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Brown DM, Glass JI. Technology used to build and transfer mammalian chromosomes. Exp Cell Res 2020; 388:111851. [PMID: 31952951 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2020.111851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
In the near twenty-year existence of the human and mammalian artificial chromosome field, the technologies for artificial chromosome construction and installation into desired cell types or organisms have evolved with the rest of modern molecular and synthetic biology. Medical, industrial, pharmaceutical, agricultural, and basic research scientists seek the as yet unrealized promise of human and mammalian artificial chromosomes. Existing technologies for both top-down and bottom-up approaches to construct these artificial chromosomes for use in higher eukaryotes are very different but aspire to achieve similar results. New capacity for production of chromosome sized synthetic DNA will likely shift the field towards more bottom-up approaches, but not completely. Similarly, new approaches to install human and mammalian artificial chromosomes in target cells will compete with the microcell mediated cell transfer methods that currently dominate the field.
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Brown DM, Chan YA, Desai PJ, Grzesik P, Oldfield LM, Vashee S, Way JC, Silver PA, Glass JI. Efficient size-independent chromosome delivery from yeast to cultured cell lines. Nucleic Acids Res 2017; 45:e50. [PMID: 27980064 PMCID: PMC5397165 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkw1252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The delivery of large DNA vectors (>100 000 bp) remains a limiting step in the engineering of mammalian cells and the development of human artificial chromosomes (HACs). Yeast is commonly used to assemble genetic constructs in the megabase size range, and has previously been used to transfer constructs directly into cultured cells. We improved this method to efficiently deliver large (1.1 Mb) synthetic yeast centromeric plasmids (YCps) to cultured cell lines at rates similar to that of 12 kb YCps. Synchronizing cells in mitosis improved the delivery efficiency by 10-fold and a statistical design of experiments approach was employed to boost the vector delivery rate by nearly 300-fold from 1/250 000 to 1/840 cells, and subsequently optimize the delivery process for multiple mammalian, avian, and insect cell lines. We adapted this method to rapidly deliver a 152 kb herpes simplex virus 1 genome cloned in yeast into mammalian cells to produce infectious virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M Brown
- Synthetic Biology and Bioenergy, J. Craig Venter Institute, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA.,Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Yujia A Chan
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Prashant J Desai
- Johns Hopkins University, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center Johns Hopkins, Viral Oncology Program, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - Peter Grzesik
- Johns Hopkins University, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center Johns Hopkins, Viral Oncology Program, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - Lauren M Oldfield
- Synthetic Biology and Bioenergy, J. Craig Venter Institute, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Sanjay Vashee
- Synthetic Biology and Bioenergy, J. Craig Venter Institute, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Jeffrey C Way
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Pamela A Silver
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - John I Glass
- Synthetic Biology and Bioenergy, J. Craig Venter Institute, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
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Yang P, Wang J, Gong G, Sun X, Zhang R, Du Z, Liu Y, Li R, Ding F, Tang B, Dai Y, Li N. Cattle mammary bioreactor generated by a novel procedure of transgenic cloning for large-scale production of functional human lactoferrin. PLoS One 2008; 3:e3453. [PMID: 18941633 PMCID: PMC2565487 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0003453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2008] [Accepted: 09/17/2008] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Large-scale production of biopharmaceuticals by current bioreactor techniques is limited by low transgenic efficiency and low expression of foreign proteins. In general, a bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) harboring most regulatory elements is capable of overcoming the limitations, but transferring BAC into donor cells is difficult. We describe here the use of cattle mammary bioreactor to produce functional recombinant human lactoferrin (rhLF) by a novel procedure of transgenic cloning, which employs microinjection to generate transgenic somatic cells as donor cells. Bovine fibroblast cells were co-microinjected for the first time with a 150-kb BAC carrying the human lactoferrin gene and a marker gene. The resulting transfection efficiency of up to 15.79 x 10(-2) percent was notably higher than that of electroporation and lipofection. Following somatic cell nuclear transfer, we obtained two transgenic cows that secreted rhLF at high levels, 2.5 g/l and 3.4 g/l, respectively. The rhLF had a similar pattern of glycosylation and proteolytic susceptibility as the natural human counterpart. Biochemical analysis revealed that the iron-binding and releasing properties of rhLF were identical to that of native hLF. Importantly, an antibacterial experiment further demonstrated that rhLF was functional. Our results indicate that co-microinjection with a BAC and a marker gene into donor cells for somatic cell cloning indeed improves transgenic efficiency. Moreover, the cattle mammary bioreactors generated with this novel procedure produce functional rhLF on an industrial scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Penghua Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianwu Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Guochun Gong
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuzhu Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ran Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuo Du
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Liu
- Beijing Genprotein Biotechnology Company, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong Li
- Beijing Genprotein Biotechnology Company, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Fangrong Ding
- Beijing Genprotein Biotechnology Company, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Tang
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Genprotein Biotechnology Company, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunping Dai
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Li
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- * E-mail:
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