1
|
Nakasone Y, Murakami H, Tokonami S, Oda T, Terazima M. Time-resolved study on signaling pathway of photoactivated adenylate cyclase and its nonlinear optical response. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:105285. [PMID: 37742920 PMCID: PMC10634658 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Photoactivated adenylate cyclases (PACs) are multidomain BLUF proteins that regulate the cellular levels of cAMP in a light-dependent manner. The signaling route and dynamics of PAC from Oscillatoria acuminata (OaPAC), which consists of a light sensor BLUF domain, an adenylate cyclase domain, and a connector helix (α3-helix), were studied by detecting conformational changes in the protein moiety. Although circular dichroism and small-angle X-ray scattering measurements did not show significant changes upon light illumination, the transient grating method successfully detected light-induced changes in the diffusion coefficient (diffusion-sensitive conformational change (DSCC)) of full-length OaPAC and the BLUF domain with the α3-helix. DSCC of full-length OaPAC was observed only when both protomers in a dimer were photoconverted. This light intensity dependence suggests that OaPAC is a cyclase with a nonlinear light intensity response. The enzymatic activity indeed nonlinearly depends on light intensity, that is, OaPAC is activated under strong light conditions. It was also found that both DSCC and enzymatic activity were suppressed by a mutation in the W90 residue, indicating the importance of the highly conserved Trp in many BLUF domains for the function. Based on these findings, a reaction scheme was proposed together with the reaction dynamics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Nakasone
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroto Murakami
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shunrou Tokonami
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takashi Oda
- Department of Life Science and Research Center for Life Science, College of Science, Rikkyo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahide Terazima
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Łabuz J, Sztatelman O, Hermanowicz P. Molecular insights into the phototropin control of chloroplast movements. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2022; 73:6034-6051. [PMID: 35781490 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erac271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Chloroplast movements are controlled by ultraviolet/blue light through phototropins. In Arabidopsis thaliana, chloroplast accumulation at low light intensities and chloroplast avoidance at high light intensities are observed. These responses are controlled by two homologous photoreceptors, the phototropins phot1 and phot2. Whereas chloroplast accumulation is triggered by both phototropins in a partially redundant manner, sustained chloroplast avoidance is elicited only by phot2. Phot1 is able to trigger only a small, transient chloroplast avoidance, followed by the accumulation phase. The source of this functional difference is not fully understood at either the photoreceptor or the signalling pathway levels. In this article, we review current understanding of phototropin functioning and try to dissect the differences that result in signalling to elicit two distinct chloroplast responses. First, we focus on phototropin structure and photochemical and biochemical activity. Next, we analyse phototropin expression and localization patterns. We also summarize known photoreceptor systems controlling chloroplast movements. Finally, we focus on the role of environmental stimuli in controlling phototropin activity. All these aspects impact the signalling to trigger chloroplast movements and raise outstanding questions about the mechanism involved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Łabuz
- Laboratory of Photobiology, Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa, Kraków, Poland
| | - Olga Sztatelman
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Paweł Hermanowicz
- Laboratory of Photobiology, Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa, Kraków, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Applications of Time-Resolved Thermodynamics for Studies on Protein Reactions. J 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/j5010014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Thermodynamics and kinetics are two important scientific fields when studying chemical reactions. Thermodynamics characterize the nature of the material. Kinetics, mostly based on spectroscopy, have been used to determine reaction schemes and identify intermediate species. They are certainly important fields, but they are almost independent. In this review, our attempts to elucidate protein reaction kinetics and mechanisms by monitoring thermodynamic properties, including diffusion in the time domain, are described. The time resolved measurements are performed mostly using the time resolved transient grating (TG) method. The results demonstrate the usefulness and powerfulness of time resolved studies on protein reactions. The advantages and limitations of this TG method are also discussed.
Collapse
|
4
|
Shibata K, Nakasone Y, Terazima M. Selective Photoinduced Dimerization and Slow Recovery of a BLUF Domain of EB1. J Phys Chem B 2022; 126:1024-1033. [PMID: 35089048 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c10100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The EAL-BLUF fragment from Magnetococcus marinus BldP1 (EB1) light-dependently hydrolyzes c-di-GMP. Herein, the photoreaction of the BLUF domain of EB1 (eBLUF) is studied. It is found for the first time that a monomeric BLUF domain forms a dimer upon illumination and its dark recovery is very slow. The dimer of light- and dark-state protomers (LD-dimer) is much more stable than that of two light-state protomers (LL-dimer), and the dark recovery of the LD-dimer is approximately 20 times slower than that of the LL-dimer, which is suitable for optogenetic tools. The secondary structure of the L-monomer is different from those of the D-monomer and the LD-dimer. The transient grating measurements reveal that this conformational change occurs simultaneously with dimerization. Although the W91A mutant exhibits a spectral red shift, it forms a heterodimer with the L-monomer of wild-type eBLUF with similar stability to the LD-dimer. This suggests that the conformation of the dimerization site of W91A is similar to that of the dark state (dark-mimic mutant); that is, the light-induced structural changes in the chromophore cavity are not transferred to the other part of the protein. The selective photoinduced dimerization of eBLUF is potentially useful to control interprotein interactions between two different effector domains bound to these proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kosei Shibata
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Yusuke Nakasone
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Masahide Terazima
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kim S, Nakasone Y, Takakado A, Yamazaki Y, Kamikubo H, Terazima M. A unique photochromic UV-A sensor protein, Rc-PYP, interacting with the PYP-binding protein. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:17813-17825. [PMID: 34397052 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp02731j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Photoactive yellow protein (PYP) is one of the typical light sensor proteins. Although its photoreaction has been extensively studied, no downstream partner protein has been identified to date. In this study, the intermolecular interaction dynamics observed between PYP from Rhodobacter capsulatus (Rc-PYP) and a possible downstream protein, PYP-binding protein (PBP), were investigated. It was found that UV light induced a long-lived product (pUV*), which interacts with PBP to form a stable hetero-hexamer (Complex-2). The reaction scheme for this interaction was revealed using transient absorption and transient grating methods. Time-resolved diffusion detection showed that a hetero-trimer (Complex-1) is formed transiently, which produced Complex-2 via a second-order reaction. Any other intermediates, including those from pBL, do not interact with PBP. The reaction scheme and kinetics are determined. Interestingly, long-lived Complex-2 dissociates upon excitation with blue light. These results demonstrate that Rc-PYP is a photochromic and new type of UV sensor to sense the relative intensities of UV-A and blue light.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suhyang Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Nakasone Y, Terazima M. A Time-Resolved Diffusion Technique for Detection of the Conformational Changes and Molecular Assembly/Disassembly Processes of Biomolecules. Front Genet 2021; 12:691010. [PMID: 34276791 PMCID: PMC8278059 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.691010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Biological liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) is driven by dynamic and multivalent interactions, which involves conformational changes and intermolecular assembly/disassembly processes of various biomolecules. To understand the molecular mechanisms of LLPS, kinetic measurements of the intra- and intermolecular reactions are essential. In this review, a time-resolved diffusion technique which has a potential to detect molecular events associated with LLPS is presented. This technique can detect changes in protein conformation and intermolecular interaction (oligomer formation, protein-DNA interaction, and protein-lipid interaction) in time domain, which are difficult to obtain by other methods. After the principle and methods for signal analyses are described in detail, studies on photoreactive molecules (intermolecular interaction between light sensor proteins and its target DNA) and a non-photoreactive molecule (binding and folding reaction of α-synuclein upon mixing with SDS micelle) are presented as typical examples of applications of this unique technique.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Nakasone
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masahide Terazima
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Takaramoto S, Nakasone Y, Sadakane K, Maruta S, Terazima M. Time-resolved detection of SDS-induced conformational changes in α-synuclein by a micro-stopped-flow system. RSC Adv 2021; 11:1086-1097. [PMID: 35423687 PMCID: PMC8693425 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra09614h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
An intrinsically disordered protein, α-synuclein (αSyn), binds to negatively charged phospholipid membranes and adopts an α-helical structure. This conformational change is also induced by interaction with sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), which is an anionic surfactant used in previous studies to mimic membrane binding. However, while the structure of the αSyn and SDS complex has been studied widely by various static measurements, the process of structural change from the denatured state to the folded state remains unclear. In this study, the interaction dynamics between αSyn and SDS micelles was investigated using time-resolved measurements with a micro-stopped-flow system, which has been recently developed. In particular, the time-resolved diffusion based on the transient grating technique in combination with a micro-stopped-flow system revealed the gradual change in diffusion triggered by the presence of SDS micelles. This change is induced not only by binding to SDS micelles, but also by an intramolecular conformational change. It was interesting to find that the diffusion coefficient decreased in an intermediate state and then increased to the final state in the binding reaction. We also carried out stopped-flow-kinetic measurements of circular dichroism and intramolecular fluorescence resonance energy transfer, and the D change was assigned to the formation of a compact structure derived from the helix bending on the micelle. Dynamics of conformation changes of α-synuclein induced by the presence of SDS micelles are revealed using time-resolved diffusion, CD, and FRET measurements combined with a micro-stopped flow system.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shunki Takaramoto
- Department of Chemistry
- Graduate School of Science
- Kyoto University
- Kyoto 606-8502
- Japan
| | - Yusuke Nakasone
- Department of Chemistry
- Graduate School of Science
- Kyoto University
- Kyoto 606-8502
- Japan
| | - Kei Sadakane
- Department of Bioinformatics
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Soka University
- Hachioji
- Japan
| | - Shinsaku Maruta
- Department of Bioinformatics
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Soka University
- Hachioji
- Japan
| | - Masahide Terazima
- Department of Chemistry
- Graduate School of Science
- Kyoto University
- Kyoto 606-8502
- Japan
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Kim S, Nakasone Y, Takakado A, Yamazaki Y, Kamikubo H, Terazima M. Wavelength-Dependent Photoreaction of PYP from Rhodobacter capsulatus. Biochemistry 2020; 59:4810-4821. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.0c00821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Suhyang Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Yusuke Nakasone
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Akira Takakado
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Yoichi Yamazaki
- Division of Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Takayama 8916-5, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
| | - Hironari Kamikubo
- Division of Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Takayama 8916-5, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
| | - Masahide Terazima
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Teets FD, Watanabe T, Hahn KM, Kuhlman B. A Computational Protocol for Regulating Protein Binding Reactions with a Light-Sensitive Protein Dimer. J Mol Biol 2019; 432:805-814. [PMID: 31887287 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2019.12.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Light-sensitive proteins can be used to perturb signaling networks in living cells and animals with high spatiotemporal resolution. We recently engineered a protein heterodimer that dissociates when irradiated with blue light and demonstrated that by fusing each half of the dimer to termini of a protein that it is possible to selectively block binding surfaces on the protein when in the dark. On activation with light, the dimer dissociates and exposes the binding surface, allowing the protein to bind its partner. Critical to the success of this system, called Z-lock, is that the linkers connecting the dimer components to the termini are engineered so that the dimer forms over the appropriate binding surface. Here, we develop and test a protocol in the Rosetta molecular modeling program for designing linkers for Z-lock. We show that the protocol can predict the most effective linker sets for three different light-sensitive switches, including a newly designed switch that binds the Rho-family GTPase Cdc42 on stimulation with blue light. This protocol represents a generalized computational approach to placing a wide variety of proteins under optogenetic control with Z-lock.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Frank D Teets
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 120 Mason Farm Road, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States.
| | - Takashi Watanabe
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Klaus M Hahn
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 101 Manning Dr, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA.
| | - Brian Kuhlman
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 120 Mason Farm Road, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 101 Manning Dr, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Hu W, Li Q, Li B, Ma K, Zhang C, Fu X. Optogenetics sheds new light on tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Biomaterials 2019; 227:119546. [PMID: 31655444 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.119546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Optogenetics has demonstrated great potential in the fields of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, from basic research to clinical applications. Spatiotemporal encoding during individual development has been widely identified and is considered a novel strategy for regeneration. A as a noninvasive method with high spatiotemporal resolution, optogenetics are suitable for this strategy. In this review, we discuss roles of dynamic signal coding in cell physiology and embryonic development. Several optogenetic systems are introduced as ideal optogenetic tools, and their features are compared. In addition, potential applications of optogenetics for tissue engineering are discussed, including light-controlled genetic engineering and regulation of signaling pathways. Furthermore, we present how emerging biomaterials and photoelectric technologies have greatly promoted the clinical application of optogenetics and inspired new concepts for optically controlled therapies. Our summation of currently available data conclusively demonstrates that optogenetic tools are a promising method for elucidating and simulating developmental processes, thus providing vast prospects for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhi Hu
- Wound Healing and Cell Biology Laboratory, Institute of Basic Medicine Science, College of Life Science, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, PR China; Key Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regeneration of PLA and Beijing Key Research Laboratory of Skin Injury, Repair and Regeneration, Fourth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 100048, Beijing, PR China
| | - Qiankun Li
- Wound Healing and Cell Biology Laboratory, Institute of Basic Medicine Science, College of Life Science, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, PR China; Key Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regeneration of PLA and Beijing Key Research Laboratory of Skin Injury, Repair and Regeneration, Fourth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 100048, Beijing, PR China
| | - Bingmin Li
- Wound Healing and Cell Biology Laboratory, Institute of Basic Medicine Science, College of Life Science, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, PR China; Key Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regeneration of PLA and Beijing Key Research Laboratory of Skin Injury, Repair and Regeneration, Fourth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 100048, Beijing, PR China
| | - Kui Ma
- Key Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regeneration of PLA and Beijing Key Research Laboratory of Skin Injury, Repair and Regeneration, Fourth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 100048, Beijing, PR China
| | - Cuiping Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regeneration of PLA and Beijing Key Research Laboratory of Skin Injury, Repair and Regeneration, Fourth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 100048, Beijing, PR China.
| | - Xiaobing Fu
- Wound Healing and Cell Biology Laboratory, Institute of Basic Medicine Science, College of Life Science, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, PR China; Key Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regeneration of PLA and Beijing Key Research Laboratory of Skin Injury, Repair and Regeneration, Fourth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 100048, Beijing, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Nakasone Y, Takaramoto S, Terazima M. Time-Resolved Diffusion Detection with Microstopped Flow System. Anal Chem 2019; 91:11987-11993. [PMID: 31442029 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b02897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The transient grating (TG) method is a powerful technique for monitoring the time dependence of the diffusion coefficient during photochemical reactions. However, the applications of this technique have been limited to photochemical reactions. Here, a microstopped flow (μ-SF) system is developed to expand the technique's applicability. The constructed μ-SF system can be used for a solution with a total volume as small as 3 μL, and mixing times for absorption and diffusion measurements were determined to be 400 μs and 100 ms, respectively. To demonstrate this system with the TG method, an acid-induced denaturation of a photosensor protein, phototropin LOV2 domain with a linker, was studied from the viewpoint of the reactivity. This system can be used not only for time-resolved diffusion measurement but also for conventional absorption or fluorescence detection methods. In particular, this system has a great advantage for a target solution in that only a very small amount is needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Nakasone
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science , Kyoto University , Kyoto 606-8502 , Japan
| | - Shunki Takaramoto
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science , Kyoto University , Kyoto 606-8502 , Japan
| | - Masahide Terazima
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science , Kyoto University , Kyoto 606-8502 , Japan
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Takeda K, Terazima M. Dynamics of Conformational Changes in Full-Length Phytochrome from Cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC6803 (Cph1) Monitored by Time-Resolved Translational Diffusion Detection. Biochemistry 2019; 58:2720-2729. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.9b00081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kimitoshi Takeda
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Masahide Terazima
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Nakasone Y, Kikukawa K, Masuda S, Terazima M. Time-Resolved Study of Interprotein Signaling Process of a Blue Light Sensor PapB–PapA Complex. J Phys Chem B 2019; 123:3210-3218. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.9b00196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Nakasone
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Oiwake, Kitashirakawa,
Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Koutaro Kikukawa
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Oiwake, Kitashirakawa,
Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Shinji Masuda
- Center for Biological Resources and Informatics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-5801, Japan
| | - Masahide Terazima
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Oiwake, Kitashirakawa,
Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Takeda K, Terazima M. Photoinduced Orientation Change of the Dimer Structure of the Pr-I State of Cph1Δ2. Biochemistry 2018; 57:5058-5071. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.8b00605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kimitoshi Takeda
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Masahide Terazima
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Nakasone Y, Ohshima M, Okajima K, Tokutomi S, Terazima M. Photoreaction Dynamics of LOV1 and LOV2 of Phototropin from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. J Phys Chem B 2018; 122:1801-1815. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.7b10266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Nakasone
- Department
of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Masumi Ohshima
- Department
of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Koji Okajima
- Graduate
School of Science and Technology, Keio University, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan
| | - Satoru Tokutomi
- Department
of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Masahide Terazima
- Department
of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Takakado A, Nakasone Y, Okajima K, Tokutomi S, Terazima M. Light-Induced Conformational Changes of LOV2-Kinase and the Linker Region in Arabidopsis Phototropin2. J Phys Chem B 2017; 121:4414-4421. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.7b01552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Akira Takakado
- Department
of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Yusuke Nakasone
- Department
of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Koji Okajima
- Department
of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Satoru Tokutomi
- Department
of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Masahide Terazima
- Department
of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Kuroi K, Sato F, Nakasone Y, Zikihara K, Tokutomi S, Terazima M. Time-resolved fluctuation during the photochemical reaction of a photoreceptor protein: phototropin1LOV2-linker. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 18:6228-38. [PMID: 26854261 DOI: 10.1039/c5cp07472j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Although the relationship between structural fluctuations and reactions is important for elucidating reaction mechanisms, experimental data describing such fluctuations of reaction intermediates are sparse. In order to investigate structural fluctuations during a protein reaction, the compressibilities of intermediate species after photoexcitation of a phot1LOV2-linker, which is a typical LOV domain protein with the C-terminal linker including the J-α helix and used recently for optogenetics, were measured in the time-domain by the transient grating and transient lens methods with a high pressure optical cell. The yield of covalent bond formation between the chromophore and a Cys residue (S state formation) relative to that at 0.1 MPa decreased very slightly with increasing pressure. The fraction of the reactive species that yields the T state (linker-unfolded state) decreased almost proportionally with pressure (0.1-200 MPa) to about 65%. Interestingly, the volume change associated with the reaction was much more pressure sensitive. By combining these data, the compressibility changes for the short lived intermediate (S state) and the final product (T state) formation were determined. The compressibility of the S state was found to increase compared with the dark (D) state, and the compressibility decreased during the transition from the S state to the T state. The compressibility change is discussed in terms of cavities inside the protein. By comparing the crystal structures of the phot1LOV2-linker at dark and light states, we concluded that the cavity volumes between the LOV domain and the linker domain increase in the S state, which explains the enhanced compressibility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kunisato Kuroi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
| | - Francielle Sato
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
| | - Yusuke Nakasone
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
| | - Kazunori Zikihara
- Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Satoru Tokutomi
- Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Masahide Terazima
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Kondoh M, Terazima M. Conformational and Intermolecular Interaction Dynamics of Photolyase/Cryptochrome Proteins Monitored by the Time-Resolved Diffusion Technique. Photochem Photobiol 2017; 93:15-25. [DOI: 10.1111/php.12681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masato Kondoh
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences; University of Tsukuba; Tsukuba Ibaraki Japan
| | - Masahide Terazima
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science; Kyoto University; Sakyo-ku, Kyoto Japan
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Choi S, Nakasone Y, Hellingwerf KJ, Terazima M. Photochemical Reactions of the LOV and LOV-Linker Domains of the Blue Light Sensor Protein YtvA. Biochemistry 2016; 55:3107-15. [PMID: 27203230 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.6b00263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
YtvA is a blue light sensor protein composed of an N-terminal LOV (light-oxygen-voltage) domain, a linker helix, and the C-terminal sulfate transporter and anti-σ factor antagonist domain. YtvA is believed to act as a positive regulator for light and salt stress responses by regulating the σB transcription factor. Although its biological function has been studied, the reaction dynamics and molecular mechanism underlying the function are not well understood. To improve our understanding of the signaling mechanism, we studied the reaction of the LOV domain (YLOV, amino acids 26-127), the LOV domain with its N-terminal extension (N-YLOV, amino acids 1-127), the LOV domain with its C-terminal linker helix (YLOV-linker, amino acids 26-147), and the YLOV domain with the N-terminal extension and the C-terminal linker helix (N-YLOV-linker, amino acids 1-147) using the transient grating method. The signals of all constructs showed adduct formation, thermal diffusion, and molecular diffusion. YLOV showed no change in the diffusion coefficient (D), while the other three constructs showed a significant decrease in D within ∼70 μs of photoexcitation. This indicates that conformational changes in both the N- and C-terminal helices of the YLOV domain indeed do occur. The time constant in the YtvA derivatives was much faster than the corresponding dynamics of phototropins. Interestingly, an additional reaction was observed as a volume expansion as well as a slight increase in D only when both helices were included. These findings suggest that although the rearrangement of the N- and C-terminal helices occurs independently on the fast time scale, this change induces an additional conformational change only when both helices are present.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seokwoo Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University , Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yusuke Nakasone
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University , Kyoto, Japan
| | - Klaas J Hellingwerf
- Molecular Microbial Physiology Group, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam , 1090 GE Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Masahide Terazima
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University , Kyoto, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Miyamori T, Nakasone Y, Hitomi K, Christie JM, Getzoff ED, Terazima M. Reaction dynamics of the UV-B photosensor UVR8. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2016; 14:995-1004. [PMID: 25811405 DOI: 10.1039/c5pp00012b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
UVR8 is a recently discovered ultraviolet-B (UV-B) photoreceptor protein identified in plants and algae. In the dark state, UVR8 exists as a homodimer, whereas UV-B irradiation induces UVR8 monomerization and initiation of signaling. Although the biological functions of UVR8 have been studied, the fundamental reaction mechanism and associated kinetics have not yet been fully elucidated. Here, we used the transient grating method to determine the reaction dynamics of UVR8 monomerization based on its diffusion coefficient. We found that the UVR8 photodissociation reaction proceeds in three stages: (i) photoexcitation of cross-dimer tryptophan (Trp) pyramids; (ii) an initial conformational change with a time constant of 50 ms; and (iii) dimer dissociation with a time constant of 200 ms. We identified W285 as the key Trp residue responsible for initiating this photoreaction. Although the C-terminus of UVR8 is essential for biological interactions and signaling via downstream components such as COP1, no obvious differences were detected between the photoreactions of wild-type UVR8 (amino acids 1-440) and a mutant lacking the C-terminus (amino acids 1-383). This similarity indicates that the conformational change associated with stage ii cannot primarily be attributed to this region. A UV-B-driven conformational change with a time constant of 50 ms was also detected in the monomeric mutants of UVR8. Dimer recovery following monomerization, as measured by circular dichroism spectroscopy, was decreased under oxygen-purged conditions, suggesting that redox reactivity is a key factor contributing to the UVR8 oligomeric state.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takaaki Miyamori
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Oiwake, Kitashirakawa, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Łabuz J, Hermanowicz P, Gabryś H. The impact of temperature on blue light induced chloroplast movements in Arabidopsis thaliana. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2015; 239:238-49. [PMID: 26398808 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2015.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2015] [Revised: 07/02/2015] [Accepted: 07/18/2015] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Chloroplast movements in Arabidopsis thaliana are controlled by two blue light photoreceptors, phototropin1 and phototropin2. Under weak blue light chloroplasts gather at cell walls perpendicular to the direction of incident light. This response, called chloroplast accumulation, is redundantly regulated by both phototropins. Under strong blue light chloroplasts move to cell walls parallel to the direction of incident light, this avoidance response being solely dependent on phototropin2. Temperature is an important factor in modulating chloroplast relocations. Here we focus on temperature effects in Arabidopsis leaves. At room temperature, under medium blue light chloroplasts start to move to cell walls parallel to the light direction and undergo a partial avoidance response. In the same conditions, at low temperatures the avoidance response is strongly enhanced-chloroplasts behave as if they were responding to strong light. Higher sensitivity of avoidance response is correlated with changes in gene expression. After cold treatment, in darkness, the expression of phototropin1 is down-regulated, while phototropin2 levels are up-regulated. The motile system of chloroplasts in Arabidopsis is more sensitive to blue light at low temperatures, similar to other species studied before. The physiological role of the cold-enhancement of the avoidance response is explained in the context of phototropin levels, photochemical activities and signaling in the cell.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Łabuz
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Paweł Hermanowicz
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Halina Gabryś
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Krakow, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Nakasone Y, Kawaguchi Y, Kong SG, Wada M, Terazima M. Photoinduced Oligomerization of Arabidopsis thaliana Phototropin 2 LOV1. J Phys Chem B 2014; 118:14314-25. [DOI: 10.1021/jp509448b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Nakasone
- Department
of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Yuki Kawaguchi
- Department
of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Sam-Geun Kong
- Department
of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| | - Masamitsu Wada
- Department
of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| | - Masahide Terazima
- Department
of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Photo-sensitive degron variants for tuning protein stability by light. BMC SYSTEMS BIOLOGY 2014; 8:128. [PMID: 25403319 PMCID: PMC4236813 DOI: 10.1186/s12918-014-0128-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2014] [Accepted: 10/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Regulated proteolysis by the proteasome is one of the fundamental mechanisms used in eukaryotic cells to control cellular behavior. Efficient tools to regulate protein stability offer synthetic influence on molecular level on a selected biological process. Optogenetic control of protein stability has been achieved with the photo-sensitive degron (psd) module. This engineered tool consists of the photoreceptor domain light oxygen voltage 2 (LOV2) from Arabidopsis thaliana phototropin1 fused to a sequence that induces direct proteasomal degradation, which was derived from the carboxy-terminal degron of murine ornithine decarboxylase. The abundance of target proteins tagged with the psd module can be regulated by blue light if the degradation tag is exposed to the cytoplasm or the nucleus. Results We used the model organism Saccharomyces cerevisiae to generate psd module variants with increased and decreased stabilities in darkness or when exposed to blue light using site-specific and random mutagenesis. The variants were characterized as fusions to fluorescent reporter proteins and showed half-lives between 6 and 75 minutes in cells exposed to blue light and 14 to 187 minutes in darkness. In blue light, ten variants showed accelerated degradation and four variants increased stability compared to the original psd module. Measuring the dark/light ratio of selected constructs in yeast cells showed that two variants were obtained with ratios twice as high as in the wild type psd module. In silico modeling of photoreceptor variant characteristics suggested that for most cases alterations in behavior were induced by changes in the light-response of the LOV2 domain. Conclusions In total, the mutational analysis resulted in psd module variants, which provide tuning of protein stability over a broad range by blue light. Two variants showed characteristics that are profoundly improved compared to the original construct. The modular usage of the LOV2 domain in optogenetic tools allows the usage of the mutants in the context of other applications in synthetic and systems biology as well. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12918-014-0128-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
|
24
|
Nakasone Y, Zikihara K, Tokutomi S, Terazima M. Photochemistry of Arabidopsis phototropin 1 LOV1: transient tetramerization. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2014; 12:1171-9. [PMID: 23743549 DOI: 10.1039/c3pp50047k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The photochemical reaction of the LOV1 (light-oxygen-voltage 1) domain of phototropin 1 from Arabidopsis thaliana was investigated by the time-resolved transient grating method. As with other LOV domains, an absorption spectral change associated with an adduct formation between its chromophore (flavin mononucleotide) and a cysteine residue was observed with a time constant of 1.1 μs. After this reaction, a significant diffusion coefficient (D) change (D of the reactant = 8.2 × 10(-11) m(2) s(-1), and D of the photoproduct = 6.4 × 10(-11) m(2) s(-1)) was observed with a time constant of 14 ms at a protein concentration of 270 μM. From the D value of the ground state and the peak position in size exclusion chromatography, we have confirmed that the phot1LOV1 domain exists as a dimer in the dark. The D-value and the concentration dependence of the rate indicated that the phot1LOV1 domain associates to form a tetramer (dimerization of the dimer) upon photoexcitation. We also found that the chromophore is released from the binding pocket of the LOV domain when it absorbs two photons within a pulse duration, which occurs in addition to the normal photocycle reaction. On the basis of these results, we discuss the molecular mechanism of the light dependent role of the phot1LOV1 domain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Nakasone
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Takeda K, Nakasone Y, Zikihara K, Tokutomi S, Terazima M. Dynamics of the amino-terminal and carboxyl-terminal helices of Arabidopsis phototropin 1 LOV2 studied by the transient grating. J Phys Chem B 2013; 117:15606-13. [PMID: 23931584 DOI: 10.1021/jp406109j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Recently, conformational changes of the amino-terminal helix (A'α helix), in addition to the reported conformational changes of the carboxyl-terminal helix (Jα helix), have been proposed to be important for the regulatory function of the light-oxygen-voltage 2 domain (LOV2) of phototropin 1 from Arabidopsis. However, the reaction dynamics of the A'α helix have not been examined. Here, the unfolding reactions of the A'α and Jα helices of the LOV2 domain of phototropin 1 from Arabidopsis thaliana were investigated by the time-resolved transient grating (TG) method. A mutant (T469I mutant) that renders the A'α helix unfolded in the dark state showed unfolding of the Jα helix with a time constant of 1 ms, which is very similar to the time constant reported for the wild-type LOV2-linker sample. Furthermore, a mutant (I608E mutant) that renders the Jα helix unfolded in the dark state exhibited an unfolding process of the A'α helix with a time constant of 12 ms. On the basis of these experimental results, it is suggested that the unfolding reactions of these helices occurs independently.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kimitoshi Takeda
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University , Kitashirakawa, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
A LOV2 Domain-Based Optogenetic Tool to Control Protein Degradation and Cellular Function. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 20:619-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2013.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 197] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2012] [Revised: 02/26/2013] [Accepted: 03/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
27
|
Suetsugu N, Wada M. Evolution of Three LOV Blue Light Receptor Families in Green Plants and Photosynthetic Stramenopiles: Phototropin, ZTL/FKF1/LKP2 and Aureochrome. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 54:8-23. [DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcs165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
|
28
|
Bettati S, Luque FJ, Viappiani C. Protein dynamics: experimental and computational approaches. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 2011; 1814:913-915. [PMID: 21600317 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2011.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Bettati
- Dipartimento di Biochimica e Biologia Molecolare, Università degli Studi di Parma, and Istituto Nazionale di Biostrutture e Biosistemi, Italy.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|