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Wang X, van Westen GJP, Heitman LH, IJzerman AP. G protein-coupled receptors expressed and studied in yeast. The adenosine receptor as a prime example. Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 187:114370. [PMID: 33338473 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.114370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are the largest class of membrane proteins with around 800 members in the human genome/proteome. Extracellular signals such as hormones and neurotransmitters regulate various biological processes via GPCRs, with GPCRs being the bodily target of 30-40% of current drugs on the market. Complete identification and understanding of GPCR functionality will provide opportunities for novel drug discovery. Yeast expresses three different endogenous GPCRs regulating pheromone and sugar sensing, with the pheromone pathway offering perspectives for the characterization of heterologous GPCR signaling. Moreover, yeast offers a ''null" background for studies on mammalian GPCRs, including GPCR activation and signaling, ligand identification, and characterization of disease-related mutations. This review focuses on modifications of the yeast pheromone signaling pathway for functional GPCR studies, and on opportunities and usage of the yeast system as a platform for human GPCR studies. Finally, this review discusses in some further detail studies of adenosine receptors heterologously expressed in yeast, and what Geoff Burnstock thought of this approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuesong Wang
- Drug Discovery and Safety, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Gerard J P van Westen
- Drug Discovery and Safety, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Laura H Heitman
- Drug Discovery and Safety, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands; Oncode Institute, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Adriaan P IJzerman
- Drug Discovery and Safety, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
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2
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State of the art of Smo antagonists for cancer therapy: advances in the target receptor and new ligand structures. Future Med Chem 2019; 11:617-638. [PMID: 30912670 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2018-0497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the Hedgehog signaling pathway has been associated with cancer, it has emerged as a therapeutic target for cancer therapy. The main target among the key Hedgehog proteins is the GPCR-like Smo receptor. Therefore, some Smo antagonists that have entered clinical trials, including the US FDA-approved drugs vismodegib and sonidegib, to treat basal cell carcinoma and medulloblastoma. However, early resistance of these drugs has spawned the need to understand the molecular bases of this phenomena. We therefore reviewed details about Smo receptor structures and the best Smo antagonist chemical structures. In addition, we discussed strategies that should be considered to develop new, safer generations of Smo antagonists that avoid current clinical limitations.
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3
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Liu R, Wong W, IJzerman AP. Human G protein-coupled receptor studies in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Biochem Pharmacol 2016; 114:103-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2016.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Accepted: 02/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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4
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Dahani M, Barret LA, Raynal S, Jungas C, Pernot P, Polidori A, Bonneté F. Use of dynamic light scattering and small-angle X-ray scattering to characterize new surfactants in solution conditions for membrane-protein crystallization. Acta Crystallogr F Struct Biol Commun 2015; 71:838-46. [PMID: 26144228 PMCID: PMC4498704 DOI: 10.1107/s2053230x15009516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2015] [Accepted: 05/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The structural and interactive properties of two novel hemifluorinated surfactants, F2H9-β-M and F4H5-β-M, the syntheses of which were based on the structure and hydrophobicity of the well known dodecyl-β-maltoside (DD-β-M), are described. The shape of their micellar assemblies was characterized by small-angle X-ray scattering and their intermicellar interactions in crystallizing conditions were measured by dynamic light scattering. Such information is essential for surfactant phase-diagram determination and membrane-protein crystallization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Dahani
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron/CBSA, UMR 5247, Avignon University, 33 Rue Louis Pasteur, 84000 Avignon,France
| | - Laurie-Anne Barret
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron/CBSA, UMR 5247, Avignon University, 33 Rue Louis Pasteur, 84000 Avignon,France
- Laboratoire de Bioénergétique Cellulaire/Biologie Végétale et Microbiologie Environnementales, UMR 7265, 13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - Simon Raynal
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron/CBSA, UMR 5247, Avignon University, 33 Rue Louis Pasteur, 84000 Avignon,France
| | - Colette Jungas
- Laboratoire de Bioénergétique Cellulaire/Biologie Végétale et Microbiologie Environnementales, UMR 7265, 13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - Pétra Pernot
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Ange Polidori
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron/CBSA, UMR 5247, Avignon University, 33 Rue Louis Pasteur, 84000 Avignon,France
| | - Françoise Bonneté
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron/CBSA, UMR 5247, Avignon University, 33 Rue Louis Pasteur, 84000 Avignon,France
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5
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G-protein coupled receptor solubilization and purification for biophysical analysis and functional studies, in the total absence of detergent. Biosci Rep 2015; 35:BSR20140171. [PMID: 25720391 PMCID: PMC4400634 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20140171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) constitute the largest class of membrane proteins and are a major drug target. A serious obstacle to studying GPCR structure/function characteristics is the requirement to extract the receptors from their native environment in the plasma membrane, coupled with the inherent instability of GPCRs in the detergents required for their solubilization. In the present study, we report the first solubilization and purification of a functional GPCR [human adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR)], in the total absence of detergent at any stage, by exploiting spontaneous encapsulation by styrene maleic acid (SMA) co-polymer direct from the membrane into a nanoscale SMA lipid particle (SMALP). Furthermore, the A2AR–SMALP, generated from yeast (Pichia pastoris) or mammalian cells, exhibited increased thermostability (∼5°C) compared with detergent [DDM (n-dodecyl-β-D-maltopyranoside)]-solubilized A2AR controls. The A2AR–SMALP was also stable when stored for prolonged periods at 4°C and was resistant to multiple freeze-thaw cycles, in marked contrast with the detergent-solubilized receptor. These properties establish the potential for using GPCR–SMALP in receptor-based drug discovery assays. Moreover, in contrast with nanodiscs stabilized by scaffold proteins, the non-proteinaceous nature of the SMA polymer allowed unobscured biophysical characterization of the embedded receptor. Consequently, CD spectroscopy was used to relate changes in secondary structure to loss of ligand binding ([3H]ZM241385) capability. SMALP-solubilization of GPCRs, retaining the annular lipid environment, will enable a wide range of therapeutic targets to be prepared in native-like state to aid drug discovery and understanding of GPCR molecular mechanisms. It is universally acknowledged that exposing cell-surface receptors to detergent is detrimental. We have used a polymer to extract the receptor and surrounding lipid as a nanoparticle that provides a novel solution compatible with purification and receptor-based drug discovery assays.
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6
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Loll PJ. Membrane proteins, detergents and crystals: what is the state of the art? ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION F-STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY COMMUNICATIONS 2014; 70:1576-83. [PMID: 25484203 DOI: 10.1107/s2053230x14025035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2014] [Accepted: 11/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
At the time when the first membrane-protein crystal structure was determined, crystallization of these molecules was widely perceived as extremely arduous. Today, that perception has changed drastically, and the process is regarded as routine (or nearly so). On the occasion of the International Year of Crystallography 2014, this review presents a snapshot of the current state of the art, with an emphasis on the role of detergents in this process. A survey of membrane-protein crystal structures published since 2012 reveals that the direct crystallization of protein-detergent complexes remains the dominant methodology; in addition, lipidic mesophases have proven immensely useful, particularly in specific niches, and bicelles, while perhaps undervalued, have provided important contributions as well. Evolving trends include the addition of lipids to protein-detergent complexes and the gradual incorporation of new detergents into the standard repertoire. Stability has emerged as a critical parameter controlling how a membrane protein behaves in the presence of detergent, and efforts to enhance stability are discussed. Finally, although discovery-based screening approaches continue to dwarf mechanistic efforts to unravel crystallization, recent technical advances offer hope that future experiments might incorporate the rational manipulation of crystallization behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick J Loll
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Drexel University College of Medicine, 245 North 15th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19102, USA
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7
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Abstract
The Smoothened (Smo) receptor is a major component involved in signal transduction of the Hedgehog (Hh) morphogens both during embryogenesis and in the adult. Smo antagonists represent a promi-sing alternative for the treatment of cancers linked to abnormal Hh signalling. The crystal structure of the human Smo receptor bound to an antitumour agent demonstrates that this receptor belongs to the superfamily of G-protein coupled receptors. The antagonist binds to a pocket localized at the extracellular side formed by the seven transmembrane domains and the complex arrangement of the unusually long extracellular loops. The structure of the Smo receptor will promote the development of small molecules interacting with a key therapeutic target with interests in regenerative medicine and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martial Ruat
- CNRS, Institut de neurobiologie Alfred Fessard, laboratoire de neurobiologie et du développement, UPR 3294, équipe transduction du signal et neuropharmacologie développementale, bâtiment 33, 1, avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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Breyton C, Flayhan A, Gabel F, Lethier M, Durand G, Boulanger P, Chami M, Ebel C. Assessing the conformational changes of pb5, the receptor-binding protein of phage T5, upon binding to its Escherichia coli receptor FhuA. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:30763-30772. [PMID: 24014030 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.501536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Within tailed bacteriophages, interaction of the receptor-binding protein (RBP) with the target cell triggers viral DNA ejection into the host cytoplasm. In the case of phage T5, the RBP pb5 and the receptor FhuA, an outer membrane protein of Escherichia coli, have been identified. Here, we use small angle neutron scattering and electron microscopy to investigate the FhuA-pb5 complex. Specific deuteration of one of the partners allows the complete masking in small angle neutron scattering of the surfactant and unlabeled proteins when the complex is solubilized in the fluorinated surfactant F6-DigluM. Thus, individual structures within a membrane protein complex can be described. The solution structure of FhuA agrees with its crystal structure; that of pb5 shows an elongated shape. Neither displays significant conformational changes upon interaction. The mechanism of signal transduction within phage T5 thus appears different from that of phages binding cell wall saccharides, for which structural information is available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cécile Breyton
- From the Université Grenoble Alpes, Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), F-38027 Grenoble, France,; CNRS, UMR5075, IBS, F-38027 Grenoble, France,; the Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, DSV, IBS, F-38027 Grenoble, France,.
| | - Ali Flayhan
- From the Université Grenoble Alpes, Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), F-38027 Grenoble, France,; CNRS, UMR5075, IBS, F-38027 Grenoble, France,; the Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, DSV, IBS, F-38027 Grenoble, France
| | - Frank Gabel
- From the Université Grenoble Alpes, Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), F-38027 Grenoble, France,; CNRS, UMR5075, IBS, F-38027 Grenoble, France,; the Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, DSV, IBS, F-38027 Grenoble, France
| | - Mathilde Lethier
- From the Université Grenoble Alpes, Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), F-38027 Grenoble, France,; CNRS, UMR5075, IBS, F-38027 Grenoble, France,; the Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, DSV, IBS, F-38027 Grenoble, France
| | - Grégory Durand
- the Université d'Avignon, Equipe Chimie Bioorganique et Systèmes Amphiphiles, F-84029 Avignon, France,; the Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, UMR 5247, F-34093 Montpellier, France
| | - Pascale Boulanger
- the Institut de Biochimie et de Biophysique Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Université Paris-Sud, UMR CNRS 8619, F-91405 Orsay, France, and
| | - Mohamed Chami
- the Center for Cellular Imaging and NanoAnalytics, Biozentrum, University Basel, CH-4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christine Ebel
- From the Université Grenoble Alpes, Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), F-38027 Grenoble, France,; CNRS, UMR5075, IBS, F-38027 Grenoble, France,; the Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, DSV, IBS, F-38027 Grenoble, France
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9
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Barret LA, Barrot-Ivolot C, Raynal S, Jungas C, Polidori A, Bonneté F. Influence of Hydrophobic Micelle Structure on Crystallization of the Photosynthetic RC-LH1-PufX Complex from Rhodobacter blasticus. J Phys Chem B 2013; 117:8770-81. [DOI: 10.1021/jp403483q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laurie-Anne Barret
- Institut des Biomolécules
Max Mousseron (IBMM) UMR 5247 CNRS-Universités Montpellier
1 et 2, Chimie Bioorganique et Systèmes Amphiphiles, Université d’Avignon et des Pays de Vaucluse, 33 rue Louis Pasteur, F-84000 Avignon, France
- CEA DSV IBEB Lab Bioenerget Cellulaire, CNRS UMR Biol Veget & Microbiol Environ, Aix-Marseille Université, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, F-13108, France
| | - Cherone Barrot-Ivolot
- Institut des Biomolécules
Max Mousseron (IBMM) UMR 5247 CNRS-Universités Montpellier
1 et 2, Chimie Bioorganique et Systèmes Amphiphiles, Université d’Avignon et des Pays de Vaucluse, 33 rue Louis Pasteur, F-84000 Avignon, France
| | - Simon Raynal
- Institut des Biomolécules
Max Mousseron (IBMM) UMR 5247 CNRS-Universités Montpellier
1 et 2, Chimie Bioorganique et Systèmes Amphiphiles, Université d’Avignon et des Pays de Vaucluse, 33 rue Louis Pasteur, F-84000 Avignon, France
| | - Colette Jungas
- CEA DSV IBEB Lab Bioenerget Cellulaire, CNRS UMR Biol Veget & Microbiol Environ, Aix-Marseille Université, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, F-13108, France
| | - Ange Polidori
- Institut des Biomolécules
Max Mousseron (IBMM) UMR 5247 CNRS-Universités Montpellier
1 et 2, Chimie Bioorganique et Systèmes Amphiphiles, Université d’Avignon et des Pays de Vaucluse, 33 rue Louis Pasteur, F-84000 Avignon, France
| | - Françoise Bonneté
- Institut des Biomolécules
Max Mousseron (IBMM) UMR 5247 CNRS-Universités Montpellier
1 et 2, Chimie Bioorganique et Systèmes Amphiphiles, Université d’Avignon et des Pays de Vaucluse, 33 rue Louis Pasteur, F-84000 Avignon, France
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10
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Shi S, Deng YZ, Zhao JS, Ji XD, Shi J, Feng YX, Li G, Li JJ, Zhu D, Koeffler HP, Zhao Y, Xie D. RACK1 promotes non-small-cell lung cancer tumorigenicity through activating sonic hedgehog signaling pathway. J Biol Chem 2012; 287:7845-58. [PMID: 22262830 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.315416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a deadly disease due to lack of effective diagnosis biomarker and therapeutic target. Much effort has been made in defining gene defects in NSCLC, but its full molecular pathogenesis remains unexplored. Here, we found RACK1 (receptor of activated kinase 1) was elevated in most NSCLC, and its expression level correlated with key pathological characteristics including tumor differentiation, stage, and metastasis. In addition, RACK1 activated sonic hedgehog signaling pathway by interacting with and activating Smoothened to mediate Gli1-dependent transcription in NSCLC cells. And silencing RACK1 dramatically inhibited in vivo tumor growth and metastasis by blocking the sonic hedgehog signaling pathway. These results suggest that RACK1 represents a new promising diagnosis biomarker and therapeutic target for NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Shi
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
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11
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Production of UCP1 a membrane protein from the inner mitochondrial membrane using the cell free expression system in the presence of a fluorinated surfactant. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2011; 1818:798-805. [PMID: 22226924 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2011.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2011] [Revised: 12/07/2011] [Accepted: 12/19/2011] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Structural studies of membrane protein are still challenging due to several severe bottlenecks, the first being the overproduction of well-folded proteins. Several expression systems are often explored in parallel to fulfil this task, or alternately prokaryotic analogues are considered. Although, mitochondrial carriers play key roles in several metabolic pathways, only the structure of the ADP/ATP carrier purified from bovine heart mitochondria was determined so far. More generally, characterisations at the molecular level are restricted to ADP/ATP carrier or the uncoupling protein UCP1, another member of the mitochondrial carrier family, which is abundant in brown adipose tissues. Indeed, mitochondrial carriers have no prokaryotic homologues and very few efficient expression systems were described so far for these proteins. We succeeded in producing UCP1 using a cell free expression system based on E. coli extracts, in quantities that are compatible with structural approaches. The protein was synthesised in the presence of a fluorinated surfactant, which maintains the protein in a soluble form. Further biochemical and biophysical analysis such as size exclusion chromatography, circular dichroism and thermal stability, of the purified protein showed that the protein is non-aggregated, monodisperse and well-folded.
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12
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Bidet M, Joubert O, Lacombe B, Ciantar M, Nehmé R, Mollat P, Brétillon L, Faure H, Bittman R, Ruat M, Mus-Veteau I. The hedgehog receptor patched is involved in cholesterol transport. PLoS One 2011; 6:e23834. [PMID: 21931618 PMCID: PMC3169562 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0023834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2011] [Accepted: 07/26/2011] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Sonic hedgehog (Shh) signaling plays a crucial role in growth and patterning during embryonic development, and also in stem cell maintenance and tissue regeneration in adults. Aberrant Shh pathway activation is involved in the development of many tumors, and one of the most affected Shh signaling steps found in these tumors is the regulation of the signaling receptor Smoothened by the Shh receptor Patched. In the present work, we investigated Patched activity and the mechanism by which Patched inhibits Smoothened. Methodology/Principal Findings Using the well-known Shh-responding cell line of mouse fibroblasts NIH 3T3, we first observed that enhancement of the intracellular cholesterol concentration induces Smoothened enrichment in the plasma membrane, which is a crucial step for the signaling activation. We found that binding of Shh protein to its receptor Patched, which involves Patched internalization, increases the intracellular concentration of cholesterol and decreases the efflux of a fluorescent cholesterol derivative (BODIPY-cholesterol) from these cells. Treatment of fibroblasts with cyclopamine, an antagonist of Shh signaling, inhibits Patched expression and reduces BODIPY-cholesterol efflux, while treatment with the Shh pathway agonist SAG enhances Patched protein expression and BODIPY-cholesterol efflux. We also show that over-expression of human Patched in the yeast S. cerevisiae results in a significant boost of BODIPY-cholesterol efflux. Furthermore, we demonstrate that purified Patched binds to cholesterol, and that the interaction of Shh with Patched inhibits the binding of Patched to cholesterol. Conclusion/Significance Our results suggest that Patched may contribute to cholesterol efflux from cells, and to modulation of the intracellular cholesterol concentration. This activity is likely responsible for the inhibition of the enrichment of Smoothened in the plasma membrane, which is an important step in Shh pathway activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel Bidet
- Université de Nice - Sophia Antipolis, CNRS-UMR 6543, Institute of Developmental Biology and Cancer, Nice, France
| | - Olivier Joubert
- Université de Nice - Sophia Antipolis, CNRS-UMR 6543, Institute of Developmental Biology and Cancer, Nice, France
- Université Henri Poincaré- Nancy 1, EA 3452, Faculté de Pharmacie, Nancy, France
| | - Benoit Lacombe
- Université de Nice - Sophia Antipolis, CNRS-UMR 6543, Institute of Developmental Biology and Cancer, Nice, France
| | - Marine Ciantar
- Université de Nice - Sophia Antipolis, CNRS-UMR 6543, Institute of Developmental Biology and Cancer, Nice, France
| | - Rony Nehmé
- Université de Nice - Sophia Antipolis, CNRS-UMR 6543, Institute of Developmental Biology and Cancer, Nice, France
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Medical Research Council (MRC), Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Lionel Brétillon
- Université de Bourgogne, CNRS-INRA, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, Dijon, France
| | - Hélène Faure
- CNRS, UPR-3294, Laboratoire de Neurobiologie et Développement, Institut de Neurobiologie Alfred Fessard IFR2118, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Robert Bittman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Queens College of the City University of New York, Flushing, New York, United States of America
| | - Martial Ruat
- CNRS, UPR-3294, Laboratoire de Neurobiologie et Développement, Institut de Neurobiologie Alfred Fessard IFR2118, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Isabelle Mus-Veteau
- Université de Nice - Sophia Antipolis, CNRS-UMR 6543, Institute of Developmental Biology and Cancer, Nice, France
- * E-mail:
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13
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Hovers J, Potschies M, Polidori A, Pucci B, Raynal S, Bonneté F, Serrano-Vega MJ, Tate CG, Picot D, Pierre Y, Popot JL, Nehmé R, Bidet M, Mus-Veteau I, Busskamp H, Jung KH, Marx A, Timmins PA, Welte W. A class of mild surfactants that keep integral membrane proteins water-soluble for functional studies and crystallization. Mol Membr Biol 2011; 28:171-81. [PMID: 21314479 DOI: 10.3109/09687688.2011.552440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Mixed protein-surfactant micelles are used for in vitro studies and 3D crystallization when solutions of pure, monodisperse integral membrane proteins are required. However, many membrane proteins undergo inactivation when transferred from the biomembrane into micelles of conventional surfactants with alkyl chains as hydrophobic moieties. Here we describe the development of surfactants with rigid, saturated or aromatic hydrocarbon groups as hydrophobic parts. Their stabilizing properties are demonstrated with three different integral membrane proteins. The temperature at which 50% of the binding sites for specific ligands are lost is used as a measure of stability and dodecyl-β-D-maltoside ('C12-b-M') as a reference for conventional surfactants. One surfactant increased the stability of two different G protein-coupled receptors and the human Patched protein receptor by approximately 10°C compared to C12-b-M. Another surfactant yielded the highest stabilization of the human Patched protein receptor compared to C12-b-M (13°C) but was inferior for the G protein-coupled receptors. In addition, one of the surfactants was successfully used to stabilize and crystallize the cytochrome b(6 )f complex from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. The structure was solved to the same resolution as previously reported in C12-b-M.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Hovers
- Fachbereich Biologie, Universität Konstanz, Universitätsstr. 10, 78457 Konstanz, Germany
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14
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Nehmé R, Mus-Veteau I. Proteins of the Hedgehog signaling pathway as therapeutic targets against cancer. Expert Rev Proteomics 2010; 7:601-12. [PMID: 20653513 DOI: 10.1586/epr.10.39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The Hedgehog pathway plays a crucial role in growth and patterning during embryonic development and is involved in stem cell maintenance and proliferation in adult tissues. Mutations that increase the overall activity of the pathway are often associated with a higher incidence of cancers. This article focuses on the mutations, misfoldings and deregulations of the Hedgehog pathway proteins that have been reported to be involved in different tumors, and on small molecules targeting these proteins shown to slow down the growth of certain tumors in various animal models. We propose that proteomics could be a powerful tool to identify new targets of the Hedgehog pathway, enabling the discovery of effective and novel treatments for cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rony Nehmé
- MRC - Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, UK
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15
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Popot JL. Amphipols, Nanodiscs, and Fluorinated Surfactants: Three Nonconventional Approaches to Studying Membrane Proteins in Aqueous Solutions. Annu Rev Biochem 2010; 79:737-75. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev.biochem.052208.114057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 241] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Luc Popot
- Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie Moléculaire des Protéines Membranaires, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7099, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique and Université Paris-7 Denis Diderot, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, F-75005 Paris, France; e-mail:
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