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Erturk PA, Altuntas S, Irmak G, Buyukserin F. Fabrication of anodic and atomic layer deposition-alumina coated titanium implants for effective osteointegration applications. J Biomed Mater Res A 2024. [PMID: 39237474 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 08/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024]
Abstract
Biomimicking the chemical, mechanical, and topographical properties of bone on an implant model is crucial to obtain rapid and effective osteointegration, especially for the large-area fractures of the skeletal system. Titanium-based biomaterials are more frequently preferred in clinical use in such cases and coating these materials with oxide layers having chemical/nanotopographic properties to enhance osteointegration and implantation success rates has been studied for a long time. The objective of this study is to examine the high and rapid mineralization potential of anodized aluminum oxide (AAO) coated and atomic layer deposition (ALD)-alumina coated titanium substrates on large deformation areas with difficult spontaneous healing. AAO-coated titanium (AAO@Ti) substrates were fabricated via anodization technique in different electrolytes and their osteogenic potential was analyzed by comparing them to the bare titanium surface as a control. In order to investigate the effect of the ionic characters gained by the surfaces through anodization, the oxidized nanotopographic substrates were additionally coated with an ultrathin alumina layer via ALD (ALD@AAO@Ti), which is a sensitive and conformal coating vapor deposition technique. Besides, a bare titanium sample was also coated with pure alumina by ALD (ALD@Ti) to investigate the effect of nanoscale surface morphology. XPS analysis after ALD coating showed that the ionic character of each surface fabricated by anodization was successfully suppressed. In vitro studies demonstrated that, among the substrates investigated, the mineralization capacity of MG-63 osteosarcoma cells were highest when incubated on ALD-treated and bare AAO@Ti samples that were anodized in phosphoric acid (H3PO4_AAO@Ti and ALD@H3PO4_AAO@Ti). Mineralization on these substrates also increased consistently beginning from day 2 to day 21. Moreover, immunocytochemistry for osteopontin (OPN) demonstrated the highest expression for ALD@H3PO4_AAO@Ti, followed by the H3PO4_AAO@Ti sample. Consequently, it was observed that, although ALD treatment improves cellular characteristics on all samples, effective mineralization requires more than a simple ALD coating or the presence of a nanostructured topography. Overall, ALD@H3PO4_AAO@Ti substrates can be considered as an implant alternative with its enhanced osteogenic differentiation potential and rapid mineralization capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sevde Altuntas
- Tissue Engineering Department, Experimental Medicine Research and Application Center, University of Health Sciences Turkey, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gulseren Irmak
- Department of Bioengineering, Malatya Turgut Ozal University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Fatih Buyukserin
- Biomedical Engineering, TOBB University of Economics and Technology, Ankara, Turkey
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Huffer A, Mao M, Ballard K, Ozdemir T. Biomimetic Hyaluronan Binding Biomaterials to Capture the Complex Regulation of Hyaluronan in Tissue Development and Function. Biomimetics (Basel) 2024; 9:499. [PMID: 39194478 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics9080499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2024] [Revised: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Within native ECM, Hyaluronan (HA) undergoes remarkable structural remodeling through its binding receptors and proteins called hyaladherins. Hyaladherins contain a group of tandem repeat sequences, such as LINK domains, BxB7 homologous sequences, or 20-50 amino acid long short peptide sequences that have high affinity towards side chains of HA. The HA binding sequences are critical players in HA distribution and regulation within tissues and potentially attractive therapeutic targets to regulate HA synthesis and organization. While HA is a versatile and successful biopolymer, most HA-based therapeutics have major differences from a native HA molecule, such as molecular weight discrepancies, crosslinking state, and remodeling with other HA binding proteins. Recent studies showed the promise of HA binding domains being used as therapeutic biomaterials for osteoarthritic, ocular, or cardiovascular therapeutic products. However, we propose that there is a significant potential for HA binding materials to reveal the physiological functions of HA in a more realistic setting. This review is focused on giving a comprehensive overview of the connections between HA's role in the body and the potential of HA binding material applications in therapeutics and regenerative medicine. We begin with an introduction to HA then discuss HA binding molecules and the process of HA binding. Finally, we discuss HA binding materials anf the future prospects of potential HA binding biomaterials systems in the field of biomaterials and tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelia Huffer
- Nanoscience and Biomedical Engineering Department, South Dakota School of Mines, Rapid City, SD 57701, USA
| | - Mingyang Mao
- Nanoscience and Biomedical Engineering Department, South Dakota School of Mines, Rapid City, SD 57701, USA
| | - Katherine Ballard
- Nanoscience and Biomedical Engineering Department, South Dakota School of Mines, Rapid City, SD 57701, USA
| | - Tugba Ozdemir
- Nanoscience and Biomedical Engineering Department, South Dakota School of Mines, Rapid City, SD 57701, USA
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Abourehab MAS, Baisakhiya S, Aggarwal A, Singh A, Abdelgawad MA, Deepak A, Ansari MJ, Pramanik S. Chondroitin sulfate-based composites: a tour d'horizon of their biomedical applications. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:9125-9178. [PMID: 36342328 DOI: 10.1039/d2tb01514e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Chondroitin sulfate (CS), a natural anionic mucopolysaccharide, belonging to the glycosaminoglycan family, acts as the primary element of the extracellular matrix (ECM) of diverse organisms. It comprises repeating units of disaccharides possessing β-1,3-linked N-acetyl galactosamine (GalNAc), and β-1,4-linked D-glucuronic acid (GlcA), and exhibits antitumor, anti-inflammatory, anti-coagulant, anti-oxidant, and anti-thrombogenic activities. It is a naturally acquired bio-macromolecule with beneficial properties, such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, and immensely low toxicity, making it the center of attention in developing biomaterials for various biomedical applications. The authors have discussed the structure, unique properties, and extraction source of CS in the initial section of this review. Further, the current investigations on applications of CS-based composites in various biomedical fields, focusing on delivering active pharmaceutical compounds, tissue engineering, and wound healing, are discussed critically. In addition, the manuscript throws light on preclinical and clinical studies associated with CS composites. A short section on Chondroitinase ABC has also been canvassed. Finally, this review emphasizes the current challenges and prospects of CS in various biomedical fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed A S Abourehab
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia. .,Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 11566, Egypt
| | - Shreya Baisakhiya
- Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Sector 1, Rourkela, Odisha 769008, India.,School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu 613401, India
| | - Akanksha Aggarwal
- Delhi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, New Delhi, 110017, India
| | - Anshul Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Baba Mastnath University, Rohtak-124021, India
| | - Mohamed A Abdelgawad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Al Jouf 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | - A Deepak
- Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai 600128, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Mohammad Javed Ansari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sheersha Pramanik
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Großkopf H, Vogel S, Müller CD, Köhling S, Dürig JN, Möller S, Schnabelrauch M, Rademann J, Hempel U, von Bergen M, Schubert K. Identification of intracellular glycosaminoglycan-interacting proteins by affinity purification mass spectrometry. Biol Chem 2021; 402:1427-1440. [PMID: 34472763 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2021-0167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are essential functional components of the extracellular matrix (ECM). Artificial GAGs like sulfated hyaluronan (sHA) exhibit pro-osteogenic properties and boost healing processes. Hence, they are of high interest for supporting bone regeneration and wound healing. Although sulfated GAGs (sGAGs) appear intracellularly, the knowledge about intracellular effects and putative interaction partners is scarce. Here we used an affinity-purification mass spectrometry-based (AP-MS) approach to identify novel and particularly intracellular sGAG-interacting proteins in human bone marrow stromal cells (hBMSC). Overall, 477 proteins were found interacting with at least one of four distinct sGAGs. Enrichment analysis for protein localization showed that mainly intracellular and cell-associated interacting proteins were identified. The interaction of sGAG with α2-macroglobulin receptor-associated protein (LRPAP1), exportin-1 (XPO1), and serine protease HTRA1 (HTRA1) was confirmed in reverse assays. Consecutive pathway and cluster analysis led to the identification of biological processes, namely processes involving binding and processing of nucleic acids, LRP1-dependent endocytosis, and exosome formation. Respecting the preferentially intracellular localization of sGAG in vesicle-like structures, also the interaction data indicate sGAG-specific modulation of vesicle-based transport processes. By identifying many sGAG-specific interacting proteins, our data provide a resource for upcoming studies aimed at molecular mechanisms and understanding of sGAG cellular effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henning Großkopf
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research GmbH - UFZ, Leipzig D-04318, Germany
| | - Sarah Vogel
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Medical Faculty, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden D-01307, Germany
| | - Claudia Damaris Müller
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Medical Faculty, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden D-01307, Germany
| | - Sebastian Köhling
- Institute of Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin D-14195, Germany
| | - Jan-Niklas Dürig
- Institute of Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin D-14195, Germany
| | - Stephanie Möller
- Biomaterials Department, INNOVENT e.V. Technologieentwicklung Jena, Jena D-07745, Germany
| | - Matthias Schnabelrauch
- Biomaterials Department, INNOVENT e.V. Technologieentwicklung Jena, Jena D-07745, Germany
| | - Jörg Rademann
- Institute of Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin D-14195, Germany
| | - Ute Hempel
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Medical Faculty, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden D-01307, Germany
| | - Martin von Bergen
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research GmbH - UFZ, Leipzig D-04318, Germany
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universität Leipzig, Leipzig D-04103, Germany
| | - Kristin Schubert
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research GmbH - UFZ, Leipzig D-04318, Germany
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Krieghoff J, Picke AK, Salbach-Hirsch J, Rother S, Heinemann C, Bernhardt R, Kascholke C, Möller S, Rauner M, Schnabelrauch M, Hintze V, Scharnweber D, Schulz-Siegmund M, Hacker MC, Hofbauer LC, Hofbauer C. Increased pore size of scaffolds improves coating efficiency with sulfated hyaluronan and mineralization capacity of osteoblasts. Biomater Res 2019; 23:26. [PMID: 31890268 PMCID: PMC6921484 DOI: 10.1186/s40824-019-0172-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Delayed bone regeneration of fractures in osteoporosis patients or of critical-size bone defects after tumor resection are a major medical and socio-economic challenge. Therefore, the development of more effective and osteoinductive biomaterials is crucial. Methods We examined the osteogenic potential of macroporous scaffolds with varying pore sizes after biofunctionalization with a collagen/high-sulfated hyaluronan (sHA3) coating in vitro. The three-dimensional scaffolds were made up from a biodegradable three-armed lactic acid-based macromer (TriLA) by cross-polymerization. Templating with solid lipid particles that melt during fabrication generates a continuous pore network. Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC) cultivated on the functionalized scaffolds in vitro were investigated for cell viability, production of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and bone matrix formation. Statistical analysis was performed using student’s t-test or two-way ANOVA. Results We succeeded in generating scaffolds that feature a significantly higher average pore size and a broader distribution of individual pore sizes (HiPo) by modifying composition and relative amount of lipid particles, macromer concentration and temperature for cross-polymerization during scaffold fabrication. Overall porosity was retained, while the scaffolds showed a 25% decrease in compressive modulus compared to the initial TriLA scaffolds with a lower pore size (LoPo). These HiPo scaffolds were more readily coated as shown by higher amounts of immobilized collagen (+ 44%) and sHA3 (+ 25%) compared to LoPo scaffolds. In vitro, culture of hMSCs on collagen and/or sHA3-coated HiPo scaffolds demonstrated unaltered cell viability. Furthermore, the production of ALP, an early marker of osteogenesis (+ 3-fold), and formation of new bone matrix (+ 2.5-fold) was enhanced by the functionalization with sHA3 of both scaffold types. Nevertheless, effects were more pronounced on HiPo scaffolds about 112%. Conclusion In summary, we showed that the improvement of scaffold pore sizes enhanced the coating efficiency with collagen and sHA3, which had a significant positive effect on bone formation markers, underlining the promise of using this material approach for in vivo studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Krieghoff
- 1Institute for Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology, University Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ann-Kristin Picke
- 2Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolic Bone Diseases, Department of Medicine III, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany.,3Center for Healthy Aging, TU Dresden Medical Center, Dresden, Germany
| | - Juliane Salbach-Hirsch
- 2Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolic Bone Diseases, Department of Medicine III, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany.,3Center for Healthy Aging, TU Dresden Medical Center, Dresden, Germany
| | - Sandra Rother
- 4Institute of Materials Science, Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,Present address: Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Glycobiology Research and Training Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA USA
| | - Christiane Heinemann
- 4Institute of Materials Science, Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ricardo Bernhardt
- 4Institute of Materials Science, Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,6Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Christian Kascholke
- 1Institute for Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology, University Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Martina Rauner
- 2Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolic Bone Diseases, Department of Medicine III, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany.,3Center for Healthy Aging, TU Dresden Medical Center, Dresden, Germany
| | | | - Vera Hintze
- 4Institute of Materials Science, Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Dieter Scharnweber
- 4Institute of Materials Science, Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | | | - Michael C Hacker
- 1Institute for Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology, University Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Lorenz C Hofbauer
- 2Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolic Bone Diseases, Department of Medicine III, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany.,3Center for Healthy Aging, TU Dresden Medical Center, Dresden, Germany.,8Center for Regenerative Therapies, Dresden, Germany
| | - Christine Hofbauer
- 9Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery Center, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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6
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Wojak-Ćwik IM, Rumian Ł, Krok-Borkowicz M, Hess R, Bernhardt R, Dobrzyński P, Möller S, Schnabelrauch M, Hintze V, Scharnweber D, Pamuła E. Synergistic effect of bimodal pore distribution and artificial extracellular matrices in polymeric scaffolds on osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 97:12-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2018.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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7
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Biomimetic electrospun scaffolds from main extracellular matrix components for skin tissue engineering application – The role of chondroitin sulfate and sulfated hyaluronan. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2017.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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8
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Picke AK, Salbach-Hirsch J, Hintze V, Rother S, Rauner M, Kascholke C, Möller S, Bernhardt R, Rammelt S, Pisabarro MT, Ruiz-Gómez G, Schnabelrauch M, Schulz-Siegmund M, Hacker MC, Scharnweber D, Hofbauer C, Hofbauer LC. Sulfated hyaluronan improves bone regeneration of diabetic rats by binding sclerostin and enhancing osteoblast function. Biomaterials 2016; 96:11-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Revised: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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de Rezende MLR, Coesta PTG, de Oliveira RC, Salmeron S, Sant'Ana ACP, Damante CA, Greghi SLA, Consolaro A. Bone demineralization with citric acid enhances adhesion and spreading of preosteoblasts. J Periodontol 2016; 86:146-54. [PMID: 25272980 DOI: 10.1902/jop.2014.130657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have demonstrated that bone demineralization can improve consolidation in bone grafts. The biologic mechanisms underlying this phenomenon remain unclear. METHODS Twelve adult male guinea pigs were used in this experiment. Forty-five bone samples removed from the calvaria of nine animals were divided in groups (n = 9) according to the time of demineralization with citric acid (50%, pH 1): 15, 30, 90, and 180 seconds and non-demineralized samples (control). Preosteoblasts (MC3T3-E1) were cultured on the bone samples for 24, 48, and 72 hours (n = 3). Fifteen samples removed from the remaining three animals were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive spectrometry (SEM/EDS) after demineralization (n = 3). RESULTS The number of preosteoblasts increased significantly with time in all groups. The bone surface area covered by these cells increased with time, except in the control group. Intragroup differences occurred between 24 and 72 hours (P < 0.05). Samples demineralized for 30 seconds showed greater area covered by preosteoblast cells than for the other times of demineralization in all periods of cell culture (P < 0.05) without a statistically significant difference compared with 15 seconds. SEM/EDS showed diminished content of calcium (Ca) after 15 seconds of demineralization, but the Ca content increased after 180 seconds of demineralization (P < 0.05). The phosphorus (P) amount increased significantly only after 30 seconds of demineralization (P < 0.5). The sulfur (S) content was increased in demineralized samples in relation to non-demineralized ones, reaching the highest level after 90 seconds, when the difference became significant in relation to all the other times of demineralization (P < 0.05). Magnesium (Mg) content did not differ significantly between demineralized and non-demineralized samples. CONCLUSIONS Bone surfaces demineralized for 30 seconds increased the spreading of preosteoblasts as well as the surface area covered by these cells. Bone demineralization deserves to be studied in periodontal and maxillofacial regenerative procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Lúcia R de Rezende
- Department of Prosthodontics, Division of Periodontics, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil
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Bhowmick S, Scharnweber D, Koul V. Co-cultivation of keratinocyte-human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) on sericin loaded electrospun nanofibrous composite scaffold (cationic gelatin/hyaluronan/chondroitin sulfate) stimulates epithelial differentiation in hMSCs: In vitro study. Biomaterials 2016; 88:83-96. [PMID: 26946262 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.02.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Revised: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Fortifying the scaffold with bioactive molecules and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), is an efficient way to design new generation tissue engineered biomaterials. In this study, we evaluated the synergistic effect of electrospun nanofibrous composite scaffold (cationic gelatin/hyaluronan/chondroitin sulfate) loaded with sericin and, contact co-culture of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs)-keratinocytes on hMSCs' differentiation towards epithelial lineage. Cationic gelatin is prepared with one step novel synthesis process by grafting quaternary ammonium salts to the backbone of gelatin. Release kinetics studies showed that Fickian diffusion is the major release mechanism for both GAGs and sericin/gelatin. In vitro biocompatibility of the electrospun scaffold was evaluated in terms of LDH and DNA quantification assay on human foreskin fibroblast, human keratinocyte and hMSC. Significant proliferation (∼ 4-6 fold) was detected after culturing all three cell on the electrospun scaffold containing sericin. After 5 days of contact co-culture, results revealed that electrospun scaffold containing sericin promote epithelial differentiation of hMSC in terms of several protein markers (keratin 14, ΔNp63α and Pan-cytokeratin) and gene expression of some dermal proteins (keratin 14, ΔNp63α). Findings of this study will foster the progress of current skin tissue engineering scaffolds by understanding the skin regeneration and wound healing process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirsendu Bhowmick
- Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Technische Universität Dresden, Budapester Straße 27, 01069 Dresden, Germany; Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, 110016 New Delhi, India
| | - Dieter Scharnweber
- Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Technische Universität Dresden, Budapester Straße 27, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Veena Koul
- Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, 110016 New Delhi, India.
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Hempel U, Matthäus C, Preissler C, Möller S, Hintze V, Dieter P. Artificial matrices with high-sulfated glycosaminoglycans and collagen are anti-inflammatory and pro-osteogenic for human mesenchymal stromal cells. J Cell Biochem 2015; 115:1561-71. [PMID: 24706396 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.24814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2014] [Accepted: 04/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Bone healing has been described to be most efficient if the early inflammatory phase is resolved timely. When the inflammation elevates or is permanently established, bone healing becomes impaired and, moreover, bone destruction often takes place. Systemic disorders such as diabetes and bone diseases like arthritis and osteoporosis are associated with sustained inflammation and delayed bone healing. One goal of biomaterial research is the development of materials/surface modifications which support the healing process by inhibiting the inflammatory bone erosion and suppressing pro-inflammatory mediators and by that promoting the bone repair process. In the present study, the influence of artificial extracellular matrices (aECM) on the interleukin (IL)-1β-induced pro-inflammatory response of human mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSC) was studied. hMSC cultured on aECM composed of collagen I and high-sulfated glycosaminoglycan (GAG) derivatives did not secrete IL-6, IL-8, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, and prostaglandin E2 in response to IL-1β. The activation and nuclear translocation of nuclear factor κBp65 induced by IL-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α or lipopolysaccharide was abrogated. Furthermore, these aECM promoted the osteogenic differentiation of hMSC as determined by an increased activity of tissue non-specific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP); however, the aECM had no effect on the IL-1β-induced TNAP activity. These data suggest that aECM with high-sulfated GAG derivatives suppress the formation of pro-inflammatory mediators and simultaneously promote the osteogenic differentiation of hMSC. Therefore, these aECM might offer an interesting approach as material/surface modification supporting the bone healing process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ute Hempel
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Carl Gustav Carus Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Fiedlerstrasse 42, D-01307, Dresden, Germany
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12
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Salbach-Hirsch J, Ziegler N, Thiele S, Moeller S, Schnabelrauch M, Hintze V, Scharnweber D, Rauner M, Hofbauer LC. Sulfated glycosaminoglycans support osteoblast functions and concurrently suppress osteoclasts. J Cell Biochem 2014; 115:1101-11. [PMID: 24356935 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.24750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2013] [Accepted: 12/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In order to improve bone regeneration, development and evaluation of new adaptive biomaterials is warranted. Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) such as hyaluronan (HA) and chondroitin sulfate (CS) are major extracellular matrix (ECM) components of bone, and display osteogenic properties that are potentially useful for biomaterial applications. Using native and synthetic sulfate-modified GAGs, we manufactured artificial collagen/GAG ECM (aECMs) coatings, and evaluated how the presence of GAGs and their degree of sulfation affects the differentiation of murine mesenchymal stem cells to osteoblasts (OB) cultivated on these aECMs. GAG sulfation regulated osteogenesis at all key steps of OB development. Adhesion, but not migration, was diminished by 50% (P < 0.001). Proliferation and metabolic activity were slightly (P < 0.05) and cell death events strongly (P < 0.001) down-regulated due to a switch from proliferative to matrix synthesis state. When exposed to sulfated GAGs, OB marker genes, such as alkaline phosphatase, osteoprotegerin (OPG), and osteocalcin increased by up to 28-fold (P < 0.05) and calcium deposition up to 4-fold (P < 0.05). Furthermore, GAG treatment of OBs suppressed their ability to support osteoclast (OC) differentiation and resorption. In conclusion, GAG sulfation controls bone cell homeostasis by concurrently promoting osteogenesis and suppressing their paracrine support of OC functions, thus displaying a favorable profile on bone remodeling. Whether these cellular properties translate into improved bone regeneration needs to be validated in vivo.
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13
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Miron A, Rother S, Huebner L, Hempel U, Käppler I, Moeller S, Schnabelrauch M, Scharnweber D, Hintze V. Sulfated hyaluronan influences the formation of artificial extracellular matrices and the adhesion of osteogenic cells. Macromol Biosci 2014; 14:1783-94. [PMID: 25219504 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201400292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2014] [Revised: 08/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to compare differentially sulfated hyaluronan (sHA) derivatives and chondroitin sulfate (CS) with respect to their ability to influence the formation of artificial extracellular matrices (aECMs) during in vitro-fibrillogenesis of collagen type I at high- and low-ionic strength. Analysis is performed using turbidity, biochemical assays, atomic force (AFM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). In general, high-sulfated glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) associate to a higher amount with collagen than the low-sulfated ones. The addition of GAGs prior to fibrillogenesis at low-ionic strength results in a dose-dependent decrease in fibril diameter. At high-ionic strength these effects are only obtained for the sHA derivatives but not for CS. Likewise, increasing concentrations and degree of GAG sulfation strongly affected the kinetics of fibrillogenesis. The impact of sulfation degree on F-actin location and fiber formation in SaOS-2 cells implies that adhesion-related intracellular signaling is influenced to a variable extent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Miron
- Institute of Materials Science, Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069, Dresden, Germany
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14
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Effect of Sulfated Modification on the Molecular Characteristics and Biological Activities of Polysaccharides fromHypsizigus marmoreus. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2014; 74:1408-14. [DOI: 10.1271/bbb.100076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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15
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Govindan J, Iovine MK. Hapln1a is required for connexin43-dependent growth and patterning in the regenerating fin skeleton. PLoS One 2014; 9:e88574. [PMID: 24533114 PMCID: PMC3922931 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0088574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2013] [Accepted: 01/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell–cell communication, facilitating the exchange of small metabolites, ions and second messengers, takes place via aqueous proteinaceous channels called gap junctions. Connexins (cx) are the subunits of a gap junction channel. Mutations in zebrafish cx43 produces the short fin (sof b123) phenotype and is characterized by short fins due to reduced segment length of the bony fin rays and reduced cell proliferation. Previously established results from our lab demonstrate that Cx43 plays a dual role regulating both cell proliferation (growth) and joint formation (patterning) during the process of skeletal morphogenesis. In this study, we show that Hapln1a (Hyaluronan and Proteoglycan Link Protein 1a) functions downstream of cx43. Hapln1a belongs to the family of link proteins that play an important role in stabilizing the ECM by linking the aggregates of hyaluronan and proteoglycans. We validated that hapln1a is expressed downstream of cx43 by in situ hybridization and quantitative RT-PCR methods. Moreover, in situ hybridization at different time points revealed that hapln1a expression peaks at 3 days post amputation. Expression of hapln1a is located in the medial mesenchyme and the in the lateral skeletal precursor cells. Furthermore, morpholino mediated knock-down of hapln1a resulted in reduced fin regenerate length, reduced bony segment length and reduced cell proliferation, recapitulating all the phenotypes of cx43 knock-down. Moreover, Hyaluronic Acid (HA) levels are dramatically reduced in hapln1a knock-down fins, attesting the importance of Hapln1a in stabilizing the ECM. Attempts to place hapln1a in our previously defined cx43–sema3d pathway suggest that hapln1a functions in a parallel genetic pathway. Collectively, our data suggest that Cx43 mediates independent Sema3d and Hapln1a pathways in order to coordinate skeletal growth and patterning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayalakshmi Govindan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - M. Kathryn Iovine
- Department of Biological Sciences, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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16
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Kocabey S, Ceylan H, Tekinay AB, Guler MO. Glycosaminoglycan mimetic peptide nanofibers promote mineralization by osteogenic cells. Acta Biomater 2013; 9:9075-85. [PMID: 23871942 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2013.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2013] [Revised: 06/18/2013] [Accepted: 07/08/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Bone tissue regeneration is accomplished by concerted regulation of protein-based extracellular matrix components, glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and inductive growth factors. GAGs constitute a significant portion of the extracellular matrix and have a significant impact on regulating cellular behavior, either directly or through encapsulation and presentation of growth factors to the cells. In this study we utilized a supramolecular peptide nanofiber system that can emulate both the nanofibrous architecture of collagenous extracellular matrix and the major chemical composition found on GAGs. GAGs and collagen mimetic peptide nanofibers were designed and synthesized with sulfonate and carboxylate groups on the peptide scaffold. The GAG mimetic peptide nanofibers interact with bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2), which is a critical growth factor for osteogenic activity. The GAG mimicking ability of the peptide nanofibers and their interaction with BMP-2 promoted osteogenic activity and mineralization by osteoblastic cells. Alkaline phosphatase activity, Alizarin red staining and energy dispersive X-ray analysis spectroscopy indicated the efficacy of the peptide nanofibers in inducing mineralization. The multifunctional and bioactive microenvironment presented here provides osteoblastic cells with osteogenic stimuli similar to those observed in native bone tissue.
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17
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Wojak-Cwik IM, Hintze V, Schnabelrauch M, Moeller S, Dobrzynski P, Pamula E, Scharnweber D. Poly(L-lactide-co-glycolide) scaffolds coated with collagen and glycosaminoglycans: impact on proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells. J Biomed Mater Res A 2013; 101:3109-22. [PMID: 23526792 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.34620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2012] [Revised: 01/21/2013] [Accepted: 01/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we analyzed poly(L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) scaffolds modified with artificial extracellular matrices (aECM) consisting of collagen type I, chondroitin sulphate, and sulphated hyaluronan (sHya). We investigated the effect of these aECM coatings on proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC) in vitro. We found that scaffolds were homogeneously coated, and cross-linking of aECM did not significantly influence the amount of collagen immobilized. Cell proliferation was significantly increased on cross-linked surfaces in expansion medium (EM), but was retarded on cross-linked and non-cross-linked collagen/sHya coatings. The alkaline phosphatase activity was increased on sHya-containing coatings in EM even without the presence of differentiation supplements, but was six to ten times higher in differentiation medium (DM) and comparable for cross-linked and non-cross-linked collagen/sHya. The highest amount of calcium phosphate mineral was deposited on day 28 on cross-linked collagen/sHya. Therefore, coatings of PLGA scaffolds with collagen/sHya promoted the osteogenic differentiation of hMSCs in vitro and might be an interesting candidate for the modification of PLGA for bone reconstruction in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- I M Wojak-Cwik
- Department of Biomaterials, Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Science and Technology, Al. A. Mickiewicza 30, Krakow, Poland; Institute of Material Science, Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Technische Universität Dresden, Budapester Straße 27, Dresden, Germany
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18
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Kliemt S, Lange C, Otto W, Hintze V, Möller S, von Bergen M, Hempel U, Kalkhof S. Sulfated Hyaluronan Containing Collagen Matrices Enhance Cell-Matrix-Interaction, Endocytosis, and Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Mesenchymal Stromal Cells. J Proteome Res 2012; 12:378-89. [DOI: 10.1021/pr300640h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Kliemt
- Department
of Proteomics, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstrasse
15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Claudia Lange
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, TU Dresden, Fiedlerstrasse 42, Dresden 01307, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Otto
- Department
of Proteomics, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstrasse
15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Vera Hintze
- Institute of Material Science,
Max-Bergmann-Centre of Biomaterials, TU Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | | | - Martin von Bergen
- Department
of Proteomics, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstrasse
15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Metabolomics, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, 04318
Leipzig, Germany
- Department of
Biotechnology, Chemistry
and Environmental Engineering, Aalborg University, Sohngaardsholmsvej 49,DK-9000 Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Ute Hempel
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, TU Dresden, Fiedlerstrasse 42, Dresden 01307, Germany
| | - Stefan Kalkhof
- Department
of Proteomics, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstrasse
15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
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19
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Hempel U, Möller S, Noack C, Hintze V, Scharnweber D, Schnabelrauch M, Dieter P. Sulfated hyaluronan/collagen I matrices enhance the osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stromal cells in vitro even in the absence of dexamethasone. Acta Biomater 2012; 8:4064-72. [PMID: 22771456 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2012.06.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2012] [Revised: 06/23/2012] [Accepted: 06/29/2012] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Glycosaminoglycans (GAG) are multifunctional components of the extracellular matrix (ECM) involved in different steps of the regulation of cellular differentiation. In this study artificial extracellular matrices (aECM) consisting of collagen (Col) I and different GAG derivatives were used as a substrate for human mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSC) to study osteogenic differentiation in vitro. hMSC were cultured on aECM containing col and hyaluronan sulfates (HyaS) with increasing degrees of sulfation (DS(S)) and were compared with aECM containing col and the natural GAG hyaluronan or chondroitin 4-sulfate. hMSC were analyzed for osteogenic differentiation markers such as calcium phosphate deposition, tissue non-specific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP) and expression of runt-related transcription factor 2 (runx2), osteocalcin (ocn) and bone sialoprotein II (bspII). Compared with aECM containing Col and natural GAG all Col/HyaS-containing aECM induced an increase in calcium phosphate deposition, TNAP activity and tnap expression. These effects were also seen in the absence of dexamethasone (an established osteogenic supplement). The expression of runx2 and ocn was not altered and the expression of bspII was diminished on the col/HyaS-containing aECM. The impact of the Col/HyaS-containing aECM on hMSC differentiation was independent of the DS(S) of the HyaS derivatives, indicating the importance of the primary (C-6) hydroxyl group of N-acetylglucosamine. These results suggest that Col/HyaS-containing aECM are able to stimulate hMSC to undergo osteogenic differentiation even in the absence of dexamethasone, which makes these matrices an interesting tool for hMSC-based tissue engineering applications and biomaterial functionalizations to enhance bone formation.
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20
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Hess R, Jaeschke A, Neubert H, Hintze V, Moeller S, Schnabelrauch M, Wiesmann HP, Hart DA, Scharnweber D. Synergistic effect of defined artificial extracellular matrices and pulsed electric fields on osteogenic differentiation of human MSCs. Biomaterials 2012; 33:8975-85. [PMID: 22995709 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2012.08.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2012] [Accepted: 08/23/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In vivo, bone formation is a complex, tightly regulated process, influenced by multiple biochemical and physical factors. To develop a vital bone tissue engineering construct, all of these individual components have to be considered and integrated to gain an in vivo-like stimulation of target cells. The purpose of the present studies was to investigate the synergistic role of defined biochemical and physical microenvironments with respect to osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Biochemical microenvironments have been designed using artificial extracellular matrices (aECMs), containing collagen I (coll) and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) like chondroitin sulfate (CS), or a high-sulfated hyaluronan derivative (sHya), formulated as coatings on three-dimensional poly(caprolactone-co-lactide) (PCL) scaffolds. As part of the physical microenvironment, cells were exposed to pulsed electric fields via transformer-like coupling (TC). Results showed that aECM containing sHya enhanced osteogenic differentiation represented by increases in ALP activity and gene-expression (RT-qPCR) of several bone-related proteins (RUNX-2, ALP, OPN). Electric field stimulation alone did not influence cell proliferation, but osteogenic differentiation was enhanced if osteogenic supplements were provided, showing synergistic effects by the combination of sHya and electric fields. These results will improve the understanding of bone regeneration processes and support the development of effective tissue engineered bone constructs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricarda Hess
- Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Technische Universität Dresden, Budapester Straße 27, 01069 Dresden, Germany.
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21
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Möller S, Schmidtke M, Weiss D, Schiller J, Pawlik K, Wutzler P, Schnabelrauch M. Synthesis and antiherpetic activity of carboxymethylated and sulfated hyaluronan derivatives. Carbohydr Polym 2012; 90:608-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2012.05.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2012] [Revised: 04/10/2012] [Accepted: 05/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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22
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Hintze V, Miron A, Möller S, Schnabelrauch M, Heinemann S, Worch H, Scharnweber D. Artificial extracellular matrices of collagen and sulphated hyaluronan enhance the differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells in the presence of dexamethasone. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2012; 8:314-24. [PMID: 22718572 DOI: 10.1002/term.1528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2011] [Revised: 02/09/2012] [Accepted: 04/03/2012] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
In this study we investigated the potential of artificial extracellular matrix (aECM) coatings containing collagen II and two types of glycosaminoglycan (GAGs) with different degrees of sulphation to promote human bone formation in biomedical applications. To this end their impact on growth and osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) was assessed. The cell proliferation was found to be significantly retarded in the first 14 days of culture on surfaces coated with collagen II and GAGs (coll-II/GAG) as compared to tissue culture polystyrol (TCPS) and those coated with collagen II. At later time points it only tended to be retarded on coll-II/sHya3.1. Heat-inactivation of the serum significantly reduced cell numbers on collagen II and coll-II/sHya3.1. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and calcium deposition, on the other hand, were higher for coatings containing sHya3.1 and were not significantly changed by heat-inactivation of the serum. Expression levels of the bone matrix proteins bone sialoprotein (BSP-II) and osteopontin (OP) were also increased on aECM coatings as compared to TCPS, which further validated the differentiation of hMSCs towards the osteogenic lineage. These observations reveal that aECM coatings, in particular those containing sHya3.1, are suitable to promote the osteogenic differentiation of hMSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Hintze
- Institute of Materials Science, Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany
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23
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Tsai WB, Chen RPY, Wei KL, Tan SF, Lai JY. Modulation of RGD-Functionalized Polyelectrolyte Multilayer Membranes for Promoting Osteoblast Function. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2012; 21:377-94. [DOI: 10.1163/156856209x419095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Bor Tsai
- a Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1 Roosevelt Road, Sec. 4, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Rita Pei-Yeh Chen
- b Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuang-Ling Wei
- c Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1 Roosevelt Road, Sec. 4, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Su-Fang Tan
- d Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1 Roosevelt Road, Sec. 4, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Juin-Yih Lai
- e R&D Center for Membrane Technology and Department of Chemical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chungli, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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24
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Hempel U, Hintze V, Möller S, Schnabelrauch M, Scharnweber D, Dieter P. Artificial extracellular matrices composed of collagen I and sulfated hyaluronan with adsorbed transforming growth factor β1 promote collagen synthesis of human mesenchymal stromal cells. Acta Biomater 2012; 8:659-66. [PMID: 22061106 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2011.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2011] [Revised: 09/14/2011] [Accepted: 10/18/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Sulfated glycosaminoglycans (GAG) are multifunctional components of the extracellular matrix and are involved in the regulation of adhesion, proliferation and differentiation of cells. The effects of GAG are mediated in general by their interactions with cations and water, and in particular by their binding to growth factors. The aim of this study was to generate artificial extracellular matrices (aECM) containing collagen I and hyaluronan sulfate (HyaS), which are capable of adsorbing and releasing transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1), and to promote collagen synthesis of cultured human mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSC). For the preparation of aECM, monosulfated Hya (HyaS1) or trisulfated Hya (HyaS3) were used; the natural chondroitin-4-sulfate was used as a control. As applied for the in vitro experiments, the resulting matrices were composed of 93-98% collagen I and 2-7% GAG derivative. Adsorption of TGF-β1 to the aECM and release from the aECM was dependent on the degree of sulfation of hyaluronan. Collagen synthesis of hMSC was promoted only by aECM with adsorbed TGF-β1; the bare aECM had a slightly inhibitory effect on collagen synthesis. The promoting effect did not correlate either to the amount of adsorbed TGF-β1 nor to the release of TGF-β1, indicating that the correct presentation of TGF-β1 to the cells might be critical. The results indicate that sulfated hyaluronan-containing aECM have the potential to control both the adsorption and release of TGF-β1, and thereby promote collagen synthesis of hMSC. Thus, these aECM might be a useful tool for different tissue-engineering applications to enhance bone formation when used for biomaterial coating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ute Hempel
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Carl Gustav Carus Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Fiedlerstrasse 42, D-01307 Dresden, Germany.
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25
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Regenerative potential of glycosaminoglycans for skin and bone. J Mol Med (Berl) 2011; 90:625-35. [DOI: 10.1007/s00109-011-0843-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2011] [Revised: 11/30/2011] [Accepted: 12/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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26
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Stadlinger B, Hintze V, Bierbaum S, Möller S, Schulz MC, Mai R, Kuhlisch E, Heinemann S, Scharnweber D, Schnabelrauch M, Eckelt U. Biological functionalization of dental implants with collagen and glycosaminoglycans-A comparative study. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2011; 100:331-41. [PMID: 22102613 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.31953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2011] [Revised: 06/14/2011] [Accepted: 08/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Biological implant surface coatings are an emerging technology to increase bone formation. Such an approach is of special interest in anatomical regions like the maxilla. In the present study, we hypothesized that the coating of titanium implants with components of the organic extracellular matrix increases bone formation and implant stability compared to an uncoated reference. The implants were coated using collagen-I with either two different concentrations of chondroitin sulfate (CS) or two differentially sulfated hyaluronans. Implant coatings were characterized biochemically and with atomic force microscopy. Histomorphometry was used to assess bone-implant contact (BIC) and bone-volume density (BVD) after 4 and 8 weeks of submerged healing in the maxilla of 20 minipigs. Further, implant stability was measured by resonance frequency analysis (RFA). Implants containing the lower CS concentration had significantly more BIC, compared to the uncoated reference at both times of interest. No significant increase was measured from week 4 to 8. Differences in BVD and RFA were statistically not significant. A higher concentration of CS and the application of sulfated hyaluronans showed no comparable increase in BIC. This study demonstrates a positive effect of a specific collagen-glycosaminoglycan combination on early bone formation in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernd Stadlinger
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Technology Dresden, Faculty of Medicine, Fetscherstr. 74, D-01307 Dresden, Germany.
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27
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Chien HW, Tan SF, Wei KL, Tsai WB. Modulation of the functions of osteoblast-like cells on poly(allylamine hydrochloride) and poly(acrylic acid) multilayer films. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2011; 88:297-303. [PMID: 21798725 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2011.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2011] [Revised: 06/17/2011] [Accepted: 07/04/2011] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Deposition of layer-by-layer polyelectrolyte multilayer (PEM) films has been a widely applied surface modification technique to improve the biocompatibility of biomaterials. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of the deposition of poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH) and poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) multilayer films on adhesion, growth and differentiation of osteoblasts-like MG63 cells. PAH and PAA were deposited sequentially onto tissue culture polystyrene at either pH 2.0 or pH 6.5 with 4-21 layers. While the MG63 cells attached poorly on the PAH/PAA multilayer films deposited at pH 2.0, while the cells adhered to the PEM films deposited at pH 6.5, depending on layer numbers. Cell adhesion, proliferation and osteogenic activities (alkaline phosphatase activity, expression of osteogenic marker genes and mineralization) were highest on the 4-layer PAH/PAA film and decreased with increasing layer numbers. On the other hand, the behavior of MG63 cells did not show any difference on the adjacent even and odd layers, except PEM4 and PEM5, i.e. the surface charges of the PAH/PAA multilayer films with over ten layers seem indifferent to osteoblastic functions. The results in this study suggested that the mechanical properties of PEM films may play a critical role in modulating the behavior of osteoblasts, providing guidance for application of PEM films to osteopaedic implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiu-Wen Chien
- National Taiwan University, Department of Chemical Engineering, Taipei, Taiwan
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28
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Becher J, Möller S, Weiss D, Schiller J, Schnabelrauch M. Synthesis of New Regioselectively Sulfated Hyaluronans for Biomedical Application. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/masy.201051060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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29
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Kunze R, Rösler M, Möller S, Schnabelrauch M, Riemer T, Hempel U, Dieter P. Sulfated hyaluronan derivatives reduce the proliferation rate of primary rat calvarial osteoblasts. Glycoconj J 2009; 27:151-8. [PMID: 19941065 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-009-9270-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2009] [Revised: 10/30/2009] [Accepted: 11/04/2009] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Glycosaminoglycans (GAG) and proteoglycans, which are components of the extracellular bone matrix, are also localized in and at the membrane of osteoblasts and in the pericellular matrix. Due to their interaction with several growth factors, water and cations these molecules play an important role in regulating proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts and bone development. The aim of this study was to assess in vitro the effects of two chemically sulfated hyaluronan (HyaS) derivatives on the proliferation of rat calvarial osteoblasts and to compare with those of native hyaluronan (Hya) and natural sulfated GAG such as chondroitin-4-sulfate (C4S), chondroitin-6-sulfate (C6S), dermatan sulfate (DS) and heparan sulfate (HS). Moderately and highly sulfated HyaS derivatives caused a time-dependent reduction of osteoblast proliferation. The anti-proliferative effect of HyaS was accompanied by a cell cycle arrest in the G1 phase, but was not associated with cell death. Whereas non-sulfated high molecular weight (HMW)- and low molecular weight (LMW)-Hya as well as C4S, C6S, DS and HS showed no effect on the cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reiner Kunze
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Dresden University of Technology, Fiedlerstrasse 42, 01307, Dresden, Germany.
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30
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Hintze V, Moeller S, Schnabelrauch M, Bierbaum S, Viola M, Worch H, Scharnweber D. Modifications of Hyaluronan Influence the Interaction with Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein-4 (hBMP-4). Biomacromolecules 2009; 10:3290-7. [DOI: 10.1021/bm9008827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vera Hintze
- Institute of Material Science, Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany, Biomaterials Department, INNOVENT e.V., 07745 Jena, Germany, and Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, Università dell’Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Stephanie Moeller
- Institute of Material Science, Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany, Biomaterials Department, INNOVENT e.V., 07745 Jena, Germany, and Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, Università dell’Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Matthias Schnabelrauch
- Institute of Material Science, Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany, Biomaterials Department, INNOVENT e.V., 07745 Jena, Germany, and Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, Università dell’Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Susanne Bierbaum
- Institute of Material Science, Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany, Biomaterials Department, INNOVENT e.V., 07745 Jena, Germany, and Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, Università dell’Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Manuela Viola
- Institute of Material Science, Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany, Biomaterials Department, INNOVENT e.V., 07745 Jena, Germany, and Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, Università dell’Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Hartmut Worch
- Institute of Material Science, Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany, Biomaterials Department, INNOVENT e.V., 07745 Jena, Germany, and Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, Università dell’Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Dieter Scharnweber
- Institute of Material Science, Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany, Biomaterials Department, INNOVENT e.V., 07745 Jena, Germany, and Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, Università dell’Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy
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Ahmed S, Tsuchiya T, Nagahata-Ishiguro M, Sawada R, Banu N, Nagira T. Enhancing action by sulfated hyaluronan on connexin-26, -32, and -43 gene expressions during the culture of normal human astrocytes. J Biomed Mater Res A 2009; 90:713-9. [PMID: 18570339 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.32018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Astrocyte proliferation is strictly controlled during development and in the adult nervous system. In this study, we examined the role of sulfated hyaluronan (SHya) in the proliferation and differentiation of normal human astrocytes (NHAs). Cells were cultured with different concentrations of SHya for 7 days, and the number of viable cells and the presence of neural cell-specific genes were determined to assess their proliferation and development, respectively. With SHya, cell proliferation increased nonsignificantly. Furthermore, remarkable enhancing action by SHya on connexin-26, -32, and -43 gene expressions were observed during the culture of NHAs. It has been suggested that a fraction of NHAs have neural precursor activity that gives rise to astrocytes themselves, oligodendrocytes, and neurons. Our results clearly demonstrated that the expression of specific genes for neural precursor cells, astrocytes, neurons, and oligodendrocytes was significantly increased to 50 mug/mL in SHya-treated cultures when compared with that of the control culture. These findings suggest that SHya plays an important role in the proliferation and differentiation of NHAs and in the production of a novel material for tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saifuddin Ahmed
- Division of Medical Devices, National Institute of Health Sciences, 1-18-1 Kamiyoga, Setagaya-Ku, Tokyo 158-8501, Japan
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Yamada T, Sawada R, Tsuchiya T. The effect of sulfated hyaluronan on the morphological transformation and activity of cultured human astrocytes. Biomaterials 2008; 29:3503-13. [PMID: 18533253 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2008.03.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2008] [Accepted: 03/26/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
We demonstrated the effect of synthesized sulfated hyaluronan (SHya), which is composed of a sulfated group and hyaluronan, and basic fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF-2) on normal human astrocytes (NHA) activity and its morphological transformation in vitro study. Astrocyte is a kind of glial cell and stellated astrocyte (activating astrocyte) supports axons network, neurons survival and synaptic plasticity. Treatment of SHya hardly affected NHA proliferation. However combination treatment of SHya and FGF-2 increased NHA proliferation. Treatment of SHya promoted transformation of normal astrocyte into a stella morphology (stellation) and combination treatment of SHya and FGF-2 promoted stellation than that of SHya only. Treatment of SHya increased glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), nestin mRNA and GFAP protein expression in the stellated NHA. The cell-cell adhesion of NHA increased by treatment of SHya. Treatment of SHya increased heparin-binding trophic factors FGF-2, midkine, and some other trophic factors mRNA level in the NHA. These results suggested that the treatment of SHya promoted NHA activity due to enhancing neurotrophins production and the morphological transformation of NHA and the effect of SHya on astrocytes partly involved FGF-2 activity. These findings indicate that SHya may be involved in the astrocyte activity and support neurons survivals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Yamada
- Division of Medical Devices, National Institute of Health Sciences, 1-18-1 Kamiyoga, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 158-8501, Japan
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Guillotin B, Bareille R, Bourget C, Bordenave L, Amédée J. Interaction between human umbilical vein endothelial cells and human osteoprogenitors triggers pleiotropic effect that may support osteoblastic function. Bone 2008; 42:1080-91. [PMID: 18387350 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2008.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2007] [Revised: 01/24/2008] [Accepted: 01/27/2008] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Osteogenesis occurs in striking interaction with angiogenesis. There is growing evidence that endothelial cells are involved in the modulation of osteoblast differentiation. We hypothesized that primary human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) should be able to modulate primary human osteoprogenitors (HOP) function in an in vitro co-culture model. In a previous study we demonstrated that a 3 day to 3 week co-culture stimulates HOP differentiation markers such as Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) activity and mineralization. In the present study we addressed the effects induced by the co-culture on HOP within the first 48 hours. As a prerequisite, we validated a method based on immuno-magnetic beads to separate HOP from HUVEC after co-culture. Reverse transcription-real time quantitative PCR studies demonstrated up-regulation of the ALP expression in the co-cultured HOP, confirming previous results. Surprisingly, down-regulation of runx2 and osteocalcin was also shown. Western blot analysis revealed co-culture induced down-regulation of Connexin43 expression in both cell types. Connexin43 function may be altered in co-cultured HOP as well. Stimulation of the cAMP pathway was able to counterbalance the effect of the co-culture on the ALP activity, but was not able to rescue runx2 mRNA level. Co-culture effect on HOP transcriptome was analyzed with GEArray cDNA microarray showing endothelial cells may also modulate HOP extracellular matrix production. In accordance with previous work, we propose endothelial cells may support initial osteoblastic proliferation but do not alter the ability of the osteoblasts to produce extracellular mineralizing matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Guillotin
- Laboratoire CIRID, UMR 5164 CNRS, Université Victor Segalen Bordeaux2, 146 rue Léo Saignat, 33076 Bordeaux, France.
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Abstract
Biodegradable polymers are often used as scaffolds for tissue engineering and these polymers are in class IV under the revised Pharmaceutical Affairs Law. From the point of view of safety and efficacy, recent problems in the development of tissue-engineered products using biodegradable polymers are summarized in this report.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshie Tsuchiya
- Division of Medical Devices, National Institute of Health Sciences, Tokyo, Japan.
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Woo KM, Seo J, Zhang R, Ma PX. Suppression of apoptosis by enhanced protein adsorption on polymer/hydroxyapatite composite scaffolds. Biomaterials 2007; 28:2622-30. [PMID: 17320948 PMCID: PMC1934407 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2007.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2006] [Accepted: 02/01/2007] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Bone tissue engineering is a promising alternative to bone grafting. Scaffolds play a critical role in tissue engineering. Composite scaffolds made of biodegradable polymers and bone mineral-like inorganic compounds have been reported to be advantageous over plain polymer scaffolds by our group and others. In this study, we compared cellular and molecular events during the early periods of osteoblastic cell culture on poly(l-lactic acid)/hydroxyapatite (PLLA/HAP) composite scaffolds with those on plain PLLA scaffolds, and showed that PLLA/HAP scaffolds improved cell survival over plain PLLA scaffolds. Most cells (MC3T3-E1) on PLLA/HAP scaffolds survived the early culture. In contrast, about 50% of the cells initially adhered to the plain PLLA scaffolds were detached within the first 12h and showed characteristics of apoptotic cell death, which was confirmed by TUNEL staining and caspase-3 activation. To investigate the mechanisms, we examined the adsorption of serum protein and adhesion molecules to the scaffolds. The PLLA/HAP scaffold adsorbed more than 1.4 times of total serum protein and much greater amounts of serum fibronectin and vitronectin than pure PLLA scaffolds. Similarly, significantly larger amounts of individual adhesion proteins and peptides (fibronectin, vitronectin, RGD, and KRSR) were adsorbed on the PLLA/HAP scaffolds than on the PLLA scaffolds, which resulted in higher cell density on the PLLA/HAP scaffolds. Furthermore, beta1 and beta3 integrins and phosphorylation of Fak and Akt proteins in the cells on the PLLA/HAP scaffolds were significantly more abundent than those on PLLA scaffolds, which suggest that enhanced adsorption of serum adhesion proteins to PLLA/HAP scaffolds protect the cells from apoptosis possibly through the integrin-FAK-Akt pathway. These results demonstrate that biomimetic composite scaffolds are advantageous for bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Mi Woo
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 110-740, Republic of Korea
- Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 110-740, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jihye Seo
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 110-740, Republic of Korea
| | - Ruiyun Zhang
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Peter X. Ma
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Macromolecular Science and Engineering Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- *To whom correspondences should be addressed: Peter X. Ma, Ph.D. Associate Professor, Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, 1011 North University Ave., Room 2211, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1078, Tel: (734) 764-2209, Fax: (734) 647-2110, E-mail:
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Kokkonen HE, Ilvesaro JM, Morra M, Schols HA, Tuukkanen J. Effect of Modified Pectin Molecules on the Growth of Bone Cells. Biomacromolecules 2007; 8:509-15. [PMID: 17291075 DOI: 10.1021/bm060614h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate molecular candidates for bone implant nanocoatings, which could improve biocompatibility of implant materials. Primary rat bone cells and murine preosteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells were cultured on enzymatically modified hairy regions (MHR-A and MHR-B) of apple pectins. MHRs were covalently attached to tissue culture polystyrene (TCPS) or glass. Uncoated substrata or bone slices were used as controls. Cell attachment, proliferation, and differentiation were investigated with fluorescence and confocal microscopy. Bone cells seem to prefer MHR-B coating to MHR-A coating. On MHR-A samples, the overall numbers as well as proportions of active osteoclasts were diminished compared to those on MHR-B, TCPS, or bone. Focal adhesions indicating attachment of the osteoblastic cells were detected on MHR-B and uncoated controls but not on MHR-A. These results demonstrate the possibility to modify surfaces with pectin nanocoatings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna E Kokkonen
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
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Matemba SF, Lie A, Ransjö M. Regulation of osteoclastogenesis by gap junction communication. J Cell Biochem 2006; 99:528-37. [PMID: 16639710 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.20866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Receptor activator of NF-kappaB ligand (RANKL) is crucial in osteoclastogenesis but signaling events involved in osteoclast differentiation are far from complete and other signals may play a role in osteoclastogenesis. A more direct pathway for cellular crosstalk is provided by gap junction intercellular channel, which allows adjacent cells to exchange second messengers, ions, and cellular metabolites. Here we have investigated the role of gap junction communication in osteoclastogenesis in mouse bone marrow cultures. Immunoreactive sites for the gap junction protein connexin 43 (Cx43) were detected in the marrow stromal cells and in mature osteoclasts. Carbenoxolone (CBX) functionally blocked gap junction communication as demonstrated by a scrape loading Lucifer Yellow dye transfer technique. CBX caused a dose-dependent inhibition (significant > or = 90 microM) of the number of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)-positive multinucleated cells formed in 7- to 8-day marrow cultures stimulated by parathyroid hormone (PTH; 10 nM) or forskolin (FSK; 1 microM). Furthermore, CBX (100 microM) significantly inhibited prostaglandin E2 (PGE2; 10 microM) and 1,25(OH)2-vitamin D3 stimulated osteoclast differentiation in the mouse bone marrow cultures. Consequently, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis demonstrated that CBX downregulated the expression of osteoclast phenotypic markers, but without having any significant effects on RANK, RANKL, and osteoprotegerin (OPG) mRNA expression. However, the results demonstrated that CBX significantly inhibits RANKL-stimulated (100 ng/ml) osteoclastogenesis in the mouse bone marrow cultures. Taken together, our results suggests that gap junctional diffusion of messenger molecules interacts with signaling pathways downstream RANKL in osteoclast differentiation. Further studies are required to define the precise mechanisms and molecular targets involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen F Matemba
- Department of Odontology, Division of Oral Cell Biology, Umeå University, SE 901 87, Umeå, Sweden
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Nagahata M, Nakaoka R, Teramoto A, Abe K, Tsuchiya T. The response of normal human osteoblasts to anionic polysaccharide polyelectrolyte complexes. Biomaterials 2005; 26:5138-44. [PMID: 15792540 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2005.01.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2004] [Accepted: 01/07/2005] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Polyelectrolyte complexes (PEC) were prepared from chitosan as the polycation and several synthesized functional anion polysaccharides, and their effects on cell attachment, morphology, proliferation and differentiation were estimated using normal human osteoblasts (NHOst). After a 1-week incubation, PEC made from polysaccharides having carboxyl groups as polyanions showed low viability of NHOst on it although the NHOst on it showed an enhancement in their differentiation level. On the other hand, NHOst on PEC made from sulfated or phosphated polysaccharides showed similar attachment and morphology to those on the collagen-coated dish. When the number of NHOst was estimated after 1 week, the number on the PEC was ranged from 70% to 130% of those on the collagen-coated dish, indicating few effects of these PEC on cell proliferation. In addition, NHOst on PEC films made from sulfated polysaccharides differentiated to a level very similar to that observed on the collagen-coated dish, indicating that these PEC films maintain the normal potential of NHOst to both proliferate and differentiate. Measurement of gap junctional intercellular communication of NHOst on PEC revealed that PEC did not inhibit communication, suggesting that PEC films have few effects on cell homeostasis. Thus, PEC made from the sulfated polysaccharide may be a useful material as a new scaffold for bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misao Nagahata
- Division of Medical Devices, National Institute of Health Sciences, 1-81-1 Kamiyoga, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 158-8501, Japan.
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Liu P, Lin JH, Zhang B. Differential regulation of cadherin expression by osteotropic hormones and growth factors in vitro in human osteoprogenitor cells. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2005; 26:705-13. [PMID: 15916737 DOI: 10.1111/j.1745-7254.2005.00114.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To examine if cadherins are expressed constitutively in human bone marrow stromal cells (hBMSC) and investigate the regulation of cadherin expression by various osteotropic hormones and local factors. METHODS Cadherin expression was examined in first passaged (secondary) hBMSC as well as in the conditionally-immortalized human osteoprogenitor cell line (hOP-7). Using a monoclonal antibody (MoAb C-1821) to a cytoplasmic domain common to all known cadherins (pan-cadherin MoAb), cadherins were immunolocalized in first passaged hBMSC as well as in hOP-7 cells. In addition, intense immunostaining for cadherin expression was associated with alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in nodules formed in the high density cultures of hOP-7 cells. Human E-cadherin (HECD) was specifically detected by Western blotting in extracts of untreated hBMSC using an anti-HECD MoAb 004FD. RESULTS Differential regulation of cadherin expression by various osteotropic hormones and local factors (parathyroid hormone, dexamethasone, estradiol, prostaglandin E2, basic fibroblast growth factor, and tumor necrosis factor-beta) was also observed. In addition, blocking cadherins with the MoAb C-1821 increased basal ALP activity and had an additive effect on 1, 25(OH) 2D3-induced ALP activity. CONCLUSION Cadherins are expressed in human osteoprogenitor cells and are involved in the osteogenic differentiation. The differential modulation of cadherin expression by osteotropic agents indicates that these agents may regulate osteoprogenitor cells through different cadherins and these cadherins may play different roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Liu
- Arthritis Clinic and Research Center, People's Hospital, Medical Health Center, Peking University, Beijing 100044, China
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