1
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Liu T, Wu Y, Ye A, Cao L, Cao Y. Two-stage sparse multi-objective evolutionary algorithm for channel selection optimization in BCIs. Front Hum Neurosci 2024; 18:1400077. [PMID: 38841120 PMCID: PMC11150693 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2024.1400077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Channel selection has become the pivotal issue affecting the widespread application of non-invasive brain-computer interface systems in the real world. However, constructing suitable multi-objective problem models alongside effective search strategies stands out as a critical factor that impacts the performance of multi-objective channel selection algorithms. This paper presents a two-stage sparse multi-objective evolutionary algorithm (TS-MOEA) to address channel selection problems in brain-computer interface systems. Methods In TS-MOEA, a two-stage framework, which consists of the early and late stages, is adopted to prevent the algorithm from stagnating. Furthermore, The two stages concentrate on different multi-objective problem models, thereby balancing convergence and population diversity in TS-MOEA. Inspired by the sparsity of the correlation matrix of channels, a sparse initialization operator, which uses a domain-knowledge-based score assignment strategy for decision variables, is introduced to generate the initial population. Moreover, a Score-based mutation operator is utilized to enhance the search efficiency of TS-MOEA. Results The performance of TS-MOEA and five other state-of-the-art multi-objective algorithms has been evaluated using a 62-channel EEG-based brain-computer interface system for fatigue detection tasks, and the results demonstrated the effectiveness of TS-MOEA. Conclusion The proposed two-stage framework can help TS-MOEA escape stagnation and facilitate a balance between diversity and convergence. Integrating the sparsity of the correlation matrix of channels and the problem-domain knowledge can effectively reduce the computational complexity of TS-MOEA while enhancing its optimization efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyu Liu
- School of Information Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Wu
- School of Information Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai, China
| | - An Ye
- School of Information Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Cao
- School of Information Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongnian Cao
- Tiktok Incorporation, San Jose, CA, United States
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2
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Zhou Q, Song P, Wang X, Lin H, Wang Y. Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Over the Right Posterior Superior Temporal Sulcus Promotes the Feature Discrimination Processing. Front Hum Neurosci 2021; 15:663789. [PMID: 34220471 PMCID: PMC8253362 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2021.663789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Attention is the dynamic process of allocating limited resources to the information that is most relevant to our goals. Accumulating studies have demonstrated the crucial role of frontal and parietal areas in attention. However, the effect of posterior superior temporal sulcus (pSTS) in attention is still unclear. To address this question, in this study, we measured transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)-induced event-related potentials (ERPs) to determine the extent of involvement of the right pSTS in attentional processing. We hypothesized that TMS would enhance the activation of the right pSTS during feature discrimination processing. We recruited 21 healthy subjects who performed the dual-feature delayed matching task while undergoing single-pulse sham or real TMS to the right pSTS 300 ms before the second stimulus onset. The results showed that the response time was reduced by real TMS of the pSTS as compared to sham stimulation. N270 amplitude was reduced during conflict processing, and the time-varying network analysis revealed increased connectivity between the frontal lobe and temporo-parietal and occipital regions. Thus, single-pulse TMS of the right pSTS enhances feature discrimination processing and task performance by reducing N270 amplitude and increasing connections between the frontal pole and temporo-parietal and occipital regions. These findings provide evidence that the right pSTS facilitates feature discrimination by accelerating the formation of a dynamic network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qihui Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Penghui Song
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xueming Wang
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hua Lin
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuping Wang
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Institute of Sleep and Consciousness Disorders, Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuromodulation, Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Commission, Beijing, China
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3
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Galigani M, Ronga I, Bruno V, Castellani N, Rossi Sebastiano A, Fossataro C, Garbarini F. Face-like configurations modulate electrophysiological mismatch responses. Eur J Neurosci 2020; 53:1869-1884. [PMID: 33332658 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The human face is one of the most salient stimuli in the environment. It has been suggested that even basic face-like configurations (three dots composing a downward pointing triangle) may convey salience. Interestingly, stimulus salience can be signaled by mismatch detection phenomena, characterized by greater amplitudes of event-related potentials (ERPs) in response to relevant novel stimulation as compared to non-relevant repeated events. Here, we investigate whether basic face-like stimuli are salient enough to modulate mismatch detection phenomena. ERPs are elicited by a pair of sequentially presented visual stimuli (S1-S2), delivered at a constant 1-s interval, representing either a face-like stimulus (Upright configuration) or three neutral configurations (Inverted, Leftwards, and Rightwards configurations), that are obtained by rotating the Upright configuration along the three different axes. In pairs including a canonical face-like stimulus, we observe a more effective mismatch detection mechanism, with significantly larger N270 and P300 components when S2 is different from S1 as compared to when S2 is identical to S1. This ERP modulation, not significant in pairs excluding face-like stimuli, reveals that mismatch detection phenomena are significantly affected by basic face-like configurations. Even though further experiments are needed to ascertain whether this effect is specifically elicited by face-like configuration rather than by particular orientation changes, our findings suggest that face essential, structural attributes are salient enough to affect change detection processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattia Galigani
- MANIBUS Lab, Department of Psychology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Irene Ronga
- MANIBUS Lab, Department of Psychology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.,BIP Research Group, Department of Psychology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Valentina Bruno
- MANIBUS Lab, Department of Psychology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Nicolò Castellani
- MANIBUS Lab, Department of Psychology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Carlotta Fossataro
- MANIBUS Lab, Department of Psychology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Francesca Garbarini
- MANIBUS Lab, Department of Psychology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.,Neuroscience Institute of Turin (NIT), Turin, Italy
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4
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Galigani M, Ronga I, Fossataro C, Bruno V, Castellani N, Rossi Sebastiano A, Forster B, Garbarini F. Like the back of my hand: Visual ERPs reveal a specific change detection mechanism for the bodily self. Cortex 2020; 134:239-252. [PMID: 33307269 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2020.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The ability to identify our own body is considered a pivotal marker of self-awareness. Previous research demonstrated that subjects are more efficient in the recognition of images representing self rather than others' body effectors (self-advantage). Here, we verified whether, at an electrophysiological level, bodily-self recognition modulates change detection responses. In a first EEG experiment (discovery sample), event-related potentials (ERPs) were elicited by a pair of sequentially presented visual stimuli (vS1; vS2), representing either the self-hand or other people's hands. In a second EEG experiment (replicating sample), together with the previously described visual stimuli, also a familiar hand was presented. Participants were asked to decide whether vS2 was identical or different from vS1. Accuracy and response times were collected. In both experiments, results confirmed the presence of the self-advantage: participants responded faster and more accurately when the self-hand was presented. ERP results paralleled behavioral findings. Anytime the self-hand was presented, we observed significant change detection responses, with a larger N270 component for vS2 different rather than identical to vS1. Conversely, when the self-hand was not included, and even in response to the familiar hand in Experiment 2, we did not find any significant modulation of the change detection responses. Overall our findings, showing behavioral self-advantage and the selective modulation of N270 for the self-hand, support the existence of a specific mechanism devoted to bodily-self recognition, likely relying on the multimodal (visual and sensorimotor) dimension of the bodily-self representation. We propose that such a multimodal self-representation may activate the salience network, boosting change detection effects specifically for the self-hand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattia Galigani
- Manibus Lab, Psychology Department, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Irene Ronga
- Manibus Lab, Psychology Department, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
| | | | - Valentina Bruno
- Manibus Lab, Psychology Department, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Nicolò Castellani
- Manibus Lab, Psychology Department, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Bettina Forster
- Cognitive Neuroscience Research Unit, Psychology Department, City, University of London, UK
| | - Francesca Garbarini
- Manibus Lab, Psychology Department, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; Neuroscience Institute of Turin, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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5
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Cao S, Wang Y, Wang H, Chen H, Zhang G, Kritikos A. A Facilitatory Effect of Perceptual Incongruity on Target-Source Matching in Pictorial Metaphors of Chinese Advertising: EEG Evidence. Adv Cogn Psychol 2020; 16:1-12. [PMID: 32537039 PMCID: PMC7278523 DOI: 10.5709/acp-0279-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Using evoked response potentials, we investigated the implicit detection of incongruity during target-source matching in pictorial metaphors of Chinese advertising. Participants saw an image of a product (the target in a visual metaphorical relationship), and then made a same-different judgment in response to a second image (the source in a visual metaphorical relationship) which was (in)congruous to the first image in terms of shape and/or function. We collected behavioral (button-press reaction time and accuracy), and neural (N270, delta and theta band activity) measures. The time-frequency analysis showed faster processing of incongruous visual information. Moreover, shape and conceptual incongruity were associated with increased N270 amplitude as well as delta (1-3 Hz) and theta (4-8 Hz) band power. Noticeably, compared with conceptual incongruity, shape incongruity evoked a larger N270 amplitude and stronger delta and theta band oscillation. In addition, the average topographical analysis revealed a frontal and central distribution of the power activity. The analysis of attitudes towards the advertising metaphor pictures also proved the supportive role played by incongruity. In conclusion, incongruity facilitates target-source matching in pictorial metaphors of Chinese advertising. The findings obtained from the study are important to metaphor designs of advertising pictures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Cao
- School of Foreign Languages, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Yanzhang Wang
- School of Economics and Management, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Huili Wang
- School of Foreign Languages, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Hongjun Chen
- School of Foreign Languages, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Guanghui Zhang
- Faculty of Information Technology, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Ada Kritikos
- School of Psychology, University of Queensland, Australia
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6
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Does the aura surrounding healthy-related imported products fade in China? ERP evidence for the country-of-origin stereotype. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0216866. [PMID: 31120899 PMCID: PMC6532883 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0216866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Chinese consumers’ craze about imported products, especially foods and drugs, peaked after various safety incidents, such as the contamination of Chinese dairy products. Recently, this boom has gradually receded because of the constant quality problems of imported products and the stricter safety supervision of domestic products. Researchers have measured consumer’s perception toward domestic and imported products in various ways. In the current research, we investigated whether the country-of-origin stereotype has weakened in Chinese young consumers at the neurological level. By using a word-pair paradigm, 21 young participants were required to classify positive or negative words while event-related potentials were recorded. The results showed that reaction time to identify negative words following presentation of imported products (imported-negative condition) was longer than domestic products (domestic-negative condition). The amplitudes of N270 and LPP evoked in the imported-negative condition were significantly larger than those in the domestic-negative condition, possibly reflecting the higher expectation conflict when participate identified the adjectives as negative primed by imported healthy-related products. These findings revealed that young Chinese consumers still evaluated imported products better than domestic products.
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7
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Inattentional deafness to auditory alarms: Inter-individual differences, electrophysiological signature and single trial classification. Behav Brain Res 2018; 360:51-59. [PMID: 30508609 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2018.11.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Revised: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Inattentional deafness can have deleterious consequences in complex real-life situations (e.g. healthcare, aviation) leading to miss critical auditory signals. Such failure of auditory attention is thought to rely on top-down biasing mechanisms at the central executive level. A complementary approach to account for this phenomenon is to consider the existence of visual dominance over hearing that could be implemented via direct visual-to-auditory pathways. To investigate this phenomenon, thirteen aircraft pilots, equipped with a 32-channel EEG system, faced a low and high workload scenarii along with an auditory oddball task in a motion flight simulator. Prior to the flying task, the pilots were screened to assess their working memory span and visual dominance susceptibility. The behavioral results disclosed that the volunteers missed 57.7% of the auditory alarms in the difficult condition. Among all evaluated capabilities, only the visual dominance index was predictive of the miss rate in the difficult scenario. These findings provide behavioral evidences that other early cross-modal competitive process than top down modulation process could account for inattentional deafness. The electrophysiological analyses showed that the miss over the hit alarms led to a significant amplitude reduction of early perceptual (N100) and late attentional (P3a and P3b) event-related potentials components. Eventually, we implemented an EEG-based processing pipeline to perform single-trial classification of inattentional deafness. The results indicate that this processing chain could be used in an ecological setting as it led to 72.2% mean accuracy to discriminate missed from hit auditory alarms.
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8
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Huang W, Liu S, Luo B, Meng H, Ji M, Li M, Chen X, Tao L. Automatic Conflict Monitoring by Event-Related Potentials Could be used to Estimate Visual Acuity Levels. Neuroscience 2018; 374:1-12. [PMID: 29378281 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2018.01.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2017] [Revised: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Numerous studies have explored the physical attribute features or face perceptions in conflict processing, while complicate gradient conflicts were rarely discussed. The aim of the study was to discuss the relationship between the event-related potential (ERP) component features and different visual acuity levels by using the modified S1-S2 task under non-attention status. Three visual acuity levels were applied, each with four orientations of "E" optotype stimuli randomly presented in the center of the visual field while participants were required to concentrate on listening to stories. The results showed that the amplitudes of P1 and P3 as well as difference P3 were larger in supra-threshold condition. In threshold condition, larger amplitudes for both N2 and difference N2 exhibited in frontal and central areas. In sub-threshold condition, there was no endogenous component elicited by mismatch stimuli except smaller anterior N1. Meanwhile, the specific distributions of N1 and N2 were presented and compared with previous face processing. The findings showed that visual conflict processing took place not only at an early stage but also at the late period, which might be as the consequences of interaction between conflict strength and involuntary attention. We concluded that automatic conflict detecting of visual icons by the serial ERP components could distinguish different visual acuity levels. The involvement of endogenous components could reveal the specific mechanism of more precise and fine conflict identification of complex physical attributes under non-attention status, furthermore could be used as valid markers to estimate the magnitude of visual acuity objectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Huang
- Department of Forensic Science, Soochow University, 215021 Suzhou, China
| | - Sinan Liu
- Department of Forensic Science, Soochow University, 215021 Suzhou, China
| | - Bin Luo
- Department of Forensic Science, Soochow University, 215021 Suzhou, China
| | - Huanhuan Meng
- Department of Forensic Science, Soochow University, 215021 Suzhou, China
| | - Mengmeng Ji
- Department of Forensic Science, Soochow University, 215021 Suzhou, China
| | - Maojuan Li
- Department of Forensic Science, Soochow University, 215021 Suzhou, China
| | - Xiping Chen
- Department of Forensic Science, Soochow University, 215021 Suzhou, China.
| | - Luyang Tao
- Department of Forensic Science, Soochow University, 215021 Suzhou, China.
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9
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Event-related potential N270 as an index of social information conflict in explicit processing. Int J Psychophysiol 2018; 123:199-206. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2017.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Revised: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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10
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Liang T, Hu Z, Li Y, Ye C, Liu Q. Electrophysiological Correlates of Change Detection during Delayed Matching Task: A Comparison of Different References. Front Neurosci 2017; 11:527. [PMID: 29018318 PMCID: PMC5623019 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2017.00527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Detecting the changed information between memory representation and incoming sensory inputs is a fundamental cognitive ability. By offering the promise of excellent temporal resolution, event-related potential (ERP) technique has served as a primary tool for studying this process with reference of the linked mastoid (LM). However, given that LM may distort the ERP signals, it is still undetermined whether LM is the best reference choice. The goal of the current study was to systematically compare LM, reference electrode standardization technique (REST) and average reference (AR) for assessing the ERP correlates of change detection during a delayed matching task. Colored shapes were adopted as materials while both the task-relevant shape feature and -irrelevant color feature could be changed. The results of the ERP amplitude showed that both of the task-relevant and -conjunction feature changes elicited significantly more positive posterior P2 in REST and AR, but not in LM. Besides, significantly increased N270 was observed in task-relevant and -conjunction feature changes in both the REST and LM, but in the conjunction feature change in AR. Only the REST-obtained N270 revealed a significant increment in task-irrelevant feature change, which was compatible with the delayed behavioral performance. Statistical parametric scalp mapping (SPSM) results showed a left posterior distribution for AR, an anterior distribution for LM, and both the anterior and left posterior distributions for REST. These results indicate that different types of references may provide distinct cognitive interpretations. Interestingly, only the SPSM of REST was consistent with previous fMRI findings. Combined with the evidence of simulation studies and the current observations, we take the REST-based results as the objective one, and recommend using REST technology in the future ERP data analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengfei Liang
- Research Center of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
| | - Zhonghua Hu
- Research Center of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
| | - Yuchen Li
- Research Center of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
| | - Chaoxiong Ye
- Research Center of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China.,Department of Psychology, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.,Faculty of Information Technology, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Qiang Liu
- Research Center of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
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11
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Durantin G, Dehais F, Gonthier N, Terzibas C, Callan DE. Neural signature of inattentional deafness. Hum Brain Mapp 2017; 38:5440-5455. [PMID: 28744950 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.23735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Revised: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Inattentional deafness is the failure to hear otherwise audible sounds (usually alarms) that may occur under high workload conditions. One potential cause for its occurrence could be an attentional bottleneck that occurs when task demands are high, resulting in lack of resources for processing of additional tasks. In this fMRI experiment, we explore the brain regions active during the occurrence of inattentional deafness using a difficult perceptual-motor task in which the participants fly through a simulated Red Bull air race course and at the same time push a button on the joystick to the presence of audio alarms. Participants were instructed to focus on the difficult piloting task and to press the button on the joystick quickly when they noticed an audio alarm. The fMRI results revealed that audio misses relative to hits had significantly greater activity in the right inferior frontal gyrus IFG and the superior medial frontal cortex. Consistent with an attentional bottleneck, activity in these regions was also present for poor flying performance (contrast of gates missed versus gates passed for the flying task). A psychophysiological interaction analysis from the IFG identified reduced effective connectivity to auditory processing regions in the right superior temporal gyrus for missed audio alarms relative to audio alarms that were heard. This study identifies a neural signature of inattentional deafness in an ecologically valid situation by directly measuring differences in brain activity and effective connectivity between audio alarms that were not heard compared to those that were heard. Hum Brain Mapp 38:5440-5455, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gautier Durantin
- Center for Information and Neural Networks (CiNet), National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT), Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.,Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Toulouse, France.,School of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Frederic Dehais
- Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Toulouse, France
| | - Nicolas Gonthier
- Center for Information and Neural Networks (CiNet), National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT), Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.,Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Toulouse, France
| | - Cengiz Terzibas
- Multisensory Cognition and Computation Laboratory, Universal Communication Research Institute, National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Daniel E Callan
- Center for Information and Neural Networks (CiNet), National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT), Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.,Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Toulouse, France.,Multisensory Cognition and Computation Laboratory, Universal Communication Research Institute, National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, Kyoto, Japan
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