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Kember AJ, Selvarajan R, Park E, Huang H, Zia H, Rahman F, Akbarian S, Taati B, Hobson SR, Dolatabadi E. Vision-based detection and quantification of maternal sleeping position in the third trimester of pregnancy in the home setting-Building the dataset and model. PLOS DIGITAL HEALTH 2023; 2:e0000353. [PMID: 37788239 PMCID: PMC10547173 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pdig.0000353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
In 2021, the National Guideline Alliance for the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists reviewed the body of evidence, including two meta-analyses, implicating supine sleeping position as a risk factor for growth restriction and stillbirth. While they concluded that pregnant people should be advised to avoid going to sleep on their back after 28 weeks' gestation, their main critique of the evidence was that, to date, all studies were retrospective and sleeping position was not objectively measured. As such, the Alliance noted that it would not be possible to prospectively study the associations between sleeping position and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Our aim was to demonstrate the feasibility of building a vision-based model for automated and accurate detection and quantification of sleeping position throughout the third trimester-a model with the eventual goal to be developed further and used by researchers as a tool to enable them to either confirm or disprove the aforementioned associations. We completed a Canada-wide, cross-sectional study in 24 participants in the third trimester. Infrared videos of eleven simulated sleeping positions unique to pregnancy and a sitting position both with and without bed sheets covering the body were prospectively collected. We extracted 152,618 images from 48 videos, semi-randomly down-sampled and annotated 5,970 of them, and fed them into a deep learning algorithm, which trained and validated six models via six-fold cross-validation. The performance of the models was evaluated using an unseen testing set. The models detected the twelve positions, with and without bed sheets covering the body, achieving an average precision of 0.72 and 0.83, respectively, and an average recall ("sensitivity") of 0.67 and 0.76, respectively. For the supine class with and without bed sheets covering the body, the models achieved an average precision of 0.61 and 0.75, respectively, and an average recall of 0.74 and 0.81, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allan J. Kember
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Shiphrah Biomedical Inc., Toronto, Canada
| | - Rahavi Selvarajan
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Emma Park
- Shiphrah Biomedical Inc., Toronto, Canada
| | - Henry Huang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Hafsa Zia
- Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Farhan Rahman
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Babak Taati
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Vector Institute, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Sebastian R. Hobson
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Maternal-Fetal Medicine Division, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Elham Dolatabadi
- Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Vector Institute, Toronto, Canada
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Zinke K, Lehnert V, Fritsche A, Preissl H, Hallschmid M. Pregnant women do not display impaired memory formation across one night of sleep. J Sleep Res 2020; 30:e13204. [PMID: 32985760 DOI: 10.1111/jsr.13204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Forgetfulness is a common complaint of pregnant women, who also often report impaired nocturnal sleep. Considering sleep's well-known beneficial role in consolidating newly encoded memory content, we hypothesized that pregnant women would display detrimental changes in objective sleep measures and associated memory deficits. We compared the consolidation of declarative as well as procedural memory across sleep in 21 healthy, third-trimester pregnant women versus 20 matched non-pregnant controls. Subjects encoded and were tested on visuospatial and procedural memory tasks before and after, respectively, a night of sleep spent at home. The emergence of gist-based memories was tested with the Deese-Roediger-McDermott (DRM) paradigm. Sleep was polysomnographically recorded and subjective sleep quality was assessed with questionnaires. Although pregnant in comparison to non-pregnant women reported markedly impaired subjective sleep quality and efficiency, quantitative changes were limited to increases in wakefulness after sleep onset and reductions in rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. Retention of newly learned memory contents, which is believed to reflect sleep-associated memory consolidation, was comparable between groups, as was the formation of gist-based memories. The findings indicate that subjective deteriorations in sleep quality experienced by pregnant women are not necessarily linked to objective impairments. They raise the possibility that sufficient slow wave sleep towards the end of pregnancy allows for normal sleep-related memory consolidation. Although these results were obtained in a small number of pregnant women in very good health and should be corroborated in larger samples, they challenge the assumption of poor sleep and impaired memory as hallmarks of the "pregnancy brain".
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Zinke
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Behavioural Neurobiology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Vanessa Lehnert
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Behavioural Neurobiology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Andreas Fritsche
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Tübingen, Germany.,Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases, Helmholtz Center Munich at the University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Hubert Preissl
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Tübingen, Germany.,Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases, Helmholtz Center Munich at the University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Department of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Interfaculty Centre for Pharmacogenomics and Pharma Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Manfred Hallschmid
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Behavioural Neurobiology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Tübingen, Germany.,Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases, Helmholtz Center Munich at the University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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Casey T, Sun H, Burgess HJ, Crodian J, Dowden S, Cummings S, Plaut K, Haas D, Zhang L, Ahmed A. Delayed Lactogenesis II is Associated With Lower Sleep Efficiency and Greater Variation in Nightly Sleep Duration in the Third Trimester. J Hum Lact 2019; 35:713-724. [PMID: 30920856 DOI: 10.1177/0890334419830991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic and hormonal disturbances are associated with sleep disturbances and delayed onset of lactogenesis II. RESEARCH AIMS The aim of this study was to measure sleep using wrist actigraphy during gestation weeks 22 and 32 to determine if sleep characteristics were associated with blood glucose, body mass index, gestational related disease, delayed onset of lactogenesis II, or work schedule. METHODS Demographic data were collected at study intake from primiparous women who wore a wrist actigraph during gestation weeks 22 (n = 50) and 32 (n = 44). Start and end sleep time, total nighttime sleep, sleep efficiency, wake after sleep onset, and sleep fragmentation were measured. Night to night variability was assessed with the root mean square of successive difference. Blood glucose levels, body mass index, and gestational disease data were abstracted from medical charts. Timing of lactogenesis II was determined by survey. RESULTS Between gestation week 22 and 32, sleep efficiency decreased and fragmentation increased (p < .05). During gestation week 32, blood glucose was negatively correlated with sleep duration, and positively related to fragmentation (p < .05). Women who experienced delayed lactogenesis II had lower sleep efficiency and greater fragmentation (p < .05), and greater night-to-night variability in sleep start and end time, efficiency, and duration during gestation week 32 (p < .05). CONCLUSION Women with better sleep efficiency and more stable nightly sleep time are less likely to experience delayed onset of lactogenesis II. Interventions to improve sleep may improve maternal health and breastfeeding adequacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa Casey
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Hui Sun
- Department of Statistics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Helen J Burgess
- Department of Behavioral Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jennifer Crodian
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Shelley Dowden
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Shelby Cummings
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Karen Plaut
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - David Haas
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Lingsong Zhang
- Department of Statistics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.,Regenstrief Center for Healthcare Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Azza Ahmed
- School of Nursing, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
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Kuula L, Tamminen J, Makkonen T, Merikanto I, Räikkönen K, Pesonen AK. Higher sleep spindle activity is associated with fewer false memories in adolescent girls. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2018; 157:96-105. [PMID: 30553019 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2018.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Revised: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sleep facilitates the extraction of semantic regularities amongst newly encoded memories, which may also lead to increased false memories. We investigated sleep stage proportions and sleep spindles in the recollection of adolescents' false memories, and their potential sex-specific differences. METHODS 196 adolescents (mean age 16.9 y; SD = 0.1, 61% girls) underwent the Deese, Roediger & McDermott (DRM) false memory procedure and overnight polysomnography, with free recall the following morning. Sleep was scored manually into stages 1, 2, 3 and REM. Stage 2 sleep spindle frequency, density, and peak amplitude were used as measures of spindle activity for slow (10-13 Hz) and fast (13-16 Hz) ranges. RESULTS In girls, a lower number of critical lures was associated with higher spindle frequency (p ≤ 0.01), density (p ≤ 0.01), and amplitude (p = 0.03). Additionally, girls' longer sleep duration was associated with more intrusion words (p = 0.03), but not with critical lures. These associations survived adjustment for age, pubertal status, and intelligence. No significant results emerged in boys. CONCLUSIONS In adolescent girls, higher spindle activity was associated with fewer critical lures being falsely recalled in the DRM paradigm. Unlike studies using adult participants, we did not observe any association between slow-wave sleep and false memory recollection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liisa Kuula
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Jakke Tamminen
- Department of Psychology, Royal Holloway, University of London, United Kingdom
| | - Tommi Makkonen
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ilona Merikanto
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Katri Räikkönen
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anu-Katriina Pesonen
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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The effects of sleep restriction and sleep deprivation in producing false memories. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2017; 137:107-113. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2016.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Revised: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 11/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Calvillo DP, Parong JA, Peralta B, Ocampo D, Van Gundy R. Sleep Increases Susceptibility to the Misinformation Effect. APPLIED COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/acp.3259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dustin P. Calvillo
- Psychology Department; California State University San Marcos; San Marcos USA
| | - Jocelyn A. Parong
- Psychology Department; California State University San Marcos; San Marcos USA
| | - Briana Peralta
- Psychology Department; California State University San Marcos; San Marcos USA
| | - Derrick Ocampo
- Psychology Department; California State University San Marcos; San Marcos USA
| | - Rachael Van Gundy
- Psychology Department; California State University San Marcos; San Marcos USA
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Kim JH, Park EC, Yoo KB, Park S. The Association between Short or Long Sleep Times and Quality of Life (QOL): Results of the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES IV-V). J Clin Sleep Med 2015; 11:625-34. [PMID: 25979101 DOI: 10.5664/jcsm.4772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2014] [Accepted: 02/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES Sleep can affect quality of life (QOL). We examined the association between self-reported sleep time and QOL independent of perceived health status and depressive disorder using the EuroQol-5 Dimension (EQ-5D) and a visual analog scale (VAS). METHODS We used the nationwide cross-sectional survey data of 28,178 subjects from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) IV-V. Self-reported sleep time was assessed by average hours of sleep per day. QOL was measured using the EQ-5D and VAS. A generalized additive model and multiple linear regression analysis were used to estimate the effect of sleep time on the QOL while adjusting for potential confounding variables. RESULTS We found a significant inverted U-shaped relationship between sleep time and QOL using both the EQ-5D and VAS indices. Compared with subjects who slept 7 h/day, Korean men whose sleep time was very short (≤ 4 h/ day) or very long (≥ 10 h/day) had substantially worse QOL (-3.125 in EQ-5D, p < 0.001 and -4.387 on the VAS, p = 0.000 for ≤ 4 h/day; -1.763 in EQ-5D, p = 0.001 and -1.944 on the VAS for ≥ 10 h/day, all p = 0.038). A similar inverted U-shape was observed between sleep time and QOL in Korean women. CONCLUSIONS Inappropriate sleep time (either short or long) in both men and women was significantly associated with lower QOL. In particular, such an association was more apparent among persons whose perceived health status was poor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Hyun Kim
- Department of Public Health, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Cheol Park
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Bong Yoo
- Department of Public Health, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sohee Park
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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