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Podrini C, Cassina L, Boletta A. Metabolic reprogramming and the role of mitochondria in polycystic kidney disease. Cell Signal 2019; 67:109495. [PMID: 31816397 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2019.109495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease (ADPKD) is a slowly progressive disease characterized by the relentless growth of renal cysts throughout the life of affected individuals. Early evidence suggested that the epithelia lining the cysts share neoplastic features, leading to the definition of PKD as a "neoplasm in disguise". Recent work from our and other laboratories has identified a profound metabolic reprogramming in PKD, similar to the one reported in cancer and consistent with the reported increased proliferation. Multiple lines of evidence suggest that aerobic glycolysis (a Warburg-like effect) is present in the disease, along with other metabolic dysfunctions such as an increase in the pentose phosphate pathway, in glutamine anaplerosis and fatty acid biosynthesis, while fatty acid oxidation and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) are decreased. In addition to glutamine, other amino acid-related pathways appear altered, including asparagine and arginine. The precise origin of the metabolic alterations is not entirely clear, but two hypotheses can be formulated, not mutually exclusive. First, the polycystins have been recently shown to regulate directly mitochondrial function and structure either by regulating Ca2+ uptake in mitochondria at the Mitochondria Associated Membranes (MAMs) of the Endoplasmic Reticulum, or by a direct translocation of a small fragment of the protein into the matrix of mitochondria. One alternative possibility is that metabolic and mitochondrial dysfunctions in ADPKD are secondary to the de-regulation of proliferation, driven by the multiple signaling pathways identified in the disease, which include mTORC1 and AMPK among the most relevant. While the precise mechanisms underlying these novel alterations identified in ADPKD will need further investigation, it is evident that they offer a great opportunity for novel interventions in the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Podrini
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Cassina
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Boletta
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
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Ishikawa K, Kobayashi K, Yamada A, Umehara M, Oka T, Nakada K. Concentration of mitochondrial DNA mutations by cytoplasmic transfer from platelets to cultured mouse cells. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0213283. [PMID: 30830936 PMCID: PMC6398856 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0213283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulation of mutations in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is thought to be responsible for mitochondrial, and other, diseases and biological phenomena, such as diabetes, cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and aging. Mouse models may elucidate the relationship between mutations in mtDNA and these abnormalities. However, because of the difficulty of mtDNA manipulation, generation of mouse models has not sufficiently progressed to enable such studies. To overcome this difficulty and to establish a source of diverse mtDNA mutations, we here generated cultured mouse cells containing mtDNA derived from an mtDNA mutator mouse that accumulates random mtDNA mutations with age. Mutation analysis of the obtained transmitochondrial cytoplasmic hybrid cells (cybrids) revealed that the cells harbored diverse mtDNA mutations occurring at a higher frequency than in mouse tissues, and exhibited severe respiration defects that would be lethal in tissues or organs. Abnormal respiratory complex formation and high stress on the mitochondrial protein quality control system appeared to be involved in these severe respiration defects. The mutation rates of the majority of highly accumulated mutations converged to either approximately 5%, 10%, or 40%, suggesting that these mutations are linked on the respective mtDNA molecules, and mtDNA in cybrid cells likely consisted of mtDNA molecules clonally expanded from the small population of introduced mtDNAs. Thus, the linked mutations in these cybrid cells cannot be evaluated individually. In addition, mtDNA mutations homologous to confirmed pathogenic mutations in human were rarely observed in our generated cybrids. However, the transmitochondrial cybrids constitute a useful tool for concentrating pathogenic mtDNA mutations and as a source of diverse mtDNA mutations to elucidate the relationship between mtDNA mutations and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaori Ishikawa
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- * E-mail: (KI); (KN)
| | - Kohei Kobayashi
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Akihito Yamada
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Moe Umehara
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Oka
- Department of Life Science, Rikkyo University, Nishi-Ikebukuro, Toshima-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuto Nakada
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- * E-mail: (KI); (KN)
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Yokota M, Hatakeyama H, Ono Y, Kanazawa M, Goto YI. Mitochondrial respiratory dysfunction disturbs neuronal and cardiac lineage commitment of human iPSCs. Cell Death Dis 2017; 8:e2551. [PMID: 28079893 PMCID: PMC5386384 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2016.484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Revised: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial diseases are genetically heterogeneous and present a broad clinical spectrum among patients; in most cases, genetic determinants of mitochondrial diseases are heteroplasmic mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations. However, it is uncertain whether and how heteroplasmic mtDNA mutations affect particular cellular fate-determination processes, which are closely associated with the cell-type-specific pathophysiology of mitochondrial diseases. In this study, we established two isogenic induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) lines each carrying different proportions of a heteroplasmic m.3243A>G mutation from the same patient; one exhibited apparently normal and the other showed most likely impaired mitochondrial respiratory function. Low proportions of m.3243A>G exhibited no apparent molecular pathogenic influence on directed differentiation into neurons and cardiomyocytes, whereas high proportions of m.3243A>G showed both induced neuronal cell death and inhibited cardiac lineage commitment. Such neuronal and cardiac maturation defects were also confirmed using another patient-derived iPSC line carrying quite high proportion of m.3243A>G. In conclusion, mitochondrial respiratory dysfunction strongly inhibits maturation and survival of iPSC-derived neurons and cardiomyocytes; our presenting data also suggest that appropriate mitochondrial maturation actually contributes to cellular fate-determination processes during development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mutsumi Yokota
- Department of Mental Retardation and Birth Defect Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo 187-8502, Japan.,AMED-CREST, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Tokyo 100-0004, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Hatakeyama
- Department of Mental Retardation and Birth Defect Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo 187-8502, Japan.,AMED-CREST, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Tokyo 100-0004, Japan
| | - Yasuha Ono
- Department of Mental Retardation and Birth Defect Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo 187-8502, Japan
| | - Miyuki Kanazawa
- Medical Genome Center, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo 187-8551, Japan
| | - Yu-Ichi Goto
- Department of Mental Retardation and Birth Defect Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo 187-8502, Japan.,AMED-CREST, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Tokyo 100-0004, Japan.,Medical Genome Center, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo 187-8551, Japan
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Transmitochondrial mice as models for primary prevention of diseases caused by mutation in the tRNA(Lys) gene. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2014; 111:3104-9. [PMID: 24510903 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1318109111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We generated transmitochondrial mice (mito-mice) that carry a mutation in the tRNA(Lys) gene encoded by mtDNA for use in studies of its pathogenesis and transmission profiles. Because patients with mitochondrial diseases frequently carry mutations in the mitochondrial tRNA(Lys) and tRNA(Leu(UUR)) genes, we focused our efforts on identifying somatic mutations of these genes in mouse lung carcinoma P29 cells. Of the 43 clones of PCR products including the tRNA(Lys) or tRNA(Leu(UUR)) genes in mtDNA of P29 cells, one had a potentially pathogenic mutation (G7731A) in the tRNA(Lys) gene. P29 subclones with predominant amounts of G7731A mtDNA expressed respiration defects, thus suggesting the pathogenicity of this mutation. We then transferred G7731A mtDNA into mouse ES cells and obtained F0 chimeric mice. Mating these F0 mice with C57BL/6J (B6) male mice resulted in the generation of F1 mice with G7731A mtDNA, named "mito-mice-tRNA(Lys7731)." Maternal inheritance and random segregation of G7731A mtDNA occurred in subsequent generations. Mito-mice-tRNA(Lys7731) with high proportions of G7731A mtDNA exclusively expressed respiration defects and disease-related phenotypes and therefore are potential models for mitochondrial diseases due to mutations in the mitochondrial tRNA(Lys) gene. Moreover, the proportion of mutated mtDNA varied markedly among the pups born to each dam, suggesting that selecting oocytes with high proportions of normal mtDNA from affected mothers with tRNA(Lys)-based mitochondrial diseases may be effective as a primary prevention for obtaining unaffected children.
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Enoki S, Shimizu A, Hayashi C, Imanishi H, Hashizume O, Mekada K, Suzuki H, Hashimoto T, Nakada K, Hayashi JI. Selection of Rodent Species Appropriate for mtDNA Transfer to Generate Transmitochondrial Mito-Mice Expressing Mitochondrial Respiration Defects. Exp Anim 2014; 63:21-30. [DOI: 10.1538/expanim.63.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shunkei Enoki
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
| | - Akinori Shimizu
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
| | - Chisato Hayashi
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
| | - Hirotake Imanishi
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS), 8 Ichiban-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-8472, Japan
| | - Osamu Hashizume
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Mekada
- RIKEN BioResource Center, Koyadai 3-1-1, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 305-0074, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Suzuki
- Laboratory of Ecology and Genetics, Graduate School of Environmental Earth Science, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0810, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Hashimoto
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
| | - Kazuto Nakada
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichi Hayashi
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
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Wang CM, Way TD, Chen LR, Chung YC, Hu CL, Nien PC, Yen NT, Jea YS, Kao JY. Large-scale mitochondrial DNA deletions in weak goslings. Br Poult Sci 2011; 52:48-51. [PMID: 21337197 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2010.537307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
1. Evidence has accumulated in mammals to support the idea that mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) deletions and mutations might contribute to ageing and reproductive failure. White Roman geese were monitored to evaluate the effect of large-scale deletions of mtDNA in an avian species. 2. A total of 340 samples from 114 dead embryos, 111 weak goslings, and 115 normal goslings were used in this experiment. The regions of these two large-scale mtDNA deletions, ΔmtDNA6829 and ΔmtDNA6992, were between the COI and ND5 genes. A 3·6% (4 out of 111) positive sample was detected in the weak goslings. In contrast, no large-scale mitochondrial DNA deletions were detected in either the dead embryos (0 out of 114) or the normal goslings (0 out of 115). 3. Large-scale mtDNA deletions may be a factor causing weak goslings.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Wang
- Institute of Biochemistry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Generation of trans-mitochondrial mito-mice by the introduction of a pathogenic G13997A mtDNA from highly metastatic lung carcinoma cells. FEBS Lett 2010; 584:3943-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2010.07.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2010] [Revised: 07/22/2010] [Accepted: 07/23/2010] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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