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Ciordia S, Santos FM, Dias JML, Lamas JR, Paradela A, Alvarez-Sola G, Ávila MA, Corrales F. Refinement of paramagnetic bead-based digestion protocol for automatic sample preparation using an artificial neural network. Talanta 2024; 274:125988. [PMID: 38569368 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.125988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Despite technological advances in the proteomics field, sample preparation still represents the main bottleneck in mass spectrometry (MS) analysis. Bead-based protein aggregation techniques have recently emerged as an efficient, reproducible, and high-throughput alternative for protein extraction and digestion. Here, a refined paramagnetic bead-based digestion protocol is described for Opentrons® OT-2 platform (OT-2) as a versatile, reproducible, and affordable alternative for the automatic sample preparation for MS analysis. For this purpose, an artificial neural network (ANN) was applied to maximize the number of peptides without missed cleavages identified in HeLa extract by combining factors such as the quantity (μg) of trypsin/Lys-C and beads (MagReSyn® Amine), % (w/v) SDS, % (v/v) acetonitrile, and time of digestion (h). ANN model predicted the optimal conditions for the digestion of 50 μg of HeLa extract, pointing to the use of 2.5% (w/v) SDS and 300 μg of beads for sample preparation and long-term digestion (16h) with 0.15 μg Lys-C and 2.5 μg trypsin (≈1:17 ratio). Based on the results of the ANN model, the manual protocol was automated in OT-2. The performance of the automatic protocol was evaluated with different sample types, including human plasma, Arabidopsis thaliana leaves, Escherichia coli cells, and mouse tissue cortex, showing great reproducibility and low sample-to-sample variability in all cases. In addition, we tested the performance of this method in the preparation of a challenging biological fluid such as rat bile, a proximal fluid that is rich in bile salts, bilirubin, cholesterol, and fatty acids, among other MS interferents. Compared to other protocols described in the literature for the extraction and digestion of bile proteins, the method described here allowed identify 385 unique proteins, thus contributing to improving the coverage of the bile proteome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Ciordia
- Functional Proteomics Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, CSIC, Calle Darwin 3, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fátima Milhano Santos
- Functional Proteomics Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, CSIC, Calle Darwin 3, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - João M L Dias
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Early Cancer Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - José Ramón Lamas
- Functional Proteomics Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, CSIC, Calle Darwin 3, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Paradela
- Functional Proteomics Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, CSIC, Calle Darwin 3, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gloria Alvarez-Sola
- Hepatology Laboratory, Solid Tumors Program, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, 31008, Pamplona, Spain; National Institute for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBERehd, Carlos III Health Institute), 28029, Madrid, Spain; IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Matías A Ávila
- Hepatology Laboratory, Solid Tumors Program, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, 31008, Pamplona, Spain; National Institute for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBERehd, Carlos III Health Institute), 28029, Madrid, Spain; IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Fernando Corrales
- Functional Proteomics Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, CSIC, Calle Darwin 3, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain.
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2
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Lee SH, Song SY. Recent Advancement in Diagnosis of Biliary Tract Cancer through Pathological and Molecular Classifications. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1761. [PMID: 38730713 PMCID: PMC11083053 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16091761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Biliary tract cancers (BTCs), including intrahepatic, perihilar, and distal cholangiocarcinomas, as well as gallbladder cancer, are a diverse group of cancers that exhibit unique molecular characteristics in each of their anatomic and pathological subtypes. The pathological classification of BTCs compromises distinct growth patterns, including mass forming, periductal infiltrating, and intraductal growing types, which can be identified through gross examination. The small-duct and large-duct types of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma have been recently introduced into the WHO classification. The presentation of typical clinical symptoms, as well as the extensive utilization of radiological, endoscopic, and molecular diagnostic methods, is thoroughly detailed in the description. To overcome the limitations of traditional tissue acquisition methods, new diagnostic modalities are being explored. The treatment landscape is also rapidly evolving owing to the emergence of distinct subgroups with unique molecular alterations and corresponding targeted therapies. Furthermore, we emphasize the crucial aspects of diagnosing BTC in practical clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Hoon Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul 05030, Republic of Korea;
| | - Si Young Song
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03772, Republic of Korea
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3
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Liu F, Hao X, Liu B, Liu S, Yuan Y. Bile liquid biopsy in biliary tract cancer. Clin Chim Acta 2023; 551:117593. [PMID: 37839517 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2023.117593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Biliary tract cancers are heterogeneous in etiology, morphology and molecular characteristics thus impacting disease management. Diagnosis is complex and prognosis poor. The advent of liquid biopsy has provided a unique approach to more thoroughly understand tumor biology in general and biliary tract cancers specifically. Due to their minimally invasive nature, liquid biopsy can be used to serially monitor disease progression and allow real-time monitoring of tumor genetic profiles as well as therapeutic response. Due to the unique anatomic location of biliary tract cancer, bile provides a promising biologic fluid for this purpose. This review focuses on the composition of bile and the use of these various components, ie, cells, extracellular vesicles, nucleic acids, proteins and metabolites as potential biomarkers. Based on the disease characteristics and research status of biliary tract cancer, considerable effort should be made to increase understanding of this disease, promote research and development into early diagnosis, develop efficient diagnostic, therapeutic and prognostic markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fusheng Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, PR China; Clinical Medicine Research Center for Minimally Invasive Procedure of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, PR China
| | - Xingyuan Hao
- Department of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, PR China; Clinical Medicine Research Center for Minimally Invasive Procedure of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, PR China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, PR China; Clinical Medicine Research Center for Minimally Invasive Procedure of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, PR China
| | - Songmei Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Center for Gene Diagnosis, and Program of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, PR China
| | - Yufeng Yuan
- Department of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, PR China; Clinical Medicine Research Center for Minimally Invasive Procedure of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, PR China; TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, PR China.
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4
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Li YC, Li KS, Liu ZL, Tang YC, Hu XQ, Li XY, Shi AD, Zhao LM, Shu LZ, Lian S, Yan ZD, Huang SH, Sheng GL, Song Y, Liu YJ, Huan F, Zhang MH, Zhang ZL. Research progress of bile biomarkers and their immunoregulatory role in biliary tract cancers. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1049812. [PMID: 36389727 PMCID: PMC9649822 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1049812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Biliary tract cancers (BTCs), including cholangiocarcinoma and gallbladder carcinoma, originate from the biliary epithelium and have a poor prognosis. Surgery is the only choice for cure in the early stage of disease. However, most patients are diagnosed in the advanced stage and lose the chance for surgery. Early diagnosis could significantly improve the prognosis of patients. Bile has complex components and is in direct contact with biliary tract tumors. Bile components are closely related to the occurrence and development of biliary tract tumors and may be applied as biomarkers for BTCs. Meanwhile, arising evidence has confirmed the immunoregulatory role of bile components. In this review, we aim to summarize and discuss the relationship between bile components and biliary tract cancers and their ability as biomarkers for BTCs, highlighting the role of bile components in regulating immune response, and their promising application prospects.
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Bao F, Liu J, Chen H, Miao L, Xu Z, Zhang G. Diagnosis Biomarkers of Cholangiocarcinoma in Human Bile: An Evidence-Based Study. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14163921. [PMID: 36010914 PMCID: PMC9406189 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14163921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary A liquid biopsy has the characteristics of low trauma and easy acquisition in the diagnosis of cholangiocarcinoma. Many researchers try to find diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers of CCA through blood, urine, bile and other body fluids. Due to the close proximity of bile to the lesion and the stable nature, bile gradually comes into people’s view. The evaluation of human bile diagnostic biomarkers is not only to the benefit of screening more suitable clinical markers but also of exploring the pathological changes of the disease. Abstract Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a multifactorial malignant tumor of the biliary tract, and the incidence of CCA is increasing in recent years. At present, the diagnosis of CCA mainly depends on imaging and invasive examination, with limited specificity and sensitivity and late detection. The early diagnosis of CCA always faces the dilemma of lacking specific diagnostic biomarkers. Non-invasive methods to assess the degree of CAA have been developed throughout the last decades. Among the many specimens looking for CCA biomarkers, bile has gotten a lot of attention lately. This paper mainly summarizes the recent developments in the current research on the diagnostic biomarkers for CCA in human bile at the levels of the gene, protein, metabolite, extracellular vesicles and volatile organic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Bao
- Institute of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, No. 9, South Road of Lvshun, Dalian 116044, China
- Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic-Biliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, No. 222, Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116011, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Jiayue Liu
- Institute of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, No. 9, South Road of Lvshun, Dalian 116044, China
- Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic-Biliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, No. 222, Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116011, China
| | - Haiyang Chen
- Institute of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, No. 9, South Road of Lvshun, Dalian 116044, China
- Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic-Biliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, No. 222, Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116011, China
| | - Lu Miao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Zhaochao Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
- Correspondence: (Z.X.); (G.Z.)
| | - Guixin Zhang
- Institute of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, No. 9, South Road of Lvshun, Dalian 116044, China
- Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic-Biliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, No. 222, Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116011, China
- Correspondence: (Z.X.); (G.Z.)
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6
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Liu C, Wang M, Lv H, Liu B, Ya X, Zhao W, Wang W. CEACAM6 promotes cholangiocarcinoma migration and invasion by inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition through inhibition of the SRC/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Oncol Lett 2021; 23:39. [PMID: 34966455 PMCID: PMC8669646 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.13157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The immunoglobulin superfamily member carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 6 (CEACAM6) is overexpressed in a wide variety of human cancer types, and is associated with tumor invasion and migration. The aim of the present study was to determine the role of CEACAM6 in cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) invasion and migration in vitro. The results showed that CEACAM6 was highly expressed in CCA tissues, and that the expression level of CEACAM6 was negatively associated with the degree of differentiation of CCA. Silencing CEACAM6 inhibited cell viability, invasion and migration but promoted cell apoptosis in a human CCA cell line (RBE). In addition, CEACAM6 knockdown decreased the expression of an antiapoptotic protein (Bcl-2), an interstitial cell marker (N-cadherin), extracellular matrix proteins (MMP-2 and MMP-9), a transcription factor helix protein (Twist-related protein 1), an intermediate tumor cell scaffold marker (vimentin), a protein involved in tumor nutrient vascular formation (VEGFA) and a tumorigenesis factor (intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1), but increased the expression of pro-apoptotic proteins (Bax, and cleaved caspases-3, -8 and -9) and an epithelial cell marker protein (E-cadherin). Furthermore, CEACAM6-small interfering RNA reduced the expression of the SRC/PI3K/AKT signaling transduction pathway. Taken together, these results suggested that CEACAM6 may be an epithelial-mesenchymal transition biomarker and a potential therapeutic target in human CCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
| | - Haitao Lv
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
| | - Bing Liu
- Department of Oncology, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
| | - Xueqiang Ya
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
| | - Weihong Zhao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
| | - Wenbin Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
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7
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Bile Processing Protocol for Improved Proteomic Analysis. METHODS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (CLIFTON, N.J.) 2021; 2420:1-10. [PMID: 34905161 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1936-0_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
One of the critical issues to warrant the success of a proteome-wide analysis is sample preparation. Efficient protein extraction in the absence of interferent material is mandatory to achieve an ample proteome coverage by mass spectrometry. The study of biological fluids is always challenging due to their specific biochemical composition. However, there is increasing interest in their characterization as it will provide proteins that may advice disease setting, state, and progression. In particular, bile is proximal to liver and pancreas, and its study is especially attractive since it might provide valuable information for the clinical management of severe diseases afflicting these organs, which are at an urgent need of new biomarkers. Though previous efforts have been made to optimize protocols to analyze bile proteome, only partial descriptions were achieved due to its complex composition, where proteins represent less than 5% of the organic components. Here we describe a new method that significantly increases the bile proteome coverage while reducing by a factor of six the amount of sample required for the proteomic analysis.
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8
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Qin WH, Liu JT, Wang SP, Yang ZS, Wang KK, Hu B. Antibody array-based proteomic screening of novel biomarkers in malignant biliary stricture. Cancer Biomark 2021; 33:359-368. [PMID: 34542063 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-210095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Distinguishing between benign and malignant bile duct strictures has long been a diagnostic challenge in clinical practice. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to discover novel biomarkers in bile to improve the diagnostic accuracy of malignant biliary strictures. METHODS Bile samples were collected from 6 patients with malignant or benign biliary stricture, respectively. Protein profiles of the bile were analyzed with a semi-quantitative human antibody array of 440 proteins. Then the differential expressed proteins were screened by Venn diagram analysis. Following this, the accuracy of these potential biomarkers for discriminating between malignant and non-malignant biliary strictures was validated in a larger (n= 40) group of patients using lasso analysis. RESULTS Twenty proteins were found differentially expressed in malignant versus benign biliary strictures, 6 of which were identified by Venn diagram analysis to be up-regulated regardless of the location of biliary strictures. Among the 6 biomarkers, bile lipocalin-2, P-cadherin, and adipsin showed better diagnostic utility than that of bile CA19-9. Lasso analysis identified that lipocalin-2, P-cadherin and CA19-9 as a group of makers best distinguished malignant from benign strictures. CONCLUSIONS Lipocalin-2 and P-cadherin measurements in bile could be clinically useful for the detection of malignant biliary strictures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Hao Qin
- Department of Gastroenterology and Endoscopy, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Gastroenterology and Endoscopy, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun-Teng Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Endoscopy, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Gastroenterology and Endoscopy, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shu-Ping Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Endoscopy, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Gastroenterology and Endoscopy, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhi-Shi Yang
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kun-Ke Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Endoscopy, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bing Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Endoscopy, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
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O'Neill RS, Stoita A. Biomarkers in the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer: Are we closer to finding the golden ticket? World J Gastroenterol 2021; 27:4045-4087. [PMID: 34326612 PMCID: PMC8311531 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v27.i26.4045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a leading cause of cancer related mortality on a global scale. The disease itself is associated with a dismal prognosis, partly due to its silent nature resulting in patients presenting with advanced disease at the time of diagnosis. To combat this, there has been an explosion in the last decade of potential candidate biomarkers in the research setting in the hope that a diagnostic biomarker may provide a glimmer of hope in what is otherwise quite a substantial clinical dilemma. Currently, serum carbohydrate antigen 19-9 is utilized in the diagnostic work-up of patients diagnosed with PC however this biomarker lacks the sensitivity and specificity associated with a gold-standard marker. In the search for a biomarker that is both sensitive and specific for the diagnosis of PC, there has been a paradigm shift towards a focus on liquid biopsy and the use of diagnostic panels which has subsequently proved to have efficacy in the diagnosis of PC. Currently, promising developments in the field of early detection on PC using diagnostic biomarkers include the detection of microRNA (miRNA) in serum and circulating tumour cells. Both these modalities, although in their infancy and yet to be widely accepted into routine clinical practice, possess merit in the early detection of PC. We reviewed over 300 biomarkers with the aim to provide an in-depth summary of the current state-of-play regarding diagnostic biomarkers in PC (serum, urinary, salivary, faecal, pancreatic juice and biliary fluid).
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert S O'Neill
- Department of Gastroenterology, St Vincent's Hospital Sydney, Sydney 2010, Australia
- St George and Sutherland Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2010, Australia
| | - Alina Stoita
- Department of Gastroenterology, St Vincent's Hospital Sydney, Sydney 2010, Australia
- St Vincent’s Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2010, Australia
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10
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Nano-Strategies Targeting the Integrin αvβ3 Network for Cancer Therapy. Cells 2021; 10:cells10071684. [PMID: 34359854 PMCID: PMC8307885 DOI: 10.3390/cells10071684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Integrin αvβ3, a cell surface receptor, participates in signaling transduction pathways in cancer cell proliferation and metastasis. Several ligands bind to integrin αvβ3 to regulate proliferation and metastasis in cancer cells. Crosstalk between the integrin and other signal transduction pathways also plays an important role in modulating cancer proliferation. Carcinoembryonic antigen cell adhesion molecule 6 (CEACAM6) activates the downstream integrin FAK to stimulate biological activities including cancer proliferation and metastasis. Blockage of signals related to integrin αvβ3 was shown to be a promising target for cancer therapies. 3,3′,5,5′-tetraiodothyroacetic acid (tetrac) completely binds to the integrin with the thyroid hormone to suppress cancer proliferation. The (E)-stilbene analog, resveratrol, also binds to integrin αvβ3 to inhibit cancer growth. Recently, nanotechnologies have been used in the biomedical field for detection and therapeutic purposes. In the current review, we show and evaluate the potentiation of the nanomaterial carrier RGD peptide, derivatives of PLGA-tetrac (NDAT), and nanoresveratrol targeting integrin αvβ3 in cancer therapies.
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11
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Wang W, Tian SL, Jin D, Liu B, Wang W, Chang H, Chen C, Yu Z, Wang YZ, Li YL. The role of bile acid subtypes in the diagnosis of cholangiocarcinoma. Asia Pac J Clin Oncol 2021; 18:e163-e172. [PMID: 34161672 DOI: 10.1111/ajco.13588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To find the potential biomarkers of cholangiocarcinoma, form a biomarker package, evaluate its efficiency, and validate it. METHODS R software was used to analyze the differential expression of mRNAs between cholangiocarcinoma and adjacent nontumorous tissues, obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), and enrich the KEGG pathway. Metabo-Profile Inc. performed the comprehensive bile acid profiling and quantitation. The training set concluded 20 cholangiocarcinoma and 20 nontumorous volunteers. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and accompanying area under the curve (AUC) was calculated. The top four bile acids formed a new biomarker package. The validation set included 15 cholangiocarcinoma and 15 nontumorous, and the sensitivity and specificity of the new biomarker package were tested. RESULTS Gene expression of 36 cholangiocarcinoma and nine adjacent nontumorous tissues was obtained in January 2020. Totally 9887 differential genes were eligible (logFC ≥ 1 or ≤ -1, P < 0.05, and adjust P < 0.01). GO analysis showed that 20 KEGG pathways were enriched, including primary bile acid biosynthesis and bile secretion. Comprehensive bile acid profiling and quantitation showed 15 differential bile acid types, and the ROC-AUC was between 0.953 and 0.750. HDCA, isoLCA, bCDCA, and DCA were selected to form a biomarker package. The Logit (p = cholangiocarcinoma) = 7.898 - 3.70*(1isoLCA) - 0.444*(bCDCA) + 0.415*(HDCA) + 0.041*DCA. Its ROC-AUC was 0.944. In the validation set, the sensitivity was 0.933 and the specificity was 0.867. CONCLUSION Bile acid types package was efficient to distinguish nontumorous population and cholangiocarcinoma. The difference might be associated to the downregulation of primary bile acid biosynthesis and bile secretion pathway of cholangiocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Department of Interventional Medicine, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Interventional Research Institute of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Shi-Lin Tian
- Department of Interventional Medicine, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Interventional Research Institute of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Die Jin
- Department of Interventional Medicine, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Interventional Research Institute of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Interventional Medicine, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Interventional Research Institute of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Wujie Wang
- Department of Interventional Medicine, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Interventional Research Institute of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Haiyang Chang
- Department of Interventional Medicine, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Interventional Research Institute of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Chao Chen
- Department of Interventional Medicine, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Interventional Research Institute of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhe Yu
- Department of Interventional Medicine, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Interventional Research Institute of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yong-Zheng Wang
- Department of Interventional Medicine, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Interventional Research Institute of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yu-Liang Li
- Department of Interventional Medicine, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Interventional Research Institute of Shandong University, Jinan, China
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12
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Adrait A, Dumonceau JM, Delhaye M, Annessi-Ramseyer I, Frossard JL, Couté Y, Farina A. Liquid Biopsy of Bile based on Targeted Mass Spectrometry for the Diagnosis of Malignant Biliary Strictures. Clin Transl Sci 2020; 14:148-152. [PMID: 33048472 PMCID: PMC7877827 DOI: 10.1111/cts.12890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Bile holds biomarkers of malignant biliary strictures (MBS) but is unsuited for automated analyzers used in routine diagnostic laboratories. Selected reaction monitoring (SRM) is a flexible high‐throughput analytical approach based on targeted mass spectrometry (MS) already implemented in clinical settings. We tested the hypothesis that SRM could be used to quantify cancer biomarkers in human bile. An SRM‐based assay was developed to simultaneously quantify up to 37 peptides from 13 bile proteins in a developmental cohort of 15 patients (MBS, n = 8; benign biliary stricture or obstruction (BBS), n = 7). The most reliable biomarkers were then absolutely quantified by SRM in a verification cohort of 67 patients (MBS, n = 37; BBS, n = 30). The diagnostic performances of single and combined biomarkers were assessed. In the developmental cohort, SRM‐based analysis revealed six protein biomarkers with significantly higher peptide ratios (endogenous vs. standard) in bile from MBS vs. BBS. In the verification cohort, five of these biomarkers proved good diagnostic ability (individual receiver operating characteristic‐area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC‐AUC) up to 0.889, accuracies from 67.8% to 83.1%). Combining bile biomarkers and serum CA19‐9 in 2 panels allowed differentiating MBS from BBS with up to 0.929 ROC‐AUC and 89.8% accuracy. In this study, a newly developed SRM‐based assay proved able to simultaneously quantify multiple biomarkers in bile samples. The combination of bile biomarkers with serum CA19‐9 was highly accurate for the diagnosis of MBS. Liquid biopsy of bile based on targeted MS is eligible to support MBS diagnosis in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annie Adrait
- University Grenoble Alpes, CEA, Inserm, IRIG, BGE, Grenoble, France
| | | | - Myriam Delhaye
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatopancreatology and GI Oncology, Erasme University Hospital, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Jean-Louis Frossard
- Department of Medicine, Geneva University, Geneva, Switzerland.,Division of Gastroenterology, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Yohann Couté
- University Grenoble Alpes, CEA, Inserm, IRIG, BGE, Grenoble, France
| | - Annarita Farina
- Department of Medicine, Geneva University, Geneva, Switzerland.,Division of Gastroenterology, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
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13
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Ciordia S, Alvarez-Sola G, Rullán M, Urman JM, Ávila MA, Corrales FJ. Digging deeper into bile proteome. J Proteomics 2020; 230:103984. [PMID: 32932008 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2020.103984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The analysis of biological fluids to identify proteins that may indicate a disease setting, state and progression, is an increasingly explored field. Despite the expectatives created, there are several hurdles that must be solved to reach an extensive proteome coverage using mass spectrometry, mainly due to the complex composition of the matrices. In this regard, bile is specially challenging and yet, very attractive, as a proximal fluid that might provide valuable information for the management of liver and pancreas associated diseases. Proteins account for less than 5% of bile organic components and, although optimized protocols for protein extraction have been developed, only partial descriptions of bile proteome have been achieved. In this manuscript a new procedure is described that significantly improves protein recovery from rat bile, which reduces by a factor of six the sample amount required for a typical proteomics analysis. Moreover, the number of proteins reliably identified in a single nanoLC-MS/MS run from 1 μg protein was increased by three-fold. This procedure provides a valuable resource to dig deeper into the molecular composition of bile and open new avenues to identify new hallmarks of disease such as cholangiocarcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma and pancreatic cancer for their better clinical management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Ciordia
- Functional Proteomics Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología - CSIC, Proteored-ISCIII, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Gloria Alvarez-Sola
- National Institute for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBERehd, Carlos III Health Institute), 28029 Madrid, Spain; Program of Hepatology, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - María Rullán
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Navarra University Hospital Complex, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Jesús M Urman
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Navarra University Hospital Complex, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Matías A Ávila
- National Institute for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBERehd, Carlos III Health Institute), 28029 Madrid, Spain; Program of Hepatology, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Fernando J Corrales
- Functional Proteomics Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología - CSIC, Proteored-ISCIII, 28049 Madrid, Spain; National Institute for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBERehd, Carlos III Health Institute), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
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14
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Norouzi Z, Salimi A, Halabian R, Fahimi H. Nisin, a potent bacteriocin and anti-bacterial peptide, attenuates expression of metastatic genes in colorectal cancer cell lines. Microb Pathog 2018; 123:183-189. [PMID: 30017942 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2018.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Revised: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is the third most common cause of cancer-related death in the world which genetic and environmental agents are responsible for cancer. When cells detach from the tumor and invade surrounding tissues, the tumor is malignant and may form secondary tumors at other locations in a process called metastasis. Probiotics are the largest group of inhabitation bacteria in the colon. Gut microbiota has a central role in prevented the risk colon cancer. Probiotics are beneficial microorganisms, like Lactic acid bacteria and Lactobacilli bacteria which are using in the dairy industry. Probiotics nisin are having the most important category of safe usage. In this study LS180, SW48, HT29 and Caco2 was cultured and treated with different dose of nisin. Cell proliferation was assayed with MTT. The expression of CEA, CEAM6 and MMP2F genes was analyzed with Real-time PCR. Protein expression of CEA was evacuated with ELISA. Our result was shown that the 40-50 IU/mL nisin could suppress proliferation of LS180. Cell proliferation of SW48, HT29, Caco2 cells was decreased in 250-350 IU/mL concentration of nisin. The gene expression of CEA, CEAM6, MMP2F was significantly down-regulated with nisin treatment (p < 0.001, p < 0.01). Also, after cells treated with nisin, CEA protein expression was down regulated (p < 0.01). In conclusion, nisin could suppressed metastatic process via down-regulation of CEA, CEAM6, MMP2F, MMP9F genes. We suggested the new treatment strategies beyond Probiotics, which play a role in the prevention local tumor invasion, metastasis and recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohreh Norouzi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Sciences and Technology, Pharmaceutical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Salimi
- Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Raheleh Halabian
- Applied Microbiology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Hossein Fahimi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Sciences and Technology, Pharmaceutical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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15
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Dumych T, Yamakawa N, Sivignon A, Garenaux E, Robakiewicz S, Coddeville B, Bongiovanni A, Bray F, Barnich N, Szunerits S, Slomianny C, Herrmann M, Gouin SG, Lutsyk AD, Munoz LE, Lafont F, Rolando C, Bilyy R, Bouckaert JMJ. Oligomannose-Rich Membranes of Dying Intestinal Epithelial Cells Promote Host Colonization by Adherent-Invasive E. coli. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:742. [PMID: 29720971 PMCID: PMC5915571 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.00742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel mechanism is revealed by which clinical isolates of adherent-invasive Escherichia coli (AIEC) penetrate into the epithelial cell layer, replicate, and establish biofilms in Crohn's disease. AIEC uses the FimH fimbrial adhesin to bind to oligomannose glycans on the surface of host cells. Oligomannose glycans exposed on early apoptotic cells are the preferred binding targets of AIEC, so apoptotic cells serve as potential entry points for bacteria into the epithelial cell layer. Thereafter, the bacteria propagate laterally in the epithelial intercellular spaces. We demonstrate oligomannosylation at two distinct sites of a glycoprotein receptor for AIEC, carcinoembryonic antigen related cell adhesion molecule 6 (CEACAM6 or CD66c), on human intestinal epithelia. After bacterial binding, FimH interacts with CEACAM6, which then clusters. The presence of the highest-affinity epitope for FimH, oligomannose-5, on CEACAM6 is demonstrated using LC-MS/MS. As mannose-dependent infections are abundant, this mechanism might also be used by other adherent-invasive pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetiana Dumych
- Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Nao Yamakawa
- Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, UMR8576 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, University of Lille, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Adeline Sivignon
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1071, USC-INRA 2018, M2iSH, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Estelle Garenaux
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1071, USC-INRA 2018, M2iSH, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Stefania Robakiewicz
- Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, UMR8576 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, University of Lille, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Bernadette Coddeville
- Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, UMR8576 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, University of Lille, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Antonino Bongiovanni
- Cellular Microbiology and Physics of Infection Group-Center of Infection and Immunity of Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR8204, INSERM U1019, Lille Regional Hospital University Centre, University of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Fabrice Bray
- Miniaturisation pour l'Analyse, la Synthèse et la Protéomique, USR 3290 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, University of Lille, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Nicolas Barnich
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1071, USC-INRA 2018, M2iSH, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Sabine Szunerits
- Institut Supérieur de l'Electronique et du Numérique, University of Lille, Centrale Lille, UMR 8520-IEMN, University Valenciennes, Lille, France
| | - Christian Slomianny
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U.1003, University of Lille, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Martin Herrmann
- Department of Internal Medicine 3-Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sébastien G Gouin
- Chimie Et Interdisciplinarité, Synthèse, Analyse, Modélisation, UMR 6230 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (L'UNAM), Nantes, France
| | - Alexander D Lutsyk
- Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Luis E Munoz
- Department of Internal Medicine 3-Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Frank Lafont
- Cellular Microbiology and Physics of Infection Group-Center of Infection and Immunity of Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR8204, INSERM U1019, Lille Regional Hospital University Centre, University of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Christian Rolando
- Miniaturisation pour l'Analyse, la Synthèse et la Protéomique, USR 3290 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, University of Lille, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Rostyslav Bilyy
- Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Julie M J Bouckaert
- Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, UMR8576 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, University of Lille, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
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16
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Keane MG, Shah A, Pereira SP, Joshi D. Novel biomarkers and endoscopic techniques for diagnosing pancreaticobiliary malignancy. F1000Res 2017; 6:1643. [PMID: 28944047 PMCID: PMC5585877 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.11371.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The UK incidence of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is 9 per 100,000 population, and biliary tract cancer occurs at a rate of 1–2 per 100,000. The incidence of both cancers is increasing annually and these tumours continue to be diagnosed late and at an advanced stage, limiting options for curative treatment. Population-based screening programmes do not exist for these cancers, and diagnosis currently is dependent on symptom recognition, but often symptoms are not present until the disease is advanced. Recently, a number of promising blood and urine biomarkers have been described for pancreaticobiliary malignancy and are summarised in this review. Novel endoscopic techniques such as single-operator cholangioscopy and confocal endomicroscopy have been used in some centres to enhance standard endoscopic diagnostic techniques and are also evaluated in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amar Shah
- Institute of Liver Studies, King's College Hospital, London, UK
| | - Stephen P Pereira
- UCL Institute for Liver and Digestive Health, Royal Free Campus, London, UK
| | - Deepak Joshi
- Institute of Liver Studies, King's College Hospital, London, UK
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17
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Severino V, Dumonceau JM, Delhaye M, Moll S, Annessi-Ramseyer I, Robin X, Frossard JL, Farina A. Extracellular Vesicles in Bile as Markers of Malignant Biliary Stenoses. Gastroenterology 2017; 153:495-504.e8. [PMID: 28479376 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2017.04.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2016] [Revised: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Algorithms for diagnosis of malignant common bile duct (CBD) stenoses are complex and lack accuracy. Malignant tumors secrete large numbers of extracellular vesicles (EVs) into surrounding fluids; EVs might therefore serve as biomarkers for diagnosis. We investigated whether concentrations of EVs in bile could discriminate malignant from nonmalignant CBD stenoses. METHODS We collected bile and blood samples from 50 patients undergoing therapeutic endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography at university hospitals in Europe for CBD stenosis of malignant (pancreatic cancer, n = 20 or cholangiocarcinoma, n = 5) or nonmalignant (chronic pancreatitis [CP], n = 15) origin. Ten patients with CBD obstruction due to biliary stones were included as controls. EV concentrations in samples were determined by nanoparticle tracking analyses. The discovery cohort comprised the first 10 patients with a diagnosis of pancreatic cancer, based on tissue analysis, and 10 consecutive controls. Using samples from these subjects, we identified a threshold concentration of bile EVs that could best discriminate between patients with pancreatic cancer from controls. We verified the diagnostic performance of bile EV concentration by analyzing samples from the 30 consecutive patients with a diagnosis of malignant (pancreatic cancer or cholangiocarcinoma, n = 15) or nonmalignant (CP, n = 15) CBD stenosis. Samples were compared using the Mann-Whitney test and nonparametric Spearman correlation analysis. Receiver operating characteristic area under the curve was used to determine diagnostic accuracy. RESULTS In both cohorts, the median concentration of EVs was significantly higher in bile samples from patients with malignant CBD stenoses than controls or nonmalignant CBD stenoses (2.41 × 1015 vs 1.60 × 1014 nanoparticles/L in the discovery cohort; P < .0001 and 4.00 × 1015 vs 1.26 × 1014 nanoparticles/L in the verification cohort; P < .0001). A threshold of 9.46 × 1014 nanoparticles/L in bile best distinguished patients with malignant CBD from controls in the discovery cohort. In the verification cohort, this threshold discriminated malignant from nonmalignant CBD stenoses with 100% accuracy. Serum concentration of EVs distinguished patients with malignant vs patients with nonmalignant CBD stenoses with 63.3% diagnostic accuracy. CONCLUSIONS Concentration of EVs in bile samples discriminates between patients with malignant vs nonmalignant CBD stenosis with 100% accuracy. Further studies are needed to confirm these findings. Clinical Trial registration no: ISRCTN66835592.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Severino
- Department of Internal Medicine Specialties, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Human Protein Science, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Myriam Delhaye
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatopancreatology and GI Oncology, Erasme University Hospital, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Solange Moll
- Department of Pathology, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Xavier Robin
- Biotech Research and Innovation Center, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jean-Louis Frossard
- Department of Internal Medicine Specialties, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; Service of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospitals of Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Annarita Farina
- Department of Internal Medicine Specialties, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Human Protein Science, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
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18
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Papafragkakis C, Lee J. Comprehensive management of cholangiocarcinoma: Part I. Diagnosis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GASTROINTESTINAL INTERVENTION 2017. [DOI: 10.18528/gii1500341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Charilaos Papafragkakis
- epartment of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jeffrey Lee
- epartment of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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19
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Laohaviroj M, Potriquet J, Jia X, Suttiprapa S, Chamgramol Y, Pairojkul C, Sithithaworn P, Mulvenna J, Sripa B. A comparative proteomic analysis of bile for biomarkers of cholangiocarcinoma. Tumour Biol 2017; 39:1010428317705764. [PMID: 28618946 DOI: 10.1177/1010428317705764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma is a primary malignant tumor of the bile duct epithelium. Cholangiocarcinoma is usually detected at an advanced stage when successful treatment is no longer possible. As the tumor originates from the bile duct epithelium, bile is an ideal source of tumor biomarkers for cholangiocarcinoma. In this study, we used a quantitative proteomics approach to identify potential tumor-associated proteins in the bile fluid of six cholangiocarcinoma patients. Three different gross-appearance tumor types were used in the analysis: mass-forming type ( n = 2), periductal infiltrating type ( n = 2), and intraductal growth type ( n = 2). Two bile samples from non-cancerous patients were used as controls. Isobaric labeling, coupled with Tandem mass spectrometry, was used to quantify protein levels in the bile of cholangiocarcinoma and control patients. In all, 63 proteins were significantly increased in cholangiocarcinoma bile compared to normal bile. Alpha-1-antitrypsin was one of the overexpressed proteins that increased in cholangiocarcinoma bile samples. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that alpha-1-antitrypsin was detected in 177 (50%) of 354 cholangiocarcinoma tissues from our Tissue Bank. Immunoblotting of 54 cholangiocarcinoma bile samples showed that alpha-1-antitrypsin was positive in 38 (70%) samples. Fecal enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay showed that alpha-1-antitrypsin level was able to distinguish cholangiocarcinoma patients from normal individuals. In conclusion, alpha-1-antitrypsin is a potential marker for early diagnosis of cholangiocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marut Laohaviroj
- 1 Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,2 WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Control of Opisthorchiasis (Southeast Asian Liver Fluke Disease), Tropical Disease Research Center (TDRC), Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Jeremy Potriquet
- 3 Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Xinying Jia
- 4 Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Sutas Suttiprapa
- 1 Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,2 WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Control of Opisthorchiasis (Southeast Asian Liver Fluke Disease), Tropical Disease Research Center (TDRC), Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Yaovalux Chamgramol
- 1 Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Chawalit Pairojkul
- 1 Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Paiboon Sithithaworn
- 5 Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Jason Mulvenna
- 3 Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Banchob Sripa
- 1 Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,2 WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Control of Opisthorchiasis (Southeast Asian Liver Fluke Disease), Tropical Disease Research Center (TDRC), Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
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20
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Hmmier A, O'Brien ME, Lynch V, Clynes M, Morgan R, Dowling P. Proteomic analysis of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) from lung cancer patients using label-free mass spectrometry. BBA CLINICAL 2017; 7:97-104. [PMID: 28331811 PMCID: PMC5357681 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbacli.2017.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Revised: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality in both men and women throughout the world. The need to detect lung cancer at an early, potentially curable stage, is essential and may reduce mortality by 20%. The aim of this study was to identify distinct proteomic profiles in bronchoalveolar fluid (BALF) and plasma that are able to discriminate individuals with benign disease from those with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHODS Using label-free mass spectrometry analysis of BALF during discovery-phase analysis, a significant number of proteins were found to have different abundance levels when comparing control to adenocarcinoma (AD) or squamous cell lung carcinoma (SqCC). Validation of candidate biomarkers identified in BALF was performed in a larger cohort of plasma samples by detection with enzyme-linked immunoassay. RESULTS Four proteins (Cystatin-C, TIMP-1, Lipocalin-2 and HSP70/HSPA1A) were selected as a representative group from discovery phase mass spectrometry BALF analysis. Plasma levels of TIMP-1, Lipocalin-2 and Cystatin-C were found to be significantly elevated in AD and SqCC compared to control. CONCLUSION The results presented in this study indicate that BALF is an important proximal biofluid for the discovery and identification of candidate lung cancer biomarkers. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE There is good correlation between the trend of protein abundance levels in BALF and that of plasma which validates this approach to develop a blood biomarker to aid lung cancer diagnosis, particularly in the era of lung cancer screening. The protein signatures identified also provide insight into the molecular mechanisms associated with lung malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abduladim Hmmier
- Department of Biology, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland; BioNano Integration Research Group, Biotechnology Research Centre, Tripoli, Libya
| | | | - Vincent Lynch
- National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Martin Clynes
- National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Ross Morgan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Paul Dowling
- Department of Biology, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland
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21
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Rose JB, Correa-Gallego C, Li Y, Nelson J, Alseidi A, Helton WS, Allen PJ, D’Angelica MI, DeMatteo RP, Fong Y, Kingham TP, Kowdley KV, Jarnagin WR, Rocha FG. The Role of Biliary Carcinoembryonic Antigen-Related Cellular Adhesion Molecule 6 (CEACAM6) as a Biomarker in Cholangiocarcinoma. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0150195. [PMID: 26974538 PMCID: PMC4790932 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0150195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 02/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of the present study is to determine if CEACAM6 can be detected in the bile of patients with biliary cancer and can serve as a diagnostic biomarker for cholangiocarcinoma. Summary Background Data Distinguishing bile duct carcinoma from other diagnoses is often difficult using endoscopic or percutaneous techniques. The cell surface protein CEACAM6 is over-expressed in many gastrointestinal cancers and may be selectively elevated in biliary adenocarcinoma. Methods Bile from patients with benign biliary disease and cholangiocarcinoma (hilar, intrahepatic and distal) was collected at the time of index operation. The concentration of CEACAM6 was quantified by sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and correlated to pathologic diagnosis. Diagnostic capability of CEACAM6 was evaluated by Wilcoxon rank-sum, linear regression, multiple regression, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Results Bile from 83 patients was analyzed: 42 with benign disease and 41 with cholangiocarcinoma. Patients in the benign cohort were younger, predominantly female, and had lower median biliary CEACAM6 levels than patients in the malignant cohort (7.5 ng/ml vs. 40 ng/ml; p = <.001). ROC curve analysis determined CEACAM6 to be a positive predictor cholangiocarcinoma with a CEACAM6 level >14 ng/ml associated with 87.5% sensitivity, 69.1% specificity, and a likelihood ratio of 2.8 (AUC 0.74). Multiple regression analysis suggested elevated alkaline phosphatase and the presence of biliary endoprostheses may influence CEACAM6 levels. Conclusion Biliary CEACAM6 can identify patients with extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma with a high degree of sensitivity and should be investigated further as a potential screening tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Bart Rose
- Section of General, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Virginia Mason Medical Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Camilo Correa-Gallego
- Hepatopancreatobiliary Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Yu Li
- Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - James Nelson
- Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Adnan Alseidi
- Section of General, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Virginia Mason Medical Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - W. Scott Helton
- Section of General, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Virginia Mason Medical Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Peter J. Allen
- Hepatopancreatobiliary Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Michael I. D’Angelica
- Hepatopancreatobiliary Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Ronald P. DeMatteo
- Hepatopancreatobiliary Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Yuman Fong
- Department of Surgery, City of Hope Cancer Center, Duarte, California, United States of America
| | - T. Peter Kingham
- Hepatopancreatobiliary Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Kris V. Kowdley
- Section of General, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Virginia Mason Medical Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - William R. Jarnagin
- Hepatopancreatobiliary Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Flavio G. Rocha
- Section of General, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Virginia Mason Medical Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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22
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Lourdusamy V, Tharian B, Navaneethan U. Biomarkers in bile-complementing advanced endoscopic imaging in the diagnosis of indeterminate biliary strictures. World J Gastrointest Endosc 2015; 7:308-317. [PMID: 25901209 PMCID: PMC4400619 DOI: 10.4253/wjge.v7.i4.308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2014] [Revised: 09/24/2014] [Accepted: 01/20/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Biliary strictures present a diagnostic challenge and a conundrum, particularly when an initial work up including abdominal imaging and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography based sampling are non-diagnostic. Advances in endoscopic imaging have helped us diagnose these strictures better. However, even with modern technology, some strictures remain a diagnostic challenge. The proximity of bile fluid to the bile duct epithelia makes it an attractive option to investigate for bio-markers, which might be representative of the functions/abnormal changes taking place in the biliary system. A number of biomarkers in bile have been discovered recently in approaching biliary strictures with their potential future diagnostic utility, further supported by the immunohistochemical analysis of the resected tissue specimens. Novel biliary biomarkers especially carcinoembryonic cell adhesion molecule 6 and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin seem promising in differentiating malignant from benign biliary strictures. Recent developments in lipidomic profiling of bile are also very promising. Biliary biomarkers appear to complement endoscopic imaging in diagnosing malignant etiologies of biliary stricture. Future studies addressing these biomarkers need to be incorporated to the current endoscopic techniques to determine the best approach in determining the etiology of biliary strictures.
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23
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Blaszykowski C, Sheikh S, Thompson M. A survey of state-of-the-art surface chemistries to minimize fouling from human and animal biofluids. Biomater Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5bm00085h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Fouling of artificial surfaces by biofluids is a plague Biotechnology deeply suffers from. Herein, we inventory the state-of-the-art surface chemistries developed to minimize this effect from both human and animal biosamples.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sonia Sheikh
- University of Toronto
- Department of Chemistry – St. George campus
- Toronto
- Canada M5S 3H6
| | - Michael Thompson
- Econous Systems Inc
- Toronto
- Canada M5S 3H6
- University of Toronto
- Department of Chemistry – St. George campus
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24
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Farina A, Delhaye M, Lescuyer P, Dumonceau JM. Bile proteome in health and disease. Compr Physiol 2014; 4:91-108. [PMID: 24692135 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c130016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The study of bile proteins could improve the understanding of physiological processes involved in the regulation of the hepato-biliary system. Researchers have tried for years to investigate the bile proteome but, until recently, only a few tens of proteins were known. The advent of proteomics, availing of large-scale analytical devices paired with potent bioinformatic resources, lately allowed the identification of thousands of proteins in bile. Nevertheless, the knowledge of their role in the hepato-biliary system still represents almost a "blank page in the book of physiology." In this review, we first guide the reader through the historical phases of the analysis of bile protein content, emphasizing the recent progresses achieved through the use of proteomic techniques. Thereafter, we deeply explore the involvement of bile proteins in health and disease, with a particular focus on the discovery of biomarkers for biliary tract malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annarita Farina
- Biomedical Proteomics Research Group, Department of Human Protein Sciences, Geneva University, Geneva, Switzerland
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25
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Patel T. Extracellular vesicle noncoding RNA: new players in the diagnosis and pathogenesis of cholangiocarcinoma. Hepatology 2014; 60:782-4. [PMID: 24753059 PMCID: PMC4146739 DOI: 10.1002/hep.27185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2014] [Revised: 04/13/2014] [Accepted: 04/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tushar Patel
- Departments of Transplantation and Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL
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26
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Mertens J. Clinical diagnosis and management of perihilar cholangiocarcinoma. Clin Liver Dis (Hoboken) 2014; 3:60-64. [PMID: 30992887 PMCID: PMC6448701 DOI: 10.1002/cld.328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Joachim Mertens
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyUniversity Hospital ZurichZurichSwitzerland.
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