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Petrich A, Chiantia S. Influenza A Virus Infection Alters Lipid Packing and Surface Electrostatic Potential of the Host Plasma Membrane. Viruses 2023; 15:1830. [PMID: 37766238 PMCID: PMC10537794 DOI: 10.3390/v15091830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of influenza A viruses (IAVs) is influenced by several factors, including IAV strain origin and reassortment, tissue tropism and host type. While such factors were mostly investigated in the context of virus entry, fusion and replication, little is known about the viral-induced changes to the host lipid membranes which might be relevant in the context of virion assembly. In this work, we applied several biophysical fluorescence microscope techniques (i.e., Förster energy resonance transfer, generalized polarization imaging and scanning fluorescence correlation spectroscopy) to quantify the effect of infection by two IAV strains of different origin on the plasma membrane (PM) of avian and human cell lines. We found that IAV infection affects the membrane charge of the inner leaflet of the PM. Moreover, we showed that IAV infection impacts lipid-lipid interactions by decreasing membrane fluidity and increasing lipid packing. Because of such alterations, diffusive dynamics of membrane-associated proteins are hindered. Taken together, our results indicate that the infection of avian and human cell lines with IAV strains of different origins had similar effects on the biophysical properties of the PM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Salvatore Chiantia
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24–25, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
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2
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Yang GS, Wagenknecht-Wiesner A, Yin B, Suresh P, London E, Baird BA, Bag N. Lipid-driven interleaflet coupling of plasma membrane order regulates FcεRI signaling in mast cells. Biophys J 2023:S0006-3495(23)00478-2. [PMID: 37533258 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2023.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleaflet coupling-the influence of one leaflet on the properties of the opposing leaflet-is a fundamental plasma membrane organizational principle. This coupling is proposed to participate in maintaining steady-state biophysical properties of the plasma membrane, which in turn regulates some transmembrane signaling processes. A prominent example is antigen (Ag) stimulation of signaling by clustering transmembrane receptors for immunoglobulin E (IgE), FcεRI. This transmembrane signaling depends on the stabilization of ordered regions in the inner leaflet for sorting of intracellular signaling components. The resting inner leaflet has a lipid composition that is generally less ordered than the outer leaflet and that does not spontaneously phase separate in model membranes. We propose that interleaflet coupling can mediate ordering and disordering of the inner leaflet, which is poised in resting cells to reorganize upon stimulation. To test this in live cells, we first established a straightforward approach to evaluate induced changes in membrane order by measuring inner leaflet diffusion of lipid probes by imaging fluorescence correlation spectroscopy, by imaging fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (ImFCS), before and after methyl-α-cyclodexrin (mαCD)-catalyzed exchange of outer leaflet lipids (LEX) with exogenous order- or disorder-promoting phospholipids. We examined the functional impact of LEX by monitoring two Ag-stimulated responses: recruitment of cytoplasmic Syk kinase to the inner leaflet and exocytosis of secretory granules (degranulation). Based on the ImFCS data in resting cells, we observed global increase or decrease of inner leaflet order when outer leaflet is exchanged with order- or disorder-promoting lipids, respectively. We find that the degree of both stimulated Syk recruitment and degranulation correlates positively with LEX-mediated changes of inner leaflet order in resting cells. Overall, our results show that resting-state lipid ordering of the outer leaflet influences the ordering of the inner leaflet, likely via interleaflet coupling. This imposed lipid reorganization modulates transmembrane signaling stimulated by Ag clustering of IgE-FcεRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gil-Suk Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
| | | | - Boyu Yin
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
| | - Pavana Suresh
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
| | - Erwin London
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
| | - Barbara A Baird
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
| | - Nirmalya Bag
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York; Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India.
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3
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Żak A, Rajtar N, Kulig W, Kepczynski M. Miscibility of Phosphatidylcholines in Bilayers: Effect of Acyl Chain Unsaturation. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:411. [PMID: 37103838 PMCID: PMC10146409 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13040411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The miscibility of phospholipids in a hydrated bilayer is an issue of fundamental importance for understanding the organization of biological membranes. Despite research on lipid miscibility, its molecular basis remains poorly understood. In this study, all-atom MD simulations complemented by Langmuir monolayer and DSC experiments have been performed to investigate the molecular organization and properties of lipid bilayers composed of phosphatidylcholines with saturated (palmitoyl, DPPC) and unsaturated (oleoyl, DOPC) acyl chains. The experimental results showed that the DOPC/DPPC bilayers are systems exhibiting a very limited miscibility (strongly positive values of excess free energy of mixing) at temperatures below the DPPC phase transition. The excess free energy of mixing is divided into an entropic component, related to the ordering of the acyl chains, and an enthalpic component, resulting from the mainly electrostatic interactions between the headgroups of lipids. MD simulations showed that the electrostatic interactions for lipid like-pairs are much stronger than that for mixed pairs and temperature has only a slight influence on these interactions. On the contrary, the entropic component increases strongly with increasing temperature, due to the freeing of rotation of acyl chains. Therefore, the miscibility of phospholipids with different saturations of acyl chains is an entropy-driven process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Żak
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Natan Rajtar
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Waldemar Kulig
- Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 64, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mariusz Kepczynski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
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4
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Mardešić I, Boban Z, Subczynski WK, Raguz M. Membrane Models and Experiments Suitable for Studies of the Cholesterol Bilayer Domains. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:320. [PMID: 36984707 PMCID: PMC10057498 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13030320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Cholesterol (Chol) is an essential component of animal cell membranes and is most abundant in plasma membranes (PMs) where its concentration typically ranges from 10 to 30 mol%. However, in red blood cells and Schwann cells, PMs Chol content is as high as 50 mol%, and in the PMs of the eye lens fiber cells, it can reach up to 66 mol%. Being amphiphilic, Chol molecules are easily incorporated into the lipid bilayer where they affect the membrane lateral organization and transmembrane physical properties. In the aqueous phase, Chol cannot form free bilayers by itself. However, pure Chol bilayer domains (CBDs) can form in lipid bilayer membranes with the Chol content exceeding 50 mol%. The range of Chol concentrations surpassing 50 mol% is less frequent in biological membranes and is consequently less investigated. Nevertheless, it is significant for the normal functioning of the eye lens and understanding how Chol plaques form in atherosclerosis. The most commonly used membrane models are unilamellar and multilamellar vesicles (MLVs) and supported lipid bilayers (SLBs). CBDs have been observed directly using confocal microscopy, X-ray reflectometry and saturation recovery electron paramagnetic resonance (SR EPR). Indirect evidence of CBDs has also been reported by using atomic force microscopy (AFM) and fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) experiments. The overall goal of this review is to demonstrate the advantages and limitations of the various membrane models and experimental techniques suitable for the detection and investigation of the lateral organization, function and physical properties of CBDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Mardešić
- Department of Medical Physics and Biophysics, University of Split School of Medicine, 21000 Split, Croatia; (I.M.); (Z.B.)
- Faculty of Science, University of Split, Doctoral Study of Biophysics, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Zvonimir Boban
- Department of Medical Physics and Biophysics, University of Split School of Medicine, 21000 Split, Croatia; (I.M.); (Z.B.)
- Faculty of Science, University of Split, Doctoral Study of Biophysics, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | | | - Marija Raguz
- Department of Medical Physics and Biophysics, University of Split School of Medicine, 21000 Split, Croatia; (I.M.); (Z.B.)
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5
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The ganglioside GM1a functions as a coreceptor/attachment factor for dengue virus during infection. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102570. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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6
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Gupta A, Lu D, Balasubramanian H, Chi Z, Wohland T. Heptanol-mediated phase separation determines phase preference of molecules in live cell membranes. J Lipid Res 2022; 63:100220. [PMID: 35490741 PMCID: PMC9160352 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2022.100220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The localization of many membrane proteins within cholesterol- and sphingolipid-containing microdomains is essential for proper cell signaling and function. These membrane domains, however, are too small and dynamic to be recorded, even with modern super-resolution techniques. Therefore, the association of membrane proteins with these domains can only be detected with biochemical assays that destroy the integrity of cells require pooling of many cells and take a long time to perform. Here, we present a simple membrane fluidizer–induced clustering approach to identify the phase-preference of membrane-associated molecules in individual live cells within 10–15 min. Experiments in phase-separated bilayers and live cells on molecules with known phase preference show that heptanol hyperfluidizes the membrane and stabilizes phase separation. This results in a transition from nanosized to micronsized clusters of associated molecules allowing their identification using routine microscopy techniques. Membrane fluidizer-induced clustering is an inexpensive and easy to implement method that can be conducted at large-scale and allows easy identification of protein partitioning in live cell membranes.
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7
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Wi JH, Heo CH, Gwak H, Jung C, Kim SY. Probing Physical Properties of the Cellular Membrane in Senescent Cells by Fluorescence Imaging. J Phys Chem B 2021; 125:10182-10194. [PMID: 34473497 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c05403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Cellular senescence is the irreversible cell cycle arrest in response to various types of stress. Although the plasma membrane and its composition are significantly affected by cellular senescence, detailed studies on the physical properties of the plasma membrane have shown inconclusive results. In this study, we utilized both ensemble and single-molecule fluorescence imaging to investigate how membrane properties, such as fluidity, hydrophobicity, and ganglioside GM1 level are affected by cellular senescence. The diffusion coefficient of lipid probes, as well as the type of diffusion determined by an exponent α, which is the slope of the log-log plot of mean squared displacement as a function of time lag, were analyzed. We found that the number of molecules with a lower diffusion coefficient increased as cells became senescent. The changes in the population with a lower diffusion coefficient, observed after methyl-β-cyclodextrin treatment, and the increase in ceramide levels, detected using a ceramide-specific antibody, suggest that ceramide-rich lipid rafts were enhanced in senescent cells. Our results emphasize the importance of membrane properties in cellular senescence and might serve as a base for in-depth studies to determine how such domains facilitate the signaling pathway specific to cellular senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hun Wi
- Theragnosis Research Center, Biomedical Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Hwarangno 14-gil 5, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol Ho Heo
- Theragnosis Research Center, Biomedical Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Hwarangno 14-gil 5, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - HyeRan Gwak
- Theragnosis Research Center, Biomedical Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Hwarangno 14-gil 5, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheulhee Jung
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - So Yeon Kim
- Theragnosis Research Center, Biomedical Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Hwarangno 14-gil 5, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea.,Division of Bio-Medical Science and Technology, KIST School, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
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8
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Wang J, He Y, Wu Y, Tang P, Wang Y, Tang Z. Cytomembrane visualization using Stokes parameter confocal microscopy. APPLIED OPTICS 2021; 60:5081-5086. [PMID: 34143073 DOI: 10.1364/ao.420892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A new, to the best of our knowledge, method for Stokes vector imaging is proposed to achieve imaging and dynamic monitoring of a non-labeled cytomembrane. In this work, a polarization state vector is described by a Stokes vector and expressed in chrominance space. A physical quantity called polarization chromaticity value (PCV) corresponding to a Stokes vector is used as the imaging parameter to perform Stokes vector imaging. By using the PCV imaging technique, the Stokes vector can be expressed in three-dimensional real space rather than in a Poincare sphere. Furthermore, a four-way Stokes parameter confocal microscopy system is designed to measure four Stokes parameters simultaneously and obtain micro-imaging. Label-free living onion cell membranes and their plasmolysis process are selected as the representative micro-anisotropy experimental analysis. It is proved that PCV imaging can perform visualization of cytomembranes, and further, microscopic orientation is demonstrated. The prospect of universal measurement of anisotropy details for analysis and diagnosis is provided.
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9
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Hackl S, Ng XW, Lu D, Wohland T, Becker CFW. Cytoskeleton-dependent clustering of membrane-bound prion protein on the cell surface. J Biol Chem 2021; 296:100359. [PMID: 33539927 PMCID: PMC7988330 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Prion diseases are a group of neurodegenerative disorders that infect animals and humans with proteinaceous particles called prions. Prions consist of scrapie prion protein (PrPSc), a misfolded version of the cellular prion protein (PrPC). During disease progression, PrPSc replicates by interacting with PrPC and inducing its conversion to PrPSc. Attachment of PrPC to cellular membranes via a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor is critical for the conversion of PrPC into PrPSc. However, the mechanisms governing PrPC conversion and replication on the membrane remain largely unclear. Here, a site-selectively modified PrP variant equipped with a fluorescent GPI anchor mimic (PrP-GPI) was employed to directly observe PrP at the cellular membrane in neuronal SH-SY5Y cells. PrP-GPI exhibits a cholesterol-dependent membrane accumulation and a cytoskeleton-dependent mobility. More specifically, inhibition of actin polymerization reduced the diffusion of PrP-GPI indicating protein clustering, which resembles the initial step of PrP aggregation and conversion into its pathogenic isoform. An intact actin cytoskeleton might therefore prevent conversion of PrPC into PrPSc and offer new therapeutic angles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Hackl
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Xue Wen Ng
- Departments of Biological Sciences and Chemistry and Centre for Bioimaging Sciences (CBIS), National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore
| | - Danqin Lu
- Departments of Biological Sciences and Chemistry and Centre for Bioimaging Sciences (CBIS), National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore; School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Thorsten Wohland
- Departments of Biological Sciences and Chemistry and Centre for Bioimaging Sciences (CBIS), National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore
| | - Christian F W Becker
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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10
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Cell-penetrating peptides: two faces of the same coin. Biochem J 2020; 477:1363-1366. [PMID: 32322896 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20200006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) are short peptides able to cross the cellular membranes without any interaction with specific receptors. Thanks to their ability to transport various cargo inside the cells are emerged as powerful therapeutic agents alternative to small molecules. In recent years, numerous preclinical studies provided promising results for the treatment of various human diseases. Several CPP-conjugated compounds are under clinical trials.
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11
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Sankaran J, Wohland T. Fluorescence strategies for mapping cell membrane dynamics and structures. APL Bioeng 2020; 4:020901. [PMID: 32478279 PMCID: PMC7228782 DOI: 10.1063/1.5143945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Fluorescence spectroscopy has been a cornerstone of research in membrane dynamics and organization. Technological advances in fluorescence spectroscopy went hand in hand with discovery of various physicochemical properties of membranes at nanometric spatial and microsecond timescales. In this perspective, we discuss the various challenges associated with quantification of physicochemical properties of membranes and how various modes of fluorescence spectroscopy have overcome these challenges to shed light on the structure and organization of membranes. Finally, we discuss newer measurement strategies and data analysis tools to investigate the structure, dynamics, and organization of membranes.
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12
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Gupta A, Phang IY, Wohland T. To Hop or not to Hop: Exceptions in the FCS Diffusion Law. Biophys J 2020; 118:2434-2447. [PMID: 32333863 PMCID: PMC7231916 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2020.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Diffusion obstacles in membranes have not been directly visualized because of fast membrane dynamics and the occurrence of subresolution molecular complexes. To understand the obstacle characteristics, mobility-based methods are often used as an indirect way of assessing the membrane structure. Molecular movement in biological plasma membranes is often characterized by anomalous diffusion, but the exact underlying mechanisms are still elusive. Imaging total internal reflection fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (ITIR-FCS) is a well-established mobility-based method that provides spatially resolved diffusion coefficient maps and is combined with FCS diffusion law analysis to examine subresolution membrane organization. In recent years, although FCS diffusion law analysis has been instrumental in providing new insights into the membrane structure below the optical diffraction limit, there are certain exceptions and anomalies that require further clarification. To this end, we correlate the membrane structural features imaged by atomic force microscopy (AFM) with the dynamics measured using ITIR-FCS. We perform ITIR-FCS measurements on supported lipid bilayers (SLBs) of various lipid compositions to characterize the anomalous diffusion of lipid molecules in distinct obstacle configurations, along with the high-resolution imaging of the membrane structures with AFM. Furthermore, we validate our experimental results by performing simulations on image grids with experimentally determined obstacle configurations. This study demonstrates that FCS diffusion law analysis is a powerful tool to determine membrane heterogeneities implied from dynamics measurements. Our results corroborate the commonly accepted interpretations of imaging FCS diffusion law analysis, and we show that exceptions happen when domains reach the percolation threshold in a biphasic membrane and a network of domains behaves rather like a meshwork, resulting in hop diffusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjali Gupta
- Department of Biological Sciences and NUS Centre for Bio-Imaging Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Inn Yee Phang
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Thorsten Wohland
- Department of Biological Sciences and NUS Centre for Bio-Imaging Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
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13
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Togo S, Sato K, Kawamura R, Kobayashi N, Noiri M, Nakabayashi S, Teramura Y, Yoshikawa HY. Quantitative evaluation of the impact of artificial cell adhesion via DNA hybridization on E-cadherin-mediated cell adhesion. APL Bioeng 2020; 4:016103. [PMID: 32002498 PMCID: PMC6984976 DOI: 10.1063/1.5123749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Programmable cell adhesion with DNA hybridization is a promising approach for fabricating various tissue architectures without sophisticated instrumentation. However, little is known about how this artificial interaction influences the binding of cell adhesion proteins, E-cadherin. In this work, we designed a planar and fluid lipid membrane displaying E-cadherin and/or single-strand DNA with well-defined densities. Visualization of cells on membranes by fluorescence and interference microscopy revealed cell adhesion to be a two-step process: artificial adhesion by DNA hybridization within a few minutes followed by biological adhesion via cadherin-cadherin binding within hours. Furthermore, we discovered that DNA hybridization can substantially facilitate E-cadherin-mediated cell adhesion. The promotive effect is probably due to the enforced binding between E-cadherin molecules in geometrical confinement between two membranes. Our in vitro model of cell adhesion can potentially be used to design functional synthetic molecules that can regulate cell adhesion via cell adhesion proteins for tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shodai Togo
- Department of Chemistry, Saitama University, 338-8570 Saitama, Japan
| | - Ken Sato
- Department of Chemistry, Saitama University, 338-8570 Saitama, Japan
| | | | - Naritaka Kobayashi
- Division of Strategic Research and Development, Saitama University, 338-8570 Saitama, Japan
| | - Makoto Noiri
- Department of Bioengineering, The University of Tokyo, 113-8656 Tokyo, Japan
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14
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Gupta A, Korte T, Herrmann A, Wohland T. Plasma membrane asymmetry of lipid organization: fluorescence lifetime microscopy and correlation spectroscopy analysis. J Lipid Res 2020; 61:252-266. [PMID: 31857388 PMCID: PMC6997606 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.d119000364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A fundamental feature of the eukaryotic cell membrane is the asymmetric arrangement of lipids in its two leaflets. A cell invests significant energy to maintain this asymmetry and uses it to regulate important biological processes, such as apoptosis and vesiculation. The dynamic coupling of the inner or cytoplasmic and outer or exofacial leaflets is a challenging open question in membrane biology. Here, we combined fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) with imaging total internal reflection fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (ITIR-FCS) to differentiate the dynamics and organization of the two leaflets of live mammalian cells. We characterized the biophysical properties of fluorescent analogs of phosphatidylcholine, sphingomyelin, and phosphatidylserine in the plasma membrane of two mammalian cell lines (CHO-K1 and RBL-2H3). Because of their specific transverse membrane distribution, these probes allowed leaflet-specific investigation of the plasma membrane. We compared the results of the two methods having different temporal and spatial resolution. Fluorescence lifetimes of fluorescent lipid analogs were in ranges characteristic for the liquid ordered phase in the outer leaflet and for the liquid disordered phase in the inner leaflet. The observation of a more fluid inner leaflet was supported by free diffusion in the inner leaflet, with high average diffusion coefficients. The liquid ordered phase in the outer leaflet was accompanied by slower diffusion and diffusion with intermittent transient trapping. Our results show that the combination of FLIM and ITIR-FCS with specific fluorescent lipid analogs is a powerful tool for investigating lateral and transbilayer characteristics of plasma membrane in live cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjali Gupta
- Department of Biological Sciences and NUS Centre for Bio-Imaging Sciences National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Thomas Korte
- Institute for Biology/Biophysics, Faculty of Life Sciences, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Herrmann
- Institute for Biology/Biophysics, Faculty of Life Sciences, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thorsten Wohland
- Department of Biological Sciences and NUS Centre for Bio-Imaging Sciences National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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15
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Gupta A, Muralidharan S, Torta F, Wenk MR, Wohland T. Long acyl chain ceramides govern cholesterol and cytoskeleton dependence of membrane outer leaflet dynamics. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2019; 1862:183153. [PMID: 31857071 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2019.183153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The spatiotemporal dynamics of the plasma membrane is a consequence of fine-tuned interactions between membrane components. However, the precise identity of molecular factors that maintain this delicate balance, which is lost even in cell membrane derived mimics, remains elusive. Here, we use two cell lines, CHO-K1 and RBL-2H3, which show differences in outer membrane organization, dynamics, and cytoskeleton coupling, to investigate the underlying factors. To our surprise, knock-down of the cytoskeleton-interacting Immunoglobulin E receptor, which is abundant in RBL-2H3 but not in CHO-K1 cells, is not responsible for lipid confinement or cytoskeleton coupling. A subsequent lipidomic analysis of the two cell membranes revealed differences in total membrane ceramide content (C16 to C24). Analysis of the dynamics and organization of ceramide treated live cell membranes by imaging fluorescence correlation spectroscopy demonstrates that C24 and C16 saturated ceramides uniquely alter membrane dynamics by promoting the formation of cholesterol-independent domains and by elevating the inter-leaflet coupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjali Gupta
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, Singapore; NUS Centre for Bio-Imaging Sciences, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, 117557, Singapore
| | - Sneha Muralidharan
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, Singapore
| | - Federico Torta
- Department of Biochemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, 117543, Singapore
| | - Markus R Wenk
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, Singapore; Department of Biochemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, 117543, Singapore
| | - Thorsten Wohland
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, Singapore; NUS Centre for Bio-Imaging Sciences, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, 117557, Singapore; Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, 117543, Singapore.
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16
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Krmpot AJ, Nikolić SN, Oasa S, Papadopoulos DK, Vitali M, Oura M, Mikuni S, Thyberg P, Tisa S, Kinjo M, Nilsson L, Terenius L, Rigler R, Vukojević V. Functional Fluorescence Microscopy Imaging: Quantitative Scanning-Free Confocal Fluorescence Microscopy for the Characterization of Fast Dynamic Processes in Live Cells. Anal Chem 2019; 91:11129-11137. [PMID: 31364842 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b01813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Functional fluorescence microscopy imaging (fFMI), a time-resolved (21 μs/frame) confocal fluorescence microscopy imaging technique without scanning, is developed for quantitative characterization of fast reaction-transport processes in solution and in live cells. The method is based on massively parallel fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS). Simultaneous excitation of fluorescent molecules in multiple spots in the focal plane is achieved using a diffractive optical element (DOE). Fluorescence from the DOE-generated 1024 illuminated spots is detected in a confocal arrangement by a matching matrix detector comprising 32 × 32 single-photon avalanche photodiodes (SPADs). Software for data acquisition and fast auto- and cross-correlation analysis by parallel signal processing using a graphic processing unit (GPU) allows temporal autocorrelation across all pixels in the image frame in 4 s and cross-correlation between first- and second-order neighbor pixels in 45 s. We present here this quantitative, time-resolved imaging method with single-molecule sensitivity and demonstrate its usefulness for mapping in live cell location-specific differences in the concentration and translational diffusion of molecules in different subcellular compartments. In particular, we show that molecules without a specific biological function, e.g., the enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP), exhibit uniform diffusion. In contrast, molecules that perform specialized biological functions and bind specifically to their molecular targets show location-specific differences in their concentration and diffusion, exemplified here for two transcription factor molecules, the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) before and after nuclear translocation and the Sex combs reduced (Scr) transcription factor in the salivary gland of Drosophila ex vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandar J Krmpot
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience (CNS), Center for Molecular Medicine (CMM) , Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm 17176 , Sweden.,Institute of Physics Belgrade , University of Belgrade , Belgrade 11080 , Serbia
| | - Stanko N Nikolić
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience (CNS), Center for Molecular Medicine (CMM) , Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm 17176 , Sweden.,Institute of Physics Belgrade , University of Belgrade , Belgrade 11080 , Serbia
| | - Sho Oasa
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience (CNS), Center for Molecular Medicine (CMM) , Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm 17176 , Sweden
| | | | | | - Makoto Oura
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Dynamics, Faculty of Advanced Life Science , Hokkaido University , Sapporo , Hokkaido 001-0021 , Japan
| | - Shintaro Mikuni
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Dynamics, Faculty of Advanced Life Science , Hokkaido University , Sapporo , Hokkaido 001-0021 , Japan
| | - Per Thyberg
- Department of Applied Physics , AlbaNova University Center, Royal Institute of Technology , Stockholm 10691 , Sweden
| | - Simone Tisa
- Micro Photon Devices (MPD) , Bolzano 39100 , Italy
| | - Masataka Kinjo
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Dynamics, Faculty of Advanced Life Science , Hokkaido University , Sapporo , Hokkaido 001-0021 , Japan
| | - Lennart Nilsson
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition , Karolinska Institutet , Huddinge 14183 , Sweden
| | - Lars Terenius
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience (CNS), Center for Molecular Medicine (CMM) , Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm 17176 , Sweden
| | - Rudolf Rigler
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience (CNS), Center for Molecular Medicine (CMM) , Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm 17176 , Sweden.,Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics (MBB) , Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm 17177 , Sweden
| | - Vladana Vukojević
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience (CNS), Center for Molecular Medicine (CMM) , Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm 17176 , Sweden
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17
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Wong WC, Juo JY, Lin CH, Liao YH, Cheng CY, Hsieh CL. Characterization of Single-Protein Dynamics in Polymer-Cushioned Lipid Bilayers Derived from Cell Plasma Membranes. J Phys Chem B 2019; 123:6492-6504. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.9b03789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wai Cheng Wong
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences (IAMS), Academia Sinica, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Jz-Yuan Juo
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences (IAMS), Academia Sinica, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsiang Lin
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences (IAMS), Academia Sinica, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hung Liao
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences (IAMS), Academia Sinica, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Ya Cheng
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences (IAMS), Academia Sinica, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Lung Hsieh
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences (IAMS), Academia Sinica, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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18
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Matsudaira PT, Verma CS. Editorial. PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 143:1-4. [PMID: 30951764 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2019.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paul T Matsudaira
- Department of Biological Science, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, 117543, Singapore; Centre for BioImaging Sciences, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, 117543, Singapore; MechanoBiology Institute, National University of Singapore, 5A Engineering Drive 1, 117411, Singapore.
| | - Chandra S Verma
- Department of Biological Science, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, 117543, Singapore; School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Dr, 637551, Singapore; Bioinformatics Institute (A*STAR), 30 Biopolis Street, #07-01 Matrix, 138671, Singapore.
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19
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Gupta A, Sankaran J, Wohland T. Fluorescence correlation spectroscopy: The technique and its applications in soft matter. PHYSICAL SCIENCES REVIEWS 2019. [DOI: 10.1515/psr-2017-0104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) is a well-established single-molecule method used for the quantitative spatiotemporal analysis of dynamic processes in a wide range of samples. It possesses single-molecule sensitivity but provides ensemble averaged molecular parameters such as mobility, concentration, chemical reaction kinetics, photophysical properties and interaction properties. These parameters have been utilized to characterize a variety of soft matter systems. This review provides an overview of the basic principles of various FCS modalities, their instrumentation, data analysis, and the applications of FCS to soft matter systems.
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20
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Interaction of N-terminal peptide analogues of the Na+,K+-ATPase with membranes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2018.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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21
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Ng J, Kamm RD, Wohland T, Kraut RS. Evidence from ITIR-FCS Diffusion Studies that the Amyloid-Beta (Aβ) Peptide Does Not Perturb Plasma Membrane Fluidity in Neuronal Cells. J Mol Biol 2018; 430:3439-3453. [PMID: 29746852 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2018.04.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The amyloid-beta (Aβ) peptide, commonly found in elevated levels in the brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and in the cerebrospinal fluid of individuals presenting mild cognitive impairment, is thought to be one of the major factors resulting in the onset of AD. Although observed and studied at the molecular level for several decades, the exact disease pathology of AD is still not totally clear. One way in which Aβ is thought to affect neurons is by influencing cell membrane fluidity, which could result in abnormal synaptic or signaling function. The effects of Aβ on the fluidity of biological membranes have been studied using numerous membrane models such as artificial lipid bilayers and vesicles, living cells and membranes extracted from animal models of AD, yet there is still no consensus as to what effects Aβ has, if any, on membrane fluidity. As one of the most precise and accurate means of assaying membrane dynamics, we have thus chosen fluorescence correlation spectroscopy to investigate the issue, using fluorescent membrane-targeted probes on living cells treated with Aβ(1-42) oligomers and observing possible changes in membrane diffusion. Effects of Aβ on viability in different cell types varied from no detectable effect to extensive cell death by 72 h post-exposure. However, there was no change in the fluidity of either ordered membrane domains or the bulk membrane in any of these cells within this period. Our conclusion from these results is that perturbation of membrane fluidity is not likely to be a factor in acute Aβ-induced cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Ng
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, S637551, Singapore; Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, BioSyM IRG, 1 Create Way, S138602, Singapore
| | - Roger D Kamm
- Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, BioSyM IRG, 1 Create Way, S138602, Singapore
| | - Thorsten Wohland
- Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, BioSyM IRG, 1 Create Way, S138602, Singapore; Department of Biological Sciences and Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, S117543, Singapore
| | - Rachel S Kraut
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, S637551, Singapore; Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, BioSyM IRG, 1 Create Way, S138602, Singapore.
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22
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Peksel B, Gombos I, Péter M, Vigh L, Tiszlavicz Á, Brameshuber M, Balogh G, Schütz GJ, Horváth I, Vigh L, Török Z. Mild heat induces a distinct "eustress" response in Chinese Hamster Ovary cells but does not induce heat shock protein synthesis. Sci Rep 2017; 7:15643. [PMID: 29142280 PMCID: PMC5688065 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-15821-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The current research on cellular heat stress management focuses on the roles of heat shock proteins (HSPs) and the proteostasis network under severe stress conditions. The mild, fever-type stress and the maintenance of membrane homeostasis are less well understood. Herein, we characterized the acute effect of mild, fever-range heat shock on membrane organization, and HSP synthesis and localization in two mammalian cell lines, to delineate the role of membranes in the sensing and adaptation to heat. A multidisciplinary approach combining ultrasensitive fluorescence microscopy and lipidomics revealed the molecular details of novel cellular “eustress”, when cells adapt to mild heat by maintaining membrane homeostasis, activating lipid remodeling, and redistributing chaperone proteins. Notably, this leads to acquired thermotolerance in the complete absence of the induction of HSPs. At higher temperatures, additional defense mechanisms are activated, including elevated expression of molecular chaperones, contributing to an extended stress memory and acquired thermotolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Begüm Peksel
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, H-6726, Hungary
| | - Imre Gombos
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, H-6726, Hungary
| | - Mária Péter
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, H-6726, Hungary
| | - László Vigh
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, H-6726, Hungary
| | - Ádám Tiszlavicz
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, H-6726, Hungary
| | - Mario Brameshuber
- Institute of Applied Physics - Biophysics, TU Wien, 1040, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gábor Balogh
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, H-6726, Hungary
| | - Gerhard J Schütz
- Institute of Applied Physics - Biophysics, TU Wien, 1040, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ibolya Horváth
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, H-6726, Hungary
| | - László Vigh
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, H-6726, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Török
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, H-6726, Hungary.
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