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Shi P, Chen W, Li J, Weng Y, Zhang M, Zheng X. Novelty-retrieval-extinction paradigm to decrease high-intensity fear memory recurrence. J Affect Disord 2024; 354:26-35. [PMID: 38452938 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.02.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The retrieval-extinction paradigm based on memory reconsolidation can prevent fear memory recurrence more effectively than the extinction paradigm. High-intensity fear memories tend to resist reconsolidation. Novelty-retrieval-extinction can promote the reconsolidation of fear memory lacking neuroplasticity in rodents; however, whether it could effectively promote high-intensity fear memory reconsolidation in humans remains unclear. METHODS Using 120 human participants, we implemented the use of the environment (novel vs. familiar) with the help of virtual reality technology. Novelty environment exploration was combined with retrieval-extinction in fear memory of two intensity levels (normal vs. high) to examine whether novelty facilitates the reconsolidation of high-intensity fear memory and prevents recurrence. Skin conductance responses were used to clarify novelty-retrieval-extinction effects at the behavioral level across three experiments. RESULTS Retrieval-extinction could prevent the reinstatement of normal-intensity fear memory; however, for high-intensity fear memory, only the novelty-retrieval-extinction could prevent recurrence; we further validated that novelty-retrieval-extinction may be effective only when the environment is novel. LIMITATIONS Although the high-intensity fear memory is higher than normal-intensity in this study, it may be insufficient relative to fear experienced in real-world contexts or by individuals with mental disorders. CONCLUSIONS To some extent, these findings indicate that the novelty-retrieval-extinction paradigm could prevent the recurrence of high-intensity fear memory, and we infer that novelty of environment may play an important role in novelty-retrieval-extinction paradigm. The results of this study have positive implications for the existing retrieval extinction paradigm and the clinical treatment of phobia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Shi
- School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China; Center for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Chen
- School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China; Center for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junjiao Li
- College of Teacher Education, Guangdong University of Education, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuhan Weng
- School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China; Center for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mingyue Zhang
- School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China; Center for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xifu Zheng
- School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China; Center for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China.
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Pan DN, Hoid D, Wolf OT, Merz CJ, Li X. Conflict Dynamics of Post-Retrieval Extinction: A Comparative Analysis of Unconditional and Conditional Reminders Using Skin Conductance Responses and EEG. Brain Topogr 2024:10.1007/s10548-024-01051-5. [PMID: 38635017 DOI: 10.1007/s10548-024-01051-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
The post-retrieval extinction paradigm, rooted in reconsolidation theory, holds promise for enhancing extinction learning and addressing anxiety and trauma-related disorders. This study investigates the impact of two reminder types, mild US-reminder (US-R) and CS-reminder (CS-R), along with a no-reminder extinction, on fear recovery prevention in a categorical fear conditioning paradigm. Scalp EEG recordings during reminder and extinction processes were conducted in a three-day design. Results show that the US-R group exhibits a distinctive extinction learning pattern, characterized by a slowed-down yet successful process and pronounced theta-alpha desynchronization (source-located in the prefrontal cortex) during CS processing, followed by enhanced synchronization (source-located in the anterior cingulate) after shock cancellation in extinction trials. These neural dynamics correlate with the subtle advantage of US-R in the Day 3 recovery test, presenting faster spontaneous recovery fading and generally lower fear reinstatement responses. Conversely, the CS reminder elicits CS-specific effects in later episodic tests. The unique neural features of the US-R group suggest a larger prediction error and subsequent effortful conflict learning processes, warranting further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Ni Pan
- School of Psychology, Beijing Language and Culture University, Beijing, 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No 16 Lincui Rd Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, China
- Department of Cognitive Psychology, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Delhii Hoid
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No 16 Lincui Rd Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, China
- Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Oliver T Wolf
- Department of Cognitive Psychology, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Christian J Merz
- Department of Cognitive Psychology, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Xuebing Li
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No 16 Lincui Rd Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, China.
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Borges Silva M, Torezan Silingardi Del Claro T, Barbosa Soares A. Induction of Prediction Error During Memory Reconsolidation Strengthens Recent Motor Skills. Neuroscience 2023; 527:84-91. [PMID: 37487822 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2023.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated strategies based on the reconsolidation process to promote the strengthening effect of human motor memory. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of reactivating the memory of a newly acquired motor skill and performing interventions during its reconsolidation process on motor performance. Sixty healthy participants learned a new Sequential Visual Isometric Pinch Task - SVIPT during the first experimental session. In the second experimental session that was held on the same day, 6 h after session 1, the participants were divided into six different groups. In session 2, there were distinctions between the experimental groups concerning two issues: the presence or absence of a formal memory reactivation session characterized by the execution of repetitions of the learned motor task and the execution of different types of interventions after reactivation (training with the original, slightly modified, or moderately modified motor task). All groups performed the third session to retest the learned motor skill, 24 h after session 1. The results showed that using training with moderate task variability during memory reconsolidation provides greater motor skill performance gain when compared to repetitive training of the same learned task. Furthermore, performing a session exclusively dedicated to reactivation with the practice of the originally learned task was not a determining condition for recent motor memory reactivation, but rather the induction of prediction error during the reactivation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alcimar Barbosa Soares
- Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Federal University of Uberlandia, Brazil.
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Stee W, Peigneux P. Does Motor Memory Reactivation through Practice and Post-Learning Sleep Modulate Consolidation? Clocks Sleep 2023; 5:72-84. [PMID: 36810845 PMCID: PMC9944088 DOI: 10.3390/clockssleep5010008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Retrieving previously stored information makes memory traces labile again and can trigger restabilization in a strengthened or weakened form depending on the reactivation condition. Available evidence for long-term performance changes upon reactivation of motor memories and the effect of post-learning sleep on their consolidation remains scarce, and so does the data on the ways in which subsequent reactivation of motor memories interacts with sleep-related consolidation. Eighty young volunteers learned (Day 1) a 12-element Serial Reaction Time Task (SRTT) before a post-training Regular Sleep (RS) or Sleep Deprivation (SD) night, either followed (Day 2) by morning motor reactivation through a short SRTT testing or no motor activity. Consolidation was assessed after three recovery nights (Day 5). A 2 × 2 ANOVA carried on proportional offline gains did not evidence significant Reactivation (Morning Reactivation/No Morning Reactivation; p = 0.098), post-training Sleep (RS/SD; p = 0.301) or Sleep*Reactivation interaction (p = 0.257) effect. Our results are in line with prior studies suggesting a lack of supplementary performance gains upon reactivation, and other studies that failed to disclose post-learning sleep-related effects on performance improvement. However, lack of overt behavioural effects does not detract from the possibility of sleep- or reconsolidation-related covert neurophysiological changes underlying similar behavioural performance levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Whitney Stee
- UR2NF—Neuropsychology and Functional Neuroimaging Research Unit Affiliated at CRCN—Centre for Research in Cognition and Neurosciences and UNI—ULB Neuroscience Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium
- GIGA—Cyclotron Research Centre—In Vivo Imaging, University of Liège (ULiège), 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Philippe Peigneux
- UR2NF—Neuropsychology and Functional Neuroimaging Research Unit Affiliated at CRCN—Centre for Research in Cognition and Neurosciences and UNI—ULB Neuroscience Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium
- GIGA—Cyclotron Research Centre—In Vivo Imaging, University of Liège (ULiège), 4000 Liège, Belgium
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After 55 Years of Neurorehabilitation, What Is the Plan? Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12080982. [PMID: 35892423 PMCID: PMC9330852 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12080982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurological disorders often cause severe long-term disabilities with substantial activity limitations and participation restrictions such as community integration, family functioning, employment, social interaction and participation. Increasing understanding of brain functioning has opened new perspectives for more integrative interventions, boosting the intrinsic central nervous system neuroplastic capabilities in order to achieve efficient behavioral restitution. Neurorehabilitation must take into account the many aspects of the individual through a comprehensive analysis of actual and potential cognitive, behavioral, emotional and physical skills, while increasing awareness and understanding of the new self of the person being dealt with. The exclusive adoption by the rehabilitator of objective functional measures often overlooks the values and goals of the disabled person. Indeed, each individual has their own rhythm, unique life history and personality construct. In this challenging context, it is essential to deepen the assessment through subjective measures, which more adequately reflect the patient’s perspective in order to shape genuinely tailored instead of standardized neurorehabilitation approaches. In this overly complex panorama, where confounding and prognostic factors also strongly influence potential functional recovery, the healthcare community needs to rethink neurorehabilitation formats.
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Restraint stress potentiates neuropeptide Y-mediated impairment on spatial memory in rats. Behav Brain Res 2022; 419:113705. [PMID: 34871704 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2021.113705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Memory is the ability to store, retrieve and use information that requires a progressive time-dependent stabilization process known as consolidation to be established. The hippocampus is essential for processing all the information that forms memory, especially spatial memory. Neuropeptide Y (NPY) affects memory, so in this study we investigated the participation and recruitment of NPY receptors during spatial memory consolidation in rats. Using the water maze test, we show that NPY (1 pmol) injected into the dorsal hippocampus impaired memory consolidation and that previous restraint stress (30 min) potentiates NPY effects, i.e. further impaired memory consolidation. Using selective antagonists for NPY Y1 and Y2 receptors we demonstrate that both receptors play a key role on spatial memory consolidation. Our data suggest that NPY modulates aversive and adaptive memory formation by NPY receptors activation.
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Su L, Mao J, Wang S, Hu Y. A bimodal electrochemiluminescence method based on dual-enhancement Ru(bpy)32+/CQDs/AA system combined with magnetic field enhanced solid-phase microextraction for the direct determination of ascorbic acid. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2020.114376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Melo MC, Macedo DR, Soares AB. Divergent Findings in Brain Reorganization After Spinal Cord Injury: A Review. J Neuroimaging 2020; 30:410-427. [PMID: 32418286 DOI: 10.1111/jon.12711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) leads to a general lack of sensory and motor functions below the level of injury and may promote deafferentation-induced brain reorganization. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has been established as an essential tool in neuroscience research and can precisely map the spatiotemporal distribution of brain activity. Task-based fMRI experiments associated with the tongue, upper limbs, or lower limbs have been used as the primary paradigms to study brain reorganization following SCI. A review of the current literature on the subject shows one common trait: while most articles agree that brain networks are usually preserved after SCI, and that is not the case as some articles describe possible alterations in brain activation after the lesion. There is no consensus if those alterations indeed occur. In articles that show alterations, there is no agreement if they are transient or permanent. Besides, there is no consensus on which areas are most prone to activation changes, or on the intensity and direction (increase vs. decrease) of those possible changes. In this article, we present a critical review of the literature and trace possible reasons for those contradictory findings on brain reorganization following SCI. fMRI studies based on the ankle dorsiflexion, upper-limb, and tongue paradigms are used as case studies for the analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Cardoso Melo
- Biomedical Engineering Lab, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Dhainner Rocha Macedo
- Biomedical Engineering Lab, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Alcimar Barbosa Soares
- Biomedical Engineering Lab, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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