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Griffin SL, Chekan JR, Lira JM, Robinson AE, Yerkes CN, Siehl DL, Wright TR, Nair SK, Cicchillo RM. Characterization of a Glyphosate-Tolerant Enzyme from Streptomyces svecius: A Distinct Class of 5-Enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate Synthases. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:5096-5104. [PMID: 33826316 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c00439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Natural and modified versions of the 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (epsps) gene have been used to confer tolerance to the broad-spectrum herbicide glyphosate in a variety of commercial crops. The most widely utilized trait was obtained from the Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain CP4 and has been commercialized in several glyphosate-tolerant crops. The EPSPS gene products are enzymes that have been divided into three classes based on sequence similarity, sensitivity to glyphosate, and steady-state catalytic parameters. Herein, we describe the informatics-guided identification and biochemical and structural characterization of a novel EPSPS from Streptomyces sviceus (DGT-28 EPSPS). The data suggest DGT-28 EPSPS and other closely related homologues exemplify a distinct new class (Class IV) of EPSPS enzymes that display intrinsic tolerance to high concentrations of glyphosate (Ki ≥ 5000 μM). We further demonstrate that dgt-28 epsps, when transformed into stable plants, provides robust (≥4× field rates) vegetative/reproductive herbicide tolerance and has utility in weed-control systems comparable to that of commercialized events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha L Griffin
- Corteva Agriscience, 9330 Zionsville Road, Indianapolis, Indiana 46268, United States
| | - Jonathan R Chekan
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina 27412, United States
| | - Justin M Lira
- Corteva Agriscience, 9330 Zionsville Road, Indianapolis, Indiana 46268, United States
| | - Andrew E Robinson
- Corteva Agriscience, 9330 Zionsville Road, Indianapolis, Indiana 46268, United States
| | - Carla N Yerkes
- Corteva Agriscience, 9330 Zionsville Road, Indianapolis, Indiana 46268, United States
| | - Daniel L Siehl
- Corteva Agriscience, 9330 Zionsville Road, Indianapolis, Indiana 46268, United States
| | - Terry R Wright
- Corteva Agriscience, 9330 Zionsville Road, Indianapolis, Indiana 46268, United States
| | - Satish K Nair
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Robert M Cicchillo
- Corteva Agriscience, 9330 Zionsville Road, Indianapolis, Indiana 46268, United States
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Catalytic and structural effects of flexible loop deletion in organophosphorus hydrolase enzyme: A thermostability improvement mechanism. J Biosci 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s12038-020-00026-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Mycobacterium tuberculosis Shikimate Pathway Enzymes as Targets for the Rational Design of Anti-Tuberculosis Drugs. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25061259. [PMID: 32168746 PMCID: PMC7144000 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25061259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Roughly a third of the world’s population is estimated to have latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection, being at risk of developing active tuberculosis (TB) during their lifetime. Given the inefficacy of prophylactic measures and the increase of drug-resistant M. tuberculosis strains, there is a clear and urgent need for the development of new and more efficient chemotherapeutic agents, with selective toxicity, to be implemented on patient treatment. The component enzymes of the shikimate pathway, which is essential in mycobacteria and absent in humans, stand as attractive and potential targets for the development of new drugs to treat TB. This review gives an update on published work on the enzymes of the shikimate pathway and some insight on what can be potentially explored towards selective drug development.
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Timmers LFSM, Neto AMS, Montalvão RW, Basso LA, Santos DS, Norberto de Souza O. EPSP synthase flexibility is determinant to its function: computational molecular dynamics and metadynamics studies. J Mol Model 2017; 23:197. [DOI: 10.1007/s00894-017-3372-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Adem M, Beyene D, Feyissa T. Recent achievements obtained by chloroplast transformation. PLANT METHODS 2017; 13:30. [PMID: 28428810 PMCID: PMC5395794 DOI: 10.1186/s13007-017-0179-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/09/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Chloroplasts play a great role for sustained wellbeing of life on the planet. They have the power and raw materials that can be used as sophisticated biological factories. They are rich in energy as they have lots of pigment-protein complexes capable of collecting sunlight, in sugar produced by photosynthesis and in minerals imported from the plant cell. Chloroplast genome transformation offers multiple advantages over nuclear genome which among others, include: integration of the transgene via homologus recombination that enables to eliminate gene silencing and position effect, higher level of transgene expression resulting into higher accumulations of foreign proteins, and significant reduction in environmental dispersion of the transgene due to maternal inheritance which helps to minimize the major critic of plant genetic engineering. Chloroplast genetic engineering has made fruit full progresses in the development of plants resistance to various stresses, phytoremediation of toxic metals, and production of vaccine antigens, biopharmaceuticals, biofuels, biomaterials and industrial enzymes. Although successful results have been achieved, there are still difficulties impeding full potential exploitation and expansion of chloroplast transformation technology to economical plants. These include, lack of species specific regulatory sequences, problem of selection and shoot regeneration, and massive expression of foreign genes resulting in phenotypic alterations of transplastomic plants. The aim of this review is to critically recapitulate the latest development of chloroplast transformation with special focus on the different traits of economic interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhamed Adem
- Department of Microbial, Cellular and Molecular Biology, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box. 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
- Department of Forestry, School of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Madawalabu University, P.O. Box 247, Bale Robe, Oromiya Ethiopia
| | - Dereje Beyene
- Department of Microbial, Cellular and Molecular Biology, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box. 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Tileye Feyissa
- Department of Microbial, Cellular and Molecular Biology, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box. 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
- Institute of Biotechnology, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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Engineering and introduction of de novo disulphide bridges in organophosphorus hydrolase enzyme for thermostability improvement. J Biosci 2017; 41:577-588. [PMID: 27966481 DOI: 10.1007/s12038-016-9643-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The organophosphorus hydrolase (OPH) has been used to degrade organophosphorus chemicals, as one of the most frequently used decontamination methods. Under chemical and thermal denaturing conditions, the enzyme has been shown to unfold. To utilize this enzyme in various applications, the thermal stability is of importance. The engineering of de novo disulphide bridges has been explored as a means to increase the thermal stability of enzymes in the rational method of protein engineering. In this study, Disulphide by Design software, homology modelling and molecular dynamics simulations were used to select appropriate amino acid pairs for the introduction of disulphide bridge to improve protein thermostability. The thermostability of the wild-type and three selected mutant enzymes were evaluated by half-life, delta G inactivation (ΔGi) and structural studies (fluorescence and far-UV CD analysis). Data analysis showed that half-life of A204C/T234C and T128C/E153C mutants were increased up to 4 and 24 min, respectively; however, for the G74C/A78C mutant, the half-life was decreased up to 9 min. For the T128C/E124C mutant, both thermal stability and Catalytic efficiency (kcat) were also increased. The half-life and ΔGi results were correlated to the obtained information from structural studies by circular dichroism (CD) spectrometry and extrinsic fluorescence experiments; as rigidity increased in A204C/T2234C and T128C/E153C mutants, half-life and ΔGi also increased. For G74C/A78C mutant, these parameters decreased due to its higher flexibility. The results were submitted a strong evidence for the possibility to improve the thermostability of OPH enzyme by introducing a disulphide bridge after bioinformatics design, even though this design would not be always successful.
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Evidence regarding the hypothesis that the histidine–histidine contact pairs may affect protein stability. Int J Biol Macromol 2012; 50:1040-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2011.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2011] [Revised: 12/06/2011] [Accepted: 12/13/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Haghani K, Khajeh K, Salmanian AH, Ranjbar B, Bakhtiyari S. Acid-Induced Formation of Molten Globule States in the Wild Type Escherichia coli 5-Enolpyruvylshikimate 3-Phosphate Synthase and its Three Mutated Forms: G96A, A183T and G96A/A183T. Protein J 2011; 30:132-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s10930-011-9308-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Wani SH, Haider N, Kumar H, Singh N. Plant plastid engineering. Curr Genomics 2010; 11:500-12. [PMID: 21532834 PMCID: PMC3048312 DOI: 10.2174/138920210793175912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2010] [Revised: 07/06/2010] [Accepted: 07/26/2010] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic material in plants is distributed into nucleus, plastids and mitochondria. Plastid has a central role of carrying out photosynthesis in plant cells. Plastid transformation is becoming more popular and an alternative to nuclear gene transformation because of various advantages like high protein levels, the feasibility of expressing multiple proteins from polycistronic mRNAs, and gene containment through the lack of pollen transmission. Recently, much progress in plastid engineering has been made. In addition to model plant tobacco, many transplastomic crop plants have been generated which possess higher resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses and molecular pharming. In this mini review, we will discuss the features of the plastid DNA and advantages of plastid transformation. We will also present some examples of transplastomic plants developed so far through plastid engineering, and the various applications of plastid transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shabir H. Wani
- Biotechnology Laboratory, Central Institute of Temperate Horticulture, Rangreth, Srinagar, (J&K), 190 007, India
| | - Nadia Haider
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, AECS, Damascus P. O. Box 6091, Syria
| | - Hitesh Kumar
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141 004, India
| | - N.B. Singh
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, COA, Central Agricultural University, Imphal, Manipur, 795 004, India
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