TCA) was carried out. Then, the physical and chemical properties of S100-TCA-modified Cur-loaded NLCs (Cur-TCA NLCs) with varying levels of S100-TCA modifications were investigated. Small particle size (<150 nm), high drug encapsulation (>90%), drug loading (about 3%), negative ζ-potential (-7 to -3 mV), and sustained release were obtained. In situ intestinal perfusion studies demonstrated improved absorption rate and permeability coefficient of Cur-TCA NLCs. Depending on the degree of modification, Cur-TCA NLCs displayed about a five- to 15-fold higher area under the curve in rats after oral administration than unmodified Cur NLCs, which established that the addition of S100-TCA to the NLCs boosted absorption of Cur. Further investigations of TCA NLCs might reveal a bright future for effective oral delivery of poorly bioavailable drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cihui Tian
- Department of Pharmaceutics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Sajid Asghar
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Yifan Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhipeng Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin Jin
- Department of Pharmaceutics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lining Yin
- Department of Pharmaceutics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lin Huang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qineng Ping
- Department of Pharmaceutics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanyu Xiao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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7
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Kierstead PH, Okochi H, Venditto VJ, Chuong TC, Kivimae S, Fréchet JMJ, Szoka FC. The effect of polymer backbone chemistry on the induction of the accelerated blood clearance in polymer modified liposomes. J Control Release 2015; 213:1-9. [PMID: 26093095 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2015.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2014] [Revised: 05/30/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
A variety of water-soluble polymers, when attached to a liposome, substantially increase liposome circulation half-life in animals. However, in certain conditions, liposomes modified with the most widely used polymer, polyethylene glycol (PEG), induce an IgM response resulting in an accelerated blood clearance (ABC) of the liposome upon the second injection. Modification of liposomes with other water-soluble polymers: HPMA (poly[N-(2-hydroxypropyl) methacrylamide]), PVP (poly(vinylpyrrolidone)), PMOX (poly(2-methyl-2-oxazoline)), PDMA (poly(N,N-dimethyl acrylamide)), and PAcM (poly(N-acryloyl morpholine)), increases circulation times of liposomes; but a precise comparison of their ability to promote long circulation or induce the ABC effect has not been reported. To obtain a more nuanced understanding of the role of polymer structure/MW to promote long circulation, we synthesized a library of polymer diacyl chain lipids with low polydispersity (1.04-1.09), similar polymer molecular weights (2.1-2.5kDa) and incorporated them into 100nm liposomes of a narrow polydispersity (0.25-1.3) composed of polymer-lipid/hydrogenated soy phosphatidylcholine/cholesterol/diD: 5.0/54.5/40/0.5. We confirm that HPMA, PVP, PMOX, PDMA and PAcM modified liposome have increased circulation times in rodents and that PVP, PDMA, and PAcM do not induce the ABC effect. We demonstrate for the first time, that HPMA does not cause an ABC effect whereas PMOX induces a pronounced ABC effect in rats. We find that a single dose of liposomes coated with PEG and PMOX generates an IgM response in rats towards the respective polymer. Finally, in this homologous polymer series, we observe a positive correlation (R=0.84 in rats, R=0.92 in mice) between the circulation time of polymer-modified liposomes and polymer viscosity; PEG and PMOX, the polymers that can initiate an ABC response were the two most viscous polymers. Our findings suggest that polymers that do not cause an ABC effect such as, HPMA or PVP, deserve further consideration as polymer coatings to improve the circulation of liposomes and other nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul H Kierstead
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Department of Bioengineering, Therapeutic Sciences and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Hideaki Okochi
- Department of Bioengineering, Therapeutic Sciences and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Vincent J Venditto
- Department of Bioengineering, Therapeutic Sciences and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Tracy C Chuong
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Saul Kivimae
- Department of Bioengineering, Therapeutic Sciences and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Jean M J Fréchet
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Physical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Francis C Szoka
- Department of Bioengineering, Therapeutic Sciences and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
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8
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Rufin MA, Gruetzner JA, Hurley MJ, Hawkins ML, Raymond ES, Raymond JE, Grunlan MA. Enhancing the protein resistance of silicone via surface-restructuring PEO-silane amphiphiles with variable PEO length. J Mater Chem B 2015; 3:2816-2825. [PMID: 26339488 PMCID: PMC4554761 DOI: 10.1039/c4tb02042a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Silicones with superior protein resistance were produced by bulk-modification with poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO)-silane amphiphiles that demonstrated a higher capacity to restructure to the surface-water interface versus conventional non-amphiphilic PEO-silanes. The PEO-silane amphiphiles were prepared with a single siloxane tether length but variable PEO segment lengths: α-(EtO)3Si(CH2)2-oligodimethylsiloxane13-block-poly(ethylene oxide) n -OCH3 (n = 3, 8, and 16). Conventional PEO-silane analogues (n = 3, 8 and 16) as well as a siloxane tether-silane (i.e. no PEO segment) were prepared as controls. When surface-grafted onto silicon wafer, PEO-silane amphiphiles produced surfaces that were more hydrophobic and thus more adherent towards fibrinogen versus the corresponding PEO-silane. However, when blended into a silicone, PEO-silane amphiphiles exhibited rapid restructuring to the surface-water interface and excellent protein resistance whereas the PEO-silanes did not. Silicones modified with PEO-silane amphiphiles of PEO segment lengths n = 8 and 16 achieved the highest protein resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. A. Rufin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-3120
| | - J. A. Gruetzner
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-3120
| | - M. J. Hurley
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-3120
| | - M. L. Hawkins
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-3120
| | - E. S. Raymond
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-3120
| | - J. E. Raymond
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-3120
| | - M. A. Grunlan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-3120
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-3120
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9
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Su Z, Xing L, Chen Y, Xu Y, Yang F, Zhang C, Ping Q, Xiao Y. Lactoferrin-Modified Poly(ethylene glycol)-Grafted BSA Nanoparticles as a Dual-Targeting Carrier for Treating Brain Gliomas. Mol Pharm 2014; 11:1823-34. [DOI: 10.1021/mp500238m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhigui Su
- Department
of Pharmaceutics,
State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Lei Xing
- Department
of Pharmaceutics,
State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Yinan Chen
- Department
of Pharmaceutics,
State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Yurui Xu
- Department
of Pharmaceutics,
State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Feifei Yang
- Department
of Pharmaceutics,
State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Can Zhang
- Department
of Pharmaceutics,
State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Qineng Ping
- Department
of Pharmaceutics,
State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Yanyu Xiao
- Department
of Pharmaceutics,
State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
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10
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NMR methods for measuring lateral diffusion in membranes. Chem Phys Lipids 2013; 166:31-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2012.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2012] [Revised: 12/11/2012] [Accepted: 12/12/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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11
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Perry JL, Reuter KG, Kai MP, Herlihy KP, Jones SW, Luft JC, Napier M, Bear JE, DeSimone JM. PEGylated PRINT nanoparticles: the impact of PEG density on protein binding, macrophage association, biodistribution, and pharmacokinetics. NANO LETTERS 2012; 12:5304-10. [PMID: 22920324 PMCID: PMC4157665 DOI: 10.1021/nl302638g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 443] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
In this account, we varied PEGylation density on the surface of hydrogel PRINT nanoparticles and systematically observed the effects on protein adsorption, macrophage uptake, and circulation time. Interestingly, the density of PEGylation necessary to promote a long-circulating particle was dramatically less than what has been previously reported. Overall, our methodology provides a rapid screening technique to predict particle behavior in vivo and our results deliver further insight to what PEG density is necessary to facilitate long-circulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jillian L. Perry
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Kevin G. Reuter
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Marc P. Kai
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Kevin P. Herlihy
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Stephen W. Jones
- Cell and Developmental Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - J. Chris Luft
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
- Carolina Center of Cancer Nanotechnology Excellence, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
- Institute for Nanomedicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Mary Napier
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
- Carolina Center of Cancer Nanotechnology Excellence, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
- Institute for Nanomedicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - James E. Bear
- Cell and Developmental Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Joseph M. DeSimone
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
- Carolina Center of Cancer Nanotechnology Excellence, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
- Institute for Advanced Materials, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
- Institute for Nanomedicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
- Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10021, United States
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12
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Leung AK, Hafez IM, Baoukina S, Belliveau NM, Zhigaltsev IV, Afshinmanesh E, Tieleman DP, Hansen CL, Hope MJ, Cullis PR. Lipid Nanoparticles Containing siRNA Synthesized by Microfluidic Mixing Exhibit an Electron-Dense Nanostructured Core. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2012; 116:18440-18450. [PMID: 22962627 PMCID: PMC3434764 DOI: 10.1021/jp303267y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 205] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2012] [Revised: 07/05/2012] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Lipid nanoparticles (LNP) containing ionizable cationic lipids are the leading systems for enabling therapeutic applications of siRNA; however, the structure of these systems has not been defined. Here we examine the structure of LNP siRNA systems containing DLinKC2-DMA(an ionizable cationic lipid), phospholipid, cholesterol and a polyethylene glycol (PEG) lipid formed using a rapid microfluidic mixing process. Techniques employed include cryo-transmission electron microscopy, (31)P NMR, membrane fusion assays, density measurements, and molecular modeling. The experimental results indicate that these LNP siRNA systems have an interior lipid core containing siRNA duplexes complexed to cationic lipid and that the interior core also contains phospholipid and cholesterol. Consistent with experimental observations, molecular modeling calculations indicate that the interior of LNP siRNA systems exhibits a periodic structure of aqueous compartments, where some compartments contain siRNA. It is concluded that LNP siRNA systems formulated by rapid mixing of an ethanol solution of lipid with an aqueous medium containing siRNA exhibit a nanostructured core. The results give insight into the mechanism whereby LNP siRNA systems are formed, providing an understanding of the high encapsulation efficiencies that can be achieved and information on methods of constructing more sophisticated LNP systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex K.
K. Leung
- Department
of Biochemistry and
Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada V6T 1Z3
| | - Ismail M. Hafez
- Department
of Biochemistry and
Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada V6T 1Z3
| | - Svetlana Baoukina
- Department of Biological Sciences
and Institute for Biocomplexity and Informatics, University
of Calgary, Calgary, Canada T2N 1N4
| | | | - Igor V. Zhigaltsev
- Department
of Biochemistry and
Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada V6T 1Z3
| | - Elham Afshinmanesh
- Department of Biological Sciences
and Institute for Biocomplexity and Informatics, University
of Calgary, Calgary, Canada T2N 1N4
| | - D. Peter Tieleman
- Department of Biological Sciences
and Institute for Biocomplexity and Informatics, University
of Calgary, Calgary, Canada T2N 1N4
| | - Carl L. Hansen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British
Columbia, Vancouver, Canada V6T
1Z1
| | | | - Pieter R. Cullis
- Department
of Biochemistry and
Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada V6T 1Z3
- E-mail:
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13
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Belliveau NM, Huft J, Lin PJ, Chen S, Leung AK, Leaver TJ, Wild AW, Lee JB, Taylor RJ, Tam YK, Hansen CL, Cullis PR. Microfluidic Synthesis of Highly Potent Limit-size Lipid Nanoparticles for In Vivo Delivery of siRNA. MOLECULAR THERAPY-NUCLEIC ACIDS 2012; 1:e37. [PMID: 23344179 PMCID: PMC3442367 DOI: 10.1038/mtna.2012.28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 398] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Lipid nanoparticles (LNP) are the leading systems for in vivo delivery of small interfering RNA (siRNA) for therapeutic applications. Formulation of LNP siRNA systems requires rapid mixing of solutions containing cationic lipid with solutions containing siRNA. Current formulation procedures employ macroscopic mixing processes to produce systems 70-nm diameter or larger that have variable siRNA encapsulation efficiency, homogeneity, and reproducibility. Here, we show that microfluidic mixing techniques, which permit millisecond mixing at the nanoliter scale, can reproducibly generate limit size LNP siRNA systems 20 nm and larger with essentially complete encapsulation of siRNA over a wide range of conditions with polydispersity indexes as low as 0.02. Optimized LNP siRNA systems produced by microfluidic mixing achieved 50% target gene silencing in hepatocytes at a dose level of 10 µg/kg siRNA in mice. We anticipate that microfluidic mixing, a precisely controlled and readily scalable technique, will become the preferred method for formulation of LNP siRNA delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan M Belliveau
- 1] Precision Nanosystems, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada [2] Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Ujwal R, Bowie JU. Crystallizing membrane proteins using lipidic bicelles. Methods 2011; 55:337-41. [PMID: 21982781 PMCID: PMC3264687 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2011.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2011] [Revised: 09/19/2011] [Accepted: 09/21/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Crystallization of membrane proteins remains a significant challenge. For proteins resistant to the traditional approach of directly crystallizing from detergents, lipidic phase crystallization can be a powerful tool. Bicelles are an excellent medium for crystallizing membrane proteins in a lipidic environment. They can be described as bilayer discs formed by the mixture of a long-chain phospholipid and an amphiphile in an aqueous medium. Membrane proteins can be readily reconstituted into bicelles, where they are maintained in a native-like bilayer environment. Importantly, membrane proteins have been shown to be fully functional in bicelles under physiological conditions. Protein-bicelle mixtures can be manipulated with almost the same ease as detergent-solubilized membrane proteins, making bicelles compatible with standard equipment including high-throughput crystallization robots. A number of membrane proteins have now been successfully crystallized using the bicelle method, including bacteriorhodopsin, β2 adrenergic receptor, voltage-dependent anion channel, xanthorhodopsin and rhomboid protease. Because of the success with a variety of membrane proteins and the ease of implementation, bicelles should be a part of every membrane protein crystallographer's arsenal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachna Ujwal
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA-DOE Institute for Genomics and Proteomics, Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095-1570
| | - James U. Bowie
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA-DOE Institute for Genomics and Proteomics, Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095-1570
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15
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Abstract
This minireview focuses on diffusion NMR studies in bicelles. Following a discourse on diffusion fundamentals, and a comparative overview of fluorescence and NMR-based techniques for measuring diffusion, the pulsed field gradient (PFG) NMR diffusion method is introduced, emphasizing its specific advantages and limitations when applied to diffusion measurements in macroscopically oriented lamellar systems such as magnetically aligned bicelles. The utility of PFG NMR diffusion measurements in bicellar model membrane systems for examining lateral diffusion of membrane-bound molecular species is demonstrated, along with certain features of lateral diffusion that such studies illuminate. Further, those aspects of bicelle morphology that have been resolved using PFG NMR diffusion studies of various molecular weight soluble polymeric species are reviewed. The discussion concludes with an outline of future prospects for diffusion NMR studies in bicelles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter M. Macdonald
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Road North, Mississauga, ON L5L 1C6, Canada
| | - Ronald Soong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Road North, Mississauga, ON L5L 1C6, Canada
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Su Z, Niu J, Xiao Y, Ping Q, Sun M, Huang A, You W, Sang X, Yuan D. Effect of octreotide-polyethylene glycol(100) monostearate modification on the pharmacokinetics and cellular uptake of nanostructured lipid carrier loaded with hydroxycamptothecine. Mol Pharm 2011; 8:1641-51. [PMID: 21770405 DOI: 10.1021/mp100463n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
A new conjugate, octreotide-polyethylene glycol(100) monostearate (OPMS), was developed for the enhancement of targeting delivery of hydroxycamptothecine (HCPT) loaded in nanostructured lipid carrier (NLC). 2 × 10(-3) and 5 × 10(-3) mmol of OPMS were respectively used to modify NLC so that the targeted nanocarriers with low and high ligand density were obtained. For comparison, the pegylated NLCs without octreotide were prepared by adding equal molar amounts of polyethylene glycol(100) monostearate (PGMS). The relation between the modification levels and properties of various NLCs were studied in vivo and in vitro. At a high modification level, a slower release rate of HCPT and the more stable nanocarriers was achieved. At the same time, the fixed aqueous layer thickness (FALT) and average surface density of PEG chains (SD(PEG)) was increased, but the distance (D) between two neighboring PEG grafting sites became narrower. The in vivo pharmacokinetic study in healthy rat indicated that the modified NLCs had a longer circulation than NLC (P < 0.05) due to pegylation effect and OPMS modified NLCs had larger MRT and AUC(0-t) than that of PGMS modified NLCs at the same modification level. Furthermore, the florescence microscopy observation also showed the targeting effect of octreotide modification on somatostatin receptors (SSTRs) of tumor cell (SMMC-7721). The uptake of SMMC-7721 was much more than that of normal liver cell (L02) for OPMS modified NLC, and the highest uptake was observed for 5 × 10(-3) mmol of OPMS modified one. No obvious difference was found among the L02 uptake of OPMS modified NLCs and NLC, but their uptake was higher than that of PGMS modified NLCs. All the results indicated that the OPMS highly modified NLCs would improve the effect of antitumor therapy by inhibiting the degradation, evading RES and enhancing the drug uptake of tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhigui Su
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
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17
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Development and characterization of new nanoscaled ultrasound active lipid dispersions as contrast agents. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2010; 77:430-7. [PMID: 21147221 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2010.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2010] [Revised: 11/26/2010] [Accepted: 12/06/2010] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Ultrasound contrast agents are widely used in clinical diagnosis. In recent years, the use of ultrasound contrast agents as therapeutic agents has gained a lot of attention. Of special interest are ultrasound-enhanced gene delivery in various tissues (e.g. cardiac, vascular, skeletal muscle and tumor tissue), ultrasound-enhanced protein delivery (e.g. insulin delivery) and ultrasound-enhanced delivery of small chemicals (e.g. doxorubicin, vancomycin). Commercially available ultrasound contrast agents such as SonoVue® or Optison® are ranged in a size of 2-8 μm. These micronscaled agents show a good ultrasound contrast enhancement and thus they are used for diagnostic imaging. But they are not suitable for targeted drug delivery to tumor tissues or blood clots because for these applications particles smaller than 700 nm are needed. In the present study, we developed new nanoscaled ultrasound contrast agents with a size between 70 and 300 nm. The lipid formulations show excellent contrast intensities using diagnostic ultrasound of about 1.4 MHz. The negatively charged colloidal dispersions are long-time stable under physiological conditions without loss of ultrasound reflectivity. The adjustable supramolecular organization of the carriers depends on the composition and varies from micellar to liposomal structures. The small size and the circulation stability of these systems make them promising for novel diagnostics and controlled drug release applications.
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Soong R, Majonis D, Macdonald PM. Size of bicelle defects probed via diffusion nuclear magnetic resonance of PEG. Biophys J 2009; 97:796-805. [PMID: 19651038 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2009.05.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2008] [Revised: 05/27/2009] [Accepted: 05/28/2009] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Diffusion of various poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) tracers of well-defined molecular weight and narrow polydispersity confined within the aqueous interstices between positively magnetically aligned bicelles was measured using pulsed-field-gradient (1)H nuclear magnetic resonance. The bicelles consisted of mixtures of dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine (DMPC), dimyristoylphosphatidylglycerol (DMPG), and dihexanoylphosphatidylcholine (DHPC) in the molar ratios q = [100 DMPC +5 DMPG]/[DHPC] = 3.5, 4.5, and 5.5, to which Yb(3+) had been added in the ratio 1:75 Yb(3+)/phospholipid. The field gradients were applied such that diffusion was measured in the direction parallel to the normal to the bicelles' planar regions, thereby rendering the experiment sensitive to the ability of PEG to traverse lamellar defects within the bicelles. The pulsed-field-gradient nuclear magnetic resonance diffusive intensity decays were diffusion-time-independent in all cases, with diffusive displacements corresponding to many hundreds of bicellar lamellae. This permitted a description of such diffusive decays in terms of a mean behavior involving a combination of straight obstruction effects common to all PEG, with hindrance to diffusion proportional to the relative size of a given PEG with respect to the size of the lamellar defects. Across the range of PEG molecular weights (200-4600) and bicelle compositions examined, the apparent radial dimension of the lamellar defects decreased from 165 A with q = 3.5 to 125 A with q = 5.5. This is opposite to the trend predicted from static geometric models of either bicelle disks or perforated lamellae. Qualitatively, the observed trend suggests that mobility of the obstructions to diffusion will need to be considered to reconcile these differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald Soong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Binding-site geometry and flexibility in DC-SIGN demonstrated with surface force measurements. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2009; 106:11524-9. [PMID: 19553201 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0901783106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The dendritic cell receptor DC-SIGN mediates pathogen recognition by binding to glycans characteristic of pathogen surfaces, including those found on HIV. Clustering of carbohydrate-binding sites in the receptor tetramer is believed to be critical for targeting of pathogen glycans, but the arrangement of these sites remains poorly understood. Surface force measurements between apposed lipid bilayers displaying the extracellular domain of DC-SIGN and a neoglycolipid bearing an oligosaccharide ligand provide evidence that the receptor is in an extended conformation and that glycan docking is associated with a conformational change that repositions the carbohydrate-recognition domains during ligand binding. The results further show that the lateral mobility of membrane-bound ligands enhances the engagement of multiple carbohydrate-recognition domains in the receptor oligomer with appropriately spaced ligands. These studies highlight differences between pathogen targeting by DC-SIGN and receptors in which binding sites at fixed spacing bind to simple molecular patterns.
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Leal C, Rögnvaldsson S, Fossheim S, Nilssen EA, Topgaard D. Dynamic and structural aspects of PEGylated liposomes monitored by NMR. J Colloid Interface Sci 2008; 325:485-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2008.05.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2008] [Revised: 05/23/2008] [Accepted: 05/24/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Lüdtke K, Jordan R, Furr N, Garg S, Forsythe K, Naumann CA. Two-dimensional center-of-mass diffusion of lipid-tethered poly(2-methyl-2-oxazoline) at the air-water interface studied at the single molecule level. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2008; 24:5580-5584. [PMID: 18393536 DOI: 10.1021/la8001493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The two-dimensional (2D) center-of-mass diffusion, D, of end-tethered poly(2-methyl-2-oxazoline) (PMOx) lipopolymer chains was studied in a Langmuir monolayer at the air-water interface using wide-field single molecule fluorescence microscopy. In this case, tethering and stabilization of hydrophilic PMOx chains at the air-water interface is accomplished via end-tethering to lipid molecules forming a hydrophobic anchor. To explore the influence of molecular weight, M n, and surface concentration, c s, on lateral mobility, two different PMOx chain lengths of n = 30 and 50 ( n, number of monomer units) were analyzed over a wide range of c s. Using multiparticle tracking analysis of TRITC-labeled PMOx lipopolymers, we found two regimes of lipopolymer lateral mobility. At low c s, D is independent of surface concentration but increases with decreasing n. Here diffusion properties are well described by the Rouse model. In contrast, at more elevated c s, the data do not follow Rouse scaling but are in good agreement with a free area-area model of diffusion. The current study provides for the first time experimental insight into the 2D center-of-mass diffusion of end-tethered polymers at the air-water interface. The obtained results will be of importance for the understanding of diffusion processes in polymer-tethered phospholipid bilayers mimicking biomembranes at low and high tethering concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Lüdtke
- Department Chemie, Technische Universität München, Garching, Germany
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