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Akerman M, Fregoso OI, Das S, Ruse C, Jensen MA, Pappin DJ, Zhang MQ, Krainer AR. Differential connectivity of splicing activators and repressors to the human spliceosome. Genome Biol 2015; 16:119. [PMID: 26047612 PMCID: PMC4502471 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-015-0682-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2015] [Accepted: 05/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background During spliceosome assembly, protein-protein interactions (PPI) are sequentially formed and disrupted to accommodate the spatial requirements of pre-mRNA substrate recognition and catalysis. Splicing activators and repressors, such as SR proteins and hnRNPs, modulate spliceosome assembly and regulate alternative splicing. However, it remains unclear how they differentially interact with the core spliceosome to perform their functions. Results Here, we investigate the protein connectivity of SR and hnRNP proteins to the core spliceosome using probabilistic network reconstruction based on the integration of interactome and gene expression data. We validate our model by immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry of the prototypical splicing factors SRSF1 and hnRNPA1. Network analysis reveals that a factor’s properties as an activator or repressor can be predicted from its overall connectivity to the rest of the spliceosome. In addition, we discover and experimentally validate PPIs between the oncoprotein SRSF1 and members of the anti-tumor drug target SF3 complex. Our findings suggest that activators promote the formation of PPIs between spliceosomal sub-complexes, whereas repressors mostly operate through protein-RNA interactions. Conclusions This study demonstrates that combining in-silico modeling with biochemistry can significantly advance the understanding of structure and function relationships in the human spliceosome. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13059-015-0682-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Akerman
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA.,Present address: Envisagenics, Inc, 315 Main St., 2nd floor, Huntington, NY, 11743, USA
| | - Oliver I Fregoso
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA.,Watson School of Biological Sciences, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, 11724, USA.,Present address: Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Division of Human Biology, 1100 Fairview Ave N, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Shipra Das
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA
| | - Cristian Ruse
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA.,Present address: New England Biolabs, 240 County Road, Ipswich, MA, 01938, UK
| | - Mads A Jensen
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA.,Present address: Santaris Pharma A/S, Horsholm, Denmark
| | | | - Michael Q Zhang
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Center for Systems Biology, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, 75080, USA.,Bioinformatics Division, TNLIST, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
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