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Li L, Zeng J, He S, Yang Y, Wang C. METTL14 decreases FTH1 mRNA stability via m6A methylation to promote sorafenib-induced ferroptosis of cervical cancer. Cancer Biol Ther 2024; 25:2349429. [PMID: 38738555 PMCID: PMC11093024 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2024.2349429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer (CC) is a prevalent malignancy among women worldwide. This study was designed to investigate the role of METTL14 in sorafenib-induced ferroptosis in CC. METTL14 expression and m6A methylation were determined in CC tissues, followed by analyzes correlating these factors with clinical features. Subsequently, METTL14 was knocked down in CC cell lines, and the effects on cell proliferation, mitochondrial morphology and ferroptosis were assessed using CCK-8, microscopy, and markers associated with ferroptosis, respectively. The regulatory relationship between METTL14 and FTH1 was verified using qRT-PCR and luciferase reporter assays. The functional significance of this interaction was further investigated both in vitro and in vivo by co-transfecting cells with overexpression vectors or shRNAs targeting METTL14 and FTH1 after sorafenib treatment. METTL14 expression and m6A methylation were significantly reduced in CC tissues, and lower METTL14 expression levels were associated with a poorer CC patients' prognosis. Notably, METTL14 expression increased during sorafenib-induced ferroptosis, and METTL14 knockdown attenuated the ferroptotic response induced by sorafenib in CC cells. FTH1 was identified as a direct target of METTL14, with METTL14 overexpression leading to increased m6A methylation of FTH1 mRNA, resulting in reduced stability and expression of FTH1 in CC. Furthermore, FTH1 overexpression or treatment with LY294002 partially counteracted the promotion of sorafenib-induced ferroptosis by METTL14. In vivo xenograft experiments demonstrated that inhibiting METTL14 reduced the anticancer effects of sorafenib, whereas suppression of FTH1 significantly enhanced sorafenib-induced ferroptosis and increased its anticancer efficacy. METTL14 reduces FTH1 mRNA stability through m6A methylation, thereby enhancing sorafenib-induced ferroptosis, which contributes to suppressing CC progression via the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijie Li
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Jie Zeng
- Pharmacy Intravenous Admixture Services, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Sili He
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Yanfei Yang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China
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Zhang X, Yuan L, Zhang W, Zhang Y, Wu Q, Li C, Wu M, Huang Y. Liquid-liquid phase separation in diseases. MedComm (Beijing) 2024; 5:e640. [PMID: 39006762 PMCID: PMC11245632 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS), an emerging biophysical phenomenon, can sequester molecules to implement physiological and pathological functions. LLPS implements the assembly of numerous membraneless chambers, including stress granules and P-bodies, containing RNA and protein. RNA-RNA and RNA-protein interactions play a critical role in LLPS. Scaffolding proteins, through multivalent interactions and external factors, support protein-RNA interaction networks to form condensates involved in a variety of diseases, particularly neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. Modulating LLPS phenomenon in multiple pathogenic proteins for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases and cancer could present a promising direction, though recent advances in this area are limited. Here, we summarize in detail the complexity of LLPS in constructing signaling pathways and highlight the role of LLPS in neurodegenerative diseases and cancers. We also explore RNA modifications on LLPS to alter diseases progression because these modifications can influence LLPS of certain proteins or the formation of stress granules, and discuss the possibility of proper manipulation of LLPS process to restore cellular homeostasis or develop therapeutic drugs for the eradication of diseases. This review attempts to discuss potential therapeutic opportunities by elaborating on the connection between LLPS, RNA modification, and their roles in diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Zhang
- College of Life and Health Sciences Northeastern University Shenyang China
| | - Lin Yuan
- Laboratory of Research in Parkinson's Disease and Related Disorders Health Sciences Institute China Medical University Shenyang China
| | - Wanlu Zhang
- College of Life and Health Sciences Northeastern University Shenyang China
| | - Yi Zhang
- College of Life and Health Sciences Northeastern University Shenyang China
| | - Qun Wu
- Department of Pediatrics Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine Shanghai China
| | - Chunting Li
- College of Life and Health Sciences Northeastern University Shenyang China
| | - Min Wu
- Wenzhou Institute University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Wenzhou Zhejiang China
- The Joint Research Center Affiliated Xiangshan Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University Ningbo China
| | - Yongye Huang
- College of Life and Health Sciences Northeastern University Shenyang China
- Key Laboratory of Bioresource Research and Development of Liaoning Province College of Life and Health Sciences Northeastern University Shenyang China
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Li Y, Jin H, Li Q, Shi L, Mao Y, Zhao L. The role of RNA methylation in tumor immunity and its potential in immunotherapy. Mol Cancer 2024; 23:130. [PMID: 38902779 PMCID: PMC11188252 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-024-02041-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
RNA methylation, a prevalent post-transcriptional modification, has garnered considerable attention in research circles. It exerts regulatory control over diverse biological functions by modulating RNA splicing, translation, transport, and stability. Notably, studies have illuminated the substantial impact of RNA methylation on tumor immunity. The primary types of RNA methylation encompass N6-methyladenosine (m6A), 5-methylcytosine (m5C), N1-methyladenosine (m1A), and N7-methylguanosine (m7G), and 3-methylcytidine (m3C). Compelling evidence underscores the involvement of RNA methylation in regulating the tumor microenvironment (TME). By affecting RNA translation and stability through the "writers", "erasers" and "readers", RNA methylation exerts influence over the dysregulation of immune cells and immune factors. Consequently, RNA methylation plays a pivotal role in modulating tumor immunity and mediating various biological behaviors, encompassing proliferation, invasion, metastasis, etc. In this review, we discussed the mechanisms and functions of several RNA methylations, providing a comprehensive overview of their biological roles and underlying mechanisms within the tumor microenvironment and among immunocytes. By exploring how these RNA modifications mediate tumor immune evasion, we also examine their potential applications in immunotherapy. This review aims to provide novel insights and strategies for identifying novel targets in RNA methylation and advancing cancer immunotherapy efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Haoer Jin
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qingling Li
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Liangrong Shi
- Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yitao Mao
- Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | - Luqing Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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Zhao X, Lu J, Wu W, Li J. METTL14 inhibits the malignant processes of gastric cancer cells by promoting N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methylation of TAF10. Heliyon 2024; 10:e32014. [PMID: 38882361 PMCID: PMC11176857 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methylation mediates cancer development by regulating cell proliferation and metastasis. This study aimed to identify whether methyltransferase 14 (METTL14) affects gastric cancer (GC) cellular functions and its underlying mechanism. METTL14 and TATA-box binding protein associated factor 10 (TAF10) levels were examined using quantitative real-time PCR, immunohistochemical assay, and Western blot. Biological functions were assessed using cell counting kit-8, colony formation, and transwell assays. The interaction between METTL14 and TAF10 was analyzed using RNA immunoprecipitation, methylated RNA immunoprecipitation, and luciferase reporter assay. A xenograft tumor mouse model was established to assess the role of METTL14 in vivo. The results suggested that METTL14 was low expressed and TAF10 was highly expressed in GC tissues and cells. METTL14 overexpression inhibited GC cell viability, colony, migration, and invasion. TAF10 was predicted and confirmed to be negatively related to METTL14. METTL14 promoted m6A methylation of TAF10 and inhibited TAF10 stability. Moreover, TAF10 counteracted the cellular behaviors regulated by METTL14. Overexpression of METTL14 inhibited tumor growth and histopathology. In conclusion, METTL14 inhibits GC progression by attenuating GC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Mechanistically, METTL14 promoted m6A methylation of TAF10, suppressed the stability of TAF10, and thus downregulated the TAF10 levels, These results provide a new insight into GC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, The 928th Hospital of the Joint Logistic Support Force of the People's Liberation Army, 100 Longkun South Road, Longhua District, Haikou, 570100, Hainan, China
| | - Jingfen Lu
- Department of Hemato-oncology, The 928th Hospital of the Joint Logistic Support Force of the People's Liberation Army, 100 Longkun South Road, Longhua District, Haikou, 570100, Hainan, China
| | - Weimin Wu
- Department of General Surgery, The 928th Hospital of the Joint Logistic Support Force of the People's Liberation Army, 100 Longkun South Road, Longhua District, Haikou, 570100, Hainan, China
| | - Jiahui Li
- Department of Medical Imaging, The 74th Military Medical Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army CN, 468 Xingang Middle Road, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, 510318, Guangdong, China
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Wei Q, Xue C, Li M, Wei J, Zheng L, Chen S, Duan Y, Deng H, Tang F, Xiong W, Zhou M. Ferroptosis: a critical mechanism of N 6-methyladenosine modification involved in carcinogenesis and tumor progression. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2024; 67:1119-1132. [PMID: 38811442 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-023-2474-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent regulatory cell necrosis induced by iron overload and lipid peroxidation. It occurs when multiple redox-active enzymes are ectopically expressed or show abnormal function. Hence, the precise regulation of ferroptosis-related molecules is mediated across multiple levels, including transcriptional, posttranscriptional, translational, and epigenetic levels. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is a highly evolutionarily conserved epigenetic modification in mammals. The m6A modification is commonly linked to tumor proliferation, progression, and therapy resistance because it is involved in RNA metabolic processes. Intriguingly, accumulating evidence suggests that dysregulated ferroptosis caused by the m6A modification drives tumor development. In this review, we summarized the roles of m6A regulators in ferroptosis-mediated malignant tumor progression and outlined the m6A regulatory mechanism involved in ferroptosis pathways. We also analyzed the potential value and application strategies of targeting m6A/ferroptosis pathway in the clinical diagnosis and therapy of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Wei
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
- Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Changning Xue
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
- Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Mengna Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
- Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Jianxia Wei
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
- Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Lemei Zheng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
- Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Oncotarget Gene, Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Shipeng Chen
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
- Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Yumei Duan
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
- Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Hongyu Deng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
- Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Oncotarget Gene, Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Faqing Tang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
- Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Oncotarget Gene, Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
- Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Ming Zhou
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China.
- Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China.
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Oncotarget Gene, Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China.
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Wu X, Chen H, Li K, Zhang H, Li K, Tan H. The biological function of the N6-Methyladenosine reader YTHDC2 and its role in diseases. J Transl Med 2024; 22:490. [PMID: 38790013 PMCID: PMC11119022 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05293-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) stands as the most prevalent modified form of RNA in eukaryotes, pivotal in various biological processes such as regulating RNA stability, translation, and transcription. All members within the YT521-B homology (YTH) gene family are categorized as m6A reading proteins, capable of identifying and binding m6A modifications on RNA, thereby regulating RNA metabolism and functioning across diverse physiological processes. YTH domain-containing 2 (YTHDC2), identified as the latest member of the YTH family, has only recently started to emerge for its biological function. Numerous studies have underscored the significance of YTHDC2 in human physiology, highlighting its involvement in both tumor progression and non-tumor diseases. Consequently, this review aims to further elucidate the pathological mechanisms of YTHDC2 by summarizing its functions and roles in tumors and other diseases, with a particular focus on its downstream molecular targets and signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xudong Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Third Hospital of Changsha, Changsha, 410015, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Third Hospital of Changsha, Changsha, 410015, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Third Hospital of Changsha, Changsha, 410015, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Third Hospital of Changsha, Changsha, 410015, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Xiangxi Autonomous Prefecture People's Hospital, Jishou, 410015, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Haoyu Tan
- Department of Cardio-vascular Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
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蒋 婷, 张 学, 许 文. [The Roles of N 6-Methyladenosine Modification and Its Regulators in Male Reproduction]. SICHUAN DA XUE XUE BAO. YI XUE BAN = JOURNAL OF SICHUAN UNIVERSITY. MEDICAL SCIENCE EDITION 2024; 55:527-534. [PMID: 38948273 PMCID: PMC11211765 DOI: 10.12182/20240560103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Infertility affects an estimated 10 to 15 percent of couples worldwide, with approximately half of the cases attributed to male-related issues. Most men diagnosed with infertility exhibit symptoms such as oligospermia, asthenospermia, azoospermia, and compromised sperm quality. Spermatogenesis is a complex and tightly coordinated process of germ cell differentiation, precisely regulated at transcriptional, posttranscriptional, and translational levels to ensure stage-specific gene expression during the development of spermatogenic cells and normal spermiogenesis. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) stands out as the most prevalent modification on eukaryotic mRNA, playing pivotal roles in various biological processes, including mRNA splicing, transportation, and translation. RNA methylation modification is a dynamic and reversible process primarily mediated by "writers", removed by "erasers", and recognized by "readers". In mammals, the aberrant methylation modification of m6A on mRNA is associated with a variety of diseases, including male infertility. However, the precise involvement of disrupted m6A modification in the pathogenesis of human male infertility remains unresolved. Intriguingly, a significant correlation has been found between the expression levels of m6A regulators in the testis and the severity of sperm concentration, motility, and morphology. Aberrant expression patterns of m6A regulatory proteins have been detected in anomalous human semen samples, including those of oligospermia, asthenozoospermia, and azoospermia. Furthermore, the examination of both sperm samples and testicular tissues revealed abnormal mRNA m6A modification, leading to reduced sperm motility and concentration in infertile men. Consequently, it is hypothesized that dysregulation of m6A modification might serve as an integral link in the mechanism of male infertility. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the recent discoveries regarding the spatial and temporal expression dynamics of m6A regulators in testicular tissues and the correlation between deregulated m6A regulators and human male infertility. Previous studies predominantly utilized constitutive or conditional knockout animal models for testicular phenotypic investigations. However, gene suppression in additional tissues could potentially influence the testis in constitutive knockout models. Furthermore, considering the compromised spermatogenesis observed in constitutive animals, distinguishing between the indirect effects of gene depletion on testicular development and its direct impact on the spermatogenic process is challenging, due to their intricate relationship. Such confounding factors might compromise the validity of the findings. To address this challenge, an inducible and conditional gene knockout model may serve as a superior approach. To date, nearly all reported studies have concentrated solely on the level changes of m6A and its regulators in germs cells, while the understanding of the function of m6A modification in testicular somatic cells remains limited. Testicular somatic cells, including peritubular myoid cells, Sertoli cells, and Leydig cells, play indispensable roles during spermatogenesis. Hence, comprehensive exploration of m6A modification within these cells as an additional crucial regulatory mechanism is warranted. In addition, exploration into the presence of unique methylation mechanisms or m6A regulatory factors within the testes is warranted. To elucidate the role of m6A modification in germ cells and testicular somatic cells, detailed experimental strategies need to be implemented. Among them, manipulation of the levels of key enzymes involved in m6A methylation and demethylation might be the most effective approach. Moreover, comprehensive analysis of the gene expression profiles involved in various signaling pathways, such as Wnt/β-catenin, Ras/MAPK, and Hippo, in m6A-modified germ cells and testicular somatic cells can provide more insight into its regulatory role in the spermatogenesis process. Further research in this area could provide valuable insights for developing innovative strategies to treat male infertility. Finally, considering the mitigation impact of m6A imbalance regulation on disease, investigation concerning whether restoring the equilibrium of m6A modification regulation can restore normal spermatogenesis function is essential, potentially elucidating the pivotal clinical significance of m6A modulation in male infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- 婷 蒋
- 四川大学华西第二医院 生殖遗传与表观遗传调控研究室 (成都 610041)Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics and Epigenetic Regulatio, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- 出生缺陷与相关妇儿疾病教育部重点实验室(四川大学) (成都 610041)Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of the Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - 学广 张
- 四川大学华西第二医院 生殖遗传与表观遗传调控研究室 (成都 610041)Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics and Epigenetic Regulatio, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- 出生缺陷与相关妇儿疾病教育部重点实验室(四川大学) (成都 610041)Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of the Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - 文明 许
- 四川大学华西第二医院 生殖遗传与表观遗传调控研究室 (成都 610041)Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics and Epigenetic Regulatio, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- 出生缺陷与相关妇儿疾病教育部重点实验室(四川大学) (成都 610041)Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of the Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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8
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Huang R, Kang T, Chen S. The role of tumor-associated macrophages in tumor immune evasion. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2024; 150:238. [PMID: 38713256 PMCID: PMC11076352 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-024-05777-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumor growth is closely linked to the activities of various cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME), particularly immune cells. During tumor progression, circulating monocytes and macrophages are recruited, altering the TME and accelerating growth. These macrophages adjust their functions in response to signals from tumor and stromal cells. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), similar to M2 macrophages, are key regulators in the TME. METHODS We review the origins, characteristics, and functions of TAMs within the TME. This analysis includes the mechanisms through which TAMs facilitate immune evasion and promote tumor metastasis. Additionally, we explore potential therapeutic strategies that target TAMs. RESULTS TAMs are instrumental in mediating tumor immune evasion and malignant behaviors. They release cytokines that inhibit effector immune cells and attract additional immunosuppressive cells to the TME. TAMs primarily target effector T cells, inducing exhaustion directly, influencing activity indirectly through cellular interactions, or suppressing through immune checkpoints. Additionally, TAMs are directly involved in tumor proliferation, angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis. Developing innovative tumor-targeted therapies and immunotherapeutic strategies is currently a promising focus in oncology. Given the pivotal role of TAMs in immune evasion, several therapeutic approaches have been devised to target them. These include leveraging epigenetics, metabolic reprogramming, and cellular engineering to repolarize TAMs, inhibiting their recruitment and activity, and using TAMs as drug delivery vehicles. Although some of these strategies remain distant from clinical application, we believe that future therapies targeting TAMs will offer significant benefits to cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruizhe Huang
- Department of Oncology, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Ting Kang
- Department of Oncology, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Siyu Chen
- Department of Oncology, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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Zhou Q, Song W, Li X, Lin J, Zhu C, Cao L, Li W, Lin S. N6-Methyladenosine reader HNRNPC-mediated downregulation of circITCH prevents miR-224-3p sequestering and contributes to tumorigenesis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2024; 39:2893-2907. [PMID: 38299319 DOI: 10.1002/tox.24139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND N6-Methyladenosine (m6A) RNA methylation modulators are implicated in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Circular RNAs (circRNAs) stimulate/inhibit the development of NPC by sponging microRNAs (miRNAs). Herein, m6A modifications affecting the circRNA/miRNA axis in NPC were explored. METHODS Twenty prognostic m6A RNA methylation regulators were identified from 504 head/neck squamous cell carcinoma and 44 normal samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Differentially expressed miRNAs were screened from the TCGA and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. RNA-binding protein (RBP)-circRNA and circRNA-miRNA interactive pairs were verified using RBPmap and RNAhybrid, respectively. The RBP/circRNA/miRNA network was constructed using Cytoscape. Furthermore, CircITCH (hsa_circ_00059948), HNRNPC, and miR-224-3p expressions were detected by western blotting and quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The role of circITCH in NPC was examined using apoptosis, scratch wound healing, transwell invasion, and cell counting kit-8 assays. Finally, CircITCH-miR-224-3p and circITCH-HNRNPC interactions were assessed by dual-luciferase reporter and RNA-immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays, respectively. RESULTS Bioinformatics analysis revealed that high pathological grade, late-stage tumors, and low survival were associated with increased HNRNPC expression. MiR-224-3p was upregulated in NPC and sequestered by circITCH. Construction of the RBP/circRNA/miRNA network highlighted the HNRNPC/circITCH/miR-224-3p axis. In vitro experiments demonstrated decreased circITCH expression and increased HNRNPC and miR-224-3p expressions in NPC. In NPC cells overexpressing circITCH, HNRNPC and miR-224-3p expressions were significantly decreased. Dual-luciferase assays demonstrated a targeting relationship between circITCH and miR-224-3p, and RIP assays demonstrated interaction of HNRNPC targets with circITCH. CONCLUSION CircITCH overexpression inhibited NPC progression by sequestering miR-224-3p, and HNRNPC reduced circITCH expression through direct interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhou
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University (Ruian People's Hospital), Wenzhou, China
| | - Wei Song
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University (Ruian People's Hospital), Wenzhou, China
| | - Xianhui Li
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University (Ruian People's Hospital), Wenzhou, China
| | - Jinyan Lin
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University (Ruian People's Hospital), Wenzhou, China
| | - Chuansai Zhu
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University (Ruian People's Hospital), Wenzhou, China
| | - Longhe Cao
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University (Ruian People's Hospital), Wenzhou, China
| | - Wanqing Li
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University (Ruian People's Hospital), Wenzhou, China
| | - Sen Lin
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University (Ruian People's Hospital), Wenzhou, China
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10
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Hu J, Wang S, Li X. A comprehensive review of m 6A research in cervical cancer. Epigenomics 2024:1-21. [PMID: 38639713 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2024-0002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer (CC) remains one of the most common malignancies among women worldwide, posing a serious threat to women's health. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification, as the most abundant type of RNA methylation modification, and has been found to play a crucial role in various cancers. Current research suggests a close association between RNA m6A modification and the occurrence and progression of CC, encompassing disruptions in m6A levels and its regulatory machinery. This review summarizes the current status of m6A modification research in CC, explores the mechanisms underlying m6A levels and regulators (methyltransferases, demethylases, reader proteins) in CC and examines the application of small-molecule inhibitors of m6A regulators in disease treatment. The findings provide new insights into the future treatment of CC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Hu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine & Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shizhi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine & Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiuting Li
- Department of Public Health, Jiangsu Health Vocational College, Nanjing, 210000, China
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11
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Zhao Y, Huang J, Zhao K, Li M, Wang S. Ubiquitination and deubiquitination in the regulation of N 6-methyladenosine functional molecules. J Mol Med (Berl) 2024; 102:337-351. [PMID: 38289385 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-024-02417-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
N6 methyladenosine (m6A) is the most prevalent RNA epigenetic modification, regulated by methyltransferases and demethyltransferases and recognized by methylation-related reading proteins to impact mRNA splicing, translocation, stability, and translation efficiency. It significantly affects a variety of activities, including stem cell maintenance and differentiation, tumor formation, immune regulation, and metabolic disorders. Ubiquitination refers to the specific modification of target proteins by ubiquitin molecule in response to a series of enzymes. E3 ligases connect ubiquitin to target proteins and usually lead to protein degradation. On the contrary, deubiquitination induced by deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs) can separate ubiquitin and regulate the stability of protein. Recent studies have emphasized the potential importance of ubiquitination and deubiquitination in controlling the function of m6A modification. In this review, we discuss the impact of ubiquitination and deubiquitination on m6A functional molecules in diseases, such as metabolism, cellular stress, and tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital, Jiangsu University, Jiefang Road No 438, Zhenjiang, 212002, China
- Department of Immunology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Jiaojiao Huang
- Department of Immunology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Kexin Zhao
- Department of Immunology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Immunology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Shengjun Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital, Jiangsu University, Jiefang Road No 438, Zhenjiang, 212002, China.
- Department of Immunology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.
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12
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Lu W, Yang X, Zhong W, Chen G, Guo X, Ye Q, Xu Y, Qi Z, Ye Y, Zhang J, Wang Y, Wang X, Wang S, Zhao Q, Zeng W, Huang J, Ma H, Xie J. METTL14-mediated m6A epitranscriptomic modification contributes to chemotherapy-induced neuropathic pain by stabilizing GluN2A expression via IGF2BP2. J Clin Invest 2024; 134:e174847. [PMID: 38319733 PMCID: PMC10940092 DOI: 10.1172/jci174847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Epigenetics is a biological process that modifies and regulates gene expression, affects neuronal function, and contributes to pain. However, the mechanism by which epigenetics facilitates and maintains chronic pain is poorly understood. We aimed to determine whether N6-methyladenosine (m6A) specifically modified by methyltransferase-like 14 (METTL14) alters neuronal activity and governs pain by sensitizing the GluN2A subunit of the N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) in the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons in a model of chemotherapy-induced neuropathic pain (CINP). Using dot blotting, immunofluorescence, gain/loss-of-function, and behavioral assays, we found that m6A levels were upregulated in L4-L6 DRG neurons in CINP in a DBP/METTL14-dependent manner, which was also confirmed in human DRGs. Blocking METTL14 reduced m6A methylation and attenuated pain hypersensitivity. Mechanistically, METTL14-mediated m6A modification facilitated the synaptic plasticity of DRG neurons by enhancing the GluN2A subunit of NMDAR, and inhibiting METTL14 blocked this effect. In contrast, overexpression of METTL14 upregulated m6A modifications, enhanced presynaptic NMDAR activity in DRG neurons, and facilitated pain sensation. Our findings reveal a previously unrecognized mechanism of METTL14-mediated m6A modification in DRG neurons to maintain neuropathic pain. Targeting these molecules may provide a new strategy for pain treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weicheng Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaohua Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Weiqiang Zhong
- Department of Anesthesiology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Guojun Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xinqi Guo
- Department of Physiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Qingqing Ye
- Department of Anesthesiology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yixin Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhenhua Qi
- Department of Anesthesiology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yaqi Ye
- Department of Anesthesiology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jingyun Zhang
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuge Wang
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xintong Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shu Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qiyue Zhao
- Department of Physiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Weian Zeng
- Department of Anesthesiology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Junting Huang
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Huijie Ma
- Department of Physiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Jingdun Xie
- Department of Anesthesiology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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13
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Qian S, Liu J, Liao W, Wang F. METTL14 drives growth and metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer by regulating pri-miR-93-5p maturation and TXNIP expression. Genes Genomics 2024; 46:213-229. [PMID: 37594665 DOI: 10.1007/s13258-023-01436-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a prevalent and aggressive malignancy responsible for a significant number of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Unraveling the molecular mechanisms governing NSCLC growth and metastasis is crucial for the identification of novel therapeutic targets and the development of effective anti-cancer strategies. One such mechanism of interest is the involvement of METTL14, an RNA methyltransferase implicated in various cellular processes, in NSCLC progression. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to investigate the role of METTL14 in NSCLC development and metastasis and to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms. By understanding the impact of METTL14 on NSCLC pathogenesis, the study aimed to identify potential avenues for targeted therapies in NSCLC treatment. METHODS We used bioinformatics and high-throughput transcriptome sequencing analyses to screen regulatory mechanisms affecting NSCLC. The Kaplan-Meier method assessed the correlation between METTL14 expression and the prognosis of NSCLC patients. The effects of manipulated METTL14 on malignant phenotypes of NSCLC cells were examined by colony formation assay, flow cytometry, scratch assay, and Transwell assay. The tumorigenic capacity and metastatic potential of NSCLC cells in vivo were evaluated in nude mice. RESULTS METTL14 was overexpressed in NSCLC tissues and cell lines. Its high expression indicated a poor prognosis for NSCLC patients. METTL14 silencing promoted apoptosis and repressed proliferation, migration, and invasion of NSCLC cells. miR-93-5p targeted and inhibited TXNIP. METTL14 increased miR-93-5p expression and matured pri-miR-93-5p through m6A alteration to inhibit TXNIP, thereby inhibiting NSCLC cell apoptosis. By controlling the miR-93-5p/TXNIP axis, METTL14 increased the tumorigenic potential and lung metastasis of NSCLC cells in nude mice. CONCLUSION This study revealed a role for METTL14 in the contribution to NSCLC development and metastasis and identified METTL14 as a potential target for NSCLC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Qian
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, No. 100, Minjiang Avenue, Kecheng District, Quzhou, 324000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, No. 100, Minjiang Avenue, Kecheng District, Quzhou, 324000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenliang Liao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, No. 100, Minjiang Avenue, Kecheng District, Quzhou, 324000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Fengping Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, No. 100, Minjiang Avenue, Kecheng District, Quzhou, 324000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
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14
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Yu L, Gao Y, Bao Q, Xu M, Lu J, Du W. Effects of N6-methyladenosine modification on metabolic reprogramming in digestive tract tumors. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24414. [PMID: 38293446 PMCID: PMC10826742 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A), the most abundant RNA modification within cells, participates in various biological and pathological processes, including self-renewal, invasion and proliferation, drug resistance, and stem cell characteristics. The m6A methylation plays a crucial role in tumors by regulating multiple RNA processes such as transcription, processing, and translation. Three protein types are primarily involved in m6A methylation: methyltransferases (such as METTL3, METTL14, ZC3H13, and KIAA1429), demethylases (such as FTO, ALKBH5), and RNA-binding proteins (such as the family of YTHDF, YTHDC1, YTHDC2, and IGF2BPs). Various metabolic pathways are reprogrammed in digestive tumors to meet the heightened growth demands and sustain cellular functionality. Recent studies have highlighted the extensive impact of m6A on the regulation of digestive tract tumor metabolism, further modulating tumor initiation and progression. Our review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the expression patterns, functional roles, and regulatory mechanisms of m6A in digestive tract tumor metabolism-related molecules and pathways. The characterization of expression profiles of m6A regulatory factors and in-depth studies on m6A methylation in digestive system tumors may provide new directions for clinical prediction and innovative therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Yu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Qiongling Bao
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Min Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Juan Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Weibo Du
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
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15
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Yu YM, Hu Y. The m6A reader HNRNPC predicts adverse prognosis and promotes the progression of colorectal cancer. Technol Health Care 2024; 32:1445-1453. [PMID: 37661903 DOI: 10.3233/thc-230429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As a critical m6A RNA methylation regulator, HNRNPC has been revealed to serve as potential biomarkers in various human cancers. The specific expression and significance of HNRNPC in colorectal cancer remain unknown. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to confirm HNRNPC expression level and evaluate its function in colorectal cancer progression. METHODS 101 paired tissue samples were collected from colorectal cancer patients. HNRNPC levels in colorectal cancer were detected using PCR. CCK8 and transwell assays were conducted to estimate the effect of HNRNPC on cell growth and metastasis with the regulation of HNRNPC by cell transfection. RESULTS Upregulated HNRNPC was observed in colorectal cancer compared with normal tissues and cells. The higher HNRNPC levels in tumor tissues were associated with the advanced TNM stage and positive lymph node metastasis. Meanwhile, HNRNPC upregulation could indicate adverse outcomes of colorectal cancer patients. In vitro, the knockdown of HNRNPC significantly suppressed the proliferation, migration, and invasion of colorectal cancer cells. CONCLUSIONS Upregulated HNRNPC served as a biomarker for the prognosis and development of colorectal cancer, which provides a novel therapeutic target for colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Ming Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jiangxi Province Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yang Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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16
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Xu Y, Liu W, Ren L. Emerging roles and mechanism of m6A methylation in rheumatoid arthritis. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 170:116066. [PMID: 38157641 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.116066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a multifaceted autoimmune disease characterized by systemic inflammation, affecting both articular and extra-articular structures. This condition results in inflammation of joints and synovial membranes, accompanied by the development of systemic comorbidities. Despite extensive research, the precise pathogenic mechanisms responsible for RA have yet to be completely understood. RNA methylation, a burgeoning epigenetic alteration, assumes a pivotal function in the regulation of a myriad of biological phenomena, encompassing immunity, DNA damage response, tumorigenesis, metastasis, stem cell renewal, adipocyte differentiation, circadian rhythms, cellular development and differentiation, and cell division. The N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification is the most prevalent among the various RNA modifications found in mammalian mRNA. Recent studies have provided evidence of the significant role played by m6A modification in the pathophysiological progression of RA. This review aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the progress made in research focused on m6A modification in the context of RA, consolidate the underlying mechanisms involved in m6A modification during the initiation of RA and discuss the potential of targeting m6A modification as a viable therapeutic approach for RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yayun Xu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen 518035, China
| | - Wenqiang Liu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230000, China; The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei 230000, China
| | - Lijie Ren
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen 518035, China.
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Zhao M, Li P, Qiao D, Hua S, Yue Q, Dai Y, Huang Y, Jiang J, Yin H, Li M, Ding Y, Yang X, Ma Y, Ding K, Zeng L. N6-methyladenosine modification of TSC1 mRNA contributes to macrophage polarization regulated by Coptisine in DSS-induced ulcerative colitis. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 122:155153. [PMID: 38014839 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a global refractory disease characterized by recurrent episodes. Coptisine (COP) is an isoquinoline alkaloid derived from Coptis chinensis, which has strong anti-inflammatory activity. Macrophages are key cells mediating inflammation. It is reported that N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA methylation regulates the polarization of macrophages and affects the development of inflammation. COP exerts an exact inhibitory effect on macrophages inflammation, while the specific mechanism remains unclear. The current study is designed to conduct a further investigation into the protective mechanism of COP against dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) -induced UC in mice. METHODS Using a DSS-induced UC model, we evaluated the pharmacodynamic effect of COP on UC mice, and verified the regulatory mechanism of COP on macrophage polarization in vivo and in vitro. The methylation level of m6A was detected by methylated RNA immunoprecipitation sequence (MeRIP) -qPCR, and the expression level of Methyltransferase Like (METTL)14 was determined by western blotting. Then METTL14 was knocked down in macrophages, and its effects on Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC1) mRNA and m6A methylation regulation were observed. RESULTS COP improved the symptoms, alleviated tissue damage and reduced inflammation levels in DSS-induced UC mice. COP increased TSC1 expression, inhibited the Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MEK) / Extracellular regulated protein kinases (ERK) signaling pathway, and thus inhibited macrophage M1 polarization, whereas COP increased CCAAT Enhancer Binding Protein beta (c/EBPβ) expression, and thus promoted macrophage M2 polarization. COP also significantly increased the expression of METTL14, which enhanced m6A methylation and ultimately improved the stability of TSC1 mRNA. CONCLUSIONS COP was effective in treating UC and could regulate the polarization of macrophages. The possible mechanisms might be related to m6A modification-mediated TSC1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhao
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center of TCM External Medication Development and Application, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Peiyi Li
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Dan Qiao
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Siyi Hua
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Qiyu Yue
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yuxin Dai
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yuqiu Huang
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jiaxin Jiang
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Huiting Yin
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Meng Li
- Nanjing hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210022, China
| | - Yang Ding
- Nanjing hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210022, China
| | - Xu Yang
- Nanjing hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210022, China
| | - Yong Ma
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Kang Ding
- Nanjing hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210022, China.
| | - Li Zeng
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, China; Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center of TCM External Medication Development and Application, Nanjing 210023, China; The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
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18
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Chen Y, Jiang Z, Yang Y, Zhang C, Liu H, Wan J. The functions and mechanisms of post-translational modification in protein regulators of RNA methylation: Current status and future perspectives. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:126773. [PMID: 37690652 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
RNA methylation, an epigenetic modification that does not alter gene sequence, may be important to diverse biological processes. Protein regulators of RNA methylation include "writers," "erasers," and "readers," which respectively deposit, remove, and recognize methylated RNA. RNA methylation, particularly N6-methyladenosine (m6A), 5-methylcytosine (m5C), N3-methylcytosine (m3C), N1-methyladenosine (m1A) and N7-methylguanosine (m7G), has been suggested as disease therapeutic targets. Despite advances in the structure and pharmacology of RNA methylation regulators that have improved drug discovery, regulating these proteins by various post-translational modifications (PTMs) has received little attention. PTM modifies protein structure and function, affecting all aspects of normal biology and pathogenesis, including immunology, cell differentiation, DNA damage repair, and tumors. It is becoming evident that RNA methylation regulators are also regulated by diverse PTMs. PTM of RNA methylation regulators induces their covalent linkage to new functional groups, hence modifying their activity and function. Mass spectrometry has identified many PTMs on protein regulators of RNA methylation. In this review, we describe the functions and PTM of protein regulators of RNA methylation and summarize the recent advances in the regulatory mode of human disease and its underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youming Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zuli Jiang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Ying Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Chenxing Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Hongyang Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
| | - Junhu Wan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
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Chen Y, Wang W, Zhang W, He M, Li Y, Qu G, Tong J. Emerging roles of biological m 6A proteins in regulating virus infection: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:126934. [PMID: 37722640 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most prevalent chemical modifications of intracellular RNA, which recently emerging as a multifaceted effector of viral genomic RNA. As a dynamic process, three groups of biological proteins control the levels of m6A modification in eukaryocyte, designed as m6A writers, erasers, and readers. The m6A writers comprising of methyltransferases complex initiate the modification process. On the contrary, the m6A erasers ALKBH5 or FTO abolish the modification through three-step demethylation: m6A to N6-hydroxymethyl adenosine (hm6A), then hm6A to N6-methyladenosine (f6A), and finally f6A to adenosine. The known m6A readers include the YTH family and the hnRNP family. As m6A modification regulates RNA nuclear exportation, stability, and translation, m6A proteins commonly participate in virus infection by regulating viral genomic RNA synthesis. Moreover, m6A proteins establish molecular linkages between virus genome/viral encode proteins and host cells proteins via their multifunctional roles in cellular RNA metabolism. The m6A writers and erasers directly impact interferon expression and macrophage innate immune responses, facilitating them to act as anti-/pro-viral factors. The m6A readers enable to alter cell metabolism and stress granules (SGs) production to regulate virus-host interactions. Here, the latest progress of m6A proteins in regulating viral infection is reviewed. Demonstrating the roles of m6A proteins will enhance the understanding of epigenetic regulation of virus infection and stimulate the development of novel antiviral strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuran Chen
- College of Life Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China; Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Wenjing Wang
- College of Life Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China; Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Wuchao Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Mei He
- College of Life Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China; Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Yuming Li
- School of Public Health, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Ji'nan 250117, China; Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases in Universities of Shandong, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Tai'an 271000, China.
| | - Guosheng Qu
- College of Life Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China; Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China.
| | - Jie Tong
- College of Life Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China; Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China.
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Peng C, Xiong F, Pu X, Hu Z, Yang Y, Qiao X, Jiang Y, Han M, Wang D, Li X. m 6A methylation modification and immune cell infiltration: implications for targeting the catalytic subunit m 6A-METTL complex in gastrointestinal cancer immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1326031. [PMID: 38187373 PMCID: PMC10768557 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1326031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methylation modification is a ubiquitous RNA modification involved in the regulation of various cellular processes, including regulation of RNA stability, metabolism, splicing and translation. Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers are some of the world's most common and fatal cancers. Emerging evidence has shown that m6A modification is dynamically regulated by a complex network of enzymes and that the catalytic subunit m6A-METTL complex (MAC)-METTL3/14, a core component of m6A methyltransferases, participates in the development and progression of GI cancers. Furthermore, it has been shown that METTL3/14 modulates immune cell infiltration in an m6A-dependent manner in TIME (Tumor immune microenvironment), thereby altering the response of cancer cells to ICIs (Immune checkpoint inhibitors). Immunotherapy has emerged as a promising approach for treating GI cancers. Moreover, targeting the expression of METTL3/14 and its downstream genes may improve patient response to immunotherapy. Therefore, understanding the role of MAC in the pathogenesis of GI cancers and its impact on immune cell infiltration may provide new insights into the development of effective therapeutic strategies for GI cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Peng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Fen Xiong
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Xi Pu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhangmin Hu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yufei Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Xuehan Qiao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yuchun Jiang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Miao Han
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Deqiang Wang
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Xiaoqin Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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Wang Y, Wang C, Guan X, Ma Y, Zhang S, Li F, Yin Y, Sun Z, Chen X, Yin H. PRMT3-Mediated Arginine Methylation of METTL14 Promotes Malignant Progression and Treatment Resistance in Endometrial Carcinoma. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2303812. [PMID: 37973560 PMCID: PMC10754120 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202303812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Protein arginine methyltransferase (PRMT) plays essential roles in tumor initiation and progression, but its underlying mechanisms in the treatment sensitivity of endometrial cancer (EC) remain unclear and warrant further investigation. Here, a comprehensive analysis of the Cancer Genome Atlas database and Clinical Proteomic Tumor Analysis Consortium database identifies that PRMT3 plays an important role in EC. Specifically, further experiments show that PRMT3 inhibition enhances the susceptibility of EC cells to ferroptosis. Mechanistically, PRMT3 interacts with Methyltransferase 14 (METTL14) and is involved in its arginine methylation. In addition, PRMT3 inhibition-mediated METTL14 overexpression promotes methylation modification via an m6 A-YTHDF2-dependent mechanism, reducing Glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) mRNA stability, increasing lipid peroxidation levels, and accelerating ferroptosis. Notably, combined PRMT3 blockade and anti-PD-1 therapy display more potent antitumor effects by accelerating ferroptosis in cell-derived xenograft models. The specific PRMT3 inhibitor SGC707 exerts the same immunotherapeutic sensitizing effect in a patient-derived xenograft model. Notably, blocking PRMT3 improves tumor suppression in response to cisplatin and radiation therapy. Altogether, this work demonstrates that PRMT3 depletion is a promising target for EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiru Wang
- Department of Gynecologic OncologyHarbin Medical University Cancer HospitalHarbinHeilongjiang150000China
| | - Can Wang
- Department of Gynecologic OncologyHarbin Medical University Cancer HospitalHarbinHeilongjiang150000China
| | - Xue Guan
- Animal Laboratory CenterThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityHarbinHeilongjiang150000China
| | - Ying Ma
- Department of Gynecologic OncologyHarbin Medical University Cancer HospitalHarbinHeilongjiang150000China
| | - Shijie Zhang
- Department of Radiation OncologyHarbin Medical University Cancer HospitalHarbinHeilongjiang150000China
| | - Fei Li
- Department of Gynecologic OncologyHarbin Medical University Cancer HospitalHarbinHeilongjiang150000China
| | - Yue Yin
- Department of Gynecologic OncologyHarbin Medical University Cancer HospitalHarbinHeilongjiang150000China
| | - Zhenxing Sun
- Department of Gynecologic OncologyHarbin Medical University Cancer HospitalHarbinHeilongjiang150000China
| | - Xiuwei Chen
- Department of Gynecologic OncologyHarbin Medical University Cancer HospitalHarbinHeilongjiang150000China
| | - Hang Yin
- Department of Radiation OncologyHarbin Medical University Cancer HospitalHarbinHeilongjiang150000China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Molecular Probes and Targeted Diagnosis and TherapyHarbin Medical UniversityHarbinHeilongjiang150000China
- Department of Health Technology and InformaticsHong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong Kong27665111China
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Ye W, Lv X, Gao S, Li Y, Luan J, Wang S. Emerging role of m6A modification in fibrotic diseases and its potential therapeutic effect. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 218:115873. [PMID: 37884198 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Fibrosis can occur in a variety of organs such as the heart, lung, liver and kidney, and its pathological changes are mainly manifested by an increase in fibrous connective tissue and a decrease in parenchymal cells in organ tissues, and continuous progression can lead to structural damage and organ hypofunction, or even failure, seriously threatening human health and life. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification, as one of the most common types of internal modifications of RNA in eukaryotes, exerts a multifunctional role in physiological and pathological processes by regulating the metabolism of RNA. With the in-depth understanding and research of fibrosis, we found that m6A modification plays an important role in fibrosis, and m6A regulators can further participate in the pathophysiological process of fibrosis by regulating the function of specific cells. In our review, we summarized the latest research advances in m6A modification in fibrosis, as well as the specific functions of different m6A regulators. In addition, we focused on the mechanisms and roles of m6A modification in cardiac fibrosis, liver fibrosis, pulmonary fibrosis, renal fibrosis, retinal fibrosis and oral submucosal fibrosis, with the aim of providing new insights and references for finding potential therapeutic targets for fibrosis. Finally, we discussed the prospects and challenges of targeted m6A modification in the treatment of fibrotic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wufei Ye
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College), Wuhu, Anhui Province, China
| | - Xiongwen Lv
- The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, School of Pharmacy, Institute for Liver Disease of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Songsen Gao
- Department of Orthopedics (Spinal Surgery), The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Yueran Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College), Wuhu, Anhui Province, China
| | - Jiajie Luan
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College), Wuhu, Anhui Province, China
| | - Sheng Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College), Wuhu, Anhui Province, China.
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Wang Z, Dai F, Liu H, Cheng Y. Recognition of the Subtypes Classification and Diagnostic Signature Based on RNA N6-Methyladenosine Regulators in Recurrent Spontaneous Abortion. Reprod Sci 2023; 30:3537-3547. [PMID: 37488406 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-023-01271-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) is a common reproductive disease in female patients that seriously affects the quality of life of patients. N6-methyladenosine (m6A), as the most common modification, plays an important role in various biological behaviors; however, the relationship between m6A and RSA is still unknown. In the present study, we utilized RNA sequencing data and clinical information of RSA patients and normal women in the GEO database to identify the expression profiles of m6A regulators in RSA. Based on the m6A regulators' expression profiles, we constructed a random forest model consisting of 4 genes to predict the prevalence of RSA patients, including FMR1, METTL14, LRPPRC, and RBMX. The predictive performance of the nomogram was constructed and validated. Not only that, consensus clustering was performed to divide RSA patients into 3 clusters based on the expression of m6A regulators and calculated the m6A scores and immune infiltration of patients in different clusters. It was found that the TH1-type immune response was dominant in the A cluster, the B-type immune activity was poor, and the C cluster was the strongest. In addition, on the basis of m6A typing, we further used the differentially expressed genes between clusters to perform consensus clustering verification, and the results were consistent with the previous findings. In conclusion, the m6A regulators played an indispensable role in the occurrence of RSA, and the m6A-based typing could effectively identify the immune characteristics of different RSA patients to a certain extent, providing a new direction and strategy for the diagnosis and treatment of RSA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zitao Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Fangfang Dai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Hua Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| | - Yanxiang Cheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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Xie J, Gan L, Xue B, Wang X, Pei X. Emerging roles of interactions between ncRNAs and other epigenetic modifications in breast cancer. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1264090. [PMID: 37901333 PMCID: PMC10602744 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1264090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Up till the present moment, breast cancer is still the leading cause of cancer-related death in women worldwide. Although the treatment methods and protocols for breast cancer are constantly improving, the long-term prognosis of patients is still not optimistic due to the complex heterogeneity of the disease, multi-organ metastasis, chemotherapy and radiotherapy resistance. As a newly discovered class of non-coding RNAs, ncRNAs play an important role in various cancers. Especially in breast cancer, lncRNAs have received extensive attention and have been confirmed to regulate cancer progression through a variety of pathways. Meanwhile, the study of epigenetic modification, including DNA methylation, RNA methylation and histone modification, has developed rapidly in recent years, which has greatly promoted the attention to the important role of non-coding RNAs in breast cancer. In this review, we carefully and comprehensively describe the interactions between several major classes of epigenetic modifications and ncRNAs, as well as their different subsequent biological effects, and discuss their potential for practical clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Xinhong Pei
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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25
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Xiong X, Xiong H, Peng J, Liu Y, Zong Y. METTL3 Regulates the m 6A Modification of NEK7 to Inhibit the Formation of Osteoarthritis. Cartilage 2023:19476035231200336. [PMID: 37724835 DOI: 10.1177/19476035231200336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common degenerative joint disease. The occurrence of OA slowly destroys the soft tissue structure of the patient's joint. Severe cases could lead to disability. Current studies had shown that inhibition of chondrocytes pyroptosis could slow down the progression of OA. Our work aimed to explore the specific mechanisms and ways of regulating this process. DESIGN In this work, the level of N6-methyladenosine (m6A) in clinical tissues was detected by ribonucleic acid (RNA) m6A dot blot. qRT-PCR (quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction) was used to detect the messenger RNA (mRNA) expression level of m6A modified enzyme in clinical tissues. MTT (3-(4,5)-dimethylthiahiazo(-z-y1)-3,5-di-phenytetrazoliumromid) and flow cytometry were used to detect the effect of sh-METTL3 (methyltransferase like 3) and NIMA-related kinase 7 (NEK7) transfection on chondrocytes pyroptosis in OA. Western blot was used to detect the protein expression levels of pyroptosis-related proteins. ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) was used to measure the protein concentration of inflammatory cytokines. The SRAMP online database was used to predict the m6A site of NEK7. HE staining was used to assess the progression of OA in mice. RESULTS The level of m6A in clinical samples of OA patients was higher, and METTL3 was significantly higher expressed in clinical samples of OA patients. We provided evidence that low expression of METTL3 inhibited chondrocytes pyroptosis. In addition, Rescue experiments and in vivo experiments had shown that METTL3 in combination with NEK7 inhibited the progression of OA by promoting chondrocytes pyroptosis. CONCLUSIONS METTL3 regulates m6A modification of NEK7 and inhibits OA progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochuan Xiong
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Xiong
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Peng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingjie Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Zong
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Hu J, Lin H, Wang C, Su Q, Cao B. METTL14‑mediated RNA methylation in digestive system tumors. Int J Mol Med 2023; 52:86. [PMID: 37539726 PMCID: PMC10555478 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2023.5289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
N6‑methyladenosine (m6A) RNA methylation is one of the most common post‑transcriptional modification mechanism in eukaryotes. m6A is involved in almost all stages of the mRNA life cycle, specifically regulating its stability, splicing, export and translation. Methyltransferase‑like 14 (METTL14) is a particularly important m6A methylation 'writer' that can recognize RNA substrates. METTL14 has been documented to improve the activity and catalytic efficiency of METTL3. However, as individual proteins they can also regulate different biological processes. Malignancies in the digestive system are some of the most common malignancies found in humans, which are typically associated with poor prognoses with limited clinical solutions. METTL14‑mediated methylation has been implicated in both the potentiation and inhibition of digestive system tumor growth, cell invasion and metastasis, in addition to drug resistance. In the present review, the research progress and regulatory mechanisms of METTL14‑mediated methylation in digestive system malignancies were summarized. In addition, future research directions and the potential for its clinical application were examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiexuan Hu
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Haishan Lin
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Cong Wang
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Qiang Su
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Bangwei Cao
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
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27
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Wan X, Ge Y, Xu S, Feng Y, Zhu Y, Yin L, Pu Y, Liang G. m 6A modification and its role in neural development and neurological diseases. Epigenomics 2023; 15:819-833. [PMID: 37718929 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2023-0190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methylation, the most prevalent post-transcriptional modification in eukaryotes, represents a highly dynamic and reversible process that is regulated by m6A methyltransferases, m6A demethylases and RNA-binding proteins during RNA metabolism, which affects RNA function. Notably, m6A modification is significantly enriched in the brain and exerts regulatory roles in neurogenesis and neurodevelopment through various mechanisms, further influencing the occurrence and progression of neurological disorders. This study systematically summarizes and discusses the latest findings on common m6A regulators, examining their expression, function and mechanisms in neurodevelopment and neurological diseases. Additionally, we explore the potential of m6A modification in diagnosing and treating neurological disorders, aiming to provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms and potential therapeutic strategies for neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wan
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, PR China
| | - Yiling Ge
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, PR China
| | - Siyi Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, PR China
| | - Yanlu Feng
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, PR China
| | - Yuxin Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, PR China
| | - Lihong Yin
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, PR China
| | - Yuepu Pu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, PR China
| | - Geyu Liang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, PR China
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28
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Deng X, Qing Y, Horne D, Huang H, Chen J. The roles and implications of RNA m 6A modification in cancer. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2023; 20:507-526. [PMID: 37221357 DOI: 10.1038/s41571-023-00774-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
N6-Methyladenosine (m6A), the most prevalent internal modification in eukaryotic mRNA, has been extensively and increasingly studied over the past decade. Dysregulation of RNA m6A modification and its associated machinery, including writers, erasers and readers, is frequently observed in various cancer types, and the dysregulation profiles might serve as diagnostic, prognostic and/or predictive biomarkers. Dysregulated m6A modifiers have been shown to function as oncoproteins or tumour suppressors with essential roles in cancer initiation, progression, metastasis, metabolism, therapy resistance and immune evasion as well as in cancer stem cell self-renewal and the tumour microenvironment, highlighting the therapeutic potential of targeting the dysregulated m6A machinery for cancer treatment. In this Review, we discuss the mechanisms by which m6A modifiers determine the fate of target RNAs and thereby influence protein expression, molecular pathways and cell phenotypes. We also describe the state-of-the-art methodologies for mapping global m6A epitranscriptomes in cancer. We further summarize discoveries regarding the dysregulation of m6A modifiers and modifications in cancer, their pathological roles, and the underlying molecular mechanisms. Finally, we discuss m6A-related prognostic and predictive molecular biomarkers in cancer as well as the development of small-molecule inhibitors targeting oncogenic m6A modifiers and their activity in preclinical models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolan Deng
- Department of Systems Biology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Monrovia, CA, USA.
| | - Ying Qing
- Department of Systems Biology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Monrovia, CA, USA
| | - David Horne
- City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Huilin Huang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Jianjun Chen
- Department of Systems Biology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Monrovia, CA, USA.
- City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA.
- Gehr Family Center for Leukemia Research & City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA.
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Wang J, Wang Z, Inuzuka H, Wei W, Liu J. PRMT1 methylates METTL14 to modulate its oncogenic function. Neoplasia 2023; 42:100912. [PMID: 37269817 PMCID: PMC10248872 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2023.100912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A), the most abundant mRNA modification in mammalian cells, is responsible for mRNA stability and alternative splicing. The METTL3-METTL14-WTAP complex is the only methyltransferase for the m6A modification. Thus, regulation of its enzymatic activity is critical for the homeostasis of mRNA m6A levels in cells. However, relatively little is known about the upstream regulation of the METTL3-METTL14-WTAP complex, especially at the post-translational modification level. The C-terminal RGG repeats of METTL14 are critical for RNA binding. Therefore, modifications on these residues may play a regulatory role in its function. Arginine methylation is a post-translational modification catalyzed by protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs), among which PRMT1 preferentially methylates protein substrates with an arginine/glycine-rich motif. In addition, PRMT1 functions as a key regulator of mRNA alternative splicing, which is associated with m6A modification. To this end, we report that PRMT1 promotes the asymmetric methylation of two major arginine residues at the C-terminus of METTL14, and the reader protein SPF30 recognizes this modification. Functionally, PRMT1-mediated arginine methylation on METTL14 is likely essential for its function in catalyzing the m6A modification. Moreover, arginine methylation of METTL14 promotes cell proliferation that is antagonized by the PRMT1 inhibitor MS023. These results indicate that PRMT1 likely regulates m6A modification and promotes tumorigenesis through arginine methylation at the C-terminus of METTL14.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingchao Wang
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Zhen Wang
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Hiroyuki Inuzuka
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Wenyi Wei
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
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Xu Y, Zhang Y, Luo Y, Qiu G, Lu J, He M, Wang Y. Novel insights into the METTL3-METTL14 complex in musculoskeletal diseases. Cell Death Discov 2023; 9:170. [PMID: 37202385 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01435-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023] Open
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification, catalyzed by methyltransferase complexes (MTCs), plays many roles in multifaceted biological activities. As the most important subunit of MTCs, the METTL3-METTL14 complex is reported to be the initial factor that catalyzes the methylation of adenosines. Recently, accumulating evidence has indicated that the METTL3-METTL14 complex plays a key role in musculoskeletal diseases in an m6A-dependent or -independent manner. Although the functions of m6A modifications in a variety of musculoskeletal diseases have been widely recognized, the critical role of the METTL3-METTL14 complex in certain musculoskeletal disorders, such as osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis and osteosarcoma, has not been systematically revealed. In the current review, the structure, mechanisms and functions of the METTL3-METTL14 complex and the mechanisms and functions of its downstream pathways in the aforementioned musculoskeletal diseases are categorized and summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeqiu Xu
- Fourth Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shenyang Medical College, 110024, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanzhuang Zhang
- Fourth Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shenyang Medical College, 110024, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinzhou Luo
- Fourth Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shenyang Medical College, 110024, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Guanzhen Qiu
- Fourth Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shenyang Medical College, 110024, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Shenyang Fourth People's Hospital, China Medical University, 110031, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming He
- Department of Orthopedics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 110004, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Wang
- Fourth Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shenyang Medical College, 110024, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China.
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Cao X, Geng Q, Fan D, Wang Q, Wang X, Zhang M, Zhao L, Jiao Y, Deng T, Liu H, Zhou J, Jia L, Xiao C. m 6A methylation: a process reshaping the tumour immune microenvironment and regulating immune evasion. Mol Cancer 2023; 22:42. [PMID: 36859310 PMCID: PMC9976403 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-022-01704-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methylation is the most universal internal modification in eukaryotic mRNA. With elaborate functions executed by m6A writers, erasers, and readers, m6A modulation is involved in myriad physiological and pathological processes. Extensive studies have demonstrated m6A modulation in diverse tumours, with effects on tumorigenesis, metastasis, and resistance. Recent evidence has revealed an emerging role of m6A modulation in tumour immunoregulation, and divergent m6A methylation patterns have been revealed in the tumour microenvironment. To depict the regulatory role of m6A methylation in the tumour immune microenvironment (TIME) and its effect on immune evasion, this review focuses on the TIME, which is characterized by hypoxia, metabolic reprogramming, acidity, and immunosuppression, and outlines the m6A-regulated TIME and immune evasion under divergent stimuli. Furthermore, m6A modulation patterns in anti-tumour immune cells are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxue Cao
- grid.415954.80000 0004 1771 3349Institute of Clinical Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China ,grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Qishun Geng
- grid.415954.80000 0004 1771 3349Institute of Clinical Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China ,grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Danping Fan
- grid.410318.f0000 0004 0632 3409Beijing Key Laboratory of Research of Chinese Medicine on Prevention and Treatment for Major Diseases, Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qiong Wang
- grid.24695.3c0000 0001 1431 9176China-Japan Friendship Clinical Medical College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xing Wang
- grid.24695.3c0000 0001 1431 9176China-Japan Friendship Clinical Medical College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Mengxiao Zhang
- grid.415954.80000 0004 1771 3349Institute of Clinical Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Zhao
- grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XChina-Japan Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Jiao
- grid.24695.3c0000 0001 1431 9176China-Japan Friendship Clinical Medical College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Tingting Deng
- grid.415954.80000 0004 1771 3349Institute of Clinical Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Honglin Liu
- grid.415954.80000 0004 1771 3349Institute of Clinical Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- grid.256607.00000 0004 1798 2653Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi China
| | - Liqun Jia
- Oncology Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.
| | - Cheng Xiao
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China. .,Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China. .,Department of Emergency, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.
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Liu Z, Gao L, Cheng L, Lv G, Sun B, Wang G, Tang Q. The roles of N6-methyladenosine and its target regulatory noncoding RNAs in tumors: classification, mechanisms, and potential therapeutic implications. Exp Mol Med 2023; 55:487-501. [PMID: 36854773 PMCID: PMC10073155 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-023-00944-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is one of the epigenetic modifications of RNA. The addition of this chemical mark to RNA molecules regulates gene expression by affecting the fate of the RNA molecules. This posttranscriptional RNA modification is reversible and regulated by methyltransferase "writers" and demethylase "erasers". The fate of m6A-modified RNAs depends on the function of different "readers" that recognize and bind to them. Research on m6A methylation modification has recently increased due to its important role in regulating cancer progression. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are a class of RNA molecules that are transcribed from the genome but whose roles have been overlooked due to their lack of well-defined potential for translation into proteins or peptides. However, this misconception has now been completely overturned. ncRNAs regulate various diseases, especially tumors, and it has been confirmed that they play either tumor-promoting or tumor-suppressing roles in almost all types of tumors. In this review, we discuss the m6A modification of different types of ncRNA and summarize the mechanisms involved. Finally, we discuss the progress of research on clinical treatment and discuss the important significance of the m6A modification of ncRNAs in the clinical treatment of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziying Liu
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Lei Gao
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Long Cheng
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Gaoyuan Lv
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Bei Sun
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Qiushi Tang
- Chinese Journal of Practical Surgery, Chinese Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
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Zhou X, Li C, Chen T, Li W, Wang X, Yang Q. Targeting RNA N6-methyladenosine to synergize with immune checkpoint therapy. Mol Cancer 2023; 22:36. [PMID: 36810108 PMCID: PMC9942356 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-023-01746-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy, especially immune checkpoint therapy, has revolutionized therapeutic options by reactivating the host immune system. However, the efficacy varies, and only a small portion of patients develop sustained antitumor responses. Hence, illustrating novel strategies that improve the clinical outcome of immune checkpoint therapy is urgently needed. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) has been proved to be an efficient and dynamic posttranscriptional modification process. It is involved in numerous RNA processing, such as splicing, trafficking, translation and degradation. Compelling evidence emphasizes the paramount role of m6A modification in the regulation of immune response. These findings may provide a foundation for the rational combination of targeting m6A modification and immune checkpoints in cancer treatment. In the present review, we summarize the current landscape of m6A modification in RNA biology, and highlight the latest findings on the complex mechanisms by which m6A modification governs immune checkpoint molecules. Furthermore, given the critical role of m6A modification in antitumor immunity, we discuss the clinical significance of targeting m6A modification to improve the efficacy of immune checkpoint therapy for cancer control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianyong Zhou
- Department of Breast Surgery, General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Wenhua Xi Road No. 107, Jinan, Shandong China ,grid.476866.dDepartment of Breast Surgery, Binzhou People’s Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong China
| | - Chen Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Wenhua Xi Road No. 107, Jinan, Shandong China
| | - Tong Chen
- Department of Breast Surgery, General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Wenhua Xi Road No. 107, Jinan, Shandong China
| | - Wenhao Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Wenhua Xi Road No. 107, Jinan, Shandong China
| | - Xiaolong Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Wenhua Xi Road No. 107, Jinan, Shandong, China.
| | - Qifeng Yang
- Department of Breast Surgery, General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Wenhua Xi Road No. 107, Jinan, Shandong, China. .,Department of Pathology Tissue Bank, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Xi Road No. 107, Shandong, Jinan, China. .,Research Institute of Breast Cancer, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
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Xie R, Chen W, Lv Y, Xu D, Huang D, Zhou T, Zhang S, Xiong C, Yu J. Overexpressed ZC3H13 suppresses papillary thyroid carcinoma growth through m6A modification-mediated IQGAP1 degradation. J Formos Med Assoc 2023:S0929-6646(22)00477-6. [PMID: 36739231 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2022.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to clarify the effect of ZC3H13 on the growth of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). METHODS Firstly, we used qRT-PCR and Western blot to compare the difference in the expression of ZC3H13 between normal thyroid epithelial cells and PTC cell lines. Then, ZC3H13 overexpression/knockout thyroid cancer cells were constructed by lentivirus transfection, and the effects of overexpression of ZC3H13 on the proliferation, migration and invasion of PTC cells were detected by CCK8 and transwell experiments. Lastly, MeRIP-qPCR, RIP and o Actinomycin D were used to verify that ZC3H13 regulated the expression of downstream target gene IQGAP1 through m6A modification. RESULTS ZC3H13 expression was decreased in PTC cell lines BCPAP, KTC-1, k1, HTH83, and TPC-1. Proliferation, invasion, and migration of PTC cells were inhibited by overexpressed ZC3H13 but increased by knockdown of ZC3H13. IQGAP1 expression was suppressed by ZC3H13 overexpression but enhanced by ZC3H13 knockdown. In ZC3H13-overexpressed PTC cells, the m6A level of IQGAP1 mRNA was increased, and the IQGAP1 mRNA expression was decreased with the increasing time of Actinomycin D treatment. YTHDF2 enriched more IQGAP1 mRNA than IgG and knockdown of YTHDF2 reversed the effect of ZC3H13 overexpression on IQGAP1 mRNA stability. The xenograft tumor experiment in nude mice confirmed that the overexpression of ZC3H13 inhibited tumor growth, while overexpression of IQGAP1 could reverse the inhibitory effect of ZC3H13 overexpression on tumor growth. CONCLUSION ZC3H13 mediates IQGAP1 mRNA degradation by promoting m6A modification of IQGAP1 mRNA, this provides a prospective therapeutic target for PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Xie
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Hongjiaozhou Branch of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Xuefu Avenue, Honggutan District, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Wanzhi Chen
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Hongjiaozhou Branch of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Xuefu Avenue, Honggutan District, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yunxia Lv
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Hongjiaozhou Branch of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Xuefu Avenue, Honggutan District, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Debin Xu
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Hongjiaozhou Branch of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Xuefu Avenue, Honggutan District, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Da Huang
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Hongjiaozhou Branch of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Xuefu Avenue, Honggutan District, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Tao Zhou
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Hongjiaozhou Branch of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Xuefu Avenue, Honggutan District, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Shuyong Zhang
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Hongjiaozhou Branch of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Xuefu Avenue, Honggutan District, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Chengfeng Xiong
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Hongjiaozhou Branch of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Xuefu Avenue, Honggutan District, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jichun Yu
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Hongjiaozhou Branch of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Xuefu Avenue, Honggutan District, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China.
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Deng P, Zhang H, Wang L, Jie S, Zhao Q, Chen F, Yue Y, Wang H, Tian L, Xie J, Chen M, Luo Y, Yu Z, Pi H, Zhou Z. Long-term cadmium exposure impairs cognitive function by activating lnc-Gm10532/m6A/FIS1 axis-mediated mitochondrial fission and dysfunction. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 858:159950. [PMID: 36336035 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd), a ubiquitous environmental contaminant, is deemed a possible aetiological cause of cognitive disorders in humans. Nevertheless, the exact mechanism by which chronic exposure to Cd causes neurotoxicity is not fully understood. In this study, mouse neuroblastoma cells (Neuro-2a cells) and primary hippocampal neurons were exposed to low-dose (1, 2, and 4 μM for Neuro-2a cells or 0.5, 1, and 1.5 μM for hippocampal neurons) cadmium chloride (CdCl2) for 72 h (h), and male mice (C57BL/6J, 8 weeks) were orally administered CdCl2 (0.6 mg/L, approximately equal to 2.58 μg/kg·bw/d) for 6 months to investigate the effects and mechanism of chronic Cd-induced neurotoxicity. Here, chronic exposure to Cd impaired mitochondrial function by promoting excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, altering mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm) and reducing adenosine triphosphate (ATP) content, contributing to neuronal cell death. Specifically, microarray analysis revealed that the long noncoding RNA Gm10532 (lnc-Gm10532) was most highly expressed in Neuro-2a cells exposed to 4 μM CdCl2 for 72 h compared with controls, and inhibition of lnc-Gm10532 significantly antagonized CdCl2-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and neurotoxicity. Mechanistically, lnc-Gm10532 increased Fission 1 (FIS1) expression and mitochondrial fission by recruiting the m6A writer methyltransferase-like 14 (METTL14) and enhancing m6A modification of Fis1 mRNA. Moreover, lnc-Gm10532 was also required for chronic Cd-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and memory deficits in a rodent model. Therefore, data of this study reveal a new epigenetic mechanism of chronic Cd neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Deng
- Department of Occupational Health (Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Radiation Protection, Ministry of Education), Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Huadong Zhang
- Chongqing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Liting Wang
- Biomedical Analysis Center, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Sheng Jie
- Department of Occupational Health (Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Radiation Protection, Ministry of Education), Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Qi Zhao
- Chongqing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Fengqiong Chen
- Chongqing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Yang Yue
- Department of Occupational Health (Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Radiation Protection, Ministry of Education), Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Occupational Health (Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Radiation Protection, Ministry of Education), Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Li Tian
- Department of Occupational Health (Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Radiation Protection, Ministry of Education), Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Jia Xie
- Department of Occupational Health (Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Radiation Protection, Ministry of Education), Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Mengyan Chen
- Department of Occupational Health (Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Radiation Protection, Ministry of Education), Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Yan Luo
- Department of Occupational Health (Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Radiation Protection, Ministry of Education), Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Zhengping Yu
- Department of Occupational Health (Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Radiation Protection, Ministry of Education), Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Huifeng Pi
- Department of Occupational Health (Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Radiation Protection, Ministry of Education), Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
| | - Zhou Zhou
- Center for Neurointelligence, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China; Department of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, and Department of Emergency Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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36
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The Repertoire of RNA Modifications Orchestrates a Plethora of Cellular Responses. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032387. [PMID: 36768716 PMCID: PMC9916637 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Although a plethora of DNA modifications have been extensively investigated in the last decade, recent breakthroughs in molecular biology, including high throughput sequencing techniques, have enabled the identification of post-transcriptional marks that decorate RNAs; hence, epitranscriptomics has arisen. This recent scientific field aims to decode the regulatory layer of the transcriptome and set the ground for the detection of modifications in ribose nucleotides. Until now, more than 170 RNA modifications have been reported in diverse types of RNA that contribute to various biological processes, such as RNA biogenesis, stability, and transcriptional and translational accuracy. However, dysfunctions in the RNA-modifying enzymes that regulate their dynamic level can lead to human diseases and cancer. The present review aims to highlight the epitranscriptomic landscape in human RNAs and match the catalytic proteins with the deposition or deletion of a specific mark. In the current review, the most abundant RNA modifications, such as N6-methyladenosine (m6A), N5-methylcytosine (m5C), pseudouridine (Ψ) and inosine (I), are thoroughly described, their functional and regulatory roles are discussed and their contributions to cellular homeostasis are stated. Ultimately, the involvement of the RNA modifications and their writers, erasers, and readers in human diseases and cancer is also discussed.
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Lothion-Roy J, Haigh DB, Harris AE, Metzler VM, Alsaleem M, Toss MS, Kariri Y, Ntekim A, Robinson BD, Khani F, Gudas LJ, Allegrucci C, James VH, Madhusudan S, Mather M, Emes RD, Archer N, Fray RG, Rakha E, Jeyapalan JN, Rutland CS, Mongan NP, Woodcock CL. Clinical and molecular significance of the RNA m 6A methyltransferase complex in prostate cancer. Front Genet 2023; 13:1096071. [PMID: 36733939 PMCID: PMC9887525 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1096071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most abundant internal mRNA modification and is dynamically regulated through distinct protein complexes that methylate, demethylate, and/or interpret the m6A modification. These proteins, and the m6A modification, are involved in the regulation of gene expression, RNA stability, splicing and translation. Given its role in these crucial processes, m6A has been implicated in many diseases, including in cancer development and progression. Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most commonly diagnosed non-cutaneous cancer in men and recent studies support a role for m6A in PCa. Despite this, the literature currently lacks an integrated analysis of the expression of key components of the m6A RNA methyltransferase complex, both in PCa patients and in well-established cell line models. For this reason, this study used immunohistochemistry and functional studies to investigate the mechanistic and clinical significance of the METTL3, METTL14, WTAP and CBLL1 components of the m6A methyltransferase complex in PCa specimens and cell lines. Expression of METTL3 and CBLL1, but not METTL14 and WTAP, was associated with poorer PCa patient outcomes. Expression of METTL3, METTL14, WTAP and CBLL1 was higher in PCa cells compared with non-malignant prostate cells, with the highest expression seen in castrate-sensitive, androgen-responsive PCa cells. Moreover, in PCa cell lines, expression of METTL3 and WTAP was found to be androgen-regulated. To investigate the mechanistic role(s) of the m6A methyltransferase complex in PCa cells, short hairpin RNA (shRNA)-mediated knockdown coupled with next generation sequencing was used to determine the transcriptome-wide roles of METTL3, the catalytic subunit of the m6A methyltransferase complex. Functional depletion of METTL3 resulted in upregulation of the androgen receptor (AR), together with 134 AR-regulated genes. METTL3 knockdown also resulted in altered splicing, and enrichment of cell cycle, DNA repair and metabolic pathways. Collectively, this study identified the functional and clinical significance of four essential m6A complex components in PCa patient specimens and cell lines for the first time. Further studies are now warranted to determine the potential therapeutic relevance of METTL3 inhibitors in development to treat leukaemia to benefit patients with PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Lothion-Roy
- Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom,School of Veterinary Medicine and Sciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough, United Kingdom
| | - Daisy B. Haigh
- Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom,School of Veterinary Medicine and Sciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough, United Kingdom
| | - Anna E. Harris
- Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom,School of Veterinary Medicine and Sciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough, United Kingdom
| | - Veronika M. Metzler
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Sciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough, United Kingdom
| | - Mansour Alsaleem
- Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom,School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom,Department of Applied Medical Science, Applied College, Qassim University, Qassim, Saudi Arabia
| | - Michael S. Toss
- Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom,School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Yousif Kariri
- Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom,School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom,Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Applied Medical Science, Shaqra University, Shaqra, Saudi Arabia
| | - Atara Ntekim
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Sciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough, United Kingdom,Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Ibadan, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Brian D. Robinson
- Department of Pathology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Francesca Khani
- Department of Pathology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Lorraine J. Gudas
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Cinzia Allegrucci
- Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom,School of Veterinary Medicine and Sciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough, United Kingdom
| | - Victoria H. James
- Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom,School of Veterinary Medicine and Sciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough, United Kingdom
| | - Srinivasan Madhusudan
- Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom,School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Melissa Mather
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Richard D. Emes
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Sciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough, United Kingdom
| | - Nathan Archer
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Sciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough, United Kingdom
| | - Rupert G. Fray
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough, United Kingdom
| | - Emad Rakha
- School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Jennie N. Jeyapalan
- Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom,School of Veterinary Medicine and Sciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough, United Kingdom
| | - Catrin S. Rutland
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Sciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough, United Kingdom
| | - Nigel P. Mongan
- Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom,School of Veterinary Medicine and Sciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough, United Kingdom,Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States,*Correspondence: Nigel P. Mongan, , ; Corinne L. Woodcock,
| | - Corinne L. Woodcock
- Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom,School of Veterinary Medicine and Sciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough, United Kingdom,*Correspondence: Nigel P. Mongan, , ; Corinne L. Woodcock,
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Fan Y, Lv X, Chen Z, Peng Y, Zhang M. m6A methylation: Critical roles in aging and neurological diseases. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 16:1102147. [PMID: 36896007 PMCID: PMC9990872 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1102147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most abundant internal RNA modification in eukaryotic cells, which participates in the functional regulation of various biological processes. It regulates the expression of targeted genes by affecting RNA translocation, alternative splicing, maturation, stability, and degradation. As recent evidence shows, of all organs, brain has the highest abundance of m6A methylation of RNAs, which indicates its regulating role in central nervous system (CNS) development and the remodeling of the cerebrovascular system. Recent studies have shown that altered m6A levels are crucial in the aging process and the onset and progression of age-related diseases. Considering that the incidence of cerebrovascular and degenerative neurologic diseases increase with aging, the importance of m6A in neurological manifestations cannot be ignored. In this manuscript, we focus on the role of m6A methylation in aging and neurological manifestations, hoping to provide a new direction for the molecular mechanism and novel therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yishu Fan
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xinyi Lv
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Department of Dermatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhuohui Chen
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yanyi Peng
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Mengqi Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Jia K, Xia W, Su Q, Yang S, Zhang Y, Ni X, Su Z, Meng D. RNA methylation pattern and immune microenvironment characteristics mediated by m6A regulator in ischemic stroke. Front Genet 2023; 14:1148510. [PMID: 37139237 PMCID: PMC10150022 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1148510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Ischemic stroke (IS) is a highly heterogeneous disease. Recent studies have shown that epigenetic variables affect the immune response. However, only a few studies have examined the relationship between IS and m6A immunoregulation. Therefore, we aim to explore the methylation of RNA mediated by m6A regulatory factor and the immune microenvironment characteristics of IS. Methods: Differentially expressed m6A regulators were detected in IS microarray datasets GSE22255 and GSE58294. We used a series of machine learning algorithms to identify key IS-related m6A regulators and validated them on blood samples of IS patients, oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) microglia and GSE198710 independent data sets. Different m6A modification modes were determined and the patients were classified. In addition, we systematically associate these modification patterns with the characteristics of immune microenvironment, including infiltrating immune cells, immune function genes and immune response genes. Then we developed a model of m6A score to quantify the m6A modification in IS samples. Results: Through the analysis of the differences between the control group and IS patients, METTL16, LRPPRC, and RBM15 showed strong diagnostic significance in three independent data sets. In addition, qRT-PCR and Western blotting also confirmed that the expression of METTL16 and LRPPRC was downregulated and the expression of RBM15 was upregulated after ischemia. Two m6A modification modes and two m6A gene modification modes were also identified. m6A gene cluster A (high m6A value group) was positively correlated with acquired immunity, while m6A gene cluster B (low m6A value group) was positively correlated with innate immunity. Similarly, five immune-related hub genes were significantly associated with m6Acore (CD28, IFNG, LTF, LCN2, and MMP9). Conclusion: The modification of m6A is closely related to the immune microenvironment. The evaluation of individual m6A modification pattern may be helpful for future immunomodulatory therapy of anti-ischemic response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kejuan Jia
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Harbin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Wenbo Xia
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Harbin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Qian Su
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Harbin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Shiqi Yang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yanli Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xunran Ni
- Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Zhiqiang Su
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- *Correspondence: Delong Meng, ; Zhiqiang Su,
| | - Delong Meng
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- *Correspondence: Delong Meng, ; Zhiqiang Su,
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METTL14 Regulates PLAGL2/ β-Catenin Signaling Axis to Promote the Development of Nonsmall Cell Lung Cancer. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2023; 2023:4738586. [PMID: 36873735 PMCID: PMC9981300 DOI: 10.1155/2023/4738586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is an abundant eukaryotic mRNA modification involved in regulating the formation and metastasis of nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We collected clinical NSCLC tissue and paracarcinoma tissue. Then methyltransferase-like 14 (METTL14), pleomorphic adenoma gene like-2 (PLAGL2), and β-catenin expressions were assessed using quantitative real-time PCR and western blot. PLAGL2, and β-catenin (nuclear) expressions were increased in NSCLC tissues. Cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and death were examined. PLAGL2 could activate β-catenin signaling to affect cell proliferation and migration abilities. RNA immunoprecipitation assay was operated to identify m6A modification levels of PLAGL2 after knockdown and overexpression of METTL14. PLAGL2 was regulated by METTL14-mediated m6A modification. Knockdown of METTL14 repressed cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, and promoted cell death. Interestingly, these effects were reversed when PLAGL2 was overexpressed. Finally, tumor formation in nude mice was performed to verify the role of the METTL14/PLAGL2/β-catenin signaling axis. Tumor formation in nude mice demonstrated METTL14/PLAGL2/β-catenin axis promoted NSCLC development in vivo. In brief, METTL14 promoted NSCLC development by increasing m6A methylation of PLAGL2 to activate β-catenin signaling. Our research provided essential clues for in-depth comprehension of the mechanism of NSCLC occurrence and development and also provided the basis for NSCLC treatment.
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Guo Y, Heng Y, Chen H, Huang Q, Wu C, Tao L, Zhou L. Prognostic Values of METTL3 and Its Roles in Tumor Immune Microenvironment in Pan-Cancer. J Clin Med 2022; 12:jcm12010155. [PMID: 36614956 PMCID: PMC9821157 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12010155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is among the most prevalent RNA modifications regulating RNA metabolism. The roles of methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3), a core catalytic subunit, in various cancers remain unclear. Methods: The expression levels of METTL3 in pan-cancer were profiled and their prognostic values were examined. We assessed the relationships between METTL3 expression levels and tumor immune infiltration levels, immune checkpoint gene expression, immune neoantigens, tumor mutation burden, microsatellite instability, and DNA mismatch repair gene expression. Furthermore, a protein-protein interaction network was drawn, and gene set enrichment analysis was conducted to explore the functions of METTL3. Results: METTL3 expression levels were elevated in most cancers, with high expression associated with poorer overall and disease-free survival. METTL3 levels were significantly related to immune cell infiltration, tumor mutation burden, microsatellite instability, mismatch repair genes, and immune checkpoint gene levels. METTL3 was enriched in pathways related to RNA modification and metabolism and correlated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Conclusions: METTL3 serves as an oncogene in most cancer types and shows potential as a prognostic biomarker. Additionally, our comprehensive pan-cancer analysis suggested that METTL3 is involved in regulating the tumor immune microenvironments and epithelial-mesenchymal transition via modulating RNA modification and metabolism, making it a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Lei Tao
- Correspondence: (L.T.); (L.Z.)
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Zhang Y, Gu P, Xie Y, Fan L, You X, Yang S, Yao Y, Chen W, Ma J. Insights into the mechanism underlying crystalline silica-induced pulmonary fibrosis via transcriptome-wide m 6A methylation profile. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 247:114215. [PMID: 36306621 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Silicosis is one of the most severe interstitial lung fibrosis diseases worldwide, caused by crystalline silica exposure. While the mechanisms and pathogenesis underlying silicosis remained unknown. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methylation has received significant attention in a variety of human diseases. However, whether m6A methylation is involved in silicosis has not been clarified. In this study, we conducted methylated RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing (MeRIP-Seq) and transcriptome sequencing (RNA-Seq) to profile the m6A modification in normal and silicosis mouse models (n = 3 pairs). The global levels of m6A methylation were further assessed by m6A RNA methylation quantification kits, and the major regulators of m6A RNA methylation were verified by qRT-PCR. Our results showed that long-term exposure to crystalline silica led to silicosis, accompanied by increasing levels of m6A methylation. Upregulation of METTL3 and downregulation of ALKBH5, FTO, YTHDF1, and YTHDF3 might contribute to aberrant m6A modification. Compared with controls, 359 genes showed differential m6A methylation peaks in silicosis (P < 0.05 and FC ≥ 2). Among them, 307 genes were hypermethylated, and 52 genes were hypomethylated. RNA-Seq analysis revealed 1091 differentially expressed genes between the two groups, 789 genes were upregulated and 302 genes were downregulated in the lungs of silicosis mice (P < 0.05 and FC ≥ 2). In the conjoint analysis of MeRIP-Seq and RNA-Seq, we identified that 18 genes showed significant changes in both m6A modification and mRNA expression. The functional analysis further noted that these 18 m6A-mediated mRNAs regulated pathways that were closely related to "phagosome", "antigen processing and presentation", and "apoptosis". All findings suggested that m6A methylation played an essential role in the formation of silicosis. Our discovery with multi-omics approaches not only gives clues for the epigenetic mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of silicosis but also provides novel and viable strategies for the prevention and treatment of silicosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingdie Zhang
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Pei Gu
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Yujia Xie
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Lieyang Fan
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Xiaojie You
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Shiyu Yang
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Yuxin Yao
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Weihong Chen
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Jixuan Ma
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China.
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Li P, Wang Y, Sun Y, Jiang S, Li J. N 6-methyladenosine RNA methylation: From regulatory mechanisms to potential clinical applications. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:1055808. [PMID: 36407103 PMCID: PMC9669580 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1055808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Epitranscriptomics has emerged as another level of epigenetic regulation similar to DNA and histone modifications. N 6-methyladenosine (m6A) is one of the most prevalent and abundant posttranscriptional modifications, widely distributed in many biological species. The level of N 6-methyladenosine RNA methylation is dynamically and reversibly regulated by distinct effectors including methyltransferases, demethylases, histone modification and metabolites. In addition, N 6-methyladenosine RNA methylation is involved in multiple RNA metabolism pathways, such as splicing, localization, translation efficiency, stability and degradation, ultimately affecting various pathological processes, especially the oncogenic and tumor-suppressing activities. Recent studies also reveal that N 6-methyladenosine modification exerts the function in immune cells and tumor immunity. In this review, we mainly focus on the regulatory mechanisms of N 6-methyladenosine RNA methylation, the techniques for detecting N 6-methyladenosine methylation, the role of N 6-methyladenosine modification in cancer and other diseases, and the potential clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peipei Li
- Department of Oncology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
- BGI Genomics, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuntao Wang
- Department of Oncology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Yiwen Sun
- BGI Genomics, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | | | - Jingjing Li
- Department of Oncology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
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The RNA m 6A writer WTAP in diseases: structure, roles, and mechanisms. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:852. [PMID: 36207306 PMCID: PMC9546849 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05268-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is a widely investigated RNA modification in studies on the "epigenetic regulation" of mRNAs that is ubiquitously present in eukaryotes. Abnormal changes in m6A levels are closely related to the regulation of RNA metabolism, heat shock stress, tumor occurrence, and development. m6A modifications are catalyzed by the m6A writer complex, which contains RNA methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3), methyltransferase-like 14 (METTL14), Wilms tumor 1-associated protein (WTAP), and other proteins with methyltransferase (MTase) capability, such as RNA-binding motif protein 15 (RBM15), KIAA1429 and zinc finger CCCH-type containing 13 (ZC3H13). Although METTL3 is the main catalytic subunit, WTAP is a regulatory subunit whose function is to recruit the m6A methyltransferase complex to the target mRNA. Specifically, WTAP is required for the accumulation of METTL3 and METTL14 in nuclear speckles. In this paper, we briefly introduce the molecular mechanism of m6A modification. Then, we focus on WTAP, a component of the m6A methyltransferase complex, and introduce its structure, localization, and physiological functions. Finally, we describe its roles and mechanisms in cancer.
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45
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Song Z, Wang X, Chen F, Chen Q, Liu W, Yang X, Zhu X, Liu X, Wang P. LncRNA MALAT1 regulates METTL3-mediated PD-L1 expression and immune infiltrates in pancreatic cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1004212. [PMID: 36212476 PMCID: PMC9533337 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1004212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer death in the United States. The main methods of treating pancreatic cancer are surgery and chemotherapy, but the treatment efficacy is low with a poor prognosis. Immunotherapy represented by PD-1/PD-L1 has brought a milestone progress in the treatment of pancreatic cancer. However, the unique tumor microenvironment of pancreatic cancer presents challenges for immunotherapy. In addition, m6A is a common RNA modification and a potential molecular target in tumor therapy. The expression pattern of m6A in pancreatic cancer is still unclear. LncRNAs also play an essential role in pancreatic cancer development and treatment. In this study, we found that some m6A regulators were significantly elevated in pancreatic cancer and associated with the expression of PD-1/PD-L1. Moreover, we observed that METTL3 can increase the expression of PD-L1. Notably, METTL3 positively regulates the expression of lncRNA MALAT1 in pancreatic cancer cells. Strikingly, lncRNA MALAT1 increased the expression of PD-L1 in pancreatic cancer cells. This finding indicated that METTL3 regulated the expression of PD-L1 possibly via targeting lncRNA MALAT1 in pancreatic cancer cells. Lastly, MALAT1 governed the viability of pancreatic cancer cells. Taken together, lncRNA MALAT1 is involved in METTL3-mediated promotion of PD-L1 expression in pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengwei Song
- Department of Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Xiaoguang Wang
- Department of Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Fei Chen
- Department of Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Qiuli Chen
- Department of Research and Development, Zhejiang Zhongwei Medical Research Center, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenjun Liu
- Department of Research and Development, Zhejiang Zhongwei Medical Research Center, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaodan Yang
- Department of Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Xun Zhu
- Department of Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Xiaorong Liu
- Department of Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaorong Liu, ; Peter Wang,
| | - Peter Wang
- Department of Research and Development, Zhejiang Zhongwei Medical Research Center, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaorong Liu, ; Peter Wang,
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Analysis of N6-Methyladenosine RNA Methylation Regulators in Diagnosis and Distinct Molecular Subtypes of Ankylosing Spondylitis. DISEASE MARKERS 2022; 2022:4942599. [PMID: 36157216 PMCID: PMC9507730 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4942599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
The most frequent internal modification in eukaryotic mRNA is N6-methyladenosine (m6A). However, what we know about the m6A regulators in Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is still limited. In our study, eight distinct m6A regulators were selected utilizing Differentially Expressed Gene (DEG) analysis of the Gene Expression Omnibus GSE73754 dataset for making comparisons between AS (Ankylosing spondylitis) and non-AS patients. The random forest model and the nomogram model were used to screen the eight candidate m6A regulators and evaluate their prediction accuracy for the occurrence of AS. Furthermore, based on the selected m6A regulators, the AS patients were divided into two subgroups, and we applied principal component analysis algorithms to calculate their m6A score and evaluate the m6A patterns. Our findings revealed that patients in cluster A were linked to activated CD4 T cell immunity and activated CD8 T cell immunity. With its major contributions in the area of immunology, our research in m6A patterns may benefit the future diagnosis and treatment strategies of AS.
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Fan Y, Li X, Sun H, Gao Z, Zhu Z, Yuan K. Role of WTAP in Cancer: From Mechanisms to the Therapeutic Potential. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12091224. [PMID: 36139062 PMCID: PMC9496264 DOI: 10.3390/biom12091224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Wilms' tumor 1-associating protein (WTAP) is required for N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA methylation modifications, which regulate biological processes such as RNA splicing, cell proliferation, cell cycle, and embryonic development. m6A is the predominant form of mRNA modification in eukaryotes. WTAP exerts m6A modification by binding to methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3) in the nucleus to form the METTL3-methyltransferase-like 14 (METTL14)-WTAP (MMW) complex, a core component of the methyltransferase complex (MTC), and localizing to the nuclear patches. Studies have demonstrated that WTAP plays a critical role in various cancers, both dependent and independent of its role in m6A modification of methyltransferases. Here, we describe the recent findings on the structural features of WTAP, the mechanisms by which WTAP regulates the biological functions, and the molecular mechanisms of its functions in various cancers. By summarizing the latest WTAP research, we expect to provide new directions and insights for oncology research and discover new targets for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongfei Fan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213003, China
- Heart and Lung Disease Laboratory, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Xinwei Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China
| | - Huihui Sun
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 1 People’s Hospital of Suzhou University, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Zhaojia Gao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213003, China
- Heart and Lung Disease Laboratory, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Zheng Zhu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213003, China
- Heart and Lung Disease Laboratory, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Kai Yuan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213003, China
- Heart and Lung Disease Laboratory, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213003, China
- Correspondence:
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Zhou L, Jiang J, Huang Z, Jin P, Peng L, Luo M, Zhang Z, Chen Y, Xie N, Gao W, Nice EC, Li JQ, Chen HN, Huang C. Hypoxia-induced lncRNA STEAP3-AS1 activates Wnt/β-catenin signaling to promote colorectal cancer progression by preventing m6A-mediated degradation of STEAP3 mRNA. Mol Cancer 2022; 21:168. [PMID: 35986274 PMCID: PMC9392287 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-022-01638-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hypoxia, a typical hallmark of solid tumors, exhibits an essential role in the progression of colorectal cancer (CRC), in which the dysregulation of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) is frequently observed. However, the underlying mechanisms are not clearly defined. Methods The TCGA database was analyzed to identify differential lncRNA expression involved in hypoxia-induced CRC progression. qRT-PCR was conducted to validate the upregulation of lncRNA STEAP3-AS1 in CRC cell lines and tumor-bearing mouse and zebrafish models under hypoxia. ChIP-qRT-PCR was used to detect the transcriptional activation of STEAP3-AS1 mediated by HIF-1α. RNA-seq, fluorescent in situ hybridization, RNA pulldown, RNA immunoprecipitation, co-immunoprecipitation, immunofluorescence and immunoblot experiments were used to ascertain the involved mechanisms. Functional assays were performed in both in vitro and in vivo models to investigate the regulatory role of STEAP3-AS1/STEAP3/Wnt/β-catenin axis in CRC proliferation and metastasis. Results Here, we identified a hypoxia-induced antisense lncRNA STEAP3-AS1 that was highly expressed in clinical CRC tissues and positively correlated with poor prognosis of CRC patients. Upregulation of lncRNA STEAP3-AS1, which was induced by HIF-1α-mediated transcriptional activation, facilitated the proliferation and metastasis of CRC cells both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, STEAP3-AS1 interacted competitively with the YTH domain-containing family protein 2 (YTHDF2), a N6-methyladenosine (m6A) reader, leading to the disassociation of YTHDF2 with STEAP3 mRNA. This effect protected STEAP3 mRNA from m6A-mediated degradation, enabling the high expression of STEAP3 protein and subsequent production of cellular ferrous iron (Fe2+). Increased Fe2+ levels elevated Ser 9 phosphorylation of glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK3β) and inhibited its kinase activity, thus releasing β-catenin for nuclear translocation and subsequent activation of Wnt signaling to support CRC progression. Conclusions Taken together, our study highlights the mechanisms of lncRNA STEAP3-AS1 in facilitating CRC progression involving the STEAP3-AS1/STEAP3/Wnt/β-catenin axis, which may provide novel diagnostic biomarkers or therapeutic targets to benefit CRC treatment. Graphical abstract Hypoxia-induced HIF-1α transcriptionally upregulates the expression of lncRNA STEAP3-AS1, which interacts competitively with YTHDF2, thus upregulating mRNA stability of STEAP3 and consequent STEAP3 protein expression. The enhanced STEAP3 expression results in production of cellular ferrous iron (Fe2+), which induces the Ser 9 phosphorylation and inactivation of GSK3β, releasing β-catenin for nuclear translocation and contributing to subsequent activation of Wnt signaling to promote CRC progression.![]() Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12943-022-01638-1.
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Shi B, Liu WW, Yang K, Jiang GM, Wang H. The role, mechanism, and application of RNA methyltransferase METTL14 in gastrointestinal cancer. Mol Cancer 2022; 21:163. [PMID: 35974338 PMCID: PMC9380308 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-022-01634-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal cancer is the most common human malignancy characterized by high lethality and poor prognosis. Emerging evidences indicate that N6-methyladenosine (m6A), the most abundant post-transcriptional modification in eukaryotes, exerts important roles in regulating mRNA metabolism including stability, decay, splicing, transport, and translation. As the key component of the m6A methyltransferase complex, methyltransferase-like 14 (METTL14) catalyzes m6A methylation on mRNA or non-coding RNA to regulate gene expression and cell phenotypes. Dysregulation of METTL14 was deemed to be involved in various aspects of gastrointestinal cancer, such as tumorigenesis, progression, chemoresistance, and metastasis. Plenty of findings have opened up new avenues for exploring the therapeutic potential of gastrointestinal cancer targeting METTL14. In this review, we systematically summarize the recent advances regarding the biological functions of METTL14 in gastrointestinal cancer, discuss its potential clinical applications and propose the research forecast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Shi
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Heifei, China
| | - Wei-Wei Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Ke Yang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Guan-Min Jiang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, China.
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China. .,Core Unit of National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Heifei, China.
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Role of Caspase Family in Intervertebral Disc Degeneration and Its Therapeutic Prospects. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12081074. [PMID: 36008968 PMCID: PMC9406018 DOI: 10.3390/biom12081074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is a common musculoskeletal degenerative disease worldwide, of which the main clinical manifestation is low back pain (LBP); approximately, 80% of people suffer from it in their lifetime. Currently, the pathogenesis of IVDD is unclear, and modern treatments can only alleviate its symptoms but cannot inhibit or reverse its progression. However, in recent years, targeted therapy has led to new therapeutic strategies. Cysteine-containing aspartate proteolytic enzymes (caspases) are a family of proteases present in the cytoplasm. They are evolutionarily conserved and are involved in cell growth, differentiation, and apoptotic death of eukaryotic cells. In recent years, it has been confirmed to be involved in the pathogenesis of various diseases, mainly by regulating cell apoptosis and inflammatory response. With continuous research on the pathogenesis and pathological process of IVDD, an increasing number of studies have shown that caspases are closely related to the IVDD process, especially in the intervertebral disc (IVD) cell apoptosis and inflammatory response. Therefore, herein we study the role of caspases in IVDD with respect to the structure of caspases and the related signaling pathways involved. This would help explore the strategy of regulating the activity of the caspases involved and develop caspase inhibitors to prevent and treat IVDD. The aim of this review was to identify the caspases involved in IVDD which could be potential targets for the treatment of IVDD.
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