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Cui Y, Man S, Tao J, Liu Y, Ma L, Guo L, Huang L, Liu C, Gao W. The lipid droplet in cancer: From being a tumor-supporting hallmark to clinical therapy. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2024; 240:e14087. [PMID: 38247395 DOI: 10.1111/apha.14087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Abnormal lipid metabolism, one of the hallmarks in cancer, has gradually emerged as a novel target for cancer treatment. As organelles that store and release excess lipids, lipid droplets (LDs) resemble "gears" and facilitate cancer development in the body. AIM This review discusses the life cycle of LDs, the relationship between abnormal LDs and cancer hallmarks, and the application of LDs in theragnostic and clinical contexts to provide a contemporary understanding of the role of LDs in cancer. METHODS A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed and SPORTDiscus. Retrieve and summarize clinical trials of drugs that target proteins associated with LD formation using the Clinical Trials website. Create a schematic diagram of lipid droplets in the tumor microenvironment using Adobe Illustrator. CONCLUSION As one of the top ten hallmarks of cancer, abnormal lipid metabolism caused by excessive generation of LDs interrelates with other hallmarks. The crosstalk between excessive LDs and intracellular free fatty acids (FFAs) promotes an inflammatory environment that supports tumor growth. Moreover, LDs contribute to cancer metastasis and cell death resistance in vivo. Statins, as HMGCR inhibitors, are promising to be the pioneering commercially available anti-cancer drugs that target LD formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingfang Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Shuli Man
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Jiejing Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Yu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Long Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Lanping Guo
- National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Luqi Huang
- National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Changxiao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Release Technology and Pharmacokinetics, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research Co and Ltd., Tianjin, China
| | - Wenyuan Gao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
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Kaluzhskiy L, Yablokov E, Gnedenko O, Burkatovskii D, Maslov I, Bogorodskiy A, Ershov P, Tsybruk T, Zelepuga E, Rutckova T, Kozlovskaya E, Dmitrenok P, Gilep A, Borshchevskiy V, Strushkevich N, Ivanov A. The effect of membrane composition on the interaction between human CYP51 and its flavonoid inhibitor - luteolin 7,3'-disulfate. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. BIOMEMBRANES 2024; 1866:184286. [PMID: 38272204 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2024.184286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Cytochromes P450 (CYP) are a family of membrane proteins involved in the production of endogenous molecules and the metabolism of xenobiotics. It is well-known that the composition of the membrane can influence the activity and orientation of CYP proteins. However, little is known about how membrane composition affects the ligand binding properties of CYP. In this study, we utilized surface plasmon resonance and fluorescence lifetime analysis to examine the impact of membrane micro-environment composition on the interaction between human microsomal CYP51 (CYP51A1) and its inhibitor, luteolin 7,3'-disulphate (LDS). We observed that membranes containing cholesterol or sphingomyelin exhibited the lowest apparent equilibrium dissociation constant for the CYP51A1-LDS complex. Additionally, the tendency for relation between kinetic parameters of the CYP51A1-LDS complex and membrane viscosity and overall charge was observed. These findings suggest that the specific composition of the membrane, particularly the presence of cholesterol and sphingomyelin, plays a vital role in regulating the interaction between CYP enzymes and their ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonid Kaluzhskiy
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 10 Building 8, Pogodinskaya Street, 119121 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Evgeniy Yablokov
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 10 Building 8, Pogodinskaya Street, 119121 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Oksana Gnedenko
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 10 Building 8, Pogodinskaya Street, 119121 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Dmitrii Burkatovskii
- Research Center for Molecular Mechanisms of Aging and Age-Related Diseases, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia.
| | - Ivan Maslov
- Research Center for Molecular Mechanisms of Aging and Age-Related Diseases, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia.
| | - Andrey Bogorodskiy
- Research Center for Molecular Mechanisms of Aging and Age-Related Diseases, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Pavel Ershov
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 10 Building 8, Pogodinskaya Street, 119121 Moscow, Russia
| | - Tatsiana Tsybruk
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry NASB, 5 Building 2, V.F. Kuprevich Street, 220141 Minsk, Belarus
| | - Elena Zelepuga
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, 159 Prospect 100-letiya Vladivostoka, 690022 Vladivostok, Russia.
| | - Tatyana Rutckova
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, 159 Prospect 100-letiya Vladivostoka, 690022 Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Emma Kozlovskaya
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, 159 Prospect 100-letiya Vladivostoka, 690022 Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Pavel Dmitrenok
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, 159 Prospect 100-letiya Vladivostoka, 690022 Vladivostok, Russia.
| | - Andrei Gilep
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 10 Building 8, Pogodinskaya Street, 119121 Moscow, Russia; Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry NASB, 5 Building 2, V.F. Kuprevich Street, 220141 Minsk, Belarus.
| | - Valentin Borshchevskiy
- Research Center for Molecular Mechanisms of Aging and Age-Related Diseases, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia; Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141980, Russia
| | - Natallia Strushkevich
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Bolshoy Boulevard 30, bld. 1, 121205 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Alexis Ivanov
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 10 Building 8, Pogodinskaya Street, 119121 Moscow, Russia.
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Ramirez JM, Calderon-Zavala AC, Balaram A, Heldwein EE. In vitro reconstitution of herpes simplex virus 1 fusion identifies low pH as a fusion co-trigger. mBio 2023; 14:e0208723. [PMID: 37874146 PMCID: PMC10746285 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.02087-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE HSV-1 causes lifelong, incurable infections and diseases ranging from mucocutaneous lesions to fatal encephalitis. Fusion of viral and host membranes is a critical step in HSV-1 infection of target cells that requires multiple factors on both the viral and host sides. Due to this complexity, many fundamental questions remain unanswered, such as the identity of the viral and host factors that are necessary and sufficient for HSV-1-mediated membrane fusion and the nature of the fusion trigger. Here, we developed a simplified in vitro fusion assay to examine the fusion requirements and identified low pH as a co-trigger for virus-mediated fusion in vitro. We hypothesize that low pH has a critical role in cell entry and, potentially, pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Martin Ramirez
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Graduate Program in Molecular Microbiology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ariana C. Calderon-Zavala
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Graduate Program in Molecular Microbiology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ariane Balaram
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Graduate Program in Molecular Microbiology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ekaterina E. Heldwein
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Graduate Program in Molecular Microbiology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Zaytseva YV, Zaytseva IV, Surovtsev NV. Characterization of conformational states of POPC and DPPC d62 in POPC/DPPC d62/cholesterol mixtures using Raman spectroscopy. Chem Phys Lipids 2023; 256:105337. [PMID: 37579987 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2023.105337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
Conformational states of phospholipid chains in ternary mixtures of 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POPC), deuterated 1,2-dipalmitoyl-d62-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPCd62), and cholesterol (Chol) were studied by Raman spectroscopy. Parameters of Raman peaks sensitive to conformational order have been used to determine chain order for mixtures over a wide range of compositions. A ternary diagram of fractions of phospholipid chains in conformationally ordered and disordered states has been constructed. It was found that the addition of POPC and cholesterol increases the fraction of DPPC chains in disordered conformations. The so-called liquid-ordered phase includes DPPC molecules in both ordered and disordered states in comparable proportions. It was found that POPC chains are partially ordered in mixtures with DPPC and cholesterol, in contrast to the case of 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DOPC). This maybe the underlying reason why ternary mixtures with POPC have different miscibility behavior compared to DOPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu V Zaytseva
- Institute of Automation and Electrometry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
| | - I V Zaytseva
- Institute of Automation and Electrometry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - N V Surovtsev
- Institute of Automation and Electrometry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
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Austin GO, Tomas A. Variation in responses to incretin therapy: Modifiable and non-modifiable factors. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1170181. [PMID: 37091864 PMCID: PMC10119428 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1170181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) and obesity have reached epidemic proportions. Incretin therapy is the second line of treatment for T2D, improving both blood glucose regulation and weight loss. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-stimulated insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) are the incretin hormones that provide the foundations for these drugs. While these therapies have been highly effective for some, the results are variable. Incretin therapies target the class B G protein-coupled receptors GLP-1R and GIPR, expressed mainly in the pancreas and the hypothalamus, while some therapeutical approaches include additional targeting of the related glucagon receptor (GCGR) in the liver. The proper functioning of these receptors is crucial for incretin therapy success and here we review several mechanisms at the cellular and molecular level that influence an individual's response to incretin therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alejandra Tomas
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
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Corey RA, Baaden M, Chavent M. A brief history of visualizing membrane systems in molecular dynamics simulations. FRONTIERS IN BIOINFORMATICS 2023; 3:1149744. [PMID: 37213533 PMCID: PMC10196259 DOI: 10.3389/fbinf.2023.1149744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding lipid dynamics and function, from the level of single, isolated molecules to large assemblies, is more than ever an intensive area of research. The interactions of lipids with other molecules, particularly membrane proteins, are now extensively studied. With advances in the development of force fields for molecular dynamics simulations (MD) and increases in computational resources, the creation of realistic and complex membrane systems is now common. In this perspective, we will review four decades of the history of molecular dynamics simulations applied to membranes and lipids through the prism of molecular graphics.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. A. Corey
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - M. Baaden
- Centre Nationale de la Recherche Scientifique, Laboratoire de Biochimie Théorique, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - M. Chavent
- Institut de Pharmacologie et Biologie Structurale, CNRS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
- *Correspondence: M. Chavent,
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