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Solovjeva ON. New Role of Water in Transketolase Catalysis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032068. [PMID: 36768400 PMCID: PMC9917271 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Transketolase catalyzes the interconversion of keto and aldo sugars. Its coenzyme is thiamine diphosphate. The binding of keto sugar with thiamine diphosphate is possible only after C2 deprotonation of its thiazole ring. It is believed that deprotonation occurs due to the direct transfer of a proton to the amino group of its aminopyrimidine ring. Using mass spectrometry, it is shown that a water molecule is directly involved in the deprotonation process. After the binding of thiamine diphosphate with transketolase and its subsequent cleavage, a thiamine diphosphate molecule is formed with a mass increased by one oxygen molecule. After fragmentation, a thiamine diphosphate molecule is formed with a mass reduced by one and two hydrogen atoms, that is, HO and H2O are split off. Based on these data, it is assumed that after the formation of holotransketolase, water is covalently bound to thiamine diphosphate, and carbanion is formed as a result of its elimination. This may be a common mechanism for other thiamine enzymes. The participation of a water molecule in the catalysis of the one-substrate transketolase reaction and a possible reason for the effect of the acceptor substrate on the affinity of the donor substrate for active sites are also shown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga N Solovjeva
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
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Latorre-Muro P, Baeza J, Armstrong EA, Hurtado-Guerrero R, Corzana F, Wu LE, Sinclair DA, López-Buesa P, Carrodeguas JA, Denu JM. Dynamic Acetylation of Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase Toggles Enzyme Activity between Gluconeogenic and Anaplerotic Reactions. Mol Cell 2018; 71:718-732.e9. [PMID: 30193097 PMCID: PMC6188669 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2018.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Revised: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cytosolic phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PCK1) is considered a gluconeogenic enzyme; however, its metabolic functions and regulatory mechanisms beyond gluconeogenesis are poorly understood. Here, we describe that dynamic acetylation of PCK1 interconverts the enzyme between gluconeogenic and anaplerotic activities. Under high glucose, p300-dependent hyperacetylation of PCK1 did not lead to protein degradation but instead increased the ability of PCK1 to perform the anaplerotic reaction, converting phosphoenolpyruvate to oxaloacetate. Lys91 acetylation destabilizes the active site of PCK1 and favors the reverse reaction. At low energy input, we demonstrate that SIRT1 deacetylates PCK1 and fully restores the gluconeogenic ability of PCK1. Additionally, we found that GSK3β-mediated phosphorylation of PCK1 decreases acetylation and increases ubiquitination. Biochemical evidence suggests that serine phosphorylation adjacent to Lys91 stimulates SIRT1-dependent deacetylation of PCK1. This work reveals an unexpected capacity of hyperacetylated PCK1 to promote anaplerotic activity, and the intersection of post-translational control of PCK1 involving acetylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Latorre-Muro
- Departamento de Producción Animal y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain; Instituto de Biocomputación y Física de Sistemas Complejos (BIFI), BIFIIQFR (CSIC) Joint Unit, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Josue Baeza
- Wisconsin Institute for Discovery and Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health-Madison, Madison, WI 53715, USA
| | - Eric A Armstrong
- Wisconsin Institute for Discovery and Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health-Madison, Madison, WI 53715, USA
| | - Ramón Hurtado-Guerrero
- Instituto de Biocomputación y Física de Sistemas Complejos (BIFI), BIFIIQFR (CSIC) Joint Unit, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain; Fundación ARAID, Government of Aragón, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Francisco Corzana
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química, Universidad de La Rioja, 26006 Logroño, Spain
| | - Lindsay E Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - David A Sinclair
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia; Department of Genetics, Paul F. Glenn Laboratories for the Biological Mechanisms of Aging, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Pascual López-Buesa
- Departamento de Producción Animal y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain; Instituto de Biocomputación y Física de Sistemas Complejos (BIFI), BIFIIQFR (CSIC) Joint Unit, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - José A Carrodeguas
- Instituto de Biocomputación y Física de Sistemas Complejos (BIFI), BIFIIQFR (CSIC) Joint Unit, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain; Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; IIS Aragón, Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - John M Denu
- Wisconsin Institute for Discovery and Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health-Madison, Madison, WI 53715, USA; Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI 53715, USA.
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