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Noh JY, Seo H, Lee J, Jung H. Immunotherapy in Hematologic Malignancies: Emerging Therapies and Novel Approaches. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E8000. [PMID: 33121189 PMCID: PMC7663624 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21218000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy is extensively investigated for almost all types of hematologic tumors, from preleukemic to relapse/refractory malignancies. Due to the emergence of technologies for target cell characterization, antibody design and manufacturing, as well as genome editing, immunotherapies including gene and cell therapies are becoming increasingly elaborate and diversified. Understanding the tumor immune microenvironment of the target disease is critical, as is reducing toxicity. Although there have been many successes and newly FDA-approved immunotherapies for hematologic malignancies, we have learned that insufficient efficacy due to disease relapse following treatment is one of the key obstacles for developing successful therapeutic regimens. Thus, combination therapies are also being explored. In this review, immunotherapies for each type of hematologic malignancy will be introduced, and novel targets that are under investigation will be described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Yoon Noh
- Immunotherapy Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Korea;
| | - Huiyun Seo
- Center for Genome Engineering, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), 55 Expo-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34126, Korea;
| | - Jungwoon Lee
- Environmental Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Haiyoung Jung
- Immunotherapy Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Korea;
- Department of Functional Genomics, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), 113 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34113, Korea
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Karuppasamy R, Veerappapillai S, Maiti S, Shin WH, Kihara D. Current progress and future perspectives of polypharmacology : From the view of non-small cell lung cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2019; 68:84-91. [PMID: 31698087 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
A pre-eminent subtype of lung carcinoma, Non-small cell lung cancer accounts for paramount causes of cancer-associated mortality worldwide. Undeterred by the endeavour in the treatment strategies, the overall cure and survival rates for NSCLC remain substandard, particularly in metastatic diseases. Moreover, the emergence of resistance to classic anticancer drugs further deteriorates the situation. These demanding circumstances culminate the need of extended and revamped research for the establishment of upcoming generation cancer therapeutics. Drug repositioning introduces an affordable and efficient strategy to discover novel drug action, especially when integrated with recent systems biology driven stratagem. This review illustrates the trendsetting approaches in repurposing along with their numerous success stories with an emphasize on the NSCLC therapeutics. Indeed, these novel hits, in combination with conventional anticancer agents, will ideally make their way the clinics and strengthen the therapeutic arsenal to combat drug resistance in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramanathan Karuppasamy
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Shanthi Veerappapillai
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sayoni Maiti
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Woong-Hee Shin
- Department of Computer Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, United States; Department of Chemistry Education, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Republic of Korea
| | - Daisuke Kihara
- Department of Biological Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, United States; Department of Computer Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, United States; Purdue University, Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, United States; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, United States
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Abstract
The introduction of protein tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in 1998 transformed the management of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), leading to significantly reduced mortality and improved 5 year survival rates. However, the CML community is faced with several clinical issues that need to be addressed. Ten to 15% of CML patients are diagnosed in advanced phase, and small numbers of chronic phase (CP) cases experience disease progression each year during treatment. For these patients, TKIs induce only transient responses and alternative treatment strategies are urgently required. Depending on choice of first line TKI, approximately 30% of CML CP cases show suboptimal responses, due to a combination of poor compliance, drug intolerance, and drug resistance, with approximately 50% of TKI-resistance caused by kinase domain mutations and the remainder due to unknown mechanisms. Finally, the chance of successful treatment discontinuation is on the order of only 10-20% related to disease persistence. Disease persistence is a poorly understood phenomenon; all CML patients have functional Philadelphia positive (Ph+) stem and progenitor cells in their bone marrows and continue to express BCR-ABL1 by DNA PCR, even when in very deep remission and following treatment discontinuation. What controls the maintenance of these persisting cells, whether it is necessary to fully eradicate the malignant clone to achieve cure, and how that might be approached therapeutically are open questions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tessa L Holyoake
- Paul O'Gorman Leukaemia Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary & Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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Cheadle EJ, Gornall H, Baldan V, Hanson V, Hawkins RE, Gilham DE. CAR T cells: driving the road from the laboratory to the clinic. Immunol Rev 2013; 257:91-106. [DOI: 10.1111/imr.12126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eleanor J. Cheadle
- Clinical and Experimental Immunotherapy Group; Department of Medical Oncology; Institute of Cancer Sciences; The University of Manchester; Manchester Academic Healthcare Science Centre; Manchester UK
- Targeted Therapy Group; Institute of Cancer Sciences; The University of Manchester; Manchester Academic Healthcare Science Centre; Manchester UK
| | - Hannah Gornall
- Clinical and Experimental Immunotherapy Group; Department of Medical Oncology; Institute of Cancer Sciences; The University of Manchester; Manchester Academic Healthcare Science Centre; Manchester UK
| | - Vania Baldan
- Clinical and Experimental Immunotherapy Group; Department of Medical Oncology; Institute of Cancer Sciences; The University of Manchester; Manchester Academic Healthcare Science Centre; Manchester UK
| | - Vivien Hanson
- Transplantation Laboratory; Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Oxford UK
| | - Robert E. Hawkins
- Clinical and Experimental Immunotherapy Group; Department of Medical Oncology; Institute of Cancer Sciences; The University of Manchester; Manchester Academic Healthcare Science Centre; Manchester UK
| | - David E. Gilham
- Clinical and Experimental Immunotherapy Group; Department of Medical Oncology; Institute of Cancer Sciences; The University of Manchester; Manchester Academic Healthcare Science Centre; Manchester UK
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Brehm C, Huenecke S, Pfirrmann V, Rossig C, Mackall CL, Bollard CM, Gottschalk S, Schlegel PG, Klingebiel T, Bader P. Highlights of the third International Conference on Immunotherapy in Pediatric Oncology. Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2013; 30:349-66. [PMID: 23758210 DOI: 10.3109/08880018.2013.802106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The third International Conference on Immunotherapy in Pediatric Oncology was held in Frankfurt/Main, Germany, October 1-2, 2012. Major topics of the conference included (i) cellular therapies using antigen-specific and gene-modified T cells for targeting leukemia and pediatric solid tumors; (ii) overcoming hurdles and barriers with regard to immunogenicity, immune escape, and the role of tumor microenvironment; (iii) vaccine strategies and antigen presentation; (iv) haploidentical transplantation and innate immunity; (v) the role of immune cells in allogeneic transplantation; and (vi) current antibody/immunoconjugate approaches for the treatment of pediatric malignancies. During the past decade, major advances have been made in improving the efficacy of these modalities and regulatory hurdles have been taken. Nevertheless, there is still a long way to go to fully exploit the potential of immunotherapeutic strategies to improve the cure of children and adolescents with malignancies. This and future meetings will support new collaborations and insights for further translational and clinical immunotherapy studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Brehm
- Department for Stem Cell Transplantation and Immunology, J.W. Goethe-University Hospital, University Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
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