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Nishihara A, Morimoto N, Sumiyoshi T, Yasumoto S, Kondo M, Kono T, Sakai M, Hikima JI. Inhibition of lysozyme lytic activity by Ivy derived from Photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 124:280-288. [PMID: 35421575 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A pseudotuberculosis pathogen, Photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida (Pdp), has caused enormous economic damage to yellowtail aquaculture in Japan. The Ivy gene has been discovered in plasmid of Pdp, and it has been proposed that it may help bacteria evade lysozyme-mediated lysis during interaction with an animal host. However, the lysozyme-inhibiting activity of Pdp-derived Ivy (Ivy-Pdp) is unknown, and it is unclear whether it acts as a virulence factor for host biophylaxis. In this study, the inhibitory effect of Ivy-Pdp on lysozyme was evaluated by expressing and purifying the recombinant Ivy-Pdp protein (rIvy-Pdp). The rIvy-Pdp protein inhibited hen egg white lysozyme activity in an rIvy-Pdp-concentration-dependent manner, and its inhibitory effect was similar under different temperature and pH conditions. The serum and skin mucus of the yellowtail (which is the host species of Pdp), Japanese flounder, and Nile tilapia showed bacteriolytic activity. In contrast, the addition of rIvy-Pdp inhibited the lytic activity in the serum of these fish species. In particular, it significantly inhibited lytic activity in the serum and skin mucus of Nile tilapia. On the basis of these results, we suggest that Ivy-Pdp is a temperature- and pH-stable lysozyme inhibitor. Additionally, Ivy-Pdp inhibited the lytic activity of lysozyme, which is involved in host biophylaxis. In summary, we inferred that Ivy-Pdp is an important factor that diminishes the sterilization ability of C-type lysozyme when Pdp infects the host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aki Nishihara
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Agriculture and Engineering, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, 889-2192, Japan
| | - Natsuki Morimoto
- Department of Biochemistry and Applied Biosciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, 889-2192, Japan
| | - Takechiyo Sumiyoshi
- Department of Biochemistry and Applied Biosciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, 889-2192, Japan
| | - Shinya Yasumoto
- Department of Applied Aquabiology, National Fisheries University, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, Yamaguchi 759-6595, Japan
| | - Masakazu Kondo
- Department of Applied Aquabiology, National Fisheries University, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, Yamaguchi 759-6595, Japan
| | - Tomoya Kono
- Department of Biochemistry and Applied Biosciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, 889-2192, Japan
| | - Masahiro Sakai
- Department of Biochemistry and Applied Biosciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, 889-2192, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichi Hikima
- Department of Biochemistry and Applied Biosciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, 889-2192, Japan.
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Cestero JJ, Castanheira S, Pucciarelli MG, García-Del Portillo F. A Novel Salmonella Periplasmic Protein Controlling Cell Wall Homeostasis and Virulence. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:633701. [PMID: 33679664 PMCID: PMC7933661 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.633701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Horizontal gene transfer has shaped the evolution of Salmonella enterica as pathogen. Some functions acquired by this mechanism include enzymes involved in peptidoglycan (PG) synthesis and remodeling. Here, we report a novel serovar Typhimurium protein that is absent in non-pathogenic bacteria and bears a LprI functional domain, first reported in a Mycobacterium tuberculosis lipoprotein conferring lysozyme resistance. Based on the presence of such domain, we hypothesized a role of this S. Typhimurium protein in PG metabolism. This protein, which we named ScwA for Salmonellacell wall-related regulator-A, controls positively the levels of the murein lytic transglycosylase MltD. In addition, the levels of other enzymes that cleave bonds in the PG lattice were affected in a mutant lacking ScwA, including a soluble lytic tranglycosylase (Slt), the amidase AmiC, and a few endo- and carboxypeptidases (NlpC, PBP4, and AmpH). The scwA gene has lower G+C content than the genomic average (43.1 vs. 52.2%), supporting acquisition by horizontal transfer. ScwA is located in the periplasm, stabilized by two disulfide bridges, produced preferentially in stationary phase and down-regulated following entry of the pathogen into eukaryotic cells. ScwA deficiency, however, results in a hypervirulent phenotype in the murine typhoid model. Based on these findings, we conclude that ScwA may be exploited by S. Typhimurium to ensure cell envelope homeostasis along the infection and to prevent host overt damage. This role could be accomplished by controlling the production or stability of a reduced number of peptidoglycan hydrolases whose activities result in the release of PG fragments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan J Cestero
- Laboratory of Intracellular Bacterial Pathogens, National Centre for Biotechnology (CNB)-CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sónia Castanheira
- Laboratory of Intracellular Bacterial Pathogens, National Centre for Biotechnology (CNB)-CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Graciela Pucciarelli
- Laboratory of Intracellular Bacterial Pathogens, National Centre for Biotechnology (CNB)-CSIC, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Molecular Biology, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Center for Molecular Biology "Severo Ochoa" (CBMSO)-CSIC, Madrid, Spain
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Heesterbeek DAC, Muts RM, van Hensbergen VP, de Saint Aulaire P, Wennekes T, Bardoel BW, van Sorge NM, Rooijakkers SHM. Outer membrane permeabilization by the membrane attack complex sensitizes Gram-negative bacteria to antimicrobial proteins in serum and phagocytes. PLoS Pathog 2021; 17:e1009227. [PMID: 33481964 PMCID: PMC7886145 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1009227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Infections with Gram-negative bacteria form an increasing risk for human health due to antibiotic resistance. Our immune system contains various antimicrobial proteins that can degrade the bacterial cell envelope. However, many of these proteins do not function on Gram-negative bacteria, because the impermeable outer membrane of these bacteria prevents such components from reaching their targets. Here we show that complement-dependent formation of Membrane Attack Complex (MAC) pores permeabilizes this barrier, allowing antimicrobial proteins to cross the outer membrane and exert their antimicrobial function. Specifically, we demonstrate that MAC-dependent outer membrane damage enables human lysozyme to degrade the cell wall of E. coli. Using flow cytometry and confocal microscopy, we show that the combination of MAC pores and lysozyme triggers effective E. coli cell wall degradation in human serum, thereby altering the bacterial cell morphology from rod-shaped to spherical. Completely assembled MAC pores are required to sensitize E. coli to the antimicrobial actions of lysozyme and other immune factors, such as Human Group IIA-secreted Phospholipase A2. Next to these effects in a serum environment, we observed that the MAC also sensitizes E. coli to more efficient degradation and killing inside human neutrophils. Altogether, this study serves as a proof of principle on how different players of the human immune system can work together to degrade the complex cell envelope of Gram-negative bacteria. This knowledge may facilitate the development of new antimicrobials that could stimulate or work synergistically with the immune system. In this paper we identified how different players of the human immune system cooperate to degrade the complex cell envelope of Gram-negative bacteria. The outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria forms an impermeable barrier for various antimicrobial proteins of the immune system. Here we show that complement-dependent Membrane Attack Complex (MAC) formation permeabilizes this barrier, allowing otherwise impermeable antimicrobial proteins to reach their targets underneath the outer membrane. Specifically, we show that outer membrane damage by the MAC allows lysozyme to degrade the peptidoglycan layer, and secreted phospholipase A2-IIA to hydrolyze the bacterial inner membrane. MAC formation also sensitizes Gram-negative bacteria to more efficient degradation and killing inside human neutrophils. Altogether, this knowledge may guide the development of new antimicrobial strategies to treat infections caused by Gram-negative bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dani A. C. Heesterbeek
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Remy M. Muts
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Vincent P. van Hensbergen
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Pieter de Saint Aulaire
- Department of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences and Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Tom Wennekes
- Department of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences and Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Bart W. Bardoel
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Nina M. van Sorge
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Suzan H. M. Rooijakkers
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- * E-mail:
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Torrens G, Escobar-Salom M, Oliver A, Juan C. Activity of mammalian peptidoglycan-targeting immunity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. J Med Microbiol 2020; 69:492-504. [PMID: 32427563 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.001167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most important opportunistic pathogens, whose clinical relevance is not only due to the high morbidity/mortality of the infections caused, but also to its striking capacity for antibiotic resistance development. In the current scenario of a shortage of effective antipseudomonal drugs, it is essential to have thorough knowledge of the pathogen's biology from all sides, so as to find weak points for drug development. Obviously, one of these points could be the peptidoglycan, given its essential role for cell viability. Meanwhile, immune weapons targeting this structure could constitute an excellent model to be taken advantage of in order to design new therapeutic strategies. In this context, this review gathers all the information regarding the activity of mammalian peptidoglycan-targeting innate immunity (namely lysozyme and peptidoglycan recognition proteins), specifically against P. aeruginosa. All the published studies were considered, from both in vitro and in vivo fields, including works that envisage these weapons as options not only to potentiate their innate effects within the host or for use as exogenously administered treatments, but also harnessing their inflammatory and immune regulatory capacity to finally reduce damage in the patient. Altogether, this review has the objective of anticipating and discussing whether these innate immune resources, in combination or not with other drugs attacking certain P. aeruginosa targets leading to its increased sensitization, could be valid therapeutic antipseudomonal allies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Torrens
- Servicio de Microbiología and Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Universitari Son Espases-Institut de Investigació Sanitària Illes Balears (IdISBa), Palma, Spain
| | - Maria Escobar-Salom
- Servicio de Microbiología and Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Universitari Son Espases-Institut de Investigació Sanitària Illes Balears (IdISBa), Palma, Spain
| | - Antonio Oliver
- Servicio de Microbiología and Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Universitari Son Espases-Institut de Investigació Sanitària Illes Balears (IdISBa), Palma, Spain
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Kashanian F, Masoudi MM, Shamloo A, Habibi-Rezaei M, Moosavi-Movahedi AA. Modeling, simulation, and employing dilution-dialysis microfluidic chip (DDMC) for heightening proteins refolding efficiency. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2018; 41:707-714. [PMID: 29470707 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-018-1904-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Miniaturized systems based on the principles of microfluidics are widely used in various fields, such as biochemical and biomedical applications. Systematic design processes are demanded the proper use of these microfluidic devices based on mathematical simulations. Aggregated proteins (e.g., inclusion bodies) in solution with chaotropic agents (such as urea) at high concentration in combination with reducing agents are denatured. Refolding methods to achieve the native proteins from inclusion bodies of recombinant protein relying on denaturant dilution or dialysis approaches for suppressing protein aggregation is very important in the industrial field. In this paper, a modeling approach is introduced and employed that enables a compact and cost-effective method for on-chip refolding process. The innovative aspect of the presented refolding method is incorporation dialysis and dilution. Dilution-dialysis microfluidic chip (DDMC) increases productivity folding of proteins with the gradual reduction of the amount of urea. It has shown the potential of DDMC for performing refolding of protein trials. The principles of the microfluidic device detailed in this paper are to produce protein on the dilution with slow mixing through diffusion of a denatured protein solution and stepwise dialysis of a refolding buffer flowing together and the flow regime is creeping flow. The operation of DDMC was modeled in two dimensions. This system simulated by COMSOL Multiphysics Modeling Software. The simulation results for a microfluidic refolding chip showed that DDMC was deemed to be perfectly suitable for control decreasing urea in the fluid model. The DDMC was validated through an experimental study. According to the results, refolding efficiency of denaturant Hen egg white lysozyme (HEWL) (EC 3.2.1.17) used as a model protein was improved. Regard to the remaining activity test, it was increased from 42.6 in simple dilution to 93.7 using DDMC.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Kashanian
- Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of Disciplinary New Science and Technology, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.,School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - M M Masoudi
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - A Shamloo
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
| | - M Habibi-Rezaei
- School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran. .,Nano-Biomedicine Center of Excellence, Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Research Center, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - A A Moosavi-Movahedi
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.,Center of Excellence in Biothermodynamics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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Synthesis of novel muramic acid derivatives and their interaction with lysozyme: Action of lysozyme revisited. J Colloid Interface Sci 2017; 498:395-404. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2017.03.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Revised: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Kashanian F, Habibi-Rezaei M, Bagherpour AR, Seyedarabi A, Moosavi-Movahedi AA. Magnetic nanoparticles as double-edged swords: concentration-dependent ordering or disordering effects on lysozyme. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra08903a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The study of the interaction of nanoparticles (NPs) with proteins is of great importance due to its relevance in several fields including nano-biosafety, nano-bioscience, nano-biomedicine, and nano-biotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. Kashanian
- Department of Life Science Engineering
- Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies
- University of Tehran
- Tehran
- Iran
| | - M. Habibi-Rezaei
- School of Biology
- College of Science
- University of Tehran
- Tehran
- Iran
| | - A. R. Bagherpour
- School of Biology
- College of Science
- University of Tehran
- Tehran
- Iran
| | - A. Seyedarabi
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics
- University of Tehran
- Tehran
- Iran
| | - A. A. Moosavi-Movahedi
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics
- University of Tehran
- Tehran
- Iran
- Center of Excellence in Biothermodynamics
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Nguyen LT, Vogel HJ. Staphylokinase has distinct modes of interaction with antimicrobial peptides, modulating its plasminogen-activation properties. Sci Rep 2016; 6:31817. [PMID: 27554435 PMCID: PMC4995489 DOI: 10.1038/srep31817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Staphylokinase (Sak) is a plasminogen activator protein that is secreted by many Staphylococcus aureus strains. Sak also offers protection by binding and inhibiting specific antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). Here, we evaluate Sak as a more general interaction partner for AMPs. Studies with melittin, mCRAMP, tritrpticin and bovine lactoferricin indicate that the truncation of the first ten residues of Sak (SakΔN10), which occurs in vivo and uncovers important residues in a bulge region, improves its affinity for AMPs. Melittin and mCRAMP have a lower affinity for SakΔN10, and in docking studies, they bind to the N-terminal segment and bulge region of SakΔN10. By comparison, lactoferricin and tritrpticin form moderately high affinity 1:1 complexes with SakΔN10 and their cationic residues form several electrostatic interactions with the protein's α-helix. Overall, our work identifies two distinct AMP binding surfaces on SakΔN10 whose occupation would lead to either inhibition or promotion of its plasminogen activating properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonard T Nguyen
- Biochemistry Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Hans J Vogel
- Biochemistry Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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