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Balikoğlu P, Oflu A, Bükülmez A. Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, red cell distribution width and mean platelet volume as practical markers in febrile seizure classification. REVISTA PAULISTA DE PEDIATRIA : ORGAO OFICIAL DA SOCIEDADE DE PEDIATRIA DE SAO PAULO 2023; 42:e2023016. [PMID: 37937678 PMCID: PMC10627481 DOI: 10.1590/1984-0462/2024/42/2023016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, red cell distribution width and mean platelet volume in patients with febrile seizure and to determine their role in febrile seizure classification. METHODS This was a retrospective hospital-based study conducted among patients aged 5 to 72 months admitted with febrile seizure. Children who had febrile seizures due to upper respiratory tract infection were included in the study. The children were divided into two groups: simple febrile seizures and complex febrile seizures. Patients with a history of febrile status epilepticus, previous convulsions, use of antiepileptic or other chronic drugs, foci of infection other than the upper respiratory tract infection, abnormal biochemical parameters, and chronic mental or physical disease were excluded from the study. Clinical and laboratory findings of the patients were obtained from digital medical records. RESULTS The records of 112 febrile seizure patients were reviewed, and 89 were grouped as simple and 23 as complex febrile seizures. Although there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of the mean red cell distribution width values (p=0.703), neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio and mean platelet volume were significantly higher in patients with complex febrile seizures (p=0.034, p=0.037; respectively). CONCLUSIONS This study showed that neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio and mean platelet volume could be practical and inexpensive clinical markers for febrile seizure classification. A similar result could not be reached for red cell distribution width in this study. These findings should be supported by multicenter studies with large samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pelin Balikoğlu
- Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | - Ayse Oflu
- Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | - Ayşegül Bükülmez
- Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
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2
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Cheng Y, Zhai Y, Yuan Y, Li H, Zhao W, Fan Z, Zhou L, Gao X, Zhan Y, Sun H. Xenon inhalation attenuates neuronal injury and prevents epilepsy in febrile seizure Sprague-Dawley pups. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1155303. [PMID: 37645594 PMCID: PMC10461106 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1155303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Febrile seizures (FS) usually occur in childhood and may cause irreversible neuronal damage, cognitive functional defects, and an increase in the risk of epilepsy later in life. Anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs), currently used to treat FS in children, can relieve seizures. However, their effects in preventing the risk of developing epilepsy in later life are unsatisfactory. Moreover, AEDs may damage child brain development. Here, we evaluated the efficiency of xenon in treating prolonged FS (PFS) and preventing epilepsy in Sprague-Dawley pups. Methods Prolonged FS was induced by hyperthermic treatment. After 90 min of PFS, the pups in the xenon treatment group were immediately treated with 70% xenon/21% oxygen/9% nitrogen for 60 min. The levels of glutamate, mitochondrial oxidative stress, mitophagy, and neuronal injury, seizures, learning, and memory functions were measured at specific time points. Results Neonatal period PFS led to spontaneous seizure, learning and memory dysfunction, accompanied by increased levels of glutamate, mitochondrial oxidative stress, mitophagy, and neuronal injury. Xenon treatment alleviated the changes caused by PFS and reduced the risk of PFS developing into epilepsy later. Conclusion Our results suggest that xenon inhalation could be a potential therapeutic strategy to attenuate neuronal injury and prevent epilepsy in patients with FS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Cheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Yujie Zhai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Yi Yuan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Hao Li
- School of Medical Imaging, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Wenke Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Zhenhai Fan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Ling Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Xue Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Yan Zhan
- Department of Neurology, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Hongliu Sun
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
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3
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Niu P, Liu J, Rong Y, Liu X, Wei L. A fluorescent probe for selective and instantaneous detection of hydrogen sulfide in living cells and zebrafish. Tetrahedron 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2021.132174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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4
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Khan S, Khurana M, Vyas P, Vohora D. The role of melatonin and its analogues in epilepsy. Rev Neurosci 2020; 32:/j/revneuro.ahead-of-print/revneuro-2019-0088/revneuro-2019-0088.xml. [PMID: 32950966 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2019-0088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Extensive research has gone into proposing a promising link between melatonin administration and attenuation of epileptic activity, the majority of which suggest its propensity as an antiseizure with antioxidant and neuroprotective properties. In the past few years, a number of studies highlighting the association of the melatonergic ligands with epilepsy have also emerged. In this context, our review is based on discussing the recent studies and various mechanisms of action that the said category of drugs exhibit in the context of being therapeutically viable antiseizure drugs. Our search revealed several articles on the four major drugs i.e. melatonin, agomelatine, ramelteon and piromelatine along with other melatonergic agonists like tasimelteon and TIK-301. Our review is suggestive of antiseizure effects of both melatonin and its analogues; however, extensive research work is still required to study their implications in the treatment of persons with epilepsy. Further evaluation of melatonergic signaling pathways and mechanisms may prove to be helpful in the near future and might prove to be a significant advance in the field of epileptology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumaira Khan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Mallika Khurana
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Preeti Vyas
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Divya Vohora
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
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5
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Yang S, Wen X, Yang X, Li Y, Guo C, Zhou Y, Li H, Yang R. Visualizing Endogenous Sulfur Dioxide Derivatives in Febrile-Seizure-Induced Hippocampal Damage by a Two-Photon Energy Transfer Cassette. Anal Chem 2018; 90:14514-14520. [PMID: 30474971 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b04355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Febrile seizure (FS), a frequently encountered seizure disorder in pediatric populations, can cause hippocampus damage. It has been elucidated that sulfur dioxide (SO2) content is overproduced during the development of FS and related brain injury. Thus, monitoring in situ the level of endogenous SO2 in FS-related models is helpful to estimate the pathogenesis of FS-induced brain injury, but the effect detection method remains to be explored. Herein, we developed a two-photon energy transfer cassette based on an acedan-anthocyanidin scaffold, TP-Ratio-SO2, allowing us to achieve this purpose. TP-Ratio-SO2 specifically responds to SO2 derivatives (HSO3-/SO32-) in an ultrafast fashion (less than 3 s), and HSO3-/SO32- can be sensitively determined with a detection limit of 26 nM. Moreover, it exhibits significant changes in two well-resolved fluorescence emissions (Δλ = 140 nm) by reacting with HSO3-/SO32-, behaving as a ratiometric fluorescent sensor. Importantly, ratiometric imaging of endogenous SO2 derivatives generation in hyperpyretic U251 cells and in a rat model of FS-treated hippocampus damage was successfully carried out by TP-Ratio-SO2, demonstrating that it may be a promising tool for studying the role of SO2 in FS-associated neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Yang
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials Protection for Electric Power and Transportation , Changsha University of Science and Technology , Changsha 410114 , People's Republic of China
| | - Xidan Wen
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials Protection for Electric Power and Transportation , Changsha University of Science and Technology , Changsha 410114 , People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoguang Yang
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials Protection for Electric Power and Transportation , Changsha University of Science and Technology , Changsha 410114 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Hunan University , Changsha 410082 , People's Republic of China
| | - Chongchong Guo
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials Protection for Electric Power and Transportation , Changsha University of Science and Technology , Changsha 410114 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yibo Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials Protection for Electric Power and Transportation , Changsha University of Science and Technology , Changsha 410114 , People's Republic of China
| | - Heping Li
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials Protection for Electric Power and Transportation , Changsha University of Science and Technology , Changsha 410114 , People's Republic of China
| | - Ronghua Yang
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials Protection for Electric Power and Transportation , Changsha University of Science and Technology , Changsha 410114 , People's Republic of China
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Ha Y, Lee Y, Suh M. Insertable NO/CO Microsensors Recording Gaseous Vasomodulators Reflecting Differential Neuronal Activation Level with Respect to Seizure Focus. ACS Chem Neurosci 2017; 8:1853-1858. [PMID: 28661136 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.7b00141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) and carbon monoxide (CO) are important signaling molecules shaping vasomodulation. This paper reports simultaneous in vivo monitoring of NO, CO and dendritic summation of action potential at three different cortical regions: seizure focus and two additional places, vertically and horizontally separated by 1.2 mm from the seizure focus, during epileptic seizure induced by 4-aminopyrindine injection. An amperometric dual microsensor having a high spatiotemporal resolution monitored fast and dynamic changes of NO and CO, and neural changes were recorded with a glass pipet electrode for local field potential (LFP). At all three locations, onsets and offsets of NO and CO changes well synchronized with fast LFP changes, while the patterns and concentrations of NO and CO changes were varied depending on the sensing locations. The insertable NO/CO dual microsensor was successful to measure intimately linked NO and CO in acute seizure events with high sensitivity, selectivity, and spatiotemporal resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yejin Ha
- Department
of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngmi Lee
- Department
of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Minah Suh
- Center
for Neuroscience Imaging Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Samsung
Advanced Institute of Health Science and Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
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Elmas B, Erel Ö, Ersavaş D, Yürümez Y. Thiol/disulfide homeostasis as a novel indicator of oxidative stress in children with simple febrile seizures. Neurol Sci 2017; 38:1969-1975. [DOI: 10.1007/s10072-017-3087-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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8
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Injury to the nervous system: A look into the ER. Brain Res 2016; 1648:617-625. [PMID: 27117870 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2016.04.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Revised: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Injury to the central or peripheral nervous systems leads to the loss of cognitive and/or sensorimotor capabilities that still lack an effective treatment. Although injury to the nervous system involves multiple and complex molecular factors, alteration to protein homeostasis is emerging as a relevant pathological mechanism. In particular, chronic endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is proposed as a possible driver of neuronal dysfunction in conditions such as spinal cord injury, stroke and damage to peripheral nerves. Importantly, manipulation of the unfolded protein response (UPR), a homeostatic pathway engaged by ER stress, has proved effective in improving cognitive and motor recovery after nervous system injury. Here we provide an overview on recent findings depicting a functional role of the UPR to the functional recovery after injury in the peripheral and central nervous systems. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled SI:ER stress.
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9
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Anticonvulsant efficacy of melatonin in an experimental model of hyperthermic febrile seizures. Epilepsy Res 2015; 118:49-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2015.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2015] [Revised: 09/03/2015] [Accepted: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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10
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Saghazadeh A, Mahmoudi M, Meysamie A, Gharedaghi M, Zamponi GW, Rezaei N. Possible role of trace elements in epilepsy and febrile seizures: a meta-analysis. Nutr Rev 2015; 73:760-79. [DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuv026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
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11
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Han Y, Yi W, Qin J, Zhao Y, Zhang J, Chang X. Carbon monoxide offers neuroprotection from hippocampal cell damage induced by recurrent febrile seizures through the PERK-activated ER stress pathway. Neurosci Lett 2015; 585:126-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2014.11.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2014] [Revised: 11/05/2014] [Accepted: 11/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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12
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Dose-dependent effect of sulfur dioxide on brain damage induced by recurrent febrile seizures in rats. Neurosci Lett 2013; 563:149-54. [PMID: 24373994 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2013.12.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2013] [Revised: 12/15/2013] [Accepted: 12/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Sulfur dioxide (SO2) regulates many physiological processes. Little is known about its roles in neurological disorders. In this study, we investigated the role of endogenous SO2 in the development of febrile seizures (FS) and related brain damages. In the rat model of recurrent FS, we found that endogenous SO2 in the plasma and hippocampus was increased, accompanied by upregulation of aspartate amino-transferase 1 (AAT1) and AAT2, and neuronal apoptosis and mossy fiber sprouting (MFS) in the hippocampus. Preconditioning with low concentration of SO2 (1-10 μmol/kg) alleviated the neuronal damage, and attenuated neuronal apoptosis and MFS, whereas preconditioning with high concentration of SO2 (100 μmol/kg) or inhibition of AAT aggravated the neuronal damage, and promoted neuronal apoptosis and MFS in hippocampus of rats with recurrent FS. These data indicate that endogenous SO2 is involved in the development of FS and related brain damage. Preconditioning with low concentration of SO2 may protect neurons from toxicity caused by FS.
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13
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Wilhelm EA, Souza ACG, Gai BM, Chagas PM, Roehrs JA, Nogueira CW. Hyperthermic seizures enhance responsiveness to pentylenetetrazole and induce cognitive dysfunction: protective effect of 3-alkynyl selenophene. Life Sci 2012; 90:666-72. [PMID: 22483695 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2012.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2011] [Revised: 01/24/2012] [Accepted: 03/06/2012] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
AIMS In this study we investigated the effect of pre-treatment with 3-alkynyl selenophene (3-ASP) against the increase in responsiveness to pentylenetetrazole [PTZ seizure threshold] and cognitive dysfunction induced by experimental febrile seizures (FS). The effects of 3-ASP were compared to those of diazepam (DZP). MAIN METHODS Young rats, at postnatal day 21, developed seizures after exposure to a stream of heated air to approximately 41°C. A non-spatial long-term memory and PTZ seizure threshold were determined 30 days after FS. The behavioural seizures were stereotyped followed by facial automatisms, often followed by body flexion. Young rats were pre-treated with 3-ASP (50 and 100mg/kg; per oral route), DZP (1 and 5mg/kg; intraperitoneally) or vehicle. KEY FINDINGS 3-ASP and DZP pre-treatments were not effective in protecting against seizures induced by FS. 3-ASP pre-treatment protected against the increase in responsiveness to PTZ and cognitive dysfunction induced by FS. DZP pre-treatment was effective in protecting against the increase in responsiveness to PTZ, but not, against the impaired memory induced by FS. SIGNIFICANCE 3-ASP pre-treatment protected against impairment of memory performance in the step-down passive avoidance task and the increase in the susceptibility to seizures caused by FS early in life of rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ethel Antunes Wilhelm
- Laboratório de Síntese, Reatividade e Avaliação Farmacológica e Toxicológica de Organocalcogênios, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
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14
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Soriano R, Kwiatkoski M, Batalhao M, Branco L, Carnio E. Interaction between the carbon monoxide and nitric oxide pathways in the locus coeruleus during fever. Neuroscience 2012; 206:69-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2012.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2011] [Revised: 12/06/2011] [Accepted: 01/07/2012] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Kawashima H, Suzuki K, Yamanaka G, Kashiwagi Y, Takekuma K, Amaha M, Takahashi Y. Anti-Glutamate Receptor Antibodies in Pediatric Enteroviral Encephalitis. Int J Neurosci 2010; 120:99-103. [DOI: 10.3109/00207450903430208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hisashi Kawashima
- Department of Peadiatrics, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
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Soriano RN, Ravanelli MI, Batalhao ME, Carnio EC, Branco LGS. Propyretic role of the locus coeruleus nitric oxide pathway. Exp Physiol 2010; 95:669-77. [PMID: 20176679 DOI: 10.1113/expphysiol.2009.051490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Nitric oxide has been reported to modulate fever in the brain. However, the sites where NO exerts this modulation remain somewhat unclear. Locus coeruleus (LC) neurons express not only nitric oxide synthase (NOS) but also soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC). In the present study, we evaluated in vivo and ex vivo the putative role of the LC NO-cGMP pathway in fever. To this end, deep body temperature was measured before and after pharmacological modulations of the pathway. Moreover, nitrite/nitrate (NOx) and cGMP levels in the LC were assessed. Conscious rats were microinjected within the LC with a non-selective NOS inhibitor (N(G)-monomethyl-l-arginine acetate), a NO donor (NOC12), a sGC inhibitor (1H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo[4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-one) or a cGMP analogue (8-bromo-cGMP) and injected intraperitoneally with endotoxin. Inhibition of NOS or sGC before endotoxin injection significantly increased the latency to the onset of fever. During the course of fever, inhibition of NOS or sGC attenuated the febrile response, whereas microinjection of NOC12 or 8-bromo-cGMP increased the response. These findings indicate that the LC NO-cGMP pathway plays a propyretic role. Furthermore, we observed a significant increase in NOx and cGMP levels, indicating that the febrile response to endotoxin is accompanied by stimulation of the NO-cGMP pathway in the LC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renato N Soriano
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, 14049-900 - Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
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Dombkowski RA, Whitfield NL, Motterlini R, Gao Y, Olson KR. Effects of carbon monoxide on trout and lamprey vessels. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2009; 296:R141-9. [DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.90507.2008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Carbon monoxide (CO) is endogenously produced by heme oxygenase (HO) and is involved in vascular, neural, and inflammatory responses in mammals. However, the biological activities of CO in nonmammalian vertebrates is unknown. To this extent, we used smooth muscle myography to investigate the effects of exogenously applied CO (delivered via a water-soluble CO-releasing molecule, CORM-3) on isolated lamprey ( Petromyzon marinus) dorsal aortas and examined its mechanisms of action on trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss) efferent branchial (EBA) and celiacomesenteric (CMA) arteries. CORM-3 dose-dependently relaxed all vessels examined. Trout EBA were twofold more sensitive to CORM-3 when precontracted with norepinephrine (NE) than KCl and CORM-3 relaxed five-fold more of the NE- than KCl-induced tension. Glybenclamide (10 μM), an ATP-sensitive potassium channel inhibitor, inhibited NE-induced contraction, but did not affect CORM-3-induced relaxation. NS-2028 (10 μM), a soluble guanylyl cyclase inhibitor, had no effect on a NE-contraction, but inhibited a subsequent CORM-3-induced relaxation. Zinc protopophyrin-IX (ZnPP-IX, 0.3–30 μM), a HO inhibitor, elicited a small, yet dose-dependent and significant, increase in baseline tension but did not have any effect on subsequent NE-induced contractions or a nitric oxide-induced relaxation (via sodium nitroprusside). [ZnPP-IX] greater than 3 μM, however, significantly reduced the predominant vasodilatory response of trout EBA to hydrogen sulfide. These results implicate an active HO/CO pathway in trout vessels having an impact on resting vessel tone and CO-induced vasoactivity that is at least partially mediated by soluble guanylyl cyclase.
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Güneş S, Dirik E, Yiş U, Seçkin E, Kuralay F, Köse S, Unalp A. Oxidant status in children after febrile seizures. Pediatr Neurol 2009; 40:47-9. [PMID: 19068254 DOI: 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2008.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2008] [Revised: 07/23/2008] [Accepted: 09/03/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
To evaluate oxidant status in children after febrile seizures, 61 children were studied: 31 with and 30 without a febrile seizure. Erythrocyte malondialdehyde, glutathione peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase levels were assessed in all patients. Erythrocyte malondialdehyde and glutathione peroxidase levels were significantly higher and superoxide dismutase levels were significantly lower in the febrile seizure group. Febrile seizures may cause significant oxidative stress, and these changes in oxidant status may be a step along the way to cell damage subsequent to febrile seizures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sezgin Güneş
- Department of Pediatrics, Dokuz Eylul University School of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey.
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Chen J, Qin J, Liu X, Han Y, Yang Z, Chang X, Ji X. Nitric oxide-mediated neuronal apoptosis in rats with recurrent febrile seizures through endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway. Neurosci Lett 2008; 443:134-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2008.07.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2008] [Revised: 07/15/2008] [Accepted: 07/16/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Carbon monoxide decreases the level of iNOS protein and active dimer in IL-1beta-stimulated hepatocytes. Nitric Oxide 2008; 18:256-65. [PMID: 18313411 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2008.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2007] [Revised: 01/11/2008] [Accepted: 02/06/2008] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
There is evidence that NO can regulate CO production, however less is known about CO regulation of NO synthesis. Our studies were undertaken to define how CO regulates iNOS in cultured hepatocytes. CO (250ppm) exposure resulted in a significant decrease in iNOS protein, nitrite production, level of active iNOS dimer and cytosolic iNOS activity in cells stimulated with cytokines (IL-1beta) or transfected with the human iNOS gene. However, IL-1beta-stimulated iNOS mRNA expression was unaffected by CO. These effects of CO on iNOS protein levels were inhibited when CO was scavenged using hemoglobin. HO-1 induction with an adenoviral vector carrying HO-1 showed a decrease in total iNOS protein, nitrite production, and iNOS dimer level from cells stimulated by IL-1beta. iNOS protein level was significantly higher in lung endothelial cells isolated from HO-1 knockout mice compared to wild type cultures stimulated with cytokines mixture. CO was found to increase p38 phosphorylation and p38 inhibition using SB203580 increased iNOS protein levels in response to IL-1beta. Interestingly, proteasome inhibitors (MG132 and Lactacystin) and an autophagy inhibitor (3-methyladenine) reversed CO influence iNOS levels. Our results imply that CO exposure decreases NO production by suppressing dimer formation and increasing iNOS degradation through a process involving p38 activation.
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Han Y, Qin J, Bu DF, Chang XZ, Yang ZX. Successive alterations of hippocampal gamma-aminobutyric acid B receptor subunits in a rat model of febrile seizure. Life Sci 2006; 78:2944-52. [PMID: 16380138 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2005.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2005] [Revised: 10/16/2005] [Accepted: 11/17/2005] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Febrile seizure (FS) is a frequently encountered seizure type in childhood. Changes of brain function following FS have clinical importance. The recently identified gamma-aminobutyric acid B receptor (GABA(B)R) is a metabotropic receptor of GABA. In this study, we used a rat model of recurrent FS to investigate the changes of GABA(B)R1a and GABA(B)R2 subunits in hippocampus after recurrent FS by using Western blot, quantitative RT-PCR, double immunofluorescence, in situ hybridization and immunoprecipitation/Western blot. After treatment of hyperthermia and the presence of induced seizures once every 2 days for 10 times, GABA(B)R1a and GABA(B)R2 subunits in hippocampus were decreased after 24 h of the last treatment. The decrease of GABA(B)R1a lasted for 15 days but that of GABA(B)R2 persisted for more than 30 days. The binding of GABA(B)R1a to GABA(B)R2 in hippocampus was also decreased significantly after 24 h of the last treatment and lasted for more than 30 days. In situ hybridization showed that GABA(B)R1a mRNA was significantly decreased in dentate gyrus, and GABA(B)R2 mRNA was considerably reduced in CA3 region. In H10 and FS1 groups in which hyperthermia treatment was the same but no (H10 group) or only one seizure (FS(1) group) was induced, the decrease of GABA(B)R1a and GABA(B)R2 subunits and the reduced binding capability between GABA(B)R1a and GABA(B)R2 subunits were also detected but with less severity, and the time recovering from these abnormalities was shorter. We conclude that GABA(B)R1a and GABA(B)R2 subunits and the binding of the 2 subunits decrease in hippocampus for a relatively long period of time after recurrent FS in immature rats. These changes may result in long-lasting imbalance of excitation/inhibition function in hippocampus, and are derived from the consequences of recurrent febrile seizures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Han
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, No. 1, Xi'anmen Dajie, Beijing, 100034, PR China
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Han Y, Qin J, Chang X, Yang Z, Du J. Hydrogen Sulfide and Carbon Monoxide Are in Synergy with Each Other in the Pathogenesis of Recurrent Febrile Seizures. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2006; 26:101-7. [PMID: 16633905 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-006-8848-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2005] [Accepted: 09/30/2005] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
1. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the interaction between hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S) and carbon monoxide (CO) during recurrent febrile seizures (FS) 2.H(2)S and CO are important intra- and intercellular messengers, regulating various brain functions. Our recent studies showed that both of them alleviate the hippocampal damage induced by recurrent FS. In the present study, on a rat model of recurrent FS, we found that hydroxylamine (an inhibitor of cystathionine b-synthase, CBS) reduced CO level and down regulated heme oxygenase (HO-1) expression, while NaHS (a donor of H(2)S) elevated CO level and upregulated HO-1 expression. ZnPP-IX (an inhibitor of HO-1) decreased H(2)S formation and down regulated CBS expression, while hemin (which increases the production of endogenous CO) enhanced H(2)S formation and elevated CBS expression. 3. Our data demonstrate that endogenous H(2)S and CO are in synergy with each other in recurrent FS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Han
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Peking, P.R. China
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Wu L, Wang R. Carbon Monoxide: Endogenous Production, Physiological Functions, and Pharmacological Applications. Pharmacol Rev 2005; 57:585-630. [PMID: 16382109 DOI: 10.1124/pr.57.4.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 648] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the last decade, studies have unraveled many aspects of endogenous production and physiological functions of carbon monoxide (CO). The majority of endogenous CO is produced in a reaction catalyzed by the enzyme heme oxygenase (HO). Inducible HO (HO-1) and constitutive HO (HO-2) are mostly recognized for their roles in the oxidation of heme and production of CO and biliverdin, whereas the biological function of the third HO isoform, HO-3, is still unclear. The tissue type-specific distribution of these HO isoforms is largely linked to the specific biological actions of CO on different systems. CO functions as a signaling molecule in the neuronal system, involving the regulation of neurotransmitters and neuropeptide release, learning and memory, and odor response adaptation and many other neuronal activities. The vasorelaxant property and cardiac protection effect of CO have been documented. A plethora of studies have also shown the importance of the roles of CO in the immune, respiratory, reproductive, gastrointestinal, kidney, and liver systems. Our understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms that regulate the production and mediate the physiological actions of CO has greatly advanced. Many diseases, including neurodegenerations, hypertension, heart failure, and inflammation, have been linked to the abnormality in CO metabolism and function. Enhancement of endogenous CO production and direct delivery of exogenous CO have found their applications in many health research fields and clinical settings. Future studies will further clarify the gasotransmitter role of CO, provide insight into the pathogenic mechanisms of many CO abnormality-related diseases, and pave the way for innovative preventive and therapeutic strategies based on the physiologic effects of CO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyun Wu
- Department of Biology, Lakehead University, 955 Oliver Rd., Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada P7B 5E1
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Han Y, Qin J, Chang X, Yang Z, Bu D, Du J. Modulating effect of hydrogen sulfide on gamma-aminobutyric acid B receptor in recurrent febrile seizures in rats. Neurosci Res 2005; 53:216-9. [PMID: 16122826 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2005.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2005] [Revised: 06/08/2005] [Accepted: 07/05/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is recognized as a new neuromodulator in regulating various brain functions. Some of our recent studies showed that H2S alleviates the hippocampal damage induced by recurrent febrile seizures (FS). In the present study, we used a rat model of recurrent FS and found that sodium sulfhydrate (NaHS, a donor of H2S) down-regulated the expression of c-fos and increased the expression of gamma-aminobutyric acid B receptor subunits 1 (GABA(B)R1) and 2 (GABA(B)R2). Hydroxylamine (an inhibitor of cystathionine b-synthase) up-regulated the expression of c-fos and down-regulated the expression of GABA(B)R2, but did not change the expression of GABA(B)R1. These results suggest that H2S plays a regulatory role through modulating GABA(B)R function in the pathogenesis of recurrent FS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Han
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, No. 1 Xi-An Men Street, Beijing 100034, PR China
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Han Y, Qin J, Chang X, Yang Z, Tang X, Du J. Hydrogen sulfide may improve the hippocampal damage induced by recurrent febrile seizures in rats. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2005; 327:431-6. [PMID: 15629133 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2004.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the possible role of hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S) in the pathogenesis of recurrent febrile seizures (FS) in rats. On a rat model of recurrent FS, the ultrastructure of hippocampal neurons, the plasma level of H(2)S, the expressions of cystathionine b-synthase (CBS) and c-fos, and the development of mossy fiber sprouting (MFS) in hippocampus were examined after treatment with NaHS, a donor of H(2)S, or hydroxylamine (HA), an inhibitor of CBS. We found that the plasma level of H(2)S increased significantly, the expressions of CBS and c-fos increased markedly, and MFS was evident in hippocampus in FS group. NaHS alleviated the neuronal damage of recurrent FS rats, decreased the expression of c-fos, and inhibited MFS obviously. HA aggravated the neuronal damage of recurrent FS rats, further increased the expression of c-fos, and enhanced the mossy fiber outgrowth. The results showed that endogenous H(2)S system was involved in the development of FS. Exogenous H(2)S may exert beneficial effect on the pathogenesis of FS-related brain damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Han
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, PR China
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