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Baumbach JL, Mui CYY, Tuz Zahra F, Martin LJ. A single exposure to the predator odor 2,4,5-trimethylthiazoline causes long-lasting affective behavioral changes in female mice: Modulation by kappa opioid receptor signaling. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2024; 242:173822. [PMID: 38996927 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2024.173822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
The volatile compound 2,4,5-trimethylthiazoline (TMT, a synthetic predator scent) triggers fear, anxiety, and defensive responses in rodents that can outlast the encounter. The receptor systems underlying the development and persistence of TMT-induced behavioral changes remain poorly characterized, especially in females. Kappa opioid receptors regulate threat generalization and fear conditioning and alter basal anxiety, but their role in unconditioned fear responses in females has not been examined. Here, we investigated the effects of the long-lasting kappa opioid receptor antagonist, nor-binalthorphinmine dihydrochloride (nor-BNI; 10 mg/kg), on TMT-induced freezing and conditioned place aversion in female mice. We also measured anxiety-like behavior in the elevated plus maze three days after TMT and freezing behavior when returned to the TMT-paired context ten days after the single exposure. We found that 35μl of 10 % TMT elicited a robust freezing response during a five-minute exposure in female mice. TMT evoked persistent fear as measured by conditioned place aversion, reduced entries into the open arm of the elevated plus maze, and increased general freezing behavior long after TMT exposure. In line with the known role of kappa-opioid receptors in threat generalization, we found that kappa-opioid receptor antagonism increased basal freezing but reduced freezing during TMT presentation. Together, these findings indicate that a single exposure to TMT causes long-lasting changes in fear-related behavioral responses in female mice and highlights the modulatory role of kappa-opioid receptor signaling on fear-related behavioral patterns in females.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Loren J Martin
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Canada; Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Canada.
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2
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Szumiec L, Bugno R, Szumiec L, Przewlocki R. The Differential Influence of PZM21, A Nonrewarding μ-opioid Receptor Agonist With G Protein Bias, on Behavioural Despair and Fear Response in Mice. Behav Brain Res 2023; 449:114466. [PMID: 37146718 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2023.114466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
A growing body of evidence points out the involvement of the µ-opioid receptors in the modulation of stress-related behaviour. It has been suggested that µ-opioid receptor agonists may attenuate behavioural despair following animals' exposure to an acute, inescapable stressor. Moreover, morphine was shown to ameliorate fear memories caused by a traumatic experience. As typical µ-opioid receptor agonists entail a risk of serious side effects and addiction, novel, possibly safer and less addictive agonists of this receptor are currently under investigation. One of them, PZM21, preferentially acting via the G protein signalling pathway, was previously shown to be analgesic, but less addictive than morphine. Here, we aimed to further test this ligand in stress-related behavioural paradigms in mice. The study has shown that, unlike morphine, PZM21 does not decrease immobility in the forced swimming and tail suspension tests. On the other hand, we observed that both mice treated with PZM21 and those receiving morphine presented a slight attenuation of freezing across the consecutive fear memory retrievals in the fear conditioning test. Therefore, our study implies that at the range of tested doses, PZM21, a nonrewarding representative of G protein-biased µ-opioid receptor agonists, may interfere with fear memory consolidation while having no beneficial effects on behavioural despair in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucja Szumiec
- Department of Molecular Neuropharmacology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland.
| | - Ryszard Bugno
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland
| | - Lukasz Szumiec
- Department of Molecular Neuropharmacology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland
| | - Ryszard Przewlocki
- Department of Molecular Neuropharmacology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland
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3
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Dysfunctional Heteroreceptor Complexes as Novel Targets for the Treatment of Major Depressive and Anxiety Disorders. Cells 2022; 11:cells11111826. [PMID: 35681521 PMCID: PMC9180493 DOI: 10.3390/cells11111826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Among mental diseases, major depressive disorder (MDD) and anxiety deserve a special place due to their high prevalence and their negative impact both on society and patients suffering from these disorders. Consequently, the development of novel strategies designed to treat them quickly and efficiently, without or at least having limited side effects, is considered a highly important goal. Growing evidence indicates that emerging properties are developed on recognition, trafficking, and signaling of G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) upon their heteromerization with other types of GPCRs, receptor tyrosine kinases, and ionotropic receptors such as N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors. Therefore, to develop new treatments for MDD and anxiety, it will be important to identify the most vulnerable heteroreceptor complexes involved in MDD and anxiety. This review focuses on how GPCRs, especially serotonin, dopamine, galanin, and opioid heteroreceptor complexes, modulate synaptic and volume transmission in the limbic networks of the brain. We attempt to provide information showing how these emerging concepts can contribute to finding new ways to treat both MDD and anxiety disorders.
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4
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Seemiller LR, Mooney-Leber SM, Henry E, McGarvey A, Druffner A, Peltz G, Gould TJ. Genetic background determines behavioral responses during fear conditioning. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2021; 184:107501. [PMID: 34400349 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2021.107501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Freezing behavior is used as a measure of a rodent's ability to learn during fear conditioning. However, it is possible that the expression of other behaviors may compete with freezing, particularly in rodent populations that have not been thoroughly studied in this context. Rearing and grooming are complex behaviors that are frequently exhibited by mice during fear conditioning. Both behaviors have been shown to be stress-sensitive, and the expression of these behaviors is dependent upon strain background. To better understand how genetic background impacts behavioral responses during fear conditioning, we examined freezing, rearing, and grooming frequencies prior to fear conditioning training and across different stages of fear conditioning testing in male mice from eight inbred mouse strains (C57BL/6J, DBA/2J, FVB/NJ, SWR/J, BTBR T + ltpr3Tf/J, SM/J, LP/J, 129S1/SvlmJ) that exhibited diverse freezing responses. We found that genetic background determined rearing and grooming expression throughout fear conditioning, and their patterns of expression across stages of fear conditioning were strain dependent. Using publicly available SNP data, we found that polymorphisms in Dab1, a gene that is implicated in both grooming and learning phenotypes, separated the strains with high contextual grooming from the others using a hierarchical clustering analysis. This suggested a potential genetic mechanism for the observed behavioral differences. These findings demonstrate that genetic background determines behavioral responses during fear conditioning and suggest that shared genetic substrates underlie fear conditioning behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- L R Seemiller
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, Penn State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - S M Mooney-Leber
- Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin - Stevens Point, Stevens Point, WI, USA
| | - E Henry
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, Penn State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - A McGarvey
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, Penn State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - A Druffner
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, Penn State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - G Peltz
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative, and Pain Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - T J Gould
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, Penn State University, University Park, PA, USA.
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5
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Pajser A, Fisher H, Pickens CL. Pre-training naltrexone increases conditioned fear learning independent of adolescent alcohol consumption history. Physiol Behav 2021; 229:113212. [PMID: 33069685 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2020.113212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Revised: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Our previous research has shown a relationship between low voluntary alcohol consumption and high conditioned fear in male Long Evans rats. Here, we examined whether differences in the endogenous opioid systems might be responsible for these differences. Rats received 6 weeks of chronic intermittent to 20% alcohol (v/v) or water-only from PND 26-66. Based on their consumption during the last 2 weeks of alcohol access, the alcohol-access rats were divided into high drinking (>2.5 g/kg/24-h) or low drinking (<2 g/kg/24-h). Rats were then given injections of the preferential mu opioid receptor antagonist naltrexone (1 mg/kg, s.c.) or the selective kappa opioid receptor antagonist LY2456302 (10 mg/kg, s.c.) prior to fear conditioning and were then tested for conditioned fear 2 days later. Pre-training naltrexone increased conditioned suppression of lever-pressing during training and testing, with no differences between high versus low alcohol drinkers or between water-only versus alcohol access groups (averaged across drinking levels). There was no effect of LY2456302 on conditioned fear in any comparison. We also found no differences between high and low alcohol drinkers and no reliable effect of prior alcohol access (averaged across drinking levels) on conditioned fear. Our experiment replicates and extends previous demonstrations that a preferential MOR antagonist can increase fear learning using conditioned suppression of lever-pressing as a fear measure. However, additional research is needed to determine the cause of the differences in conditioned fear that we previously observed (as they were not observed in the current experiments).
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Affiliation(s)
- Alisa Pajser
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - Hayley Fisher
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - Charles L Pickens
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA.
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6
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Tejeda HA, Wang H, Flores RJ, Yarur HE. Dynorphin/Kappa-Opioid Receptor System Modulation of Cortical Circuitry. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2021; 271:223-253. [PMID: 33580392 DOI: 10.1007/164_2021_440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Cortical circuits control a plethora of behaviors, from sensation to cognition. The cortex is enriched with neuropeptides and receptors that play a role in information processing, including opioid peptides and their cognate receptors. The dynorphin (DYN)/kappa-opioid receptor (KOR) system has been implicated in the processing of sensory and motivationally-charged emotional information and is highly expressed in cortical circuits. This is important as dysregulation of DYN/KOR signaling in limbic and cortical circuits has been implicated in promoting negative affect and cognitive deficits in various neuropsychiatric disorders. However, research investigating the role of this system in controlling cortical circuits and computations therein is limited. Here, we review the (1) basic anatomy of cortical circuits, (2) anatomical architecture of the cortical DYN/KOR system, (3) functional regulation of cortical synaptic transmission and microcircuit function by the DYN/KOR system, (4) regulation of behavior by the cortical DYN/KOR system, (5) implications for the DYN/KOR system for human health and disease, and (6) future directions and unanswered questions for the field. Further work elucidating the role of the DYN/KOR system in controlling cortical information processing and associated behaviors will be of importance to increasing our understanding of principles underlying neuropeptide modulation of cortical circuits, mechanisms underlying sensation and perception, motivated and emotional behavior, and cognition. Increased emphasis in this area of study will also aid in the identification of novel ways to target the DYN/KOR system to treat neuropsychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo A Tejeda
- Unit on Neuromodulation and Synaptic Integration, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Huikun Wang
- Unit on Neuromodulation and Synaptic Integration, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Rodolfo J Flores
- Unit on Neuromodulation and Synaptic Integration, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Hector E Yarur
- Unit on Neuromodulation and Synaptic Integration, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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7
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Mooney-Leber SM, Zeid D, Garcia-Trevizo P, Seemiller LR, Bogue MA, Grubb SC, Peltz G, Gould TJ. Genetic Differences in Dorsal Hippocampus Acetylcholinesterase Activity Predict Contextual Fear Learning Across Inbred Mouse Strains. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:737897. [PMID: 34733190 PMCID: PMC8558262 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.737897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Learning is a critical behavioral process that is influenced by many neurobiological systems. We and others have reported that acetylcholinergic signaling plays a vital role in learning capabilities, and it is especially important for contextual fear learning. Since cholinergic signaling is affected by genetic background, we examined the genetic relationship between activity levels of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), the primary enzyme involved in the acetylcholine metabolism, and learning using a panel of 20 inbred mouse strains. We measured conditioned fear behavior and AChE activity in the dorsal hippocampus, ventral hippocampus, and cerebellum. Acetylcholinesterase activity varied among inbred mouse strains in all three brain regions, and there were significant inter-strain differences in contextual and cued fear conditioning. There was an inverse correlation between fear conditioning outcomes and AChE levels in the dorsal hippocampus. In contrast, the ventral hippocampus and cerebellum AChE levels were not correlated with fear conditioning outcomes. These findings strengthen the link between acetylcholine activity in the dorsal hippocampus and learning, and they also support the premise that the dorsal hippocampus and ventral hippocampus are functionally discrete.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean M Mooney-Leber
- Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point, Stevens Point, WI, United States
| | - Dana Zeid
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, United States
| | - Prescilla Garcia-Trevizo
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, United States
| | - Laurel R Seemiller
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, United States
| | - Molly A Bogue
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, United States
| | | | - Gary Peltz
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, United States
| | - Thomas J Gould
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, United States
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8
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Kappa Opioid Receptors in the Pathology and Treatment of Major Depressive Disorder. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2021; 271:493-524. [PMID: 33580854 DOI: 10.1007/164_2020_432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The kappa opioid receptor (KOR) is thought to regulate neural systems associated with anhedonia and aversion and mediate negative affective states that are associated with a number of psychiatric disorders, but especially major depressive disorder (MDD). Largely because KOR antagonists mitigate the effects of stress in preclinical studies, KOR antagonists have been recommended as novel drugs for treating MDD. The purpose of this review is to examine the role of KORs and its endogenous ligand dynorphins (DYNs) in the pathology and treatment of MDD derived from different types of clinical studies. Evidence pertaining to the role of KOR and MDD will be reviewed from (1) post mortem mRNA expression patterns in MDD, (2) the utility of KOR neuroimaging agents and serum biomarkers in MDD, and (3) evidence from the recent Fast Fail clinical trial that established KOR antagonism as a potential therapeutic strategy for the alleviation of anhedonia, a core feature of MDD. These findings are compared with a focused evaluation of stress-induced alterations in OPRK and PDYN mRNA expression. Finally, the current status of the effects of KOR antagonists on behavioral phenotypes of stress in preclinical studies related to MDD is summarized.
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9
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Browne CA, Lucki I. Targeting opioid dysregulation in depression for the development of novel therapeutics. Pharmacol Ther 2019; 201:51-76. [PMID: 31051197 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2019.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Since the serendipitous discovery of the first class of modern antidepressants in the 1950's, all pharmacotherapies approved by the Food and Drug Administration for major depressive disorder (MDD) have shared a common mechanism of action, increased monoaminergic neurotransmission. Despite the widespread availability of antidepressants, as many as 50% of depressed patients are resistant to these conventional therapies. The significant length of time required to produce meaningful symptom relief with these medications, 4-6 weeks, indicates that other mechanisms are likely involved in the pathophysiology of depression which may yield more viable targets for drug development. For decades, no viable candidate target with a different mechanism of action to that of conventional therapies proved successful in clinical studies. Now several exciting avenues for drug development are under intense investigation. One of these emerging targets is modulation of endogenous opioid tone. This review will evaluate preclinical and clinical evidence pertaining to opioid dysregulation in depression, focusing on the role of the endogenous ligands endorphin, enkephalin, dynorphin, and nociceptin/orphanin FQ (N/OFQ) and their respective receptors, mu (MOR), delta (DOR), kappa (KOR), and the N/OFQ receptor (NOP) in mediating behaviors relevant to depression and anxiety. Finally, putative opioid based antidepressants that are under investigation in clinical trials, ALKS5461, JNJ-67953964 (formerly LY2456302 and CERC-501) and BTRX-246040 (formerly LY-2940094) will be discussed. This review will illustrate the potential therapeutic value of targeting opioid dysregulation in developing novel therapies for MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline A Browne
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, United States of America
| | - Irwin Lucki
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, United States of America.
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10
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Enkephalins: Endogenous Analgesics with an Emerging Role in Stress Resilience. Neural Plast 2017; 2017:1546125. [PMID: 28781901 PMCID: PMC5525068 DOI: 10.1155/2017/1546125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Revised: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Psychological stress is a state of mental or emotional strain or tension that results from adverse or demanding circumstances. Chronic stress is well known to induce anxiety disorders and major depression; it is also considered a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease. Stress resilience is a positive outcome that is associated with preserved cognition and healthy aging. Resilience presents psychological and biological characteristics intrinsic to an individual conferring protection against the development of psychopathologies in the face of adversity. How can we promote or improve resilience to chronic stress? Numerous studies have proposed mechanisms that could trigger this desirable process. The roles of enkephalin transmission in the control of pain, physiological functions, like respiration, and affective disorders have been studied for more than 30 years. However, their role in the resilience to chronic stress has received much less attention. This review presents the evidence for an emerging involvement of enkephalin signaling through its two associated opioid receptors, μ opioid peptide receptor and δ opioid peptide receptor, in the natural adaptation to stressful lifestyles.
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Poznanski P, Lesniak A, Korostynski M, Szklarczyk K, Lazarczyk M, Religa P, Bujalska-Zadrozny M, Sadowski B, Sacharczuk M. Delta-opioid receptor antagonism leads to excessive ethanol consumption in mice with enhanced activity of the endogenous opioid system. Neuropharmacology 2017; 118:90-101. [PMID: 28322978 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2017.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2016] [Revised: 03/12/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The opioid system modulates the central reinforcing effects of ethanol and participates in the etiology of addiction. However, the pharmacotherapy of ethanol dependence targeted on the opioid system is little effective and varies due to individual patients' sensitivity. In the present study, we used two mouse lines with high (HA) and low (LA) activity of the endogenous opioid system to analyze the effect of opioid receptor blockade on ethanol drinking behavior. We found that LA and HA lines characterized by divergent magnitudes of swim stress-induced analgesia also differ in ethanol intake and preference. Downregulation of the opioid system in LA mice was associated with increased ethanol consumption. Treatment with a non-selective opioid receptor antagonist (naloxone) had no effect on ethanol intake in this line. Surprisingly, in HA mice, the blockage of opioid receptors led to excessive ethanol consumption. Moreover, naloxone selectively induced high levels of anxiety- and depressive-like behaviors in HA mice which was attenuated by ethanol. With the use of specific opioid receptor antagonists we showed that the naloxone-induced increase in ethanol drinking in HA mice is mediated mainly by δ and to a lower extent by μ opioid receptors. The effect of δ-opioid receptor antagonism was abolished in HA mice carrying a C320T transition in the δ-opioid receptor gene (EU446125.1), which impairs this receptor's function. Our results indicate that high activity of the opioid system plays a protective role against ethanol dependence. Therefore, its blockage with opioid receptor antagonists may lead to a profound increase in ethanol consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Poznanski
- Laboratory of Neurogenomics and Department of Animal Behaviour, Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzebiec, Postepu 36A Str., 05-552 Magdalenka, Poland
| | - Anna Lesniak
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michal Korostynski
- Department of Molecular Neuropharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, 12 Smetna Str., 31-343 Krakow, Poland
| | - Klaudia Szklarczyk
- Department of Molecular Neuropharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, 12 Smetna Str., 31-343 Krakow, Poland
| | - Marzena Lazarczyk
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hypertension and Vascular Diseases, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Religa
- Department of Medicine, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Magdalena Bujalska-Zadrozny
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Bogdan Sadowski
- Laboratory of Neurogenomics and Department of Animal Behaviour, Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzebiec, Postepu 36A Str., 05-552 Magdalenka, Poland
| | - Mariusz Sacharczuk
- Laboratory of Neurogenomics and Department of Animal Behaviour, Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzebiec, Postepu 36A Str., 05-552 Magdalenka, Poland; Department of Pharmacodynamics, Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland; Department of Internal Medicine, Hypertension and Vascular Diseases, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
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12
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Abstract
This paper is the thirty-eighth consecutive installment of the annual review of research concerning the endogenous opioid system. It summarizes papers published during 2015 that studied the behavioral effects of molecular, pharmacological and genetic manipulation of opioid peptides, opioid receptors, opioid agonists and opioid antagonists. The particular topics that continue to be covered include the molecular-biochemical effects and neurochemical localization studies of endogenous opioids and their receptors related to behavior, and the roles of these opioid peptides and receptors in pain and analgesia, stress and social status, tolerance and dependence, learning and memory, eating and drinking, drug abuse and alcohol, sexual activity and hormones, pregnancy, development and endocrinology, mental illness and mood, seizures and neurologic disorders, electrical-related activity and neurophysiology, general activity and locomotion, gastrointestinal, renal and hepatic functions, cardiovascular responses, respiration and thermoregulation, and immunological responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Bodnar
- Department of Psychology and Neuropsychology Doctoral Sub-Program, Queens College, City University of New York, Flushing, NY 11367, United States.
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13
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Endogenous opioids regulate glucocorticoid-dependent stress-coping strategies in mice. Neuroscience 2016; 330:121-37. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2016.05.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Revised: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 05/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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