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He YY, Zhou HF, Chen L, Wang YT, Xie WL, Xu ZZ, Xiong Y, Feng YQ, Liu GY, Li X, Liu J, Wu QP. The Fra-1: Novel role in regulating extensive immune cell states and affecting inflammatory diseases. Front Immunol 2022; 13:954744. [PMID: 36032067 PMCID: PMC9404335 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.954744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Fra-1(Fos-related antigen1), a member of transcription factor activator protein (AP-1), plays an important role in cell proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation, inflammation, oncogenesis and tumor metastasis. Accumulating evidence suggest that the malignancy and invasive ability of tumors can be significantly changed by directly targeting Fra-1. Besides, the effects of Fra-1 are gradually revealed in immune and inflammatory settings, such as arthritis, pneumonia, psoriasis and cardiovascular disease. These regulatory mechanisms that orchestrate immune and non-immune cells underlie Fra-1 as a potential therapeutic target for a variety of human diseases. In this review, we focus on the current knowledge of Fra-1 in immune system, highlighting its unique importance in regulating tissue homeostasis. In addition, we also discuss the possible critical intervention strategy in diseases, which also outline future research and development avenues.
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Campe J, Ullrich E. T Helper Cell Lineage-Defining Transcription Factors: Potent Targets for Specific GVHD Therapy? Front Immunol 2022; 12:806529. [PMID: 35069590 PMCID: PMC8766661 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.806529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) represents a potent and potentially curative treatment for many hematopoietic malignancies and hematologic disorders in adults and children. The donor-derived immunity, elicited by the stem cell transplant, can prevent disease relapse but is also responsible for the induction of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). The pathophysiology of acute GVHD is not completely understood yet. In general, acute GVHD is driven by the inflammatory and cytotoxic effect of alloreactive donor T cells. Since several experimental approaches indicate that CD4 T cells play an important role in initiation and progression of acute GVHD, the contribution of the different CD4 T helper (Th) cell subtypes in the pathomechanism and regulation of the disease is a central point of current research. Th lineages derive from naïve CD4 T cell progenitors and lineage commitment is initiated by the surrounding cytokine milieu and subsequent changes in the transcription factor (TF) profile. Each T cell subtype has its own effector characteristics, immunologic function, and lineage specific cytokine profile, leading to the association with different immune responses and diseases. Acute GVHD is thought to be mainly driven by the Th1/Th17 axis, whereas Treg cells are attributed to attenuate GVHD effects. As the differentiation of each Th subset highly depends on the specific composition of activating and repressing TFs, these present a potent target to alter the Th cell landscape towards a GVHD-ameliorating direction, e.g. by inhibiting Th1 and Th17 differentiation. The finding, that targeting of Th1 and Th17 differentiation appears more effective for GVHD-prevention than a strategy to inhibit Th1 and Th17 cytokines supports this concept. In this review, we shed light on the current advances of potent TF inhibitors to alter Th cell differentiation and consecutively attenuate GVHD. We will focus especially on preclinical studies and outcomes of TF inhibition in murine GVHD models. Finally, we will point out the possible impact of a Th cell subset-specific immune modulation in context of GVHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Campe
- Experimental Immunology, Children's University Hospital, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,Children's University Hospital, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Evelyn Ullrich
- Experimental Immunology, Children's University Hospital, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,Children's University Hospital, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,Frankfurt Cancer Institute, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (Deutsches Konsortium für Translationale Krebsforschung (DKTK)), Partner Site Frankfurt/Mainz, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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3
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Repurposing a novel anti-cancer RXR agonist to attenuate murine acute GVHD and maintain graft-versus-leukemia responses. Blood 2021; 137:1090-1103. [PMID: 32976550 PMCID: PMC7907720 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2020005628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The nuclear receptor (NR) subclass, retinoid X receptors (RXRs), exert immunomodulatory functions that control inflammation and metabolism via homodimers and heterodimers, with several other NRs, including retinoic acid receptors. IRX4204 is a novel, highly specific RXR agonist in clinical trials that potently and selectively activates RXR homodimers, but not heterodimers. In this study, in vivo IRX4204 compared favorably with FK506 in abrogating acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), which was associated with inhibiting allogeneic donor T-cell proliferation, reducing T-helper 1 differentiation, and promoting regulatory T-cell (Treg) generation. Recipient IRX4204 treatment reduced intestinal injury and decreased IFN-γ and TNF-α serum levels. Transcriptional analysis of donor T cells isolated from intestines of GVHD mice treated with IRX4204 revealed significant decreases in transcripts regulating proinflammatory pathways. In vitro, inducible Treg differentiation from naive CD4+ T cells was enhanced by IRX4204. In vivo, IRX4204 increased the conversion of donor Foxp3- T cells into peripheral Foxp3+ Tregs in GVHD mice. Using Foxp3 lineage-tracer mice in which both the origin and current FoxP3 expression of Tregs can be tracked, we demonstrated that IRX4204 supports Treg stability. Despite favoring Tregs and reducing Th1 differentiation, IRX4204-treated recipients maintained graft-versus-leukemia responses against both leukemia and lymphoma cells. Notably, IRX4204 reduced in vitro human T-cell proliferation and enhanced Treg generation in mixed lymphocyte reaction cultures. Collectively, these beneficial effects indicate that targeting RXRs with IRX4204 could be a novel approach to preventing acute GVHD in the clinic.
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Zhang M, Hoyle RG, Ma Z, Sun B, Cai W, Cai H, Xie N, Zhang Y, Hou J, Liu X, Chen D, Kellogg GE, Harada H, Sun Y, Wang C, Li J. FOSL1 promotes metastasis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma through super-enhancer-driven transcription program. Mol Ther 2021; 29:2583-2600. [PMID: 33794365 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2021.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Previously, we discovered that FOSL1 facilitates the metastasis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cancer stem cells in a spontaneous mouse model. However, the molecular mechanisms remained unclear. Here, we demonstrated that FOSL1 serves as the dominant activating protein 1 (AP1) family member and is significantly upregulated in HNSCC tumor tissues and correlated with metastasis of HNSCC. Mechanistically, FOSL1 exerts its function in promoting tumorigenicity and metastasis predominantly via selective association with Mediators to establish super-enhancers (SEs) at a cohort of cancer stemness and pro-metastatic genes, such as SNAI2 and FOSL1 itself. Depletion of FOSL1 led to disruption of SEs and expression inhibition of these key oncogenes, which resulted in the suppression of tumor initiation and metastasis. We also revealed that the abundance of FOSL1 is positively associated with the abundance of SNAI2 in HNSCC and the high expression levels of FOSL1 and SNAI2 are associated with short overall disease-free survival. Finally, the administration of the FOSL1 inhibitor SR11302 significantly suppressed tumor growth and lymph node metastasis of HNSCC in a patient-derived xenograft model. These findings indicate that FOSL1 is a master regulator that promotes the metastasis of HNSCC through a SE-driven transcription program that may represent an attractive target for therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Rosalie G Hoyle
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298-0540, USA
| | - Zhikun Ma
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298-0540, USA
| | - Bo Sun
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298-0540, USA
| | - Weixin Cai
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298-0540, USA
| | - Hongshi Cai
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Nan Xie
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Department of Oral Pathology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
| | - Yadong Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jinsong Hou
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Xiqiang Liu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Demeng Chen
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Glen E Kellogg
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298-0540, USA; Institute for Structural Biology, Drug Discovery and Development, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298-0540, USA
| | - Hisashi Harada
- Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298-0540, USA; Department of Oral and Craniofacial Molecular Biology, School of Dentistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298-0540, USA; Philips Institute for Oral Health Research, School of Dentistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298-0540, USA
| | - Yue Sun
- Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298-0540, USA; Department of Oral and Craniofacial Molecular Biology, School of Dentistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298-0540, USA; Philips Institute for Oral Health Research, School of Dentistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298-0540, USA
| | - Cheng Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Jiong Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298-0540, USA; Institute for Structural Biology, Drug Discovery and Development, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298-0540, USA; Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298-0540, USA; Department of Oral and Craniofacial Molecular Biology, School of Dentistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298-0540, USA; Philips Institute for Oral Health Research, School of Dentistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298-0540, USA.
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Wei CJ, Li YL, Zhu ZL, Jia DM, Fan ML, Li T, Wang XJ, Li ZG, Ma HS. Inhibition of activator protein 1 attenuates neuroinflammation and brain injury after experimental intracerebral hemorrhage. CNS Neurosci Ther 2019; 25:1182-1188. [PMID: 31392841 PMCID: PMC6776742 DOI: 10.1111/cns.13206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a devastating type of stroke without specific treatment. Activator protein 1 (AP‐1), as a gene regulator, initiates cytokine expression in response to environmental stimuli. In this study, we investigated the relationship between AP‐1 and neuroinflammation‐associated brain injury triggered by ICH. Methods Intracerebral hemorrhage mice were developed by autologous blood or collagenase infusion. We measured the dynamics of AP‐1 in mouse brain tissues during neuroinflammation formation after ICH. The effects of the AP‐1 inhibitor SR11302 on brain injury and neuroinflammation as well as the underlying mechanisms were investigated in vivo and in vitro. Results AP‐1 was significantly upregulated in mouse brain tissue as early as 6 hours after ICH, accompanied by elevations in proinflammatory factors, including interleukin (IL)‐6, IL‐1β, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α. Inhibition of AP‐1 using SR11302 reduced neurodeficits and brain edema at day 3 after ICH. SR11302 ablated microglial IL‐6 and TNF‐α production and brain‐infiltrating leukocytes in ICH mice. In addition, SR11302 treatment diminished thrombin‐induced production of IL‐6 and TNF‐α in cultured microglia. Conclusions Inhibition of AP‐1 curbs neuroinflammation and reduces brain injury following ICH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Juan Wei
- Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Center for Neuroinflammation, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Lin Li
- Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Zi-Long Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Dong-Mei Jia
- Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Mo-Li Fan
- Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Ting Li
- Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xue-Jiao Wang
- Center for Neurological Diseases, The Third People's Hospital of Datong, Datong, China
| | - Zhi-Guo Li
- Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Hong-Shan Ma
- Center for Neurological Diseases, The Third People's Hospital of Datong, Datong, China
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Reduction in murine acute GVHD severity by human gingival tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells via the CD39 pathways. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:13. [PMID: 30622237 PMCID: PMC6325106 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-1273-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Revised: 11/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Human gingival tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (GMSCs) present an accessible source of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for treating autoimmune diseases. Here we show that human GMSCs can prevent and treat acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) in two different mouse models. Our results indicate that besides exhibiting suppressive function in vitro and in vivo, GMSCs may also regulate the conversion of Tregs to Th1 and/or Th17-like cells, as well as stabilize Foxp3 expression. Furthermore, GMSC-mediated prevention of acute GVHD was dependent on CD39 signaling that play an important role in the function and stability of Tregs. Finally, we also observed stronger protective ability of GMSCs with greater expansion ability compared with BMSCs or ASCs. These results indicate that human GMSCs have the potential to be used to treat GVHD.
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Zhang J, Chen Z, Zhou Z, Yang P, Wang CY. Sumoylation Modulates the Susceptibility to Type 1 Diabetes. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 963:299-322. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-50044-7_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Kim KW, Moon SJ, Park MJ, Kim BM, Kim EK, Lee SH, Lee EJ, Chung BH, Yang CW, Cho ML. Optimization of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells by rapamycin in a murine model of acute graft-versus-host disease. Stem Cell Res Ther 2015; 6:202. [PMID: 26497134 PMCID: PMC4619057 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-015-0197-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2015] [Revised: 05/07/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can protect bone marrow transplantation (BMT) recipients from the lethal acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) development. However, the mechanisms underlying the anti-inflammatory properties of MSCs in aGVHD remain to be elucidated. The immunoregulatory properties of MSCs are mediated by their production of anti-inflammatory molecules, including IL-10 and TGF-β. On the other hand, MSCs can also produce proinflammatory cytokines during their normal growth, such as IL-1β and IL-6. These opposite actions may limit their therapeutic application in aGVHD. Therefore, optimization of the functional properties of MSCs can increase their benefits. Methods The expressions of mRNA and protein were analyzed by real-time PCR and western blotting, respectively. Expression of MSC markers was assessed by flow cytometry. An animal model of aGVHD was established by transplanting C57BL/6 donor bone marrow cells and spleen cells into lethally irradiated BALB/c recipient mice. The recipient mice were divided into the control group and the therapy [adipose tissue-derived human MSCs (Ad-hMSCs) or rapamycin-treated Ad-hMSCs] groups. The survival, body weight and clinical score of aGVHD in transplanted mice were monitored. Results Rapamycin pre-treatment of Ad-hMSCs increased mRNA synthesis of IL-10, indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase, and TGF-β compared with untreated Ad-hMSCs. Rapamycin-treated Ad-hMSCs suppressed clonal expansion of interleukin-17-producing CD4+ T (Th17) cells more effectively than untreated cells. mRNA expression of autophagy markers such as ATG5, LC3A and LC3B was significantly increased in the rapamycin-treated Ad-hMSCs compared with untreated Ad-hMSCs. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that Ad-hMSCs exposure to rapamycin resulted in the appearance of autophagic vacuoles. Interestingly, in vitro migration efficiency of rapamycin-treated Ad-hMSCs toward the CD4+ T cells was increased significantly compared with the untreated cells. And, these effects were associated with autophagy induction capacity of rapamycin. In vivo, the inhibiting properties of MSCs on the clinical severities of aGVHD were greater in the mice receiving rapamycin-treated Ad-hMSCs compared with untreated Ad-hMSCs. The beneficial effects of rapamycin treatment in Ad-hMSCs shown in vivo were associated with a reduction of Th17 cells and an increase in regulatory T cells. Conclusions Rapamycin can optimize the immunomodulatory potential of Ad-hMSCs, suggesting a promising strategy of MSC use in aGVHD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoung-Woon Kim
- Convergent Research Consortium for Immunologic disease, Transplant Research Center, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Su-Jin Moon
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Min-Jung Park
- The Rheumatism Research Center, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Bo-Mi Kim
- Convergent Research Consortium for Immunologic disease, Transplant Research Center, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Eun-Kyung Kim
- The Rheumatism Research Center, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Sung-Hee Lee
- The Rheumatism Research Center, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Eun-Jung Lee
- The Rheumatism Research Center, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Byung-Ha Chung
- Convergent Research Consortium for Immunologic disease, Transplant Research Center, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea. .,Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Chul-Woo Yang
- Convergent Research Consortium for Immunologic disease, Transplant Research Center, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea. .,Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea. .,Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, 505 Banpo-Dong, Seocho-Ku, 137-040, , Seoul, Korea.
| | - Mi-La Cho
- Convergent Research Consortium for Immunologic disease, Transplant Research Center, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea. .,The Rheumatism Research Center, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea.
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