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Hashemi V, Masjedi A, Hazhir-Karzar B, Tanomand A, Shotorbani SS, Hojjat-Farsangi M, Ghalamfarsa G, Azizi G, Anvari E, Baradaran B, Jadidi-Niaragh F. The role of DEAD-box RNA helicase p68 (DDX5) in the development and treatment of breast cancer. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:5478-5487. [PMID: 30417346 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
RNA helicase p68 or DEAD (Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp) box polypeptide 5 (DDX5) is a unique member of the highly conserved protein family, which is involved in a broad spectrum of biological processes, including transcription, translation, precursor messenger RNA processing or alternative splicing, and microRNA (miRNA) processing. It has been shown that p68 is necessary for cell growth and participates in the early development and maturation of some organs. Interestingly, p68 is a transcriptional coactivator of numerous oncogenic transcription factors, including nuclear factor-κβ (NF-κβ), estrogen receptor α (ERα), β-catenin, androgen receptor, Notch transcriptional activation complex, p53 and signal transducer, and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3). Recent studies on the role of p68 (DDX5) in multiple dysregulated cellular processes in various cancers and its abnormal expression indicate the importance of this factor in tumor development. Discussion of the precise role of p68 in cancer is complex and depends on the cellular microenvironment and interacting factors. In terms of the deregulated expression of p68 in breast cancer and the high prevalence of this cancer among women, it can be informative to review the precise function of this factor in the breast cancer. Therefore, an attempt will be made in this review to clarify the tumorigenic function of p68 in association with its targeting potential for the treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vida Hashemi
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Maragheh University of Medical Science, Maragheh, Iran
| | - Ali Masjedi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Bita Hazhir-Karzar
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Asghar Tanomand
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Maragheh University of Medical Science, Maragheh, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Hojjat-Farsangi
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Immune and Gene therapy Lab, Cancer Center Karolinska (CCK), Karolinska University Hospital Solna and Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Ghasem Ghalamfarsa
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Azizi
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Enayat Anvari
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Farhad Jadidi-Niaragh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Singh V, Connelly ZM, Shen X, De Benedetti A. Identification of the proteome complement of humanTLK1 reveals it binds and phosphorylates NEK1 regulating its activity. Cell Cycle 2017; 16:915-926. [PMID: 28426283 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2017.1314421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The Tousled Like kinases (TLKs) are involved in numerous cellular functions, including the DNA Damage Response (DDR), but only a handful of substrates have been identified thus far. Through a novel proteomic screen, we have now identified 165 human proteins interacting with TLK1, and we have focused this work on NEK1 because of its known role in the DDR, upstream of ATR and Chk1. TLK1 and NEK1 were found to interact by coIP, and their binding is strengthened following exposure of cells to H2O2. Following incubation with doxorubicin, TLK1 and NEK1 relocalize with nuclear repair foci along with γH2AX. TLK1 phosphorylated NEK1 at T141, which lies in the kinase domain, and caused an increase in its activity. Following DNA damage, addition of the TLK1 inhibitor, THD, or overexpression of NEK1-T141A mutant impaired ATR and Chk1 activation, indicating the existence of a TLK1>NEK1>ATR>Chk1 pathway. Indeed, overexpression of the NEK1-T141A mutant resulted in an altered cell cycle response after exposure of cells to oxidative stress, including bypass of G1 arrest and implementation of an intra S-phase checkpoint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vibha Singh
- a Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center , Shreveport , LA , USA
| | - Zachary M Connelly
- a Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center , Shreveport , LA , USA
| | - Xinggui Shen
- b Pathology and Translational Pathobiology , Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center , Shreveport , LA , USA
| | - Arrigo De Benedetti
- a Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center , Shreveport , LA , USA
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Fekete A, Kenesi E, Hunyadi-Gulyas E, Durgo H, Berko B, Dunai ZA, Bauer PI. The guanine-quadruplex structure in the human c-myc gene's promoter is converted into B-DNA form by the human poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase-1. PLoS One 2012; 7:e42690. [PMID: 22880082 PMCID: PMC3412819 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0042690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2012] [Accepted: 07/11/2012] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The important regulatory role of the guanine-quadruplex (GQ) structure, present in the nuclease hypersensitive element (NHE) III1 region of the human c-myc (h c-myc) gene's promoter, in the regulation of the transcription of that gene has been documented. Here we present evidences, that the human nuclear poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase-1 (h PARP-1) protein participates in the regulation of the h c-myc gene expression through its interaction with this GQ structure, characterized by binding assays, fluorescence energy transfer (FRET) experiments and by affinity pull-down experiments in vitro, and by chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP)-qPCR analysis and h c-myc-promoter-luciferase reporter determinations in vivo. We surmise that h PARP-1 binds to the GQ structure and participates in the conversion of that structure into the transcriptionally more active B-DNA form. The first Zn-finger structure present in h PARP-1 participates in this interaction. PARP-1 might be a new member of the group of proteins participating in the regulation of transcription through their interactions with GQ structures present in the promoters of different genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Fekete
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Erzsebet Kenesi
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Eva Hunyadi-Gulyas
- Laboratory of Proteomics, Biological Research Center, Hungarian Academy of Science, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Hajnalka Durgo
- Laboratory of Proteomics, Biological Research Center, Hungarian Academy of Science, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Barbara Berko
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsanna A. Dunai
- Department of Pathogenetics, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Pal I. Bauer
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- * E-mail:
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De Benedetti A. The Tousled-Like Kinases as Guardians of Genome Integrity. ISRN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2012; 2012:627596. [PMID: 23869254 PMCID: PMC3712517 DOI: 10.5402/2012/627596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The Tousled-like kinases (TLKs) function in processes of chromatin assembly, including replication, transcription, repair, and chromosome segregation. TLKs interact specifically (and phosphorylate) with the chromatin assembly factor Asf1, a histone H3-H4 chaperone, histone H3 itself at Ser10, and also Rad9, a key protein involved in DNA repair and cell cycle signaling following DNA damage. These interactions are believed to be responsible for the action of TLKs in double-stranded break repair and radioprotection and also in the propagation of the DNA damage response. Hence, I propose that TLKs play key roles in maintenance of genome integrity in many organisms of both kingdoms. In this paper, I highlight key issues of the known roles of these proteins, particularly in the context of DNA repair (IR and UV), their possible relevance to genome integrity and cancer development, and as possible targets for intervention in cancer management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arrigo De Benedetti
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Feist-Weiller Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, LA 71130, USA
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Fuller-Pace FV, Moore HC. RNA helicases p68 and p72: multifunctional proteins with important implications for cancer development. Future Oncol 2011; 7:239-51. [PMID: 21345143 DOI: 10.2217/fon.11.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The DEAD box RNA helicases p68 (DDX5) and p72 (DDX17) play important roles in multiple cellular processes that are commonly dysregulated in cancers, including transcription, pre-mRNA processing/alternative splicing and miRNA processing. Although p68 and p72 appear to have some overlapping functions, they clearly also have distinct, nonredundant functions. Furthermore, their ability to interact with a variety of different factors and act as multifunctional proteins has the potential to impact on several different processes, and alterations in expression or function of p68 and/or p72 could have profound implications for cancer development. However, their roles are likely to be context-dependent and both proteins have been reported to have pro-proliferation or even oncogenic functions as well as antiproliferative or tumor cosuppressor roles. Therefore, eludicating the precise role of these proteins in cancer is likely to be complex and to depend on the cellular environment and interacting factors. In this article, we review the many functions that have been attributed to p68 and p72 and discuss their potential roles in cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frances V Fuller-Pace
- Centre for Oncology & Molecular Medicine, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital & Medical School, Dundee, UK.
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Pires IM, Bencokova Z, McGurk C, Hammond EM. Exposure to acute hypoxia induces a transient DNA damage response which includes Chk1 and TLK1. Cell Cycle 2011; 9:2502-7. [PMID: 20581459 DOI: 10.4161/cc.9.13.12059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe hypoxia has been demonstrated to induce a replication arrest which is associated with decreased levels of nucleotides. Chk1 is rapidly phosphorylated in response to severe hypoxia and in turn deactivates TLK1 through phosphorylation. Loss of Chk1 has been shown to sensitize cells to hypoxia/reoxygenation. After short (acute) exposure to hypoxia this is due to an increased rate of reoxygenation-induced replication restart and subsequent p53-dependent apoptosis. After longer (chronic) exposure to hypoxia S phase cells do not undergo reoxygenation-induced replication restart. Cells exposed to these levels of hypoxia however are sensitive to loss of Chk1. This suggests a new role for Chk1 in the cell cycle response to reoxygenation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel M Pires
- The Gray Institute for Radiation Oncology and Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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